Index

• abusive argumentum ad hominem 228, 230, 235, 251

• accountab(i)l(it)y 38, 141, 256–257, 259–260, 262n10, 266, 272, 285, 312, 313–314

• ad hominem see argumentum ad hominem

• adjudication 7, 55n32, 130, 132, 135, 195–196, 213, 219

• advertisement/advertising 5, 77–91, 92, 348

• analytical transformation see reconstructive transformation

• antistrophos 4, 23, 30, 33, 124

• argument(ation) by/from example 6–7, 32, 134, 151–152, 157–175, 324

• argumentation stage 26, 29n27, 31–32, 44n13, 46, 63, 67, 70–71, 74, 78, 81, 94–95, 97–98, 101, 104–105, 127, 134–135, 150, 164, 166, 245, 251, 276, 278, 288, 290–291, 301, 306, 311, 323–333

• argumentation theory 4, 11–14, 16, 18–22, 24–25, 30, 125, 126n7

• argumentative activity type 77–79, 81, 110n4 , 134, 136, 339

• argumentative characterization 29, 29n27, 84, 134–135, 151, 355

• argumentative means and criticisms 29n27, 134–135, 151, 157

• argumentative move 3, 12, 14, 27–29, 38–39, 47–49, 51, 53n30, 55, 124, 126, 128, 178, 181, 196, 232, 244–246, 311, 313–315, 337, 345–346

• argumentative predicament 45

• argumentative strategy 51, 128, 186–188, 226, 229, 266–267

• argumentative technique see technique

• argument scheme 1, 9, 16, 16n7, 82, 94–96, 103, 106, 150, 154, 166, 283, 288, 290, 294, 296–298, 300–301, 323, 325, 330–331, 344

• argument scheme rule 27n24, 55, 301

• argumentum ad hominem 53n30, 227–230, 245

• associated perlocution 43

• audience demand 28, 31, 94, 100, 125–127, 136, 171, 196, 245, 269, 283, 290–293, 296, 313, 315–316, 318, 329–330, 345–346

• background information 342, 348, 353

• Big Rhetoric 16–17, 22

• burden of proof 62, 67–70, 74, 101, 104, 115, 190, 255–256, 258–262, 267, 283, 293, 297

• causal argument(ation) 9, 95, 166, 294, 296–298, 300–301

• Chinese ministry of foreign affairs (MoFA) press conference 225–227, 230–232, 244–252

• circumstantial argumentum ad hominem 228–230, 251

• civic discourse 15n6

• civil proceedings 64–65, 70, 72

• classifying the facts 7, 196, 211, 219

• code of conduct for critical discussion/reasonable discussants 27, 27n24, 229, 244

• communicative act complex 4

• communicative activity type 28–29, 29n27, 32, 54–55, 56, 79, 84, 110–113, 117, 129–136, 151, 179–180, 229–230, 284, 310–311, 313, 322, 331–332

• communicative domain 3–4, 22n18, 28, 129–132, 310

• communion(-seeking) 130, 132, 133n18, 135, 269n2, 313, 319, 346

• comparison argument(ation) 153, 166

• composite audience 311, 315

• conceptualization stage 1

• concluding rule 27n24

• concluding stage 26, 29n27, 31–32, 44n13, 46, 62–63, 67, 73–75, 79, 81, 127, 134–135, 150, 164, 256n1, 277–278, 288, 290–291, 301, 312

• confrontational strategic maneuver(ing)/strategy 128, 139–140

• confrontation stage 26, 29n27, 31–32, 46, 53n30, 62, 67–68, 74, 78, 81, 98, 127, 134–135, 149, 164, 188, 229, 231, 235, 238, 242–245, 257n3, 275, 278, 288, 290–292, 301, 306, 311, 317, 322–323, 327

• consultation 5–6, 78, 84–85, 88, 90, 109–117, 119–120

• context 2–7, 9–10, 20, 24–25, 28–30, 50n23, 54, 55n34, 98, 109–110, 120, 129, 133n17, 135–136, 139–140, 145, 202, 205–206, 212–218, 220, 231, 247, 252, 257, 267, 272, 283–284, 310–311, 314–317, 320–321, 325–327, 331–332, 338–340, 342–343, 347, 349, 355

• contextualization stage 2–3, 344

• conventional acceptability/validity see intersubjective validity

• coordinative argumentation 9, 97, 102n8, 294–298, 300–301, 323–324, 328, 330n22

• corporate social responsibility (CSR) report 318

• correctness condition 38, 40, 101, 104, 168

• critical discussion 1–5, 14, 22n17, 26–29, 31–32, 38, 41, 49–55, 59–62, 68–69, 71–75, 78–79, 81, 83, 98, 114, 123–124, 129, 132, 134, 136, 138, 139n24, 160–161, 164, 182, 184, 184n11, 229, 231–232, 244–245, 251–252, 257n3, 270, 283–284, 288–290, 297, 301–302, 311, 314, 321, 323, 327, 332, 338, 340n2, 343, 343n6, 344

• critical question 71, 83, 96, 103–104, 150, 167, 257, 265, 298–300, 323, 330–331, 338, 344

• debate in the European Parliament 6–7, 83n5, 129, 132, 136n21, 139, 145–157, 159–160, 160n2, 161–166

• deliberation 6, 22n18, 123, 130–135, 141–142, 151, 179–181, 258n4, 284

• democracy 17n8, 130n13, 131, 137–131, 141, 179–181, 216–220, 276, 286–287

• derailment of strategic maneuvering 3–4, 5n26, 5n27, 53, 85, 175, 315, 332

• descriptive standpoint 11–12, 30, 32, 44n13

• dialectical dimension/perspective 3–4, 13–14, 18–19, 20–26, 28, 28n26, 30–33, 39–40, 46–47, 51n26, 52–53, 55, 60–75, 70–79, 85, 94–95, 97–98, 100, 106, 111, 115, 124–125, 128, 138–139, 141, 160–161, 169, 178, 180, 182, 195, 226, 251, 260, 269–270, 275, 277, 302–303, 311, 317, 322–323, 326, 336, 339, 343, 345, 347

• dialectical reasonableness see reasonableness

• dialectical transformation see reconstructive transformation

• dialectification 38

• direct personal attack 232–236, 246–250

• direct-to-consumeradvertisement (DTCA) 5, 77, 80–85

• disclosure 285, 294, 310, 313n9, 314–316, 318, 322, 324n17, 328n21

• discursive technique see technique

• doctor-patient consult(ation) see consultation

• effectiveness 3–4, 14–16, 20, 23–25, 27–28, 30–33, 41–47, 51, 51n25, 53, 79, 81–83, 90, 100, 103, 123–125, 127, 161, 178, 191, 226, 229, 244, 248, 250–270, 275–276, 278, 282–283, 297, 301–303, 311, 313, 318–324, 338

• empirical counterpart four stages 29, 29n30, 81, 134, 257n3

• empiricalization stage 1

• endoxa 13, 30–31, 345n8

• ethos 16, 19, 27n24, 32, 119, 226, 228, 293

• European parliamentary debate see debate in the European Parliament

• European predicament 136n21, 145, 163

• evaluative standpoint 11–12, 30, 32, 352, 354

• extended pragma-dialectics 3–4, 29, 33, 59, 94, 123, 129, 178, 191, 194–195, 229–230, 311

• externalization (stage) 1, 38, 269n7

• extrinsic constraint see institutional precondition

• fallacy 1, 3–5, 7, 13–15, 25, 27–29, 47–56, 95n2, 123, 133n17, 160–161, 168, 173, 190, 226–230, 238, 245, 267, 270, 344

• formal dialectic 13–14, 21, 125, 228

• freedom of speech 7, 148n3, 193–194, 205, 214–221

• freedom rule 27n24, 54n30, 252, 283, 297

• front cover 336, 347–354

• functionalization 37–38

• genre of discourse/oratory 5, 19–20, 78–79, 84–85, 88, 90, 129–135, 151, 171, 181n2, 284, 310, 336–337, 347–348

• governmental crisis communication/discourse 283–284, 303

• hasty generalization 7, 160, 168, 171, 173, 175, 189

• health brochure 5, 93–99, 104–105

• health communication 4, 106

• hyperbole 8, 189–212, 269–278, 347

• ideal model 38–39, 50, 59–60, 62, 64, 71, 78–79, 83, 98, 338

• identification procedure 40, 72

• identity condition 38

• illocution(ary effect) 38, 41–44

• illocutionary perlocution 4, 43

• inciting discrimination 193, 205–207, 210n17

• inciting hatred 194, 203–208, 210n17, 214–215, 220–221

• indirect personal attack 237–239, 246, 248, 250

• inference procedure 40

• informal consent 84, 91, 109, 110n3, 114, 117, 119–120

• initial situation 29n27, 82, 84, 117, 134–135, 149, 151, 157, 164, 256–261

• institutional constraint see institutional precondition

• institutional point 3, 5, 9, 28–29, 60–61, 74, 78–79, 81, 83–85, 91n6, 131, 133–134, 136, 150, 179–180, 232, 284, 310, 317, 348

• institutional precondition 2–3, 6–10, 29, 78–79, 83, 90, 130n14, 132–137, 143, 145, 150, 173, 180, 181n2, 185, 194–195, 219, 227, 229–232, 245–252, 258–262, 264, 266, 283–287, 291, 294–297, 303–311, 331–332, 339, 347

• instrumentalization stage 2

• insult(ing language) 140, 193–194, 196–203, 205, 208, 214, 218–219, 220

• interactional act 42

• interactional act complex 37

• intersubjective acceptability/validity 39–41, 343

• judge 5, 59–60, 63–75, 195, 200–201, 208, 214, 218n30, 219, 219n31, 221

• language use rule 27n24, 184, 188

• legal domain/speech 19–20, 28, 30, 56, 59–75, 129, 132, 135, 166, 194–195, 199, 218–220

• legislative debate 6–7, 159–161, 162n3, 163–166, 169–174

• logos 16, 19–20, 27n24, 32, 226, 273

• medical advertising see advertisement/advertising

• medical consultation see consultation

• mixed audience 311

• multimodal argumentation 4, 9–10, 332–335

• multiple argumentation 102n8, 294, 301, 323, 325, 328

• multiple audience 311

• New Rhetoric 15, 16n17, 25, 125, 228, 325

• norms for parliamentary language use 181, 183–185

• obligation to defend rule 27n24, 62n6, 255

• opening stage 26, 29n27, 30–32, 44n13, 46, 55, 62–63, 67–70, 72, 74, 78, 81, 127, 134–135, 148–150, 162, 164–165, 183, 276, 278, 288, 290–292, 301, 306, 311, 327

• oratio 19, 32

• organizational communication 309–310

• outcome 29n27, 73, 75, 83–84, 101, 105, 111, 113, 117, 120, 128, 133–134, 137, 150–151, 157, 164, 179, 194, 201–202, 209–210, 213, 218–219, 290, 312

• parliamentary debate 6–7, 140, 145–146, 149–157, 162–166, 169–175, 177–191, 275, 275n11, 277

• pathos 16, 19–20, 20n16, 27n24, 32, 226, 273

• perlocution(ary effect/consequence) 38, 42–43, 45, 83–84

• personal attack 8, 29, 53n30, 226–252

• persuasion research 15, 15n5, 19, 33n29, 52, 105

• persuasiveness 14–20, 22, 25, 32, 44n13, 52–53, 82, 88, 105, 116n5, 269, 273–274, 282, 343

• plenary debate 129, 136n21, 139, 146–151, 157, 160–175

• political debate/domain 6, 19–20, 32, 91n6, 123–142, 149–157, 162–175, 179–191, 218n30, 221, 230, 256–267, 274–278, 284

• political deliberation see deliberation

• political interview 8, 55n34, 110, 129, 132, 134, 140–142, 203n12, 207, 212, 255–267

• pragmatic argumentation 5, 93–106, 151–153, 155, 157, 298–301

• prescription drug 77–85, 88, 91

• prescriptive standpoint 11–12, 30, 32, 44n13

• presentational choice 7, 31, 127, 139, 179, 186–191, 248, 250, 311, 316–331

• presentational/stylistic device 28, 31, 94, 100–101, 126–128, 136, 161, 169, 172–174, 178, 196, 245, 247–248, 250–251, 269, 290–292, 313, 316–331, 345, 345n8, 347, 355

• presentational technique see technique

• press conference 225–232, 244–248, 250–252, 286, 310n6

• primary audience 8, 13, 135, 137, 149, 179, 227, 231–233, 241–245, 250–252, 258n4, 275n11, 278

• primary discussion 252

• primary institutional precondition 136n21, 181–182, 185, 231

• principle of communication 53

• principle of cooperation 53

• principle of dialectification 38

• principle of externalization 37–38, 259n7

• principle of functionalization 37–38

• principle of reasonableness 53, 229, 338

• principle of socialization 37–38

• probative burden of proof 260–262

• problem (solving) validity 39–40, 123, 260, 262, 264–265, 283, 297

• promotion (genre) 5, 78, 84–85, 88–90, 105–106, 153, 286, 318, 348, 351

• quasi-discussion 138

• rational(ity) 14–15, 21, 25, 27n25, 39, 39n3, 39n5, 42–43, 46n17, 59–60, 74–75, 75n12, 131n15, 138, 160, 160n2, 232, 289, 339, 340n2, 343

• reasonableness 2–4, 11–12, 14–16, 21, 23–24, 26–33, 38–41, 43–47, 51–53, 69n11, 78–79, 85, 90, 94, 111, 120, 123–125, 127, 142, 161, 165, 178, 180, 183, 189, 195, 226, 228–232, 244, 250–252, 267, 269, 275, 282, 297, 300, 302–303, 311, 313–315, 317, 321, 323, 332, 338–340, 343, 345

• reconstruction see reconstructive analysis

• reconstructive analysis 8–10, 44n13, 50, 50n23, 65–66, 82–83, 100, 103–105, 114, 118, 150, 164–166, 233, 236–243, 265, 271, 283–284, 287, 290–297, 311, 314, 320, 325, 327–328, 330, 337–338, 340–345, 347, 349n9, 350–353, 355

• reconstructive transformation 288–289, 341–342, 355

• refutation 13, 18–19, 19n14, 32, 225, 260–262

• refutative burden of proof 260–262

• relevance rule 27n24, 283, 297

• research program 1–2, 51n25, 142

• responsibility condition 43

• rhetorical dimension/perspective 2, 4–9, 11, 13–26, 28–33, 45–47, 51–52, 75, 78–79, 85, 89–90, 94–95, 100–103, 105, 111–112, 128, 159–161, 169–171, 173–175, 177–178, 180–182, 186n15, 195, 226, 228–229, 269–278, 281–283, 301–302, 309, 311, 313, 315, 318, 320–323, 325–326, 332, 335–339, 345, 345n8, 347

• rhetorical effectiveness see effectiveness

• rhetorical technique see technique

• role of the judge see judge

• rule of law 5, 60–61, 61n1, 63, 66, 73–75, 76, 162n4, 221

• rule of procedure 63, 68, 75, 148–149, 162, 164, 173, 260

• rule for critical discussion 5, 27–28, 49, 51n26, 161, 283–284, 297, 343n6

• econdary audience 8, 231–233, 241–245, 249–251, 258n4, 275n11

• secondary discussion 252

• secondary institutional precondition 136n21, 181–182, 186, 231

• secundum quid see hasty generalization

• sincerity condition 37–38 see responsibility condition socialization

• soundness criterion 3, 5, 29, 51n26, 53–56, 61, 68, 72–73, 75, 96, 113, 120, 167, 195–220, 228, 267, 283, 297, 315, 330, 343–344, 355

• speech event 15n5, 50n23, 110–111, 132, 310

• spokesperson 8, 225–228, 230–252

• stakeholder 9, 281–282, 284, 288–289, 292, 296, 301–303, 310, 312, 314–316, 318n12, 319, 321–322, 326

• standard pragma-dialectics 2, 125

• standing orders 131, 181–183, 188

• standpoint rule 27n24, 283, 297

• starting points 16, 22n19, 26, 27n24, 28–32, 44n13, 55–56, 59, 61–64, 67–69, 71–72, 74, 78, 81–84, 113–118, 127, 134–135, 141, 150–151, 157, 171–172, 179, 183, 195, 256n1, 276, 283, 288–293, 302, 311–312, 315, 327, 338, 348

• starting point rule 27n24, 283, 297, 302

• strategic maneuvering 2–10, 27–30, 33, 33n29, 44–46, 50–75, 78–79, 85, 89–91, 94, 105, 110–120, 123–130, 132–137, 139–142, 145–146, 149–157, 160–161, 169–175, 177–183, 185, 191, 193–196, 199–203, 207–219, 226–252, 269–270, 283–284, 290–297, 301–303, 311, 313, 315–332, 336, 338, 344–348, 350, 355

• strategy see argumentative strategy

• stylistic choice 98, 323–324, 327, 331 see presentational choice subordinative argumentation

• symptomatic argument(ation) 156–157, 166, 330–331

• system of antique rhetoric 19, 21–22

• technique 7, 9, 15–16, 45n16, 54n32, 80, 170–175, 177, 182, 273–274, 311, 313, 316–317, 323, 325–326, 332, 341

• Ten Commandments 89–90 see rule for critical discussion testimonial

• testing procedure 32, 40, 72, 100, 259

• third-party audience 59, 61, 63, 70, 72, 75, 130n14, 132, 180–181, 181n2, 185–186, 191, 232, 275, 277–278

• topical choice/selection 7, 31, 127–128, 136, 196, 219, 246–250, 313–316, 318, 324, 330–332

• topical potential 28, 88, 94, 100–101, 105, 125–126, 146, 157, 161, 169–170, 178, 196, 245–248, 250, 269, 283, 290–293, 295, 302, 313, 316, 345–346, 355

• transformation see reconstructive transformation

• trope 269, 273, 337

• tu quoque argumentum ad hominem 228–230, 251

• unexpressed premise rule 27n24, 283, 297

• validation stage 1

• validity rule 27n24, 283, 297, 301

• you too personal attack 8, 228–231, 239–241, 243, 246, 249–251