286016285 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code AALS 14 GE 15 9789027268525 06 10.1075/aals.14 13 2015012391 00 EA E133 10 01 JB code AALS 02 JB code 1875-1113 02 14.00 01 02 AILA Applied Linguistics Series AILA Applied Linguistics Series 01 01 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness 1 B01 01 JB code 189185039 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2 Z01 01 JB code 718229754 Staci Defibaugh Defibaugh, Staci Staci Defibaugh University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 01 eng 11 290 03 03 xi 03 00 279 03 24 JB code LIN.APPL Applied linguistics 24 JB code LIN.LA Language acquisition 24 JB code LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 24 JB code LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 10 LAN009000 12 CFG 01 06 02 00 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness brings together the work of linguists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and second language experts in order to provide readers with a snapshot of the possibilities for studying im/politeness in the 21st century. 03 00 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness brings together the work of linguists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and second language experts in order to provide readers with a snapshot of the possibilities for studying im/politeness in the 21st century. The volume is organized along methodological lines in three parts each preceded by a brief introduction outlining the evolution and advantages and disadvantages of the relevant methodologies, while a specially commissioned epilogue places the volume in the field as a whole. Part I is dedicated to self-reporting studies, Part II covers observational studies, and Part III introduces experimental studies. A central goal of the present collection is to make a case for the relevance of all these types of data and of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to the ongoing theoretical debates in the field of im/politeness. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/aals.14.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027205322.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027205322.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/aals.14.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/aals.14.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/aals.14.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/aals.14.hb.png 01 01 JB code aals.14.s1 06 10.1075/aals.14.s1 Section header 1 01 04 Introduction Introduction 01 01 JB code aals.14.001int 06 10.1075/aals.14.001int vii xii 6 Article 2 01 04 Introduction Introduction 01 04 Bridging theory and practice in im/politeness research Bridging theory and practice in im/politeness research 1 A01 01 JB code 896238058 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi 01 01 JB code aals.14.s2 06 10.1075/aals.14.s2 Section header 3 01 04 Self-reporting Studies Self-reporting Studies 01 01 JB code aals.14.01int 06 10.1075/aals.14.01int 1 6 6 Article 4 01 04 Introduction to Part I Introduction to Part I 01 01 JB code aals.14.02luc 06 10.1075/aals.14.02luc 7 40 34 Article 5 01 04 Social deixis in motion Social deixis in motion 01 04 The case of `COMRADE' in Russian and Mandarin Chinese The case of ‘COMRADE’ in Russian and Mandarin Chinese 1 A01 01 JB code 371238059 Tatiana Luchkina Luchkina, Tatiana Tatiana Luchkina 01 01 JB code aals.14.03ver 06 10.1075/aals.14.03ver 41 70 30 Article 6 01 04 The M-word The M-word 01 04 A Greek collocation between solidarity and insult A Greek collocation between solidarity and insult 1 A01 01 JB code 713238060 Nikos Vergis Vergis, Nikos Nikos Vergis 2 A01 01 JB code 783238061 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi 01 01 JB code aals.14.04mer 06 10.1075/aals.14.04mer 71 90 20 Article 7 01 04 "There's not a lot of negotiation" “There’s not a lot of negotiation” 01 04 Address terms in an academic department Address terms in an academic department 1 A01 01 JB code 211238062 Susan Meredith Burt Burt, Susan Meredith Susan Meredith Burt 01 01 JB code aals.14.s3 06 10.1075/aals.14.s3 Section header 8 01 04 Observational Studies Observational Studies 01 01 JB code aals.14.05int 06 10.1075/aals.14.05int 91 96 6 Article 9 01 04 Introduction to Part II Introduction to Part II 01 01 JB code aals.14.06seo 06 10.1075/aals.14.06seo 97 120 24 Article 10 01 04 Korean honorifics beyond politeness markers Korean honorifics beyond politeness markers 01 04 Change of footing through shifting of speech style Change of footing through shifting of speech style 1 A01 01 JB code 518238063 Sang-Seok Yoon Yoon, Sang-Seok Sang-Seok Yoon 01 01 JB code aals.14.07mit 06 10.1075/aals.14.07mit 121 148 28 Article 11 01 04 Goading as a social action Goading as a social action 01 04 Non-impolite evaluations in targeted banter Non-impolite evaluations in targeted banter 1 A01 01 JB code 966238064 Nathaniel Mitchell Mitchell, Nathaniel Nathaniel Mitchell 01 01 JB code aals.14.08per 06 10.1075/aals.14.08per 149 180 32 Article 12 01 04 Shaming, group face, and identity construction in a Russian virtual community for women Shaming, group face, and identity construction in a Russian virtual community for women 1 A01 01 JB code 188238065 Renee Perelmutter Perelmutter, Renee Renee Perelmutter 01 01 JB code aals.14.s4 06 10.1075/aals.14.s4 Section header 13 01 04 Experimental Studies Experimental Studies 01 01 JB code aals.14.09int 06 10.1075/aals.14.09int 181 186 6 Article 14 01 04 Introduction to Part III Introduction to Part III 01 01 JB code aals.14.10bax 06 10.1075/aals.14.10bax 187 212 26 Article 15 01 04 Interactional competence and politeness Interactional competence and politeness 01 04 Native and non-native perceptions of collaborative talk in Spanish Native and non-native perceptions of collaborative talk in Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 726238066 Robert Patrick Baxter Baxter, Robert Patrick Robert Patrick Baxter 01 01 JB code aals.14.11rai 06 10.1075/aals.14.11rai 213 238 26 Article 16 01 04 Using eye-tracking to examine the reading of texts containing taboo words Using eye-tracking to examine the reading of texts containing taboo words 1 A01 01 JB code 96238067 Adina Raizen Raizen, Adina Adina Raizen 2 A01 01 JB code 174238068 Nikos Vergis Vergis, Nikos Nikos Vergis 3 A01 01 JB code 399238069 Kiel Christianson Christianson, Kiel Kiel Christianson 01 01 JB code aals.14.12jia 06 10.1075/aals.14.12jia 239 266 28 Article 17 01 04 Impoliteness electrified Impoliteness electrified 01 04 ERPs reveal the real time processing of disrespectful reference in Mandarin utterance comprehension ERPs reveal the real time processing of disrespectful reference in Mandarin utterance comprehension 1 A01 01 JB code 871238070 Xiaoming Jiang Jiang, Xiaoming Xiaoming Jiang 2 A01 01 JB code 86238071 Xiaolin Zhou Zhou, Xiaolin Xiaolin Zhou 01 01 JB code aals.14.s5 06 10.1075/aals.14.s5 Section header 18 01 04 Epilogue Epilogue 01 01 JB code aals.14.13cul 06 10.1075/aals.14.13cul 267 276 10 Article 19 01 04 Epilogue Epilogue 01 04 The "How" and the "What" of (Im)politeness The “How” and the “What” of (Im)politeness 1 A01 01 JB code 292238072 Jonathan Culpeper Culpeper, Jonathan Jonathan Culpeper 01 01 JB code aals.14.14ind 06 10.1075/aals.14.14ind 277 280 4 Article 20 01 04 Index Index 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20150528 C 2015 John Benjamins D 2015 John Benjamins 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027205322 WORLD 03 01 JB 17 Google 03 https://play.google.com/store/books 21 01 00 Unqualified price 00 95.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 00 80.00 GBP 01 00 Unqualified price 00 143.00 USD 240011369 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code AALS 14 Hb 15 9789027205322 06 10.1075/aals.14 13 2015006535 00 BB 08 655 gr 10 01 JB code AALS 02 1875-1113 02 14.00 01 02 AILA Applied Linguistics Series AILA Applied Linguistics Series 01 01 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness 1 B01 01 JB code 189185039 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/189185039 2 Z01 01 JB code 718229754 Staci Defibaugh Defibaugh, Staci Staci Defibaugh University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/718229754 01 eng 11 290 03 03 xi 03 00 279 03 01 23 306.44 03 2015 P299.H66 04 Politeness (Linguistics) 04 Interpersonal communication. 04 Interpersonal relations. 04 Interdisciplinary approach in education. 04 Perspective (Linguistics) 10 LAN009000 12 CFG 24 JB code LIN.APPL Applied linguistics 24 JB code LIN.LA Language acquisition 24 JB code LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 24 JB code LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 01 06 02 00 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness brings together the work of linguists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and second language experts in order to provide readers with a snapshot of the possibilities for studying im/politeness in the 21st century. 03 00 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness brings together the work of linguists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and second language experts in order to provide readers with a snapshot of the possibilities for studying im/politeness in the 21st century. The volume is organized along methodological lines in three parts each preceded by a brief introduction outlining the evolution and advantages and disadvantages of the relevant methodologies, while a specially commissioned epilogue places the volume in the field as a whole. Part I is dedicated to self-reporting studies, Part II covers observational studies, and Part III introduces experimental studies. A central goal of the present collection is to make a case for the relevance of all these types of data and of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to the ongoing theoretical debates in the field of im/politeness. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/aals.14.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027205322.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027205322.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/aals.14.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/aals.14.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/aals.14.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/aals.14.hb.png 01 01 JB code aals.14.s1 06 10.1075/aals.14.s1 Section header 1 01 04 Introduction Introduction 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.001int 06 10.1075/aals.14.001int vii xii 6 Article 2 01 04 Introduction Introduction 01 04 Bridging theory and practice in im/politeness research Bridging theory and practice in im/politeness research 1 A01 01 JB code 896238058 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/896238058 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.s2 06 10.1075/aals.14.s2 Section header 3 01 04 Self-reporting Studies Self-reporting Studies 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.01int 06 10.1075/aals.14.01int 1 6 6 Article 4 01 04 Introduction to Part I Introduction to Part I 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.02luc 06 10.1075/aals.14.02luc 7 40 34 Article 5 01 04 Social deixis in motion Social deixis in motion 01 04 The case of `COMRADE' in Russian and Mandarin Chinese The case of ‘COMRADE’ in Russian and Mandarin Chinese 1 A01 01 JB code 371238059 Tatiana Luchkina Luchkina, Tatiana Tatiana Luchkina 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/371238059 01 eng 30 00 The address term COMRADE in the 20th century Russian and Mandarin Chinese presents an attempt to neutralize and compress the category of formal address by collapsing in a single lexeme the dimensions of power, social distance, age, and gender differentials. This situation-dependent variability of politeness-import proved to be of limited efficacy on the more global, paradigmatic scale. With COMRADE falling out of use in the late 20th century, the current tendency in Russian and Mandarin is to reinforce novel forms of address and/or recover select obsolescent ATs. Both strategies suggest the contemporary address systems of these languages show a trend against reduction and towards populating the paradigm of generic address with ATs whose politeness import is specific and stable. 01 01 JB code aals.14.03ver 06 10.1075/aals.14.03ver 41 70 30 Article 6 01 04 The M-word The M-word 01 04 A Greek collocation between solidarity and insult A Greek collocation between solidarity and insult 1 A01 01 JB code 713238060 Nikos Vergis Vergis, Nikos Nikos Vergis 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/713238060 2 A01 01 JB code 783238061 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/783238061 01 eng 30 00 We investigate the conventionalization of mock impoliteness through a study of the Greek collocation re malaka, which can be construed as either solidary (dude) or insulting (asshole). Questionnaire results showed that the solidary sense prevails across the board, in contrast to the insulting sense, about which consensus was much lower. We propose that, when the expression is used between young males in a close relationship, the Banter Principle (Leech 1983) is no longer in operation and no inference is needed to disambiguate the interactional import of the collocation. Rather, the solidary sense, having resulted from a “conventionalization of invited inferences” (Traugott 1999), is activated automatically in this “minimal context” (Terkourafi 2005). Our study has implications for the debates on the inherent nature of im/politeness and on the semantics/pragmatics interface from the perspective of im/politeness research. 01 01 JB code aals.14.04mer 06 10.1075/aals.14.04mer 71 90 20 Article 7 01 04 "There's not a lot of negotiation" “There’s not a lot of negotiation” 01 04 Address terms in an academic department Address terms in an academic department 1 A01 01 JB code 211238062 Susan M. Burt Burt, Susan M. Susan M. Burt 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/211238062 01 eng 30 00 One way that communities with status or power hierarchy can mark hierarchical relationships is by means of address. Community members may differ in attitude towards the hierarchy and prefer address reflecting imagined or preferred social distance, or social meanings other than the classic power-solidarity semantic of Brown and Gilman (1960). This paper reports on research within an academic unit, in which members of different “ranks,” undergraduate student, graduate student, and faculty, participated in group interviews on the topic of address terms. Different relational and interactional goals emerge for each group. While faculty are sometimes willing to make their varied address preferences clear, students find faculty preferences less than transparent. Graduate students face difficult choices, needing to negotiate address preferences with their undergraduate students as well as with faculty. 01 01 JB code aals.14.s3 06 10.1075/aals.14.s3 Section header 8 01 04 Observational Studies Observational Studies 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.05int 06 10.1075/aals.14.05int 91 96 6 Article 9 01 04 Introduction to Part II Introduction to Part II 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.06seo 06 10.1075/aals.14.06seo 97 120 24 Article 10 01 04 Korean honorifics beyond politeness markers Korean honorifics beyond politeness markers 01 04 Change of footing through shifting of speech style Change of footing through shifting of speech style 1 A01 01 JB code 518238063 Sang-Seok Yoon Yoon, Sang-Seok Sang-Seok Yoon 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/518238063 01 eng 30 00 The purpose of this study is to show that Korean honorifics are not mere politeness markers or linguistic forms that speakers use passively, following social conventions. Rather, they are social indexes that can be used to construct one’s identity or change footing (Goffman 1981) in a given social context. The traditional understanding of honorifics has regarded them as linguistic forms reflecting relative social-positional differences and has assumed that social structure and language use have a one-to-one relationship. However, recent studies on honorifics argue that speakers of languages with an honorific system do not always choose honorifics passively based on social norms but sometimes actively and strategically choose honorific forms to meet the demands of a given context. From the perspective of social constructivism, this study examines conversations in Korean TV shows and demonstrates that Korean speakers often switch speech style from honorific to non-honorific without being rude. The present study argues that Korean speakers on TV constantly change footing and create shifting identities in order to make conversation dynamic and fun. 01 01 JB code aals.14.07mit 06 10.1075/aals.14.07mit 121 148 28 Article 11 01 04 Goading as a social action Goading as a social action 01 04 Non-impolite evaluations in targeted banter Non-impolite evaluations in targeted banter 1 A01 01 JB code 966238064 Nathaniel Mitchell Mitchell, Nathaniel Nathaniel Mitchell 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/966238064 01 eng 30 00 This paper addresses particular social actions present in a data set of short message emails where interactants use potentially impolite strategies frequently. The particular social action under analysis here is that of goading, a term coined to describe targeted banter (banter directed toward a ratified participant in interaction). However, evaluations of impoliteness are not always shared across participants in these goading sequences, as follow-up interviews show some disaffiliation between individual participants’ understanding of the prior turns. It is more common in this data set to find tokens of goading being evaluated as non-impolite rather than impolite, suggesting that participants perceive the humorous nature of goading. Yet, among a tiny community of practice of only four individuals, even these non-impolite evaluations are not always shared. This paper attempts to add to the empirical study of im/politeness to account for goading as a type of banter or jocular mockery and situate it in the ever-increasing set of actions which cannot be straightforwardly categorized as second-order politeness or as impoliteness. 01 01 JB code aals.14.08per 06 10.1075/aals.14.08per 149 180 32 Article 12 01 04 Shaming, group face, and identity construction in a Russian virtual community for women Shaming, group face, and identity construction in a Russian virtual community for women 1 A01 01 JB code 188238065 Renee Perelmutter Perelmutter, Renee Renee Perelmutter 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/188238065 01 eng 30 00 Impoliteness, often described as non-cooperative and norm-disrupting verbal behavior (Keinpointner 2008; Culpeper et al. 2003; Beebe 1995), can also serve important sociability functions. When tension is present between individual and group face wants, impoliteness can be used to establish, reinforce, or (re)negotiate values salient to the group (Culpeper 2011; Lea at al. 1992; Graham 2007). The intersection of impoliteness with group face concerns is especially important in polylogous online contexts (Blitvich 2010; Lorenzo-Dus at al. 2011; Perelmutter 2013). This study examines the intersection between individual and group face concerns by examining impoliteness in an online Russian-language forum dedicated to discussions of marital infidelity. This forum is frequented by both mistresses and cheated-upon wives. Mistresses post confessions, expecting and sometimes even soliciting shaming responses from other forum members; wives engage in troubles-telling and are mocked by mistresses; mistresses and wives insult and shame each other. Since the overarching societal norms and expectations of family mores and gendered behavior in the post-Soviet society are often unclear, these shaming practices help Russian-speaking women construct and negotiate their identities within a group of peers. These negotiations integrate individual, group, and societal face concerns. 01 01 JB code aals.14.s4 06 10.1075/aals.14.s4 Section header 13 01 04 Experimental Studies Experimental Studies 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.09int 06 10.1075/aals.14.09int 181 186 6 Article 14 01 04 Introduction to Part III Introduction to Part III 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.10bax 06 10.1075/aals.14.10bax 187 212 26 Article 15 01 04 Interactional competence and politeness Interactional competence and politeness 01 04 Native and non-native perceptions of collaborative talk in Spanish Native and non-native perceptions of collaborative talk in Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 726238066 Robert Patrick Baxter Baxter, Robert Patrick Robert Patrick Baxter 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/726238066 01 eng 30 00 Few studies in politeness research have examined perception, and even fewer have examined perception at the level of discourse. Salient characteristics of discourse, turn-taking and collaborative talk have been linked to politeness. This study approaches collaborative talk from an unexplored perspective: experimental testing of speaker perception of collaborative talk according to the features of content and timing. This study quantitatively compared native and non-native perceptions of dialogues in Spanish, employing a new aural task which presented listeners with a turn followed by multiple possible responses. The instrument measured the perceived appropriateness of content (matched vs. unmatched) and timing in overlap, and how additional factors influenced perception. Evaluation of collaborative talk was influenced by different features for natives and non-natives. 01 01 JB code aals.14.11rai 06 10.1075/aals.14.11rai 213 238 26 Article 16 01 04 Using eye-tracking to examine the reading of texts containing taboo words Using eye-tracking to examine the reading of texts containing taboo words 1 A01 01 JB code 96238067 Adina Raizen Raizen, Adina Adina Raizen 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/96238067 2 A01 01 JB code 174238068 Nikos Vergis Vergis, Nikos Nikos Vergis 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/174238068 3 A01 01 JB code 399238069 Kiel Christianson Christianson, Kiel Kiel Christianson 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/399238069 01 eng 30 00 Experimental pragmatics research on (im)politeness generally employs “off-line” methodologies, meaning that data reflect ratings or understanding of given texts or interactions after they have been processed. “On-line” methods allow for moment-by-moment data collection as input is processed. We discuss advantages of using one on-line method, eye-tracking, in experimental pragmatics research. We also consider experimental design difficulties inherent in creating stimuli. We take as a specific example a recent study of how readers process English taboo words portrayed as being uttered by more or less typical speakers in more or less appropriate situations. We demonstrate early influences of pragmatic information, essentially concurrent with lexical access. The timing of these influences in the ongoing language processing cannot be captured using off-line methods. Further, our on-line data suggest that part of impoliteness judgments may be formed before they reach the threshold of conscious understanding. 01 01 JB code aals.14.12jia 06 10.1075/aals.14.12jia 239 266 28 Article 17 01 04 Impoliteness electrified Impoliteness electrified 01 04 ERPs reveal the real time processing of disrespectful reference in Mandarin utterance comprehension ERPs reveal the real time processing of disrespectful reference in Mandarin utterance comprehension 1 A01 01 JB code 871238070 Xiaoming Jiang Jiang, Xiaoming Xiaoming Jiang 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/871238070 2 A01 01 JB code 86238071 Xiaolin Zhou Zhou, Xiaolin Xiaolin Zhou 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/86238071 01 eng 30 00 Being polite is an effective way to facilitate interpersonal communication. One of the key issues is how the human cognitive system perceives verbal politeness and deals with the cases in which politeness principles are violated. By using event-related potentials (ERPs), we aim to address the nature of real time processing of disrespectful reference in Mandarin utterance interpretation. The consistency between the social status of the communicating partners and the use of second-person pronoun was manipulated as a testing case. Participants read utterances in which the social status of the communicating partners was either consistent with the pronoun (e.g. respectful) or violated the pronoun (e.g. disrespectful), while undergoing the recording of electrophysiological activity on the scalp. Earlier research has demonstrated that semantic, syntactic and inferential pragmatic processing could be manifested in different ERP effects. Our ERP findings demonstrated that successful handling of disrespectful address may engage semantic-pragmatic mechanisms (as reflected by a N400 and late negativity effect), rather than a mechanism dealing with grammatical error. Moreover, the ERP responses were modulated by individual differences in tolerance to the disrespectful usage, gender, and social interactive ability. These ERP indices of real time processing of disrespectful utterances are consistent with the “conventionalization view” in im/politeness theory (Culpeper 2011; Terkourafi 2002, 2003, 2005). 01 01 JB code aals.14.s5 06 10.1075/aals.14.s5 Section header 18 01 04 Epilogue Epilogue 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.13cul 06 10.1075/aals.14.13cul 267 276 10 Article 19 01 04 Epilogue Epilogue 01 04 The "How" and the "What" of (Im)politeness The “How” and the “What” of (Im)politeness 1 A01 01 JB code 292238072 Jonathan Culpeper Culpeper, Jonathan Jonathan Culpeper 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/292238072 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.14ind 06 10.1075/aals.14.14ind 277 280 4 Article 20 01 04 Index Index 01 eng 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/aals.14 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20150528 C 2015 John Benjamins D 2015 John Benjamins 02 WORLD WORLD US CA MX 09 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 21 13 20 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 95.00 EUR 02 00 Unqualified price 02 80.00 01 Z 0 GBP GB US CA MX 01 01 JB 2 John Benjamins Publishing Company +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 21 13 20 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 143.00 USD 286016285 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code AALS 14 GE 15 9789027268525 06 10.1075/aals.14 13 2015012391 00 EA E133 10 01 JB code AALS 02 JB code 1875-1113 02 14.00 01 02 AILA Applied Linguistics Series AILA Applied Linguistics Series 01 01 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness 1 B01 01 JB code 189185039 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2 Z01 01 JB code 718229754 Staci Defibaugh Defibaugh, Staci Staci Defibaugh University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 01 eng 11 290 03 03 xi 03 00 279 03 24 JB code LIN.APPL Applied linguistics 24 JB code LIN.LA Language acquisition 24 JB code LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 24 JB code LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 10 LAN009000 12 CFG 01 06 02 00 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness brings together the work of linguists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and second language experts in order to provide readers with a snapshot of the possibilities for studying im/politeness in the 21st century. 03 00 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness brings together the work of linguists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and second language experts in order to provide readers with a snapshot of the possibilities for studying im/politeness in the 21st century. The volume is organized along methodological lines in three parts each preceded by a brief introduction outlining the evolution and advantages and disadvantages of the relevant methodologies, while a specially commissioned epilogue places the volume in the field as a whole. Part I is dedicated to self-reporting studies, Part II covers observational studies, and Part III introduces experimental studies. A central goal of the present collection is to make a case for the relevance of all these types of data and of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to the ongoing theoretical debates in the field of im/politeness. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/aals.14.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027205322.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027205322.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/aals.14.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/aals.14.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/aals.14.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/aals.14.hb.png 01 01 JB code aals.14.s1 06 10.1075/aals.14.s1 Section header 1 01 04 Introduction Introduction 01 01 JB code aals.14.001int 06 10.1075/aals.14.001int vii xii 6 Article 2 01 04 Introduction Introduction 01 04 Bridging theory and practice in im/politeness research Bridging theory and practice in im/politeness research 1 A01 01 JB code 896238058 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi 01 01 JB code aals.14.s2 06 10.1075/aals.14.s2 Section header 3 01 04 Self-reporting Studies Self-reporting Studies 01 01 JB code aals.14.01int 06 10.1075/aals.14.01int 1 6 6 Article 4 01 04 Introduction to Part I Introduction to Part I 01 01 JB code aals.14.02luc 06 10.1075/aals.14.02luc 7 40 34 Article 5 01 04 Social deixis in motion Social deixis in motion 01 04 The case of `COMRADE' in Russian and Mandarin Chinese The case of ‘COMRADE’ in Russian and Mandarin Chinese 1 A01 01 JB code 371238059 Tatiana Luchkina Luchkina, Tatiana Tatiana Luchkina 01 01 JB code aals.14.03ver 06 10.1075/aals.14.03ver 41 70 30 Article 6 01 04 The M-word The M-word 01 04 A Greek collocation between solidarity and insult A Greek collocation between solidarity and insult 1 A01 01 JB code 713238060 Nikos Vergis Vergis, Nikos Nikos Vergis 2 A01 01 JB code 783238061 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi 01 01 JB code aals.14.04mer 06 10.1075/aals.14.04mer 71 90 20 Article 7 01 04 "There's not a lot of negotiation" “There’s not a lot of negotiation” 01 04 Address terms in an academic department Address terms in an academic department 1 A01 01 JB code 211238062 Susan Meredith Burt Burt, Susan Meredith Susan Meredith Burt 01 01 JB code aals.14.s3 06 10.1075/aals.14.s3 Section header 8 01 04 Observational Studies Observational Studies 01 01 JB code aals.14.05int 06 10.1075/aals.14.05int 91 96 6 Article 9 01 04 Introduction to Part II Introduction to Part II 01 01 JB code aals.14.06seo 06 10.1075/aals.14.06seo 97 120 24 Article 10 01 04 Korean honorifics beyond politeness markers Korean honorifics beyond politeness markers 01 04 Change of footing through shifting of speech style Change of footing through shifting of speech style 1 A01 01 JB code 518238063 Sang-Seok Yoon Yoon, Sang-Seok Sang-Seok Yoon 01 01 JB code aals.14.07mit 06 10.1075/aals.14.07mit 121 148 28 Article 11 01 04 Goading as a social action Goading as a social action 01 04 Non-impolite evaluations in targeted banter Non-impolite evaluations in targeted banter 1 A01 01 JB code 966238064 Nathaniel Mitchell Mitchell, Nathaniel Nathaniel Mitchell 01 01 JB code aals.14.08per 06 10.1075/aals.14.08per 149 180 32 Article 12 01 04 Shaming, group face, and identity construction in a Russian virtual community for women Shaming, group face, and identity construction in a Russian virtual community for women 1 A01 01 JB code 188238065 Renee Perelmutter Perelmutter, Renee Renee Perelmutter 01 01 JB code aals.14.s4 06 10.1075/aals.14.s4 Section header 13 01 04 Experimental Studies Experimental Studies 01 01 JB code aals.14.09int 06 10.1075/aals.14.09int 181 186 6 Article 14 01 04 Introduction to Part III Introduction to Part III 01 01 JB code aals.14.10bax 06 10.1075/aals.14.10bax 187 212 26 Article 15 01 04 Interactional competence and politeness Interactional competence and politeness 01 04 Native and non-native perceptions of collaborative talk in Spanish Native and non-native perceptions of collaborative talk in Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 726238066 Robert Patrick Baxter Baxter, Robert Patrick Robert Patrick Baxter 01 01 JB code aals.14.11rai 06 10.1075/aals.14.11rai 213 238 26 Article 16 01 04 Using eye-tracking to examine the reading of texts containing taboo words Using eye-tracking to examine the reading of texts containing taboo words 1 A01 01 JB code 96238067 Adina Raizen Raizen, Adina Adina Raizen 2 A01 01 JB code 174238068 Nikos Vergis Vergis, Nikos Nikos Vergis 3 A01 01 JB code 399238069 Kiel Christianson Christianson, Kiel Kiel Christianson 01 01 JB code aals.14.12jia 06 10.1075/aals.14.12jia 239 266 28 Article 17 01 04 Impoliteness electrified Impoliteness electrified 01 04 ERPs reveal the real time processing of disrespectful reference in Mandarin utterance comprehension ERPs reveal the real time processing of disrespectful reference in Mandarin utterance comprehension 1 A01 01 JB code 871238070 Xiaoming Jiang Jiang, Xiaoming Xiaoming Jiang 2 A01 01 JB code 86238071 Xiaolin Zhou Zhou, Xiaolin Xiaolin Zhou 01 01 JB code aals.14.s5 06 10.1075/aals.14.s5 Section header 18 01 04 Epilogue Epilogue 01 01 JB code aals.14.13cul 06 10.1075/aals.14.13cul 267 276 10 Article 19 01 04 Epilogue Epilogue 01 04 The "How" and the "What" of (Im)politeness The “How” and the “What” of (Im)politeness 1 A01 01 JB code 292238072 Jonathan Culpeper Culpeper, Jonathan Jonathan Culpeper 01 01 JB code aals.14.14ind 06 10.1075/aals.14.14ind 277 280 4 Article 20 01 04 Index Index 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20150528 C 2015 John Benjamins D 2015 John Benjamins 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027205322 WORLD 03 01 JB 17 Google 03 https://play.google.com/store/books 21 01 00 Unqualified price 00 95.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 00 80.00 GBP 01 00 Unqualified price 00 143.00 USD 143011370 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code AALS 14 Eb 15 9789027268525 06 10.1075/aals.14 13 2015012391 00 EA E107 10 01 JB code AALS 02 1875-1113 02 14.00 01 02 AILA Applied Linguistics Series AILA Applied Linguistics Series 11 01 JB code jbe-all 01 02 Full EBA collection (ca. 4,200 titles) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-all 01 02 Complete backlist (3,208 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Complete backlist (1967–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-linguistics 01 02 Subject collection: Linguistics (2,773 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Linguistics (1967–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-pragmatics 01 02 Subject collection: Pragmatics (804 titles, 1978–2015) 05 02 Pragmatics (1978–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-aals 01 02 AILA Applied Linguistics Series (vols. 1–14, 2008–2015) 05 02 AALS (vols. 1–14, 2008–2015) 01 01 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness 1 B01 01 JB code 189185039 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/189185039 2 Z01 01 JB code 718229754 Staci Defibaugh Defibaugh, Staci Staci Defibaugh University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/718229754 01 eng 11 290 03 03 xi 03 00 279 03 01 23 306.44 03 2015 P299.H66 04 Politeness (Linguistics) 04 Interpersonal communication. 04 Interpersonal relations. 04 Interdisciplinary approach in education. 04 Perspective (Linguistics) 10 LAN009000 12 CFG 24 JB code LIN.APPL Applied linguistics 24 JB code LIN.LA Language acquisition 24 JB code LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 24 JB code LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 01 06 02 00 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness brings together the work of linguists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and second language experts in order to provide readers with a snapshot of the possibilities for studying im/politeness in the 21st century. 03 00 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness brings together the work of linguists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and second language experts in order to provide readers with a snapshot of the possibilities for studying im/politeness in the 21st century. The volume is organized along methodological lines in three parts each preceded by a brief introduction outlining the evolution and advantages and disadvantages of the relevant methodologies, while a specially commissioned epilogue places the volume in the field as a whole. Part I is dedicated to self-reporting studies, Part II covers observational studies, and Part III introduces experimental studies. A central goal of the present collection is to make a case for the relevance of all these types of data and of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to the ongoing theoretical debates in the field of im/politeness. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/aals.14.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027205322.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027205322.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/aals.14.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/aals.14.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/aals.14.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/aals.14.hb.png 01 01 JB code aals.14.s1 06 10.1075/aals.14.s1 Section header 1 01 04 Introduction Introduction 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.001int 06 10.1075/aals.14.001int vii xii 6 Article 2 01 04 Introduction Introduction 01 04 Bridging theory and practice in im/politeness research Bridging theory and practice in im/politeness research 1 A01 01 JB code 896238058 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/896238058 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.s2 06 10.1075/aals.14.s2 Section header 3 01 04 Self-reporting Studies Self-reporting Studies 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.01int 06 10.1075/aals.14.01int 1 6 6 Article 4 01 04 Introduction to Part I Introduction to Part I 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.02luc 06 10.1075/aals.14.02luc 7 40 34 Article 5 01 04 Social deixis in motion Social deixis in motion 01 04 The case of `COMRADE' in Russian and Mandarin Chinese The case of ‘COMRADE’ in Russian and Mandarin Chinese 1 A01 01 JB code 371238059 Tatiana Luchkina Luchkina, Tatiana Tatiana Luchkina 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/371238059 01 eng 30 00 The address term COMRADE in the 20th century Russian and Mandarin Chinese presents an attempt to neutralize and compress the category of formal address by collapsing in a single lexeme the dimensions of power, social distance, age, and gender differentials. This situation-dependent variability of politeness-import proved to be of limited efficacy on the more global, paradigmatic scale. With COMRADE falling out of use in the late 20th century, the current tendency in Russian and Mandarin is to reinforce novel forms of address and/or recover select obsolescent ATs. Both strategies suggest the contemporary address systems of these languages show a trend against reduction and towards populating the paradigm of generic address with ATs whose politeness import is specific and stable. 01 01 JB code aals.14.03ver 06 10.1075/aals.14.03ver 41 70 30 Article 6 01 04 The M-word The M-word 01 04 A Greek collocation between solidarity and insult A Greek collocation between solidarity and insult 1 A01 01 JB code 713238060 Nikos Vergis Vergis, Nikos Nikos Vergis 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/713238060 2 A01 01 JB code 783238061 Marina Terkourafi Terkourafi, Marina Marina Terkourafi 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/783238061 01 eng 30 00 We investigate the conventionalization of mock impoliteness through a study of the Greek collocation re malaka, which can be construed as either solidary (dude) or insulting (asshole). Questionnaire results showed that the solidary sense prevails across the board, in contrast to the insulting sense, about which consensus was much lower. We propose that, when the expression is used between young males in a close relationship, the Banter Principle (Leech 1983) is no longer in operation and no inference is needed to disambiguate the interactional import of the collocation. Rather, the solidary sense, having resulted from a “conventionalization of invited inferences” (Traugott 1999), is activated automatically in this “minimal context” (Terkourafi 2005). Our study has implications for the debates on the inherent nature of im/politeness and on the semantics/pragmatics interface from the perspective of im/politeness research. 01 01 JB code aals.14.04mer 06 10.1075/aals.14.04mer 71 90 20 Article 7 01 04 "There's not a lot of negotiation" “There’s not a lot of negotiation” 01 04 Address terms in an academic department Address terms in an academic department 1 A01 01 JB code 211238062 Susan M. Burt Burt, Susan M. Susan M. Burt 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/211238062 01 eng 30 00 One way that communities with status or power hierarchy can mark hierarchical relationships is by means of address. Community members may differ in attitude towards the hierarchy and prefer address reflecting imagined or preferred social distance, or social meanings other than the classic power-solidarity semantic of Brown and Gilman (1960). This paper reports on research within an academic unit, in which members of different “ranks,” undergraduate student, graduate student, and faculty, participated in group interviews on the topic of address terms. Different relational and interactional goals emerge for each group. While faculty are sometimes willing to make their varied address preferences clear, students find faculty preferences less than transparent. Graduate students face difficult choices, needing to negotiate address preferences with their undergraduate students as well as with faculty. 01 01 JB code aals.14.s3 06 10.1075/aals.14.s3 Section header 8 01 04 Observational Studies Observational Studies 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.05int 06 10.1075/aals.14.05int 91 96 6 Article 9 01 04 Introduction to Part II Introduction to Part II 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.06seo 06 10.1075/aals.14.06seo 97 120 24 Article 10 01 04 Korean honorifics beyond politeness markers Korean honorifics beyond politeness markers 01 04 Change of footing through shifting of speech style Change of footing through shifting of speech style 1 A01 01 JB code 518238063 Sang-Seok Yoon Yoon, Sang-Seok Sang-Seok Yoon 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/518238063 01 eng 30 00 The purpose of this study is to show that Korean honorifics are not mere politeness markers or linguistic forms that speakers use passively, following social conventions. Rather, they are social indexes that can be used to construct one’s identity or change footing (Goffman 1981) in a given social context. The traditional understanding of honorifics has regarded them as linguistic forms reflecting relative social-positional differences and has assumed that social structure and language use have a one-to-one relationship. However, recent studies on honorifics argue that speakers of languages with an honorific system do not always choose honorifics passively based on social norms but sometimes actively and strategically choose honorific forms to meet the demands of a given context. From the perspective of social constructivism, this study examines conversations in Korean TV shows and demonstrates that Korean speakers often switch speech style from honorific to non-honorific without being rude. The present study argues that Korean speakers on TV constantly change footing and create shifting identities in order to make conversation dynamic and fun. 01 01 JB code aals.14.07mit 06 10.1075/aals.14.07mit 121 148 28 Article 11 01 04 Goading as a social action Goading as a social action 01 04 Non-impolite evaluations in targeted banter Non-impolite evaluations in targeted banter 1 A01 01 JB code 966238064 Nathaniel Mitchell Mitchell, Nathaniel Nathaniel Mitchell 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/966238064 01 eng 30 00 This paper addresses particular social actions present in a data set of short message emails where interactants use potentially impolite strategies frequently. The particular social action under analysis here is that of goading, a term coined to describe targeted banter (banter directed toward a ratified participant in interaction). However, evaluations of impoliteness are not always shared across participants in these goading sequences, as follow-up interviews show some disaffiliation between individual participants’ understanding of the prior turns. It is more common in this data set to find tokens of goading being evaluated as non-impolite rather than impolite, suggesting that participants perceive the humorous nature of goading. Yet, among a tiny community of practice of only four individuals, even these non-impolite evaluations are not always shared. This paper attempts to add to the empirical study of im/politeness to account for goading as a type of banter or jocular mockery and situate it in the ever-increasing set of actions which cannot be straightforwardly categorized as second-order politeness or as impoliteness. 01 01 JB code aals.14.08per 06 10.1075/aals.14.08per 149 180 32 Article 12 01 04 Shaming, group face, and identity construction in a Russian virtual community for women Shaming, group face, and identity construction in a Russian virtual community for women 1 A01 01 JB code 188238065 Renee Perelmutter Perelmutter, Renee Renee Perelmutter 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/188238065 01 eng 30 00 Impoliteness, often described as non-cooperative and norm-disrupting verbal behavior (Keinpointner 2008; Culpeper et al. 2003; Beebe 1995), can also serve important sociability functions. When tension is present between individual and group face wants, impoliteness can be used to establish, reinforce, or (re)negotiate values salient to the group (Culpeper 2011; Lea at al. 1992; Graham 2007). The intersection of impoliteness with group face concerns is especially important in polylogous online contexts (Blitvich 2010; Lorenzo-Dus at al. 2011; Perelmutter 2013). This study examines the intersection between individual and group face concerns by examining impoliteness in an online Russian-language forum dedicated to discussions of marital infidelity. This forum is frequented by both mistresses and cheated-upon wives. Mistresses post confessions, expecting and sometimes even soliciting shaming responses from other forum members; wives engage in troubles-telling and are mocked by mistresses; mistresses and wives insult and shame each other. Since the overarching societal norms and expectations of family mores and gendered behavior in the post-Soviet society are often unclear, these shaming practices help Russian-speaking women construct and negotiate their identities within a group of peers. These negotiations integrate individual, group, and societal face concerns. 01 01 JB code aals.14.s4 06 10.1075/aals.14.s4 Section header 13 01 04 Experimental Studies Experimental Studies 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.09int 06 10.1075/aals.14.09int 181 186 6 Article 14 01 04 Introduction to Part III Introduction to Part III 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.10bax 06 10.1075/aals.14.10bax 187 212 26 Article 15 01 04 Interactional competence and politeness Interactional competence and politeness 01 04 Native and non-native perceptions of collaborative talk in Spanish Native and non-native perceptions of collaborative talk in Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 726238066 Robert Patrick Baxter Baxter, Robert Patrick Robert Patrick Baxter 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/726238066 01 eng 30 00 Few studies in politeness research have examined perception, and even fewer have examined perception at the level of discourse. Salient characteristics of discourse, turn-taking and collaborative talk have been linked to politeness. This study approaches collaborative talk from an unexplored perspective: experimental testing of speaker perception of collaborative talk according to the features of content and timing. This study quantitatively compared native and non-native perceptions of dialogues in Spanish, employing a new aural task which presented listeners with a turn followed by multiple possible responses. The instrument measured the perceived appropriateness of content (matched vs. unmatched) and timing in overlap, and how additional factors influenced perception. Evaluation of collaborative talk was influenced by different features for natives and non-natives. 01 01 JB code aals.14.11rai 06 10.1075/aals.14.11rai 213 238 26 Article 16 01 04 Using eye-tracking to examine the reading of texts containing taboo words Using eye-tracking to examine the reading of texts containing taboo words 1 A01 01 JB code 96238067 Adina Raizen Raizen, Adina Adina Raizen 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/96238067 2 A01 01 JB code 174238068 Nikos Vergis Vergis, Nikos Nikos Vergis 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/174238068 3 A01 01 JB code 399238069 Kiel Christianson Christianson, Kiel Kiel Christianson 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/399238069 01 eng 30 00 Experimental pragmatics research on (im)politeness generally employs “off-line” methodologies, meaning that data reflect ratings or understanding of given texts or interactions after they have been processed. “On-line” methods allow for moment-by-moment data collection as input is processed. We discuss advantages of using one on-line method, eye-tracking, in experimental pragmatics research. We also consider experimental design difficulties inherent in creating stimuli. We take as a specific example a recent study of how readers process English taboo words portrayed as being uttered by more or less typical speakers in more or less appropriate situations. We demonstrate early influences of pragmatic information, essentially concurrent with lexical access. The timing of these influences in the ongoing language processing cannot be captured using off-line methods. Further, our on-line data suggest that part of impoliteness judgments may be formed before they reach the threshold of conscious understanding. 01 01 JB code aals.14.12jia 06 10.1075/aals.14.12jia 239 266 28 Article 17 01 04 Impoliteness electrified Impoliteness electrified 01 04 ERPs reveal the real time processing of disrespectful reference in Mandarin utterance comprehension ERPs reveal the real time processing of disrespectful reference in Mandarin utterance comprehension 1 A01 01 JB code 871238070 Xiaoming Jiang Jiang, Xiaoming Xiaoming Jiang 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/871238070 2 A01 01 JB code 86238071 Xiaolin Zhou Zhou, Xiaolin Xiaolin Zhou 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/86238071 01 eng 30 00 Being polite is an effective way to facilitate interpersonal communication. One of the key issues is how the human cognitive system perceives verbal politeness and deals with the cases in which politeness principles are violated. By using event-related potentials (ERPs), we aim to address the nature of real time processing of disrespectful reference in Mandarin utterance interpretation. The consistency between the social status of the communicating partners and the use of second-person pronoun was manipulated as a testing case. Participants read utterances in which the social status of the communicating partners was either consistent with the pronoun (e.g. respectful) or violated the pronoun (e.g. disrespectful), while undergoing the recording of electrophysiological activity on the scalp. Earlier research has demonstrated that semantic, syntactic and inferential pragmatic processing could be manifested in different ERP effects. Our ERP findings demonstrated that successful handling of disrespectful address may engage semantic-pragmatic mechanisms (as reflected by a N400 and late negativity effect), rather than a mechanism dealing with grammatical error. Moreover, the ERP responses were modulated by individual differences in tolerance to the disrespectful usage, gender, and social interactive ability. These ERP indices of real time processing of disrespectful utterances are consistent with the “conventionalization view” in im/politeness theory (Culpeper 2011; Terkourafi 2002, 2003, 2005). 01 01 JB code aals.14.s5 06 10.1075/aals.14.s5 Section header 18 01 04 Epilogue Epilogue 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.13cul 06 10.1075/aals.14.13cul 267 276 10 Article 19 01 04 Epilogue Epilogue 01 04 The "How" and the "What" of (Im)politeness The “How” and the “What” of (Im)politeness 1 A01 01 JB code 292238072 Jonathan Culpeper Culpeper, Jonathan Jonathan Culpeper 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/292238072 01 eng 01 01 JB code aals.14.14ind 06 10.1075/aals.14.14ind 277 280 4 Article 20 01 04 Index Index 01 eng 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/aals.14 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20150528 C 2015 John Benjamins D 2015 John Benjamins 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027205322 WORLD 09 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 https://jbe-platform.com 29 https://jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027268525 21 01 00 Unqualified price 02 95.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 02 80.00 GBP GB 01 00 Unqualified price 02 143.00 USD