Epistemic Stance in English Conversation
A description of its interactional functions, with a focus on I think
Author
This book is the first corpus-based description of epistemic stance in conversational American English. It argues for epistemic stance as a pragmatic rather than semantic notion: showing commitment to the status of information is an emergent interactive activity, rooted in the interaction between conversational co-participants. The first major part of the book establishes the highly regular and routinized nature of such stance marking in the data. The second part offers a micro-analysis of I think, the prototypical stance marker, in its sequential and activity contexts. Adopting the methodology of conversation analysis and paying serious attention to the manifold prosodic cues attendant in the speakers’ utterances, the study offers novel situated interpretations of I think. The author also argues for intonation units as a unit of social interaction and makes observations about the grammaticization patterns of the most frequent epistemic markers, notably the status of I think as a discourse marker.
[Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 115] 2003. xii, 213 pp.
Publishing status: Available
© John Benjamins Publishing Company
Table of Contents
-
Acknowledgements | p. v
-
List of tables | p. xi
-
1. Introduction | pp. 1–16
-
2. Expression of epistemic stance: Preliminaries | pp. 17–28
-
3. The intonation unit as analytical unit | pp. 29–34
-
4. Routinization of stance marking at the linguistic and interactional level | pp. 35–103
-
5. Stance-taking as an interactive activity: The case of I think | pp. 105–182
-
6. Concluding remarks | pp. 183–187
-
-
Appendix | pp. 199–200
-
Name index | pp. 201–203
-
Subject index | pp. 205–207
“ESEC is to be considered a welcome contribution to the literature on epistemic modality. Its main merit lies in the exploration of issues which have received scant attention, such as prosody, sequentiality and routinization. In all probability, ESEC will prove to be a seminal work [...]”
Marta Carretero, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, in the Journal of Pragmatics, Vol. 38 (2006)
“The book is clearly written, well argued with the right amount of data presented. It should appeal to a range of functional linguists, linguistically minded conversation analysts, and those interested in the linguistic expression of perspective.”
Ilana Mushin, University of Queensland, Australia
Cited by
Cited by 250 other publications
Aarsand, Liselott
2014. The knowledgeable parenting style: stance takings and subject positions in media encounters. International Journal of Lifelong Education 33:5 ► pp. 625 ff. 
Aijmer, Karin
2014. Pragmatic markers. In Corpus Pragmatics, ► pp. 195 ff.
Almeida, Francisco Alonso
2015. The functions ofseemandparecerin early medical writing. Discourse Studies 17:2 ► pp. 121 ff.
Alvanoudi, Angeliki
2022. Polar answers and epistemic stance in Greek conversation. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 32:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Amorocho, Simone
2018. Berufsbezogene Bildungssprache: Praktiken der Wissensdarbietung in Prüfungsgesprächen der Pflegeausbildung. Informationen Deutsch als Fremdsprache 45:4 ► pp. 507 ff.
Anderson, Rebecca J, Patrick C Stone, Joseph T S Low & Steven Bloch
2020. Managing uncertainty and references to time in prognostic conversations with family members at the end of life: A conversation analytic study. Palliative Medicine 34:7 ► pp. 896 ff.
Angot, Juliette & Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen
2021. Chapter 5. The meaning and functions of French je pense (que). In Studies at the Grammar-Discourse Interface [Studies in Language Companion Series, 219], ► pp. 128 ff.
Antaki, Charles & Joseph Webb
2019. When the larger objective matters more: support workers’ epistemic and deontic authority over adult service‐users. Sociology of Health & Illness 41:8 ► pp. 1549 ff.
BABEL, ANNA M.
2009. Dizque, evidentiality, and stance in Valley Spanish. Language in Society 38:4 ► pp. 487 ff.
Biber, Douglas & Shelley Staples
2014. Exploring the prosody of stance. In Spoken Corpora and Linguistic Studies [Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 61], ► pp. 271 ff.
Biri, Ylva
2024. Chapter 2. Personal conviction against general knowledge. In Self- and Other-Reference in Social Contexts [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 342], ► pp. 14 ff.
Birnie-Smith, Jessica
2023. Framing variation and intersectional identities within Indonesia’s ethnic Chinese minority. Multilingua 42:3 ► pp. 339 ff.
Birnie‐Smith, Jessica
2022. Investigating Structure and Agency in Chinese Indonesians' Identity Work. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 32:3 ► pp. 561 ff.
Bongelli, Ramona, Andrzej Zuczkowski & Ilaria Riccioni
2023. The Italian Epistemic Disclaimer Non so [I Don’t Know] in a Corpus of Gynaecological Interactions. Languages 8:4 ► pp. 226 ff.
Brandt, Silke, Stephanie Hargreaves & Anna Theakston
2023. Putting Complement Clauses into Context: Testing the Effects of Story Context, False‐Belief Understanding, and Syntactic form on Children's and Adults’ Comprehension and Production of Complement Clauses. Cognitive Science 47:7
Brook, Marisa
2018. Taking it up a level: Copy-raising and cascaded tiers of morphosyntactic change. Language Variation and Change 30:2 ► pp. 231 ff.
Brook, Marisa
2020.
I feel like and it feels like: Two paths to the emergence of epistemic markers. Linguistics Vanguard 6:1
Cabedo Nebot, Adrián & Carolina Figueras Bates
2018. Chapter 1. Evidentiality in discourse. In Perspectives on Evidentiality in Spanish [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 290], ► pp. 1 ff.
Carretero, Marta
Carretero, Marta
2023. The Expression of Epistemicity in British Internet Discussion Forums in Contrast with Newspaper Opinion Articles and Political Speeches. Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies :32/2 ► pp. 43 ff.
Chang, Miao-Hsia & Ún-giân Iûnn
2021. A corpus-based study of directives in Taiwanese Southern Min. Concentric. Studies in Linguistics 47:2 ► pp. 300 ff.
Chindamo, Massimo, Jens Allwood & Elisabeth Ahlsen
2012. 2012 International Conference on Privacy, Security, Risk and Trust and 2012 International Confernece on Social Computing, ► pp. 617 ff.
Choi, Jinsook
2021. ‘I am sorry, but I have to speak Korean’: stancetaking through apology in public speech at an ‘English only’ Korean university. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development ► pp. 1 ff.
Clift, Rebecca
2006. Indexing stance: Reported speech as an interactional evidential1. Journal of Sociolinguistics 10:5 ► pp. 569 ff.
Clift, Rebecca
2010. REVIEWS - Alexandra Jaffe (ed.), Stance: Sociolinguistic perspectives (Oxford Studies in Sociolinguistics). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Pp. vii+261.. Journal of Linguistics 46:2 ► pp. 518 ff.
Clifton, Jonathan
2014. Being in the Know: Socio-Epistemics and the Communicative Constitution of a Management Team. Organization Management Journal 11:1 ► pp. 4 ff.
COATS, STEVEN
2023. Double modals in contemporary British and Irish speech. English Language and Linguistics 27:4 ► pp. 693 ff.
Conlin, Luke D. & Rachel E. Scherr
2018. Making Space to Sensemake: Epistemic Distancing in Small Group Physics Discussions. Cognition and Instruction 36:4 ► pp. 396 ff.
Cook, Haruko Minegishi
2011. Language Socialization and Stance‐Taking Practices. In The Handbook of Language Socialization, ► pp. 296 ff.
Cornillie, Bert
Cornillie, Bert & Barbara De Cock
2015. Ways of encoding attention to the interlocutor in contemporary spoken Spanish. Spanish in Context 12:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Cornillie, Bert & Pedro Gras
2015. On the interactional dimension of evidentials: The case of the Spanish evidential discourse markers. Discourse Studies 17:2 ► pp. 141 ff.
Dahm, Maria R. & Carmel Crock
2023. Chapter 14. The pragmatics of diagnostic uncertainty. In A Pragmatic Agenda for Healthcare [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 338], ► pp. 330 ff.
Damari, Rebecca Rubin
2010. Intertextual stancetaking and the local negotiation of cultural identities by a binational couple1. Journal of Sociolinguistics 14:5 ► pp. 609 ff.
Dancygier, Barbara
2012. Conclusion: multiple viewpoints, multiple spaces. In Viewpoint in Language, ► pp. 219 ff.
Dancygier, Barbara
2012. Negation, stance verbs, and intersubjectivity. In Viewpoint in Language, ► pp. 69 ff.
Davidse, Kristin, Liesbet Heyvaert & An Laffut
Debras, Camille
2014. Formes et fonctions du discours d’expert dans des discussions sur l’environnement entre étudiants britanniques : une étude multimodale de la prise de position en interaction. ASp :65 ► pp. 45 ff.
Debras, Camille & Alan Cienki
2012. 2012 International Conference on Privacy, Security, Risk and Trust and 2012 International Confernece on Social Computing, ► pp. 932 ff.
DeCoursey, Christina
2022. How Talented Second-language Learners Regulate their Emotions and Cope with Stress. English Studies at NBU 8:1 ► pp. 5 ff.
Dehé, Nicole
2018. The prosodic phrasing of parenthetical comment clauses in spontaneous spoken language: evidence from icelandic held ég. Studia Linguistica 72:1 ► pp. 128 ff.
Deppermann, Arnulf & Silke Reineke
2020. Practices of indexing discrepant assumptions with Germanich dachte(‘I thought’) in talk-in-interaction. Functions of Language 27:2 ► pp. 113 ff.
Deshors, Sandra C.
Diaz, Maria Angela, Ken Lau & Chia-Yen Lin
2020. Pragmatic functions of I think in computer-mediated, cross-cultural communication between Taiwanese
and Japanese undergraduate students. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 30:4 ► pp. 509 ff.
Dooly, Melinda & Vincenza Tudini
2022. ‘We should google that’: the dynamics of knowledge-in-interaction in an online student meeting. Classroom Discourse 13:2 ► pp. 188 ff.
Drake, Veronika
2015. Indexing Uncertainty: The Case of Turn-FinalOr. Research on Language and Social Interaction 48:3 ► pp. 301 ff.
Drake, Veronika
2021. Alternative questions and their responses in English interaction. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 31:1 ► pp. 62 ff.
Endo, Tomoko & Daisuke Yokomori
2020. Chapter 8. Self-addressed questions as fixed expressions for epistemic stance marking in Japanese conversation. In Fixed Expressions [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 315], ► pp. 203 ff.
Evaldsson, Ann-Carita & Johanna Svahn
2019. Tracing unique trajectories of participation for a ‘girl with ADHD’: from ‘unwilling student’ to ‘agentive learner’. Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties 24:3 ► pp. 254 ff.
Fele, Giolo
2014. Requesting help with null or limited knowledge. In Communicating Certainty and Uncertainty in Medical, Supportive and Scientific Contexts [Dialogue Studies, 25], ► pp. 139 ff.
Fele, Giolo
2023. How to Ask for Help When There Is Little or No Information. In Emergency Communication, ► pp. 97 ff.
Fetzer, Anita
2008. “And I Think That Is a Very Straightforward Way of Dealing With It”. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 27:4 ► pp. 384 ff.
Fetzer, Anita
Figueras Bates, Carolina
Flinkfeldt, Marie
2017. Wanting to work: managing the sick role in high‐stake sickness insurance meetings. Sociology of Health & Illness 39:7 ► pp. 1149 ff.
Frank-Job, Barbara
2021. Aushandlungen von Wissenszuständen in Gesprächen mit jugendlichen Anfallspatienten. In Polyphonie in literarischen, medizinischen und pflegewissenschaftlichen Textsorten, ► pp. 157 ff.
Freitag, Raquel Meister Ko., Paloma Batista Cardoso & Julian Tejada
2022. Linguistic and paralinguistic constraints on the function of(eu) acho queas DM in Brazilian Portuguese. Pragmatics & Cognition 29:2 ► pp. 324 ff.
Friess, Erin
2011. Politeness, Time Constraints, and Collaboration in Decision-Making Meetings: A Case Study. Technical Communication Quarterly 20:2 ► pp. 114 ff.
Gablasova, Dana & Vaclav Brezina
2015. Does Speaker Role Affect the Choice of Epistemic Adverbials in L2 Speech? Evidence from the Trinity Lancaster Corpus. In Yearbook of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics 2015 [Yearbook of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics, 3], ► pp. 117 ff.
Gales, Tammy
2015. The stance of stalking: a corpus-based analysis of grammatical markers of stance in threatening communications. Corpora 10:2 ► pp. 171 ff.
Glynn, Dylan
2014. Techniques and tools. In Corpus Methods for Semantics [Human Cognitive Processing, 43], ► pp. 307 ff.
González, Montserrat
2018. Chapter 7. ‘No sé’. In Perspectives on Evidentiality in Spanish [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 290], ► pp. 147 ff.
Grieser, Jessica A.
2022. References. Publication of the American Dialect Society 107:1 ► pp. 139 ff.
Gupta, Ayush, Chandra Turpen, Thomas Philip & Andrew Elby
2019. Narrative Co-construction of Stances Towards Engineers’ Work in Socio-Technical Contexts. In Critical, Transdisciplinary and Embodied Approaches in STEM Education [Advances in STEM Education, ], ► pp. 251 ff.
Gut, Ulrike & Foluke Olayinka Unuabonah
2019. Chapter 2.2. The use of stance markers in West African Englishes. In Corpus Linguistics and African Englishes [Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 88], ► pp. 206 ff.
Haddington, Pentti
2012. Pragmatics of Stance. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Halverson, Colin Michael Egenberger
2019. Evidence and Expertise in Genetic Nomenclatures. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 29:3 ► pp. 314 ff.
Hamann, Magnus & Jørgen Feldbæk Nielsen
2022. Social and moral relevance of memory. Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders 12:1
Haßler, Gerda
2015. Evidentiality and the expression of speaker’s stance in Romance languages and German. Discourse Studies 17:2 ► pp. 182 ff.
He, Xiaodan
2024. Formulations in Chinese criminal courtroom interaction. Text & Talk 0:0
Helasvuo, Marja-Liisa
Helasvuo, Marja-Liisa
2015. Searching for motivations for grammatical patternings. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 453 ff.
Helasvuo, Marja-Liisa
Helasvuo, Marja-Liisa & Tuomas Huumo
2015. Canonical and non-canonical subjects in constructions. In Subjects in Constructions – Canonical and Non-Canonical [Constructional Approaches to Language, 16], ► pp. 1 ff.
Heller, Vivien
2017. Managing knowledge claims in classroom discourse: the public construction of a homogeneous epistemic status. Classroom Discourse 8:2 ► pp. 156 ff.
Henderson, Elle Felicity
2022. ‘So, it’s not necessarily about exclusion’. Journal of Language and Discrimination
Herder, Anke, Jan Berenst, Kees de Glopper & Tom Koole
2022. Conversational functions of ‘I know’, ‘you know’ and ‘we know’ in collaborative writing of primary school children. Classroom Discourse 13:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Heritage, John & Chase Wesley Raymond
2021. Preference and Polarity: Epistemic Stance in Question Design. Research on Language and Social Interaction 54:1 ► pp. 39 ff.
Hosoda, Yuri & David Aline
2022. Deployment of I don’t know and wakannai in second language classroom peer discussions. Text & Talk 42:1 ► pp. 27 ff.
Hou, Lynn
2022. A Usage-Based Proposal for Argument Structure of Directional Verbs in American Sign Language. Frontiers in Psychology 13
Hu, Jian
2023. The Pragmatics and Discourse Functions of MM. In A Constructional Approach to Interpersonal Metaphor of Modality [Peking University Linguistics Research, 7], ► pp. 105 ff.
Inbar, Anna & Yael Maschler
2023. Shared Knowledge as an Account for Disaffiliative Moves: Hebrew ki ‘Because’-Clauses Accompanied by the Palm-Up Open-Hand Gesture. Research on Language and Social Interaction 56:2 ► pp. 141 ff.
Iversen, Clara
2014. ‘I don't know if I should believe him’: Knowledge and believability in interviews with children. British Journal of Social Psychology 53:2 ► pp. 367 ff.
Izumi, Hiroaki
2014. Local Division of Labor in Rehabilitation Team Conferences. Human Studies 37:3 ► pp. 393 ff.
Jaakola, Minna
2021. Marking one’s own viewpoint: The Finnish evidential verb+kseni ‘as far as I understand’ construction. Nordic Journal of Linguistics 44:3 ► pp. 255 ff.
Jacquin, Jérôme
2017. De la polyfonctionnalité de je sais dans des débats publics et télévisés. Revue française de linguistique appliquée Vol. XXII:2 ► pp. 109 ff.
Jacquin, Jérôme, F. Neveu, B. Harmegnies, L. Hriba, S. Prévost & A. Steuckardt
2020. Withdrawn article: Étudier les marqueurs épistémiques et évidentiels du français tels qu’ils émergent dans la parole-en-interaction. Synthèse critique de la littérature existante. SHS Web of Conferences 78 ► pp. 01007 ff.
Jehoul, Annelies, Geert Brône & Kurt Feyaerts
2017. The shrug as marker of obviousness. Linguistics Vanguard 3:s1
Jia, Qi
2024. 对既存并列项的觉察与选择. Chinese Language and Discourse. An International and Interdisciplinary Journal 15:1 ► pp. 51 ff.
Kabatnik, Susanne
2023. Funktionsverbgefüge go digital: Leistungen von Funktionsverbgefügen in der Interaktion auf Twitter. In Digitale Pragmatik [Digitale Linguistik, 1], ► pp. 85 ff.
Kaltenböck, Gunther
2014. Processibility. In Corpus Pragmatics, ► pp. 117 ff.
Kaltenböck, Gunther, Evelien Keizer & Arne Lohmann
2016. Extra-clausal constituents. In Outside the Clause [Studies in Language Companion Series, 178], ► pp. 1 ff.
Kashyap, Abhishek Kumar & Foong Ha Yap
2017. Epistemicity, social identity and politeness marking: A pragmatic analysis of Bajjika verbal inflections. Linguistics 55:3 ► pp. 413 ff.
Kasper, Gabriele
2008. Discourse and Socially Shared Cognition. In Encyclopedia of Language and Education, ► pp. 1824 ff.
Keevallik, Leelo & Ann Weatherall
2020. Chapter 2. ‘I understand’-initiated formulations of the other. In Fixed Expressions [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 315], ► pp. 11 ff.
Kiesling, Scott F.
2022. Stance and Stancetaking. Annual Review of Linguistics 8:1 ► pp. 409 ff.
Kim, Younhee & Rita Elaine Silver
2016. Provoking Reflective Thinking in Post Observation Conversations. Journal of Teacher Education 67:3 ► pp. 203 ff.
Kirkham, Sam
2011. Personal style and epistemic stance in classroom discussion. Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 20:3 ► pp. 201 ff.
Kizu, Mika, Eiko Gyogi & Patrick Dougherty
Klein, Gabriella B., Koffi M. Dossou & Sergio Pasquandrea
2014. Embodying epistemicity. In Communicating Certainty and Uncertainty in Medical, Supportive and Scientific Contexts [Dialogue Studies, 25], ► pp. 223 ff.
Kozubíková Šandová, Jana
2015. On the use of cognitive verbs in political interviews. Brno Studies in English 41:1 ► pp. 41 ff.
Kraut, Joshua
Laury, Ritva & Marja-Liisa Helasvuo
2020. Chapter 3. The emergence and routinization of complex syntactic patterns formed with ajatella ‘think’ and tietää ‘know’ in Finnish talk-in-interaction. In Emergent Syntax for Conversation [Studies in Language and Social Interaction, 32], ► pp. 55 ff.
Laury, Ritva, Marja-Liisa Helasvuo & Janica Rauma
2020. Chapter 6. When an expression becomes fixed. In Fixed Expressions [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 315], ► pp. 133 ff.
Laury, Ritva & Tsuyoshi Ono
2015. The limits of grammar: Clause combining in Finnish and Japanese conversation. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 561 ff.
Leclercq, Pascale
2021. The Acquisition of Verbal Epistemic Stance Marking during Study Abroad: The Case of je pense in L2 French. Languages 6:4 ► pp. 196 ff.
Lee, Don
2023. Divergence in uncertainty: the Korean non-committal suffix -(u)lkel. Text & Talk 43:5 ► pp. 697 ff.
Lee, Jieun
2015. Evaluation of court interpreting. Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 17:2 ► pp. 167 ff.
Lee, Youra & Seok-Hoon You
2020. Comprehension Analysis on the Discourse Marker Function of English -ly Type Epistemic Stance Adverbials. Lanaguage Research 56:3 ► pp. 383 ff.
Lee, Youra & Seok-Hoon You
2020. Comprehension Analysis on the Discourse Marker Function of English -ly Type Epistemic Stance Adverbials. Lanaguage Research 56:3 ► pp. 383 ff.
LEMPERT, MICHAEL
2008. The poetics of stance: Text-metricality, epistemicity, interaction. Language in Society 37:4 ► pp. 569 ff.
Lempert, Michael
2009. On ‘flip‐flopping’: Branded stance‐taking in U.S. electoral politics1. Journal of Sociolinguistics 13:2 ► pp. 223 ff.
Li, Jing, Lei Lei & Le Cheng
2020. Mapping Evaluation, Appraisal and Stance in Discourse (2000–2015): A Bibliometric Analysis. Glottotheory 10:1-2 ► pp. 31 ff.
Li, Shushu & Ni-Eng Lim
2019. “不会 VP 吧”在互动会话中的求证行为和反期待推测. Chinese Language and Discourse. An International and Interdisciplinary Journal 10:2 ► pp. 241 ff.
Lindström, Liina, Maarja-Liisa Pilvik & Helen Plado
Long, Haiping, Bernd Heine & Francesco-Alessio Ursini
2020. Prosody and formation of Modern Chinese parenthetical CTMP ni xiang ‘you think’: A conjoining pathway account. Australian Journal of Linguistics 40:3 ► pp. 369 ff.
Lovrits, Veronika
2022. Patterns and Variation in English Language Discourse. 9th Brno Conference on Linguistics Studies in English, ► pp. 59 ff.
Lovrits, Veronika & Julia de Bres
2021. Prestigious language, pigeonholed speakers: Stances towards the ‘native English speaker’ in a multilingual European institution. Journal of Sociolinguistics 25:3 ► pp. 398 ff.
López-Couso, María José & Belén Méndez-Naya
2014. On the origin of clausal parenthetical constructions: Epistemic/evidential parentheticals withseem
and impersonalthink. In Diachronic Corpus Pragmatics [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 243], ► pp. 189 ff.
López-Couso, María José & Belén Méndez-Naya
Manns, Howard
2010. Review of Englebretson (2007): Stancetaking in Discourse: Subjectivity, evaluation, interaction. Studies in Language 34:3 ► pp. 707 ff.
Markee, Numa & Silvia Kunitz
2013. Doing Planning and Task Performance in Second Language Acquisition: An Ethnomethodological Respecification. Language Learning 63:4 ► pp. 629 ff.
Martínez Vázquez, Montserrat
2023. Chapter 10. A constructional analysis of digo yo in peninsular Spanish. In Constructions in Spanish [Constructional Approaches to Language, 34], ► pp. 255 ff.
Maschler, Yael
2017. Chapter 1. The emergence of Hebrew loydea / loydat (‘I dunno masc/fem’) from interaction. In Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles [Studies in Language Companion Series, 186], ► pp. 37 ff.
Maschler, Yael & Roi Estlein
2008. Stance-taking in Hebrew casual conversation via be'emet (`really, actually, indeed', lit. `in truth'). Discourse Studies 10:3 ► pp. 283 ff.
Maschler, Yael & Deborah Schiffrin
2015.
Discourse Markers
Language, Meaning, and Context
. In The Handbook of Discourse Analysis, ► pp. 189 ff.
Matalon, Nadav
2021. Chapter 6. The Camel Humps prosodic pattern. In Building Categories in Interaction [Studies in Language Companion Series, 220], ► pp. 155 ff.
Mayes, Patricia
2015. Becoming an ‘autonomous writer’: Epistemic stance displays and membership categorization in the writing conference. Discourse Studies 17:6 ► pp. 752 ff.
McKeown, Jamie
2022. Stancetaking in the U.S. Supreme Court’s abortion jurisprudence (1973-present): epistemic (im)probability and evidential (dis)belief. International Journal of Legal Discourse 7:2 ► pp. 323 ff.
Mikesell, Lisa, Galina B. Bolden, Jenny Mandelbaum, Jeffrey D. Robinson, Tanya Romaniuk, Alexa Bolaños-Carpio, Darcey Searles, Wan Wei, Stephen M. DiDomenico & Beth Angell
2017. At the Intersection of Epistemics and Action: Responding with I Know. Research on Language and Social Interaction 50:3 ► pp. 268 ff.
Millar, Sharon
2015. Chapter 3. Under fire. In Discourse, Politics and Women as Global Leaders [Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture, 63], ► pp. 67 ff.
Miller, Paul K. & Tom Grimwood
2015. Mountains, Cones, and Dilemmas of Context. Philosophy of the Social Sciences 45:3 ► pp. 331 ff.
Mojedano Batel, Andrea, Amparo Soler Bonafont & Krzysztof Kredens
2024. Epistemic Modality Constructions as Stable Idiolectal Features: A Cross-genre Study of Spanish. International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique 37:2 ► pp. 595 ff.
MOLENCKI, RAFAŁ
2018. Fromsickertosure: the contact-induced lexical layering within the Medieval English adjectives of certainty. English Language and Linguistics 22:2 ► pp. 283 ff.
Monfaredi, Elham
2023. Student-initiated storytelling in classroom interaction. Classroom Discourse 14:4 ► pp. 411 ff.
Moriya, Tetsuharu & Kaoru Horie
2015. The Neg-Raising Phenomenon as a product of grammaticalization. In New Directions in Grammaticalization Research [Studies in Language Companion Series, 166], ► pp. 121 ff.
Mushin, Ilana & Simona Pekarek Doehler
Mutta, Maarit
2017. La conscience métapragmatique et l’attitude métacognitive épistémique des scripteurs universitaires : la révision de texte en temps réel. Pratiques :173-174
Mutta, Maarit & Marjut Johansson
2018. Advanced FL learners explaining their writing choices: epistemic attitude as an indicator of problem-solving and strategic knowledge in the on-line revision process. The Language Learning Journal 46:2 ► pp. 146 ff.
Myers, Greg
2010. Stance-taking and public discussion in blogs. Critical Discourse Studies 7:4 ► pp. 263 ff.
Napoli, Vittorio
2023. Chapter 8. “There is no doubt, you must be right!”. In Pragmatics and Translation [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 337], ► pp. 173 ff.
Nguyen, Hanh thi, Ann Tai Choe & Cristiane Vicentini
2022. Opportunities for second language learning in online search sequences during a computer-mediated tutoring session. Classroom Discourse 13:2 ► pp. 145 ff.
Nikolaienko, Valeriia
2023. Patterns of evidentials use in dream narratives. Cognition, Communication, Discourse :26 ► pp. 109 ff.
Nuyts, Jan & Karolien Janssens
2019. Parentheticals revisited: The case of Dutchdenken. Folia Linguistica 53:s40-s2 ► pp. 475 ff.
Olohan, Maeve & Myriam Salama-Carr
2011. Translating Science. The Translator 17:2 ► pp. 179 ff.
Omero, Paolo, Massimiliano Valotto, Riccardo Bellana, Ramona Bongelli, Ilaria Riccioni, Andrzej Zuczkowski & Carlo Tasso
2020. Writer’s uncertainty identification in scientific biomedical articles: a tool for automatic if-clause tagging. Language Resources and Evaluation 54:4 ► pp. 1161 ff.
OXBURY, ROSAMUND, MATTHEW HUNT & JENNY CHESHIRE
2023. Epistemic phrases and adolescent speech in West London. English Language and Linguistics 27:4 ► pp. 815 ff.
Park, Innhwa
2014. Stepwise advice negotiation in writing center peer tutoring. Language and Education 28:4 ► pp. 362 ff.
Parton, Katharine
2014. Epistemic stance in orchestral interaction. Social Semiotics 24:4 ► pp. 402 ff.
PEKAREK DOEHLER, SIMONA & SØREN W. ESKILDSEN
2022. Emergent L2 Grammars in and for Social Interaction: Introduction to the Special Issue. The Modern Language Journal 106:S1 ► pp. 3 ff.
Pekarek Doehler, Simona, Yael Maschler, Leelo Keevallik & Jan Lindström
2020. Chapter 1. Complex syntax-in-interaction. In Emergent Syntax for Conversation [Studies in Language and Social Interaction, 32], ► pp. 1 ff.
Pietrandrea, Paola, Sylvain Kahane, Anne Lacheret-Dujour & Frédéric Sabio
2014. The notion of sentence and other discourse units in corpus annotation. In Spoken Corpora and Linguistic Studies [Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 61], ► pp. 331 ff.
Piittinen, Sari
2018. Morality in Let’s Play narrations: Moral evaluations of Gothic monsters in gameplay videos of Fallout 3. New Media & Society 20:12 ► pp. 4671 ff.
Pishwa, Hanna
2014. Powerless language: Hedges as cues for interpersonal functions. In The Expression of Inequality in Interaction [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 248], ► pp. 165 ff.
Pishwa, Hanna
2015. Information Source as Persuasive Power in Political Interviews: the Case of Obama. In The Exercise of Power in Communication, ► pp. 130 ff.
Pizziconi, Barbara
2009. The Interactional Consequences of Epistemic Indexicality — Some Thoughts on the Epistemic Marker -kamoshirenai. In Japanese Modality, ► pp. 259 ff.
Polak-Yitzhaki, Hilla & Yael Maschler
2023. From lack of understanding to heightened engagement: A multimodal study of Hebrew ′ATA LO MEVIN ‘You don’t understand’. Intercultural Pragmatics 20:5 ► pp. 521 ff.
Pouromid, Sajjad
2021. From incompetence to competence: maintaining intersubjectivity through shifting epistemic stance in intercultural L2 talk in an Asian context. Asian Englishes 23:2 ► pp. 166 ff.
Pyykönen, Maria
2023. Exploring patterns of lexical variation in the use of epistemic stance markers in written L2 English across task types and levels of proficiency. International Journal of Learner Corpus Research 9:2 ► pp. 215 ff.
Põldvere, Nele, Matteo Fuoli & Carita Paradis
2016. A study of dialogic expansion and contraction in spoken discourse using corpus and experimental techniques. Corpora 11:2 ► pp. 191 ff.
Ranger, Graham
2018. Chapter 8. ‘I think’. In Tense, Aspect, Modality, and Evidentiality [Studies in Language Companion Series, 197], ► pp. 165 ff.
Ranger, Graham
2018. I think: Further Variations in Subjective Endorsement. In Discourse Markers, ► pp. 275 ff.
Raymond, Chase Wesley, Rebecca Clift & John Heritage
2021. Reference without anaphora: on agency through grammar. Linguistics 59:3 ► pp. 715 ff.
Raymond, Chase Wesley, Jeffrey D. Robinson, Barbara A. Fox, Sandra A. Thompson & Kristella Montiegel
2021. Modulating action through minimization: Syntax in the service of offering and requesting. Language in Society 50:1 ► pp. 53 ff.
Riccioni, Ilaria, Andrzej Zuczkowski, Roberto Burro, Ramona Bongelli & Claudia Felser
2022. The Italian epistemic marker mi sa [to me it knows] compared to so [I know], non so [I don’t know], non so se [I don’t know whether], credo [I believe], penso [I think]. PLOS ONE 17:9 ► pp. e0274694 ff.
Riou, Marine, Stephen Ball, Teresa A Williams, Austin Whiteside, Kay L O’Halloran, Janet Bray, Gavin D Perkins, Peter Cameron, Daniel M Fatovich, Madoka Inoue, Paul Bailey, Deon Brink, Karen Smith, Phillip Della & Judith Finn
2017. The linguistic and interactional factors impacting recognition and dispatch in emergency calls for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a mixed-method linguistic analysis study protocol. BMJ Open 7:7 ► pp. e016510 ff.
Rodríguez Louro, Celeste
2015. The evolution of epistemic marking in West Australian English. In Grammatical Change in English World-Wide [Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 67], ► pp. 205 ff.
RODRÍGUEZ LOURO, CELESTE & THOMAS HARRIS
2013. Evolution with an attitude: the grammaticalisation of epistemic/evidential verbs in Australian English. English Language and Linguistics 17:3 ► pp. 415 ff.
Romero, Sergio
2020. Stance. In The International Encyclopedia of Linguistic Anthropology, ► pp. 1 ff.
Rozumko, Agata
2017. Adverbial Markers of Epistemic Modality Across Disciplinary Discourses: A Contrastive Study of Research Articles in Six Academic Disciplines. Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 52:1 ► pp. 73 ff.
Sabet, Peyman G.P. & Grace Q. Zhang
2018. The Pragmatic Functions of ‘I Don't Think’ and ‘I Think + Not’. Australian Journal of Linguistics 38:3 ► pp. 421 ff.
SahlstrÖm, Fritjof
2012. “The Truth Lies in the Detail”. In Understanding Teaching and Learning, ► pp. 79 ff.
Sakita, Tomoko I.
SCHLEEF, ERIK & MICHAEL RAMSAMMY
2013. Labiodental fronting of /θ/ in London and Edinburgh: a cross-dialectal study. English Language and Linguistics 17:1 ► pp. 25 ff.
Schneider, Stefan
2013. Parenthetische Teilsätze in mittelfranzösischen Texten des 14. und 15. JahrhundertsEine erste Version dieses Aufsatzes wurde im September 2011 in Berlin im Rahmen der SektionZwischen Satz und Text: Diskursmarker und Informationsstruktur in romanischer Diachroniedes 32. Romanistentages vorgetragen. Ich danke den Sektionsteilnehmern für ihre Anmerkungen und Anregungen. Martin Hummel und Ulrich Wandruszka, denen ich an dieser Stelle ebenfalls danken möchte, haben weitere Versionen des Textes gelesen und kommentiert.. zrph 129:4 ► pp. 867 ff.
Schrauf, Robert W., Patria López De Victoria & Brett Diaz
2020. Linguistic stance: An integrative paradigm for mixed methods social science. Language in Society 49:2 ► pp. 257 ff.
Sert, Olcay & Steve Walsh
2013. The interactional management of claims of insufficient knowledge in English language classrooms. Language and Education 27:6 ► pp. 542 ff.
Shchemeleva, Irina
2022. When the unconventional becomes convention: epistemic stance in English as a lingua franca research articles. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca 11:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Shubko, Viktoriia
2022. Corpus Analysis of the Subject’s Epistemic Position in English Dialogical Discourse. Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World :72(2) ► pp. 130 ff.
Siegel, Aki
2020. Development of Shared Multilingual Resources in ELF Dyadic Interaction. In Language Change, ► pp. 311 ff.
Sierra, Sylvia
2023. “A radical point of view”: The discursive construction of the political identity of student activists. Discourse & Society 34:6 ► pp. 772 ff.
Simaki, Vasiliki, Carita Paradis & Andreas Kerren
2018. Evaluating stance-annotated sentences from the Brexit Blog Corpus: A quantitative linguistic analysis. ICAME Journal 42:1 ► pp. 133 ff.
Simaki, Vasiliki, Carita Paradis & Andreas Kerren
2019. A two-step procedure to identify lexical elements of stance constructions in discourse from political blogs. Corpora 14:3 ► pp. 379 ff.
Siromaa, Maarit & Mirka Rauniomaa
2021. Stance and Evaluation. In The Cambridge Handbook of Sociopragmatics, ► pp. 95 ff.
Sivenkova, Maria
2008. Expressing Commitment When Asking Multiunit Questions in Parliamentary Debates. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 27:4 ► pp. 359 ff.
Skogmyr Marian, Klara, Sofie Henricson & Marie Nelson
2021. Counselors’ Claims of Insufficient Knowledge in Academic Writing Consultations. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 65:6 ► pp. 1065 ff.
Smith, Benjamin
2005. Ideologies of the Speaking Subject in the Psychotherapeutic Theory and Practice of Carl Rogers. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 15:2 ► pp. 258 ff.
Smoliak, Olga, Amanda Le Couteur & Christopher Quinn‐Nilas
2018. Issuing and Responding to Unusual Questions: A Conversation Analytic Account of Tom Andersen's Therapeutic Practice. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy 44:3 ► pp. 393 ff.
Solem, Marit Skarbø
2016. Displaying knowledge through interrogatives in student-initiated sequences. Classroom Discourse 7:1 ► pp. 18 ff.
Steel, Emma J., Jan Hodgson, Lesley Stirling & Susan M. White
2014. An exploration of the communication patterns and language used between clinical geneticists and parents of children with dysmorphic features. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 164:11 ► pp. 2822 ff.
Steensig, Jakob
2012. Conversation Analysis and Affiliation and Alignment. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Steensig, Jakob
2019. Conversation Analysis and Affiliation and Alignment. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics, ► pp. 1 ff.
Sterie, Anca-Cristina, Ralf J. Jox & Eve Rubli Truchard
2022. Decision-making ethics in regards to life-sustaining interventions: when physicians refer to what other patients decide. BMC Medical Ethics 23:1
Stickle, Trini & Anja Wanner
2019. Transivitity Patterns Exhibited by Persons with Dementia in Conversation. Applied Linguistics 40:1 ► pp. 43 ff.
STIVERS, TANYA & MAKOTO HAYASHI
2010. Transformative answers: One way to resist a question’s constraints. Language in Society 39:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Stoenica, Ioana-Maria & Sophia Fiedler
2021. Multimodal Practice for Mobilizing Response: The Case of Turn-Final Tu Vois ‘You See’ in French Talk-in-Interaction. Frontiers in Psychology 12
Stoenica, Ioana-Maria & Simona Pekarek Doehler
2020. Chapter 11. Relative-clause increments and the management of reference. In Emergent Syntax for Conversation [Studies in Language and Social Interaction, 32], ► pp. 303 ff.
Stone, Lynda D. & Tabitha Hart
2019. Sociocultural Psychology and Regulatory Processes in Learning Activity,
Szczyrbak, Magdalena
2014. Pragmatic Aspects of Comment Clauses in Courtroom Interaction. In Language Use and Linguistic Structure, ► pp. 255 ff.
Szczyrbak, Magdalena
2016. Say and stancetaking in courtroom talk: a corpus-assisted study. Corpora 11:2 ► pp. 143 ff.
Szczyrbak, Magdalena
2019. EPISTEMIC STANCE IN THE KAVANAUGH CONFIRMATION HEARING: FOCUS ON MENTAL AND COMMUNICATION VERBS. Discourse and Interaction 12:2 ► pp. 72 ff.
Szczyrbak, Magdalena
2020. VERB PATTERNS IN TRIAL DISCOURSE: THE CASE OF I THINK. Discourse and Interaction 13:2 ► pp. 119 ff.
Szczyrbak, Magdalena
2022. Interacting with the Expert Witness: Courtroom Epistemics Under a Discourse Analyst’s Lens. In Language as Evidence, ► pp. 105 ff.
TANAKA, HIROKO
2008. Delaying dispreferred responses in English: From a Japanese perspective. Language in Society 37:4 ► pp. 487 ff.
Tolvanen, Eveliina
2023. ‘I think’ in Swedish L1 and L2 group interactions. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA)
Tottie, Gunnel
Tottie, Gunnel
2014. Turn management and the fillers uh and um. In Corpus Pragmatics, ► pp. 381 ff.
Trnavac, Radoslava & Maite Taboada
2023. Engagement and constructiveness in online news comments in English and Russian. Text & Talk 43:2 ► pp. 235 ff.
VAN BOGAERT, JULIE
2010. A constructional taxonomy ofI thinkand related expressions: accounting for the variability of complement-taking mental predicates. English Language and Linguistics 14:3 ► pp. 399 ff.
van Burgsteden, Lotte & Hedwig te Molder
2022. Shelving Issues: Patrolling the Boundaries of Democratic Discussion in Public Meetings. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 41:6 ► pp. 685 ff.
van der Meij, Sofie, Myrte Gosen & Annerose Willemsen
2024. ‘Yes? I have no idea’: teacher turns containing epistemic disclaimers in upper primary school whole-class discussions. Classroom Discourse 15:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
van Dijk, Teun A. & Encarna Atienza
2011. Knowledge and discourse in secondary school social science textbooks. Discourse Studies 13:1 ► pp. 93 ff.
Vandepitte, Sonia, Liselotte Vandenbussche & Brecht Algoet
2011. Travelling Certainties. The Translator 17:2 ► pp. 275 ff.
Vincze, Laura & Isabella Poggi
2022. Multimodal signals of high commitment in expert-to-expert contexts. Discourse & Communication 16:6 ► pp. 693 ff.
Vine, Bernadette
2016. Pragmatic Markers at Work in New Zealand. In Talking at Work, ► pp. 1 ff.
Wang, Qian
2020. A corpus-based contrastive analysis ofI thinkin spoken Hong Kong English: Research from the International Corpus of English (ICE). Australian Journal of Linguistics 40:3 ► pp. 319 ff.
Wang, Wei & Hongyin Tao
2020. Chapter 6. From matrix clause to turn expansion. In Emergent Syntax for Conversation [Studies in Language and Social Interaction, 32], ► pp. 151 ff.
Watkins, Jessica, David Hammer, Jennifer Radoff, Lama Z. Jaber & Anna M. Phillips
2018. Positioning as not‐understanding: The value of showing uncertainty for engaging in science. Journal of Research in Science Teaching 55:4 ► pp. 573 ff.
Watkins, Jessica & Merredith Portsmore
2022. Designing for Framing in Online Teacher Education: Supporting Teachers’ Attending to Student Thinking in Video Discussions of Classroom Engineering. Journal of Teacher Education 73:4 ► pp. 352 ff.
Weatherall, Ann
2011. I don't knowas a Prepositioned Epistemic Hedge. Research on Language & Social Interaction 44:4 ► pp. 317 ff.
Weatherall, Ann & Leelo Keevallik
2016. When Claims of Understanding Are Less Than Affiliative. Research on Language and Social Interaction 49:3 ► pp. 167 ff.
Welink, Lisanne S., Tessa C. van Charldorp, Laura Di Colandrea, Marie‐Louise L. Bartelink, Peter Pype, Roger A.M.J. Damoiseaux & Esther de Groot
2021. Bidirectional learning opportunities: How GP‐supervisors and trainees exchange knowledge. Medical Education 55:12 ► pp. 1407 ff.
West, Marion
2023. Advice Resistance in Undergraduate Supervision Meetings: The Competing Relevance of Expertise and Experience. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 42:5-6 ► pp. 589 ff.
Wildner, Nikolaus
2021. “ze davar shehu ktsat muzar [That’s a thing which is a bit strange]”:The |ze (copula) NP she‑Relative Clause|—Construction in Spoken Hebrew DiscourseDiscussion. Yod :23 ► pp. 85 ff.
Wilkinson, Sue & Ann Weatherall
2011. Insertion Repair. Research on Language & Social Interaction 44:1 ► pp. 65 ff.
Wilton, Antje
2020. “We have a grandios saison gespielt” – English as a lingua franca in media sports interviews. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca 9:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Wilton, Antje
2021. Epistemics in post‐match interviews: A focus on questioning turn design. International Journal of Applied Linguistics 31:1 ► pp. 132 ff.
Wingard, Leah
2022. Reconsidering emotion socialization research using case studies of naturally-occurring parent–child interaction. Qualitative Research in Psychology 19:2 ► pp. 446 ff.
Woodhams, Jay M.
2019. The Political Priest: Multiple Stances, Multiple Selves. In Political Identity in Discourse, ► pp. 187 ff.
Xu, Fang & Rongping Cao
2022. Epistemic Stance in Chinese L2 Spoken English: The Effect of Grade and Genre-Specific Questions. Languages 8:1 ► pp. 15 ff.
Yap, Foong Ha & Winnie Oi-Wan Chor
2014. Epistemic, evidential and attitudinal markers in clause-medial position in Cantonese. In Modes of Modality [Studies in Language Companion Series, 149], ► pp. 219 ff.
Yu, Jianping, Jilin Fu, Tana Bai & Xueping Xu
2022. Review and data mining of linguistic studies of English modal verbs. WIREs Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery 12:4
Yue, Yan & Canzhong Wu
2022. Epistemic stance in the translations of Chinese medicine classics: a case study of Huang Di Nei Jing
. Text & Talk 42:2 ► pp. 279 ff.
Zadunaisky Ehrlich, Sara
2019. Paradigmatic literacy features in children’s argumentation in peer talk. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy 19:2 ► pp. 224 ff.
Zhang, Grace
2016. Elastic language in TV discussion discourse. International Journal of Chinese Linguistics 3:2 ► pp. 245 ff.
Zhang, Grace Q. & Peyman G. P. Sabet
2016. Elastic ‘I think’: Stretching Over L1 and L2. Applied Linguistics 37:3 ► pp. 334 ff.
Zhou, Jiehan, Changrong Yu & Jukka Riekki
2009. 2009 Symposia and Workshops on Ubiquitous, Autonomic and Trusted Computing, ► pp. 544 ff.
Zhou, Yan
2019. What are speakers doing when they pretend to be uncertain?. Chinese Language and Discourse. An International and Interdisciplinary Journal 10:2 ► pp. 187 ff.
Øygardslia, Kristine
2018. ‘But this isn’t school’: exploring tensions in the intersection between school and leisure activities in classroom game design. Learning, Media and Technology 43:1 ► pp. 85 ff.
[no author supplied]
2013. You Can Quote Me On That: Defining Quotation. In Quotatives, ► pp. 34 ff.
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
2016. References. In Sociolinguistic Styles, ► pp. 192 ff.
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
2018. Bibliography. In Discourse Readjustment(s) in Contemporary English, ► pp. 335 ff.
[no author supplied]
2021. Fundamentals of Sociopragmatics. In The Cambridge Handbook of Sociopragmatics, ► pp. 13 ff.
[no author supplied]
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 16 april 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
Subjects
Main BIC Subject
CF: Linguistics
Main BISAC Subject
LAN009000: LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / General