693014443 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code AiCR 79 GE 15 9789027288042 06 10.1075/aicr.79 00 EA E133 10 01 JB code AiCR 02 JB code 1381-589X 02 79.00 01 02 Advances in Consciousness Research Advances in Consciousness Research 01 01 New Horizons in the Neuroscience of Consciousness New Horizons in the Neuroscience of Consciousness 1 B01 01 JB code 79105816 Elaine K. Perry Perry, Elaine K. Elaine K. Perry Newcastle University 2 B01 01 JB code 251105817 Daniel Collerton Collerton, Daniel Daniel Collerton Newcastle University 3 B01 01 JB code 876105819 Fiona E.N. LeBeau LeBeau, Fiona E.N. Fiona E.N. LeBeau Newcastle University 4 B01 01 JB code 749105818 Heather Ashton Ashton, Heather Heather Ashton Newcastle University 01 eng 11 360 03 03 xxv 03 00 330 03 24 JB code CONS.GEN Consciousness research 24 JB code PSY.NEURO Neuropsychology 10 PSY039000 12 CFD 01 06 02 00 Based on fundamentals of neurobiology, psychology, psychiatry and therapy, this title extends boundaries of concepts of consciousness. It simulates and challenges not only neuroscientists and psychologists but entice others interested in exploring consciousness. 03 00 A fascinating cornucopia of new ideas, based on fundamentals of neurobiology, psychology, psychiatry and therapy, this book extends boundaries of current concepts of consciousness. Its eclectic mix will simulate and challenge not only neuroscientists and psychologists but entice others interested in exploring consciousness. Contributions from top researchers in consciousness and related fields project diverse ideas, focused mainly on conscious nonconscious interactions:
1. Paving the way for new research on basic scientific - physiological, pharmacological or neurochemical - mechanisms underpinning conscious experience (‘bottom up’ approach);
2. Providing directions on how psychological processes are involved in consciousness (‘top down’ approach);
3. Indicating how including consciousness could lead to new understanding of mental disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, dementia, and addiction;
4. More provocatively, but still based on scientific evidence, exploring consciousness beyond conventional boundaries, indicating the potential for radical new thinking or ‘quantum leaps’ in neuroscientific theories of consciousness. (Series B)
01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/aicr.79.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027252159.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027252159.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/aicr.79.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/aicr.79.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/aicr.79.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/aicr.79.hb.png
01 01 JB code aicr.79.01con 06 10.1075/aicr.79.01con ix xii 4 Miscellaneous 1 01 04 List of contributors List of contributors 01 01 JB code aicr.79.02pro 06 10.1075/aicr.79.02pro xiii xxiv 12 Miscellaneous 2 01 04 Prologue Prologue 01 01 JB code aicr.79.03for 06 10.1075/aicr.79.03for xxv xxv 1 Miscellaneous 3 01 04 Poem Poem 01 01 JB code aicr.79.04s1 06 10.1075/aicr.79.04s1 Section header 4 01 04 Section I. Neuronal mechanisms Section I. Neuronal mechanisms 01 01 JB code aicr.79.05he 06 10.1075/aicr.79.05he 3 16 14 Article 5 01 04 The slow cortical potential hypothesis on consciousness The slow cortical potential hypothesis on consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 422131430 Biyu J. He He, Biyu J. Biyu J. He 2 A01 01 JB code 613131384 Marcus E. Raichle Raichle, Marcus E. Marcus E. Raichle 01 01 JB code aicr.79.06mel 06 10.1075/aicr.79.06mel 17 28 12 Article 6 01 04 Distinct characteristics of conscious experience are met by large-scale neuronal synchronization Distinct characteristics of conscious experience are met by large-scale neuronal synchronization 1 A01 01 JB code 745131385 Lucia Melloni Melloni, Lucia Lucia Melloni 2 A01 01 JB code 142131386 Wolf Singer Singer, Wolf Wolf Singer 01 01 JB code aicr.79.07leb 06 10.1075/aicr.79.07leb 29 38 10 Article 7 01 04 Gamma oscillations and the cellular components of consciousness? Gamma oscillations and the cellular components of consciousness? 1 A01 01 JB code 900131387 Fiona E.N. LeBeau LeBeau, Fiona E.N. Fiona E.N. LeBeau 01 01 JB code aicr.79.08gra 06 10.1075/aicr.79.08gra 39 52 14 Article 8 01 04 Dopamine modulation of decision making processes Dopamine modulation of decision making processes 1 A01 01 JB code 688131388 Anthony A. Grace Grace, Anthony A. Anthony A. Grace 01 01 JB code aicr.79.09ash 06 10.1075/aicr.79.09ash 53 64 12 Article 9 01 04 Undercurrents of consciousness Undercurrents of consciousness 01 04 The endocannabinoid system The endocannabinoid system 1 A01 01 JB code 613131389 Heather Ashton Ashton, Heather Heather Ashton 01 01 JB code aicr.79.10cam 06 10.1075/aicr.79.10cam 65 72 8 Article 10 01 04 Disconnecting consciousness Disconnecting consciousness 01 04 The neuroscience of general anaesthesia The neuroscience of general anaesthesia 1 A01 01 JB code 290131390 Lucas Campos Campos, Lucas Lucas Campos 2 A01 01 JB code 973131391 Adrian Pichurko Pichurko, Adrian Adrian Pichurko 3 A01 01 JB code 482131392 George A. Mashour Mashour, George A. George A. Mashour 01 01 JB code aicr.79.11has 06 10.1075/aicr.79.11has 73 80 8 Article 11 01 04 Consciousness and neural time travel Consciousness and neural time travel 1 A01 01 JB code 240131393 Michael E. Hasselmo Hasselmo, Michael E. Michael E. Hasselmo 01 01 JB code aicr.79.12s2 06 10.1075/aicr.79.12s2 Section header 12 01 04 Section II. Psychological processes Section II. Psychological processes 01 01 JB code aicr.79.13she 06 10.1075/aicr.79.13she 83 90 8 Article 13 01 04 Consciousness and the relation between implicit and explicit memory Consciousness and the relation between implicit and explicit memory 1 A01 01 JB code 355131394 Signy Sheldon Sheldon, Signy Signy Sheldon 2 A01 01 JB code 880131395 Morris Moscovitch Moscovitch, Morris Morris Moscovitch 01 01 JB code aicr.79.14fra 06 10.1075/aicr.79.14fra 91 102 12 Article 14 01 04 Two varieties of unconscious processes Two varieties of unconscious processes 1 A01 01 JB code 539131396 Stan Franklin Franklin, Stan Stan Franklin 2 A01 01 JB code 48131397 Bernard J. Baars Baars, Bernard J. Bernard J. Baars 01 01 JB code aicr.79.15cli 06 10.1075/aicr.79.15cli 103 112 10 Article 15 01 04 Operating characteristics and awareness Operating characteristics and awareness 1 A01 01 JB code 830131398 Colin W.G. Clifford Clifford, Colin W.G. Colin W.G. Clifford 2 A01 01 JB code 456131399 Justin A. Harris Harris, Justin A. Justin A. Harris 3 A01 01 JB code 23131400 Ehsan Arabzadeh Arabzadeh, Ehsan Ehsan Arabzadeh 01 01 JB code aicr.79.16rol 06 10.1075/aicr.79.16rol 113 120 8 Article 16 01 04 Noise in the brain, decision-making, determinism, free will, and consciousness Noise in the brain, decision-making, determinism, free will, and consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 764131401 Edmund T. Rolls Rolls, Edmund T. Edmund T. Rolls 01 01 JB code aicr.79.17vog 06 10.1075/aicr.79.17vog 121 128 8 Article 17 01 04 Social consciousness Social consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 497131402 Kai Vogeley Vogeley, Kai Kai Vogeley 01 01 JB code aicr.79.18sha 06 10.1075/aicr.79.18sha 129 138 10 Article 18 01 04 Consciousness and language Consciousness and language 01 04 A processing perspective A processing perspective 1 A01 01 JB code 175131403 Michael Sharwood Smith Sharwood Smith, Michael Michael Sharwood Smith 2 A01 01 JB code 846131404 John Truscott Truscott, John John Truscott 01 01 JB code aicr.79.19kuh 06 10.1075/aicr.79.19kuh 139 148 10 Article 19 01 04 Cognitive illusions Cognitive illusions 01 04 From magic to science From magic to science 1 A01 01 JB code 534131405 Gustav Kuhn Kuhn, Gustav Gustav Kuhn 01 01 JB code aicr.79.20rev 06 10.1075/aicr.79.20rev 149 154 6 Article 20 01 04 Dreaming as a model system for consciousness research Dreaming as a model system for consciousness research 1 A01 01 JB code 276131406 Antti Revonsuo Revonsuo, Antti Antti Revonsuo 2 A01 01 JB code 782131407 Katja Valli Valli, Katja Katja Valli 01 01 JB code aicr.79.21hob 06 10.1075/aicr.79.21hob 155 166 12 Article 21 01 04 Lucid dreaming and the bimodality of consciousness Lucid dreaming and the bimodality of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 572131408 Allan Hobson Hobson, Allan Allan Hobson 2 A01 01 JB code 142131409 Ursula Voss Voss, Ursula Ursula Voss 01 01 JB code aicr.79.22s3 06 10.1075/aicr.79.22s3 Section header 22 01 04 Section III. Psychopathologies and therapies Section III. Psychopathologies and therapies 01 01 JB code aicr.79.23sol 06 10.1075/aicr.79.23sol 169 178 10 Article 23 01 04 Why depression feels bad Why depression feels bad 1 A01 01 JB code 26131410 Mark Solms Solms, Mark Mark Solms 2 A01 01 JB code 572131411 Jaak Panksepp Panksepp, Jaak Jaak Panksepp 01 01 JB code aicr.79.24col 06 10.1075/aicr.79.24col 179 186 8 Article 24 01 04 Dementia and the boundary between conscious and nonconscious awareness Dementia and the boundary between conscious and nonconscious awareness 1 A01 01 JB code 257131412 Daniel Collerton Collerton, Daniel Daniel Collerton 01 01 JB code aicr.79.25cro 06 10.1075/aicr.79.25cro 187 200 14 Article 25 01 04 Consciousness as the spin-off and schizophrenia as the price of language Consciousness as the spin-off and schizophrenia as the price of language 1 A01 01 JB code 15131413 Timothy J. Crow Crow, Timothy J. Timothy J. Crow 01 01 JB code aicr.79.26beh 06 10.1075/aicr.79.26beh 201 214 14 Article 26 01 04 Consciousness and psychosis associated with schizophrenia Consciousness and psychosis associated with schizophrenia 01 04 The role of Cornu Ammonis Region 3 The role of Cornu Ammonis Region 3 1 A01 01 JB code 980131414 Ralf-Peter Behrendt Behrendt, Ralf-Peter Ralf-Peter Behrendt 01 01 JB code aicr.79.27ffy 06 10.1075/aicr.79.27ffy 215 226 12 Article 27 01 04 The visual unconscious The visual unconscious 01 04 Perspectives from the Charles Bonnet Syndrome Perspectives from the Charles Bonnet Syndrome 1 A01 01 JB code 666131415 Dominic H. ffytche ffytche, Dominic H. Dominic H. ffytche 01 01 JB code aicr.79.28sed 06 10.1075/aicr.79.28sed 227 238 12 Article 28 01 04 Believing is hearing is believing Believing is hearing is believing 01 04 The reciprocal nature of consciousness The reciprocal nature of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 598131416 William Sedley Sedley, William William Sedley 01 01 JB code aicr.79.29dag 06 10.1075/aicr.79.29dag 239 248 10 Article 29 01 04 Dreaming as a physiological psychosis Dreaming as a physiological psychosis 01 04 Connecting states of consciousness Connecting states of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 257131417 Armando D'Agostino D'Agostino, Armando Armando D'Agostino 2 A01 01 JB code 830131418 Ivan Limosani Limosani, Ivan Ivan Limosani 3 A01 01 JB code 456131419 Silvio Scarone Scarone, Silvio Silvio Scarone 01 01 JB code aicr.79.30par 06 10.1075/aicr.79.30par 249 258 10 Article 30 01 04 Conscious awareness versus optimistic beliefs in recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users Conscious awareness versus optimistic beliefs in recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users 1 A01 01 JB code 206131420 Andrew Parrott Parrott, Andrew Andrew Parrott 01 01 JB code aicr.79.31ben 06 10.1075/aicr.79.31ben 259 268 10 Article 31 01 04 Conscious and unconscious placebo responses Conscious and unconscious placebo responses 01 04 How the ritual of the therapeutic act changes the patient's brain How the ritual of the therapeutic act changes the patient’s brain 1 A01 01 JB code 995131421 Fabrizio Benedetti Benedetti, Fabrizio Fabrizio Benedetti 01 01 JB code aicr.79.32s4 06 10.1075/aicr.79.32s4 Section header 32 01 04 Section IV. Expanding boundaries Section IV. Expanding boundaries 01 01 JB code aicr.79.33ran 06 10.1075/aicr.79.33ran 271 280 10 Article 33 01 04 The paradoxes of creativity The paradoxes of creativity 1 A01 01 JB code 782131422 Ashish Ranpura Ranpura, Ashish Ashish Ranpura 2 A01 01 JB code 456131423 Mark F. Lythgoe Lythgoe, Mark F. Mark F. Lythgoe 01 01 JB code aicr.79.34lut 06 10.1075/aicr.79.34lut 281 288 8 Article 34 01 04 Potential contributions of research on meditation to the neuroscience of consciousness Potential contributions of research on meditation to the neuroscience of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 175131424 Antoine Lutz Lutz, Antoine Antoine Lutz 01 01 JB code aicr.79.35gan 06 10.1075/aicr.79.35gan 289 300 12 Article 35 01 04 Self-induced altered states of consciousness Self-induced altered states of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 85131425 Bangalore N. Gangadhar Gangadhar, Bangalore N. Bangalore N. Gangadhar 2 A01 01 JB code 733131431 Naren P. Rao Rao, Naren P. Naren P. Rao 01 01 JB code aicr.79.36rad 06 10.1075/aicr.79.36rad 301 308 8 Article 36 01 04 Beyond the boundaries of the brain Beyond the boundaries of the brain 1 A01 01 JB code 407131427 Dean Radin Radin, Dean Dean Radin 01 01 JB code aicr.79.37per 06 10.1075/aicr.79.37per 309 324 16 Article 37 01 04 Plants of the gods and shamanic journeys Plants of the gods and shamanic journeys 1 A01 01 JB code 157131428 Elaine K. Perry Perry, Elaine K. Elaine K. Perry 2 A01 01 JB code 797131429 Valerie Laws Laws, Valerie Valerie Laws 01 01 JB code aicr.79.38index 06 10.1075/aicr.79.38index 325 330 6 Miscellaneous 38 01 04 Index Index 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20101028 C 2010 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2010 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027252159 WORLD 03 01 JB 17 Google 03 https://play.google.com/store/books 21 01 00 Unqualified price 00 99.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 00 83.00 GBP 01 00 Unqualified price 00 149.00 USD
594007669 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code AiCR 79 Hb 15 9789027252159 06 10.1075/aicr.79 13 2010018686 00 BB 01 245 mm 02 164 mm 08 805 gr 10 01 JB code AiCR 02 1381-589X 02 79.00 01 02 Advances in Consciousness Research Advances in Consciousness Research 01 01 New Horizons in the Neuroscience of Consciousness New Horizons in the Neuroscience of Consciousness 1 B01 01 JB code 79105816 Elaine K. Perry Perry, Elaine K. Elaine K. Perry Newcastle University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/79105816 2 B01 01 JB code 251105817 Daniel Collerton Collerton, Daniel Daniel Collerton Newcastle University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/251105817 3 B01 01 JB code 876105819 Fiona E.N. LeBeau LeBeau, Fiona E.N. Fiona E.N. LeBeau Newcastle University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/876105819 4 B01 01 JB code 749105818 Heather Ashton Ashton, Heather Heather Ashton Newcastle University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/749105818 01 eng 11 360 03 03 xxv 03 00 330 03 01 22 612.8/2 03 2010 QP411 04 Consciousness. 04 Neurosciences. 10 PSY039000 12 CFD 24 JB code CONS.GEN Consciousness research 24 JB code PSY.NEURO Neuropsychology 01 06 02 00 Based on fundamentals of neurobiology, psychology, psychiatry and therapy, this title extends boundaries of concepts of consciousness. It simulates and challenges not only neuroscientists and psychologists but entice others interested in exploring consciousness. 03 00 A fascinating cornucopia of new ideas, based on fundamentals of neurobiology, psychology, psychiatry and therapy, this book extends boundaries of current concepts of consciousness. Its eclectic mix will simulate and challenge not only neuroscientists and psychologists but entice others interested in exploring consciousness. Contributions from top researchers in consciousness and related fields project diverse ideas, focused mainly on conscious nonconscious interactions:
1. Paving the way for new research on basic scientific - physiological, pharmacological or neurochemical - mechanisms underpinning conscious experience (‘bottom up’ approach);
2. Providing directions on how psychological processes are involved in consciousness (‘top down’ approach);
3. Indicating how including consciousness could lead to new understanding of mental disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, dementia, and addiction;
4. More provocatively, but still based on scientific evidence, exploring consciousness beyond conventional boundaries, indicating the potential for radical new thinking or ‘quantum leaps’ in neuroscientific theories of consciousness. (Series B)
01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/aicr.79.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027252159.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027252159.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/aicr.79.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/aicr.79.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/aicr.79.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/aicr.79.hb.png
01 01 JB code aicr.79.01con 06 10.1075/aicr.79.01con ix xii 4 Miscellaneous 1 01 04 List of contributors List of contributors 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.02pro 06 10.1075/aicr.79.02pro xiii xxiv 12 Miscellaneous 2 01 04 Prologue Prologue 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.03for 06 10.1075/aicr.79.03for xxv xxv 1 Miscellaneous 3 01 04 Poem Poem 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.04s1 06 10.1075/aicr.79.04s1 Section header 4 01 04 Section I. Neuronal mechanisms Section I. Neuronal mechanisms 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.05he 06 10.1075/aicr.79.05he 3 16 14 Article 5 01 04 The slow cortical potential hypothesis on consciousness The slow cortical potential hypothesis on consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 422131430 Biyu J. He He, Biyu J. Biyu J. He 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/422131430 2 A01 01 JB code 613131384 Marcus E. Raichle Raichle, Marcus E. Marcus E. Raichle 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/613131384 01 eng 30 00

We propose a neurophysiological hypothesis on the emergence of consciousness, which postulates that the slow cortical potential (SCP) recorded from the surface of the brain provides an index of the activities of superficial-layer pyramidal neurons that directly contribute to the emergence of conscious awareness. This hypothesis is supported by existing data from manipulations of conscious awareness in normal human subjects and by data from altered states of consciousness such as general anesthesia and recovery from vegetative states; it further makes experimentally testable predictions. Given a relationship between the SCP and the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal that has now been revealed, this hypothesis also provides a potential bridge between existing neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies on consciousness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.06mel 06 10.1075/aicr.79.06mel 17 28 12 Article 6 01 04 Distinct characteristics of conscious experience are met by large-scale neuronal synchronization Distinct characteristics of conscious experience are met by large-scale neuronal synchronization 1 A01 01 JB code 745131385 Lucia Melloni Melloni, Lucia Lucia Melloni 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/745131385 2 A01 01 JB code 142131386 Wolf Singer Singer, Wolf Wolf Singer 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/142131386 01 eng 30 00

Conscious processes have a number of distinct properties that need to be accounted for by neuronal mechanisms supporting conscious experience. It is proposed that synchronization of distributed neuronal activity patterns meets most of these requirements. A major problem for the identification of neuronal correlates of consciousness is the distinction between the processes that lead to conscious experience and those that follow once contents have become conscious. Criteria for this distinction are discussed in the context of published evidence.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.07leb 06 10.1075/aicr.79.07leb 29 38 10 Article 7 01 04 Gamma oscillations and the cellular components of consciousness? Gamma oscillations and the cellular components of consciousness? 1 A01 01 JB code 900131387 Fiona E.N. LeBeau LeBeau, Fiona E.N. Fiona E.N. LeBeau 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/900131387 01 eng 30 00

There is evidence to suggest that synchronised neuronal activity, particularly that in the gamma frequency range (~30–100Hz) might contribute to conscious perception. In this chapter I shall discuss what we know about the mechanisms that underlie the generation of gamma frequency activity and the changes known to occur in diseases such as schizophrenia. Until recently it was difficult to test the role of individual neuronal subtypes in the generation of network oscillations. However, using the newly developed optogenetic techniques (in which cells are genetically modulated to make them responsive to specific wavelengths of light) it should now be possible to directly test the contribution of different neuronal classes to the generation of network oscillations and perhaps, therefore, consciousness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.08gra 06 10.1075/aicr.79.08gra 39 52 14 Article 8 01 04 Dopamine modulation of decision making processes Dopamine modulation of decision making processes 1 A01 01 JB code 688131388 Anthony A. Grace Grace, Anthony A. Anthony A. Grace 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/688131388 01 eng 30 00

The dopamine system has a number of functions in the brain, from regulation of movement to controlling emotional expression and facilitating cognitive or conscious processes. Dopamine exerts these actions via its regulation of systems interactions. In particular, the influence of this transmitter system on the balance of afferent input to the nucleus accumbens potently modulates ­decision-making processes. An increase in dopamine outflow potentiates afferents from the hippocampus subiculum, which are involved in context-dependent processes. In contrast, dopamine will also attenuate the ability of the prefrontal cortex to switch behavioral tasks. In this manner, the dopamine system is positioned to alter the propensity to focus conscious attention on a current task versus flexibly altering behavior to more effectively achieve goals.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.09ash 06 10.1075/aicr.79.09ash 53 64 12 Article 9 01 04 Undercurrents of consciousness Undercurrents of consciousness 01 04 The endocannabinoid system The endocannabinoid system 1 A01 01 JB code 613131389 Heather Ashton Ashton, Heather Heather Ashton 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/613131389 01 eng 30 00

The endocannabinoid system acts as a neuromodulator, interacting with other neuromodulators such as the opioids. It influences all vital body functions and sets the tone of every conscious thought and feeling. It operates largely below conscious levels but occasionally floats into consciousness where it is perceived as perfect bliss and pain-free calm.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.10cam 06 10.1075/aicr.79.10cam 65 72 8 Article 10 01 04 Disconnecting consciousness Disconnecting consciousness 01 04 The neuroscience of general anaesthesia The neuroscience of general anaesthesia 1 A01 01 JB code 290131390 Lucas Campos Campos, Lucas Lucas Campos 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/290131390 2 A01 01 JB code 973131391 Adrian Pichurko Pichurko, Adrian Adrian Pichurko 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/973131391 3 A01 01 JB code 482131392 George A. Mashour Mashour, George A. George A. Mashour 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/482131392 01 eng 30 00

We discuss the molecular and cognitive mechanisms of general anaesthesia and their relevance to the science of consciousness. General anaesthetics serve as an important tool to explore the transitions from conscious to unconscious processing, as these drugs rapidly induce a complete and reversible cessation of consciousness. With 40,000,000 patients undergoing general anaesthesia each year in North America alone, the highly controlled and monitored setting of the operating room can become the ultimate consciousness laboratory.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.11has 06 10.1075/aicr.79.11has 73 80 8 Article 11 01 04 Consciousness and neural time travel Consciousness and neural time travel 1 A01 01 JB code 240131393 Michael E. Hasselmo Hasselmo, Michael E. Michael E. Hasselmo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/240131393 01 eng 30 00

Consciousness is described in this article as a perception of self that is constructed for guidance of voluntary goal-directed behaviour, including neural mechanisms for mental time travel into the future during planning and into the past during episodic retrieval. Neural time travel draws on the distributed cortical perceptual processes for detecting the state of the self along multiple dimensions, including spatial location, head direction, speed, temporal duration, and egocentric relationships to items. These circuit mechanisms are regulated by neuromodulatory influences such as muscarinic acetylcholine receptors that activate intrinsic properties of neurons involved in maintaining an internal representation of self.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.12s2 06 10.1075/aicr.79.12s2 Section header 12 01 04 Section II. Psychological processes Section II. Psychological processes 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.13she 06 10.1075/aicr.79.13she 83 90 8 Article 13 01 04 Consciousness and the relation between implicit and explicit memory Consciousness and the relation between implicit and explicit memory 1 A01 01 JB code 355131394 Signy Sheldon Sheldon, Signy Signy Sheldon 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/355131394 2 A01 01 JB code 880131395 Morris Moscovitch Moscovitch, Morris Morris Moscovitch 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/880131395 01 eng 30 00

A commonly held assumption is that consciousness is a defining feature that distinguishes explicit memory (with conscious awareness) from implicit memory (without conscious awareness). Although early studies support this notion, recent evidence suggests that conscious and non-conscious memory systems may share crucial underlying processes. Here, we propose that one locus of interaction between some types of explicit and implicit memory may be the non-conscious processes associated with recollection, or detailed remembering, that are mediated by the hippocampus.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.14fra 06 10.1075/aicr.79.14fra 91 102 12 Article 14 01 04 Two varieties of unconscious processes Two varieties of unconscious processes 1 A01 01 JB code 539131396 Stan Franklin Franklin, Stan Stan Franklin 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/539131396 2 A01 01 JB code 48131397 Bernard J. Baars Baars, Bernard J. Bernard J. Baars 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/48131397 01 eng 30 00

Unconscious processes come in two varieties, the preconscious, whose contents may become conscious, and the never-conscious, whose contents may not. In this chapter we make use of Global Workspace Theory and its LIDA model to catalogue never-conscious and preconscious processes, and offer an explanation of the functionally of the distinction. The LIDA/GWT model suggests that the functional distinction between never-conscious and preconscious processes derives from one of the major purposes of an agent’s consciousness mechanism: that is to select the most salient portion of the agent’s current situation to which to attend, in order for it to be broadcast globally, in order to choose the best next action.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.15cli 06 10.1075/aicr.79.15cli 103 112 10 Article 15 01 04 Operating characteristics and awareness Operating characteristics and awareness 1 A01 01 JB code 830131398 Colin W.G. Clifford Clifford, Colin W.G. Colin W.G. Clifford 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/830131398 2 A01 01 JB code 456131399 Justin A. Harris Harris, Justin A. Justin A. Harris 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/456131399 3 A01 01 JB code 23131400 Ehsan Arabzadeh Arabzadeh, Ehsan Ehsan Arabzadeh 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/23131400 01 eng 30 00

Although a large proportion of the human brain is dedicated to processing incoming sensory information, much of this processing is not accessible to consciousness. In an effort to understand what differentiates conscious from unconscious processing, we are concerned here with methodological issues in exploring the limits of unconscious processing. We first consider a conscious perceptual experience and establish an operating characteristic to disambiguate perceptual sensitivity from decision criterion. We then apply the same method to dissociate explicit measures of perception from implicit measures of sensory processing. Finally, we evaluate post-decision wagering as a proposed method for measuring awareness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.16rol 06 10.1075/aicr.79.16rol 113 120 8 Article 16 01 04 Noise in the brain, decision-making, determinism, free will, and consciousness Noise in the brain, decision-making, determinism, free will, and consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 764131401 Edmund T. Rolls Rolls, Edmund T. Edmund T. Rolls 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/764131401 01 eng 30 00

Noise caused by randomness in the spiking times of neurons in the brain has a number of advantages, including contributing to probabilistic decision-making. However, noise results in the brain operating effectively as a non-deterministic system, which has implications for free will. Noise also results in decisions being taken probabilistically between the reasoning system and the implicit reward system. I propose that free will can be used to describe the operation of the reasoning system, and that consciousness is a property of a reasoning system that must use higher order syntactic thoughts (HOSTs) to correct its first order thoughts. When the implicit system takes a decision, we may confabulate a reason for the decision, and in that case the feeling of free will may be an illusion.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.17vog 06 10.1075/aicr.79.17vog 121 128 8 Article 17 01 04 Social consciousness Social consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 497131402 Kai Vogeley Vogeley, Kai Kai Vogeley 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/497131402 01 eng 30 00

Experiencing oneself as autonomous agent who interacts with others depends on the cognitive capacities of self-consciousness as awareness of ones own mental states and social consciousness as knowledge of other persons minds. The study of neural correlates of these capacities elicits an impressive overlap with the so-called “default mode of brain function” as a neurobiological universal of mammalian brains. This empirical observation stimulates the speculation that one major cognitive function of the neural default mode is social cognition which conversely implies that humans have a disposition for social cognition that is reflected in this neural default mode.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.18sha 06 10.1075/aicr.79.18sha 129 138 10 Article 18 01 04 Consciousness and language Consciousness and language 01 04 A processing perspective A processing perspective 1 A01 01 JB code 175131403 Michael Sharwood Smith Sharwood Smith, Michael Michael Sharwood Smith 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/175131403 2 A01 01 JB code 846131404 John Truscott Truscott, John John Truscott 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/846131404 01 eng 30 00

Our conscious control of language and its acquisition is strictly limited. A processing-oriented perspective to explain this will be outlined called MOGUL according to which some linguistic processes are inherently unconscious while others can be either conscious or not. The former involve representations, found in the dedicated, uniquely human language module, whose sealed-off nature does not permit the  activation levels necessary for conscious experience to take place. However, language knowledge created by cognitive processes that are not specifically linguistic, that is, created outside the language module, can indeed be raised to consciousness. This is because they are more directly connected to the perceptual system and are accordingly open to much higher levels of activation.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.19kuh 06 10.1075/aicr.79.19kuh 139 148 10 Article 19 01 04 Cognitive illusions Cognitive illusions 01 04 From magic to science From magic to science 1 A01 01 JB code 534131405 Gustav Kuhn Kuhn, Gustav Gustav Kuhn 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/534131405 01 eng 30 00

Magicians have developed powerful techniques to manipulate our perception and awareness. Many of these techniques share similarities with phenomena typically investigated by psychologists and neuroscientists. Here a novel approach to the study of consciousness is proposed which utilizes the magician’s expertise to complement more traditional experimental laboratory based research. It is argued that this approach offers new and exciting insights into wide areas of consciousness, such as attention, visual awareness and top-down modulation of perception.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.20rev 06 10.1075/aicr.79.20rev 149 154 6 Article 20 01 04 Dreaming as a model system for consciousness research Dreaming as a model system for consciousness research 1 A01 01 JB code 276131406 Antti Revonsuo Revonsuo, Antti Antti Revonsuo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/276131406 2 A01 01 JB code 782131407 Katja Valli Valli, Katja Katja Valli 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/782131407 01 eng 30 00

Based on biological realism, that is, the philosophical assumption that consciousness is a real natural biological phenomenon in the brain, we argue that dreaming is a pure form of phenomenality, and suggest that the dreaming brain could be used as a model system for consciousness. The dreaming brain offers the most challenging model system that represents all the theoretically and philosophically interesting features of consciousness. Although difficult to study experimentally, the dreaming brain is the model system that fully preserves all the essential features of consciousness, and cannot be ignored by any theory that aims to explain consciousness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.21hob 06 10.1075/aicr.79.21hob 155 166 12 Article 21 01 04 Lucid dreaming and the bimodality of consciousness Lucid dreaming and the bimodality of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 572131408 Allan Hobson Hobson, Allan Allan Hobson 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/572131408 2 A01 01 JB code 142131409 Ursula Voss Voss, Ursula Ursula Voss 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/142131409 01 eng 30 00

In this essay, we develop our working hypothesis that consciousness in primates and humans is a state-dependent commodity that has at least two expressions. Waking and dreaming are two such states that differ in conscious awareness. In both states, we are perceptive and emotional. Whereas in dreaming, our thoughts are delusional, however, waking consciousness potentiates volition and reflection. We propose that dreaming is a state of primary consciousness, while usually, secondary consciousness is reserved to waking. Lucid dreaming is an extraordinary state with elements of both waking and dreaming and both primary and secondary consciousness. It is a rare but very real condition which is a promising tool in the study of the brain basis of consciousness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.22s3 06 10.1075/aicr.79.22s3 Section header 22 01 04 Section III. Psychopathologies and therapies Section III. Psychopathologies and therapies 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.23sol 06 10.1075/aicr.79.23sol 169 178 10 Article 23 01 04 Why depression feels bad Why depression feels bad 1 A01 01 JB code 26131410 Mark Solms Solms, Mark Mark Solms 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/26131410 2 A01 01 JB code 572131411 Jaak Panksepp Panksepp, Jaak Jaak Panksepp 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/572131411 01 eng 30 00

We believe that conscious mental phenomena (such as feelings) are not epiphenomenal to the workings of the brain. Feelings evolved for good biological reasons; they make specific, concrete contributions to brain functioning. Notwithstanding all the philosophical complexities, therefore, the non-conscious/conscious interactions that are the focus of this book are, in our view, causal interactions. To marginalize consciousness in relation to what is ultimately a cdualistic scientific understanding of how the brain works is likely to lead us astray. We illustrate this view by trying to address the question: why does depression feel bad?

01 01 JB code aicr.79.24col 06 10.1075/aicr.79.24col 179 186 8 Article 24 01 04 Dementia and the boundary between conscious and nonconscious awareness Dementia and the boundary between conscious and nonconscious awareness 1 A01 01 JB code 257131412 Daniel Collerton Collerton, Daniel Daniel Collerton 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/257131412 01 eng 30 00

Dementing illnesses massively damage the structures and processes thought to underlie consciousness. However, maintained alertness, preserved awareness, and the appearance of hallucinations in people with dementia all suggest that consciousness survives extreme challenge; implying that conscious processes are extremely robust, and conscious content invariably present.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.25cro 06 10.1075/aicr.79.25cro 187 200 14 Article 25 01 04 Consciousness as the spin-off and schizophrenia as the price of language Consciousness as the spin-off and schizophrenia as the price of language 1 A01 01 JB code 15131413 Timothy J. Crow Crow, Timothy J. Timothy J. Crow 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/15131413 01 eng 30 00

Hearing “voices”, the experience of thoughts as not one’s own, and incoherent speech are symptoms of mental illness (usually termed “schizophrenia”). Here I argue that (1) the “torque” is the feature that defines the human brain as four chambered by comparison with the two chambers of the generalized mammalian brain, (2) by separating “thought” from speech production in the frontal lobes, and “meaning” from speech perception in occipito-parieto-temporal association cortex the torque thereby confers on the species the capacity for language, and (3) the phenomena of psychosis can be seen as “leakage” from one to another of the four quadrants of association cortex. Thus consciousness is the spin-off and schizophrenia is the price that Homo sapiens pays for language.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.26beh 06 10.1075/aicr.79.26beh 201 214 14 Article 26 01 04 Consciousness and psychosis associated with schizophrenia Consciousness and psychosis associated with schizophrenia 01 04 The role of Cornu Ammonis Region 3 The role of Cornu Ammonis Region 3 1 A01 01 JB code 980131414 Ralf-Peter Behrendt Behrendt, Ralf-Peter Ralf-Peter Behrendt 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/980131414 01 eng 30 00

Information encoded by the autoassociation network of CA3 situates landmarks and objects within an allocentric frame of space and time. Guiding locomotion across the spatial environment, and generally organizing behaviour that transcends space and time, the hippocampus creates phenomenal space and time themselves, thus laying the foundations for conscious awareness. It is argued that conscious experience describes the informational content of self-organizing activity patterns in CA3. Excessive pyramidal cell activity in CA3, due to deficient inhibition by GABAergic basket interneurons, leading to event memory formation unrestrained by entorhinal input may be a mechanism for the generation of hallucinations in schizophrenia.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.27ffy 06 10.1075/aicr.79.27ffy 215 226 12 Article 27 01 04 The visual unconscious The visual unconscious 01 04 Perspectives from the Charles Bonnet Syndrome Perspectives from the Charles Bonnet Syndrome 1 A01 01 JB code 666131415 Dominic H. ffytche ffytche, Dominic H. Dominic H. ffytche 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/666131415 01 eng 30 00

Neurobiological accounts of consciousness typically partition brain activity into two components: one correlated with conscious experience (the neural correlate of consciousness) and the other not. Here I use evidence derived from visual hallucinations in the context of eye disease – the Charles Bonnet Syndrome – to examine the nature of what might be termed the visual unconscious. Forcing us to reconsider the nature of the unconscious, this hidden system of modular processing underlies our apparently seamless conscious visual experience of the world with many of its complex functions yet to be recognised by visual science.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.28sed 06 10.1075/aicr.79.28sed 227 238 12 Article 28 01 04 Believing is hearing is believing Believing is hearing is believing 01 04 The reciprocal nature of consciousness The reciprocal nature of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 598131416 William Sedley Sedley, William William Sedley 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/598131416 01 eng 30 00

Auditory consciousness takes many forms. Some of these, such as auditory perception and imagination, are familiar to nearly all people, which others, such as tinnitus or hearing voices, are rare and unfamiliar to most. This chapter proposes a simplified conceptual model of the auditory system, involving bottom-up influences from the lower auditory pathways and top-down influences from higher evaluative mechanisms. This model is used to explain auditory perception, hallucinations and illusions based, for each phenomenon, on only minor variations from the normally functioning system. Neuroimaging and electrophysiological correlates of these processes are discussed, along with their inability to qualitatively differentiate conscious from unconscious processes, and how we might approach this problem in future.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.29dag 06 10.1075/aicr.79.29dag 239 248 10 Article 29 01 04 Dreaming as a physiological psychosis Dreaming as a physiological psychosis 01 04 Connecting states of consciousness Connecting states of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 257131417 Armando D'Agostino D'Agostino, Armando Armando D'Agostino 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/257131417 2 A01 01 JB code 830131418 Ivan Limosani Limosani, Ivan Ivan Limosani 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/830131418 3 A01 01 JB code 456131419 Silvio Scarone Scarone, Silvio Silvio Scarone 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/456131419 01 eng 30 00

Periodicity, hallucinatory phenomena and lack of awareness of one’s detachment from reality seem to connect the subjective experience of dreaming to that of psychosis. Both can be considered fully conscious states of the brain/mind, with an immediate influence of non-conscious elements caused by an impaired interaction with the external world. Psychological and pharmacological induction of lucidity in dreams may prove useful in the comprehension of acute psychoses and in clinical practice.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.30par 06 10.1075/aicr.79.30par 249 258 10 Article 30 01 04 Conscious awareness versus optimistic beliefs in recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users Conscious awareness versus optimistic beliefs in recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users 1 A01 01 JB code 206131420 Andrew Parrott Parrott, Andrew Andrew Parrott 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/206131420 01 eng 30 00

The willingness of humans to take psychoactive drugs may reflect an unconscious optimism bias, where users focus on desired aims rather than actual consequences. A series of in-depth interviews will illustrate the experiences and explicit knowledge of recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users. Next an unpublished empirical study will be described, where four subgroups of Ecstasy users reported that MDMA loses its efficacy over time, while drug-related distress increased. As this cost-benefit ratio deteriorates, users take MDMA less frequently, before quitting permanently. The in-depth personal knowledge of experienced Ecstasy users might be useful for drugs education packages, since it could replace unconscious optimism with greater conscious awareness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.31ben 06 10.1075/aicr.79.31ben 259 268 10 Article 31 01 04 Conscious and unconscious placebo responses Conscious and unconscious placebo responses 01 04 How the ritual of the therapeutic act changes the patient's brain How the ritual of the therapeutic act changes the patient’s brain 1 A01 01 JB code 995131421 Fabrizio Benedetti Benedetti, Fabrizio Fabrizio Benedetti 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/995131421 01 eng 30 00

The study of the placebo response is basically the study of the psychosocial context around the therapy, which constitutes the ritual of the therapeutic act, and of its effects on the patient’s brain. Many mechanisms are involved, both conscious, like expectation of a future outcome, and unconscious, such as classical conditioning. Overall, recent research indicates that different social stimuli, first and foremost the therapist’s words, may induce cellular and molecular changes in the patient’s brain, thus placing psychotherapy into the neurobiological domain.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.32s4 06 10.1075/aicr.79.32s4 Section header 32 01 04 Section IV. Expanding boundaries Section IV. Expanding boundaries 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.33ran 06 10.1075/aicr.79.33ran 271 280 10 Article 33 01 04 The paradoxes of creativity The paradoxes of creativity 1 A01 01 JB code 782131422 Ashish Ranpura Ranpura, Ashish Ashish Ranpura 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/782131422 2 A01 01 JB code 456131423 Mark F. Lythgoe Lythgoe, Mark F. Mark F. Lythgoe 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/456131423 01 eng 30 00

Creativity is the crowning jewel of human cognition, the ability that most uniquely characterizes our species. At the heart of subjective accounts of creativity are three deeply paradoxical features. First, creative acts are widely considered acts of self-expression, yet by many accounts the creative experience is selfless and only partially volitional. Second, creative activity is often hypnotically engrossing, while psychological theories about creativity emphasize loose, defocussed thinking. Third, loose associations during creative acts might be profligate and degenerate, but creative products are often highly specific and optimal. Here we present two novel hypotheses which might explain the paradoxical nature of subjective accounts of creativity. First, we suggest that creativity requires a “quiet mind,” simultaneously focused and disinhibited. Second, we describe how this paradoxical activity in the cerebral cortex might support the Darwinian selection engine, a previously-proposed network-level mechanism for organizing and developing mental representations.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.34lut 06 10.1075/aicr.79.34lut 281 288 8 Article 34 01 04 Potential contributions of research on meditation to the neuroscience of consciousness Potential contributions of research on meditation to the neuroscience of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 175131424 Antoine Lutz Lutz, Antoine Antoine Lutz 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/175131424 01 eng 30 00

Exploring the initial findings of neuroscientific research on meditation, new horizons of further inquiry in consciousness research are apparent. While such studies of contemplative practices are still in their infancy, early findings promise to contribute in three key areas. These include: Neuroplasticity – physiological and psychological indices of short and long terms responses of the brain circuits that underlie complex mental functions associated with specific types of meditation techniques ; Mind body Interactions – revealing mechanisms by which such training may exert beneficial effects on physical health; and Subjectivity – well developed introspective skills of practitioners potentially shedding new light on the neural counterpart of subjectivity.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.35gan 06 10.1075/aicr.79.35gan 289 300 12 Article 35 01 04 Self-induced altered states of consciousness Self-induced altered states of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 85131425 Bangalore N. Gangadhar Gangadhar, Bangalore N. Bangalore N. Gangadhar 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/85131425 2 A01 01 JB code 733131431 Naren P. Rao Rao, Naren P. Naren P. Rao 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/733131431 01 eng 30 00

Consciousness can be altered willfully. There are different methods to induce altered state of consciousness including psychological means. While some such induced states are pathological many others are not. Indian and other eastern concepts emphasize one can induce "higher states of consciousness" oneself. Physiological changes are observed in these altered states of consciousness that point to a neural basis.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.36rad 06 10.1075/aicr.79.36rad 301 308 8 Article 36 01 04 Beyond the boundaries of the brain Beyond the boundaries of the brain 1 A01 01 JB code 407131427 Dean Radin Radin, Dean Dean Radin 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/407131427 01 eng 30 00

Does telepathy – a purported means of communication unmediated by the ordinary senses – exist? Experimental evidence, meta-analyses and debates suggesting an affirmative answer can be found in a growing number of mainstream journals, and a physical basis for telepathy appears to be increasingly plausible based upon considerations of quantum holism and advancements in quantum information processing. Future neuroscience models of conscious and unconscious perception may be obliged to take into account a common human experience once dismissed as mere superstition.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.37per 06 10.1075/aicr.79.37per 309 324 16 Article 37 01 04 Plants of the gods and shamanic journeys Plants of the gods and shamanic journeys 1 A01 01 JB code 157131428 Elaine K. Perry Perry, Elaine K. Elaine K. Perry 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/157131428 2 A01 01 JB code 797131429 Valerie Laws Laws, Valerie Valerie Laws 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/797131429 01 eng 30 00

Among agents which alter the boundary between conscious and non conscious cognition, the ritualistic use of plant species (often in a spiritual context, hence ‘plants of the gods’) provides an example of long-standing empirical knowledge subsequently verified by scientific (chemical, pharmacological and psychological) evidence. Based on such an impressive record of acquired knowledge, exploration of experiences of the shaman, who deliberately enters an altered state of consciousness to obtain otherwise inaccessible information allegedly from other ‘dimensions’ of consciousness, may contribute new insights in the neuroscience of consciousness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.38index 06 10.1075/aicr.79.38index 325 330 6 Miscellaneous 38 01 04 Index Index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/aicr.79 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20101028 C 2010 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2010 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD WORLD US CA MX 09 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 21 13 16 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 99.00 EUR 02 00 Unqualified price 02 83.00 01 Z 0 GBP GB US CA MX 01 01 JB 2 John Benjamins Publishing Company +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 21 13 16 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 149.00 USD
693014443 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code AiCR 79 GE 15 9789027288042 06 10.1075/aicr.79 00 EA E133 10 01 JB code AiCR 02 JB code 1381-589X 02 79.00 01 02 Advances in Consciousness Research Advances in Consciousness Research 01 01 New Horizons in the Neuroscience of Consciousness New Horizons in the Neuroscience of Consciousness 1 B01 01 JB code 79105816 Elaine K. Perry Perry, Elaine K. Elaine K. Perry Newcastle University 2 B01 01 JB code 251105817 Daniel Collerton Collerton, Daniel Daniel Collerton Newcastle University 3 B01 01 JB code 876105819 Fiona E.N. LeBeau LeBeau, Fiona E.N. Fiona E.N. LeBeau Newcastle University 4 B01 01 JB code 749105818 Heather Ashton Ashton, Heather Heather Ashton Newcastle University 01 eng 11 360 03 03 xxv 03 00 330 03 24 JB code CONS.GEN Consciousness research 24 JB code PSY.NEURO Neuropsychology 10 PSY039000 12 CFD 01 06 02 00 Based on fundamentals of neurobiology, psychology, psychiatry and therapy, this title extends boundaries of concepts of consciousness. It simulates and challenges not only neuroscientists and psychologists but entice others interested in exploring consciousness. 03 00 A fascinating cornucopia of new ideas, based on fundamentals of neurobiology, psychology, psychiatry and therapy, this book extends boundaries of current concepts of consciousness. Its eclectic mix will simulate and challenge not only neuroscientists and psychologists but entice others interested in exploring consciousness. Contributions from top researchers in consciousness and related fields project diverse ideas, focused mainly on conscious nonconscious interactions:
1. Paving the way for new research on basic scientific - physiological, pharmacological or neurochemical - mechanisms underpinning conscious experience (‘bottom up’ approach);
2. Providing directions on how psychological processes are involved in consciousness (‘top down’ approach);
3. Indicating how including consciousness could lead to new understanding of mental disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, dementia, and addiction;
4. More provocatively, but still based on scientific evidence, exploring consciousness beyond conventional boundaries, indicating the potential for radical new thinking or ‘quantum leaps’ in neuroscientific theories of consciousness. (Series B)
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01 01 JB code aicr.79.01con 06 10.1075/aicr.79.01con ix xii 4 Miscellaneous 1 01 04 List of contributors List of contributors 01 01 JB code aicr.79.02pro 06 10.1075/aicr.79.02pro xiii xxiv 12 Miscellaneous 2 01 04 Prologue Prologue 01 01 JB code aicr.79.03for 06 10.1075/aicr.79.03for xxv xxv 1 Miscellaneous 3 01 04 Poem Poem 01 01 JB code aicr.79.04s1 06 10.1075/aicr.79.04s1 Section header 4 01 04 Section I. Neuronal mechanisms Section I. Neuronal mechanisms 01 01 JB code aicr.79.05he 06 10.1075/aicr.79.05he 3 16 14 Article 5 01 04 The slow cortical potential hypothesis on consciousness The slow cortical potential hypothesis on consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 422131430 Biyu J. He He, Biyu J. Biyu J. He 2 A01 01 JB code 613131384 Marcus E. Raichle Raichle, Marcus E. Marcus E. Raichle 01 01 JB code aicr.79.06mel 06 10.1075/aicr.79.06mel 17 28 12 Article 6 01 04 Distinct characteristics of conscious experience are met by large-scale neuronal synchronization Distinct characteristics of conscious experience are met by large-scale neuronal synchronization 1 A01 01 JB code 745131385 Lucia Melloni Melloni, Lucia Lucia Melloni 2 A01 01 JB code 142131386 Wolf Singer Singer, Wolf Wolf Singer 01 01 JB code aicr.79.07leb 06 10.1075/aicr.79.07leb 29 38 10 Article 7 01 04 Gamma oscillations and the cellular components of consciousness? Gamma oscillations and the cellular components of consciousness? 1 A01 01 JB code 900131387 Fiona E.N. LeBeau LeBeau, Fiona E.N. Fiona E.N. LeBeau 01 01 JB code aicr.79.08gra 06 10.1075/aicr.79.08gra 39 52 14 Article 8 01 04 Dopamine modulation of decision making processes Dopamine modulation of decision making processes 1 A01 01 JB code 688131388 Anthony A. Grace Grace, Anthony A. Anthony A. Grace 01 01 JB code aicr.79.09ash 06 10.1075/aicr.79.09ash 53 64 12 Article 9 01 04 Undercurrents of consciousness Undercurrents of consciousness 01 04 The endocannabinoid system The endocannabinoid system 1 A01 01 JB code 613131389 Heather Ashton Ashton, Heather Heather Ashton 01 01 JB code aicr.79.10cam 06 10.1075/aicr.79.10cam 65 72 8 Article 10 01 04 Disconnecting consciousness Disconnecting consciousness 01 04 The neuroscience of general anaesthesia The neuroscience of general anaesthesia 1 A01 01 JB code 290131390 Lucas Campos Campos, Lucas Lucas Campos 2 A01 01 JB code 973131391 Adrian Pichurko Pichurko, Adrian Adrian Pichurko 3 A01 01 JB code 482131392 George A. Mashour Mashour, George A. George A. Mashour 01 01 JB code aicr.79.11has 06 10.1075/aicr.79.11has 73 80 8 Article 11 01 04 Consciousness and neural time travel Consciousness and neural time travel 1 A01 01 JB code 240131393 Michael E. Hasselmo Hasselmo, Michael E. Michael E. Hasselmo 01 01 JB code aicr.79.12s2 06 10.1075/aicr.79.12s2 Section header 12 01 04 Section II. Psychological processes Section II. Psychological processes 01 01 JB code aicr.79.13she 06 10.1075/aicr.79.13she 83 90 8 Article 13 01 04 Consciousness and the relation between implicit and explicit memory Consciousness and the relation between implicit and explicit memory 1 A01 01 JB code 355131394 Signy Sheldon Sheldon, Signy Signy Sheldon 2 A01 01 JB code 880131395 Morris Moscovitch Moscovitch, Morris Morris Moscovitch 01 01 JB code aicr.79.14fra 06 10.1075/aicr.79.14fra 91 102 12 Article 14 01 04 Two varieties of unconscious processes Two varieties of unconscious processes 1 A01 01 JB code 539131396 Stan Franklin Franklin, Stan Stan Franklin 2 A01 01 JB code 48131397 Bernard J. Baars Baars, Bernard J. Bernard J. Baars 01 01 JB code aicr.79.15cli 06 10.1075/aicr.79.15cli 103 112 10 Article 15 01 04 Operating characteristics and awareness Operating characteristics and awareness 1 A01 01 JB code 830131398 Colin W.G. Clifford Clifford, Colin W.G. Colin W.G. Clifford 2 A01 01 JB code 456131399 Justin A. Harris Harris, Justin A. Justin A. Harris 3 A01 01 JB code 23131400 Ehsan Arabzadeh Arabzadeh, Ehsan Ehsan Arabzadeh 01 01 JB code aicr.79.16rol 06 10.1075/aicr.79.16rol 113 120 8 Article 16 01 04 Noise in the brain, decision-making, determinism, free will, and consciousness Noise in the brain, decision-making, determinism, free will, and consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 764131401 Edmund T. Rolls Rolls, Edmund T. Edmund T. Rolls 01 01 JB code aicr.79.17vog 06 10.1075/aicr.79.17vog 121 128 8 Article 17 01 04 Social consciousness Social consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 497131402 Kai Vogeley Vogeley, Kai Kai Vogeley 01 01 JB code aicr.79.18sha 06 10.1075/aicr.79.18sha 129 138 10 Article 18 01 04 Consciousness and language Consciousness and language 01 04 A processing perspective A processing perspective 1 A01 01 JB code 175131403 Michael Sharwood Smith Sharwood Smith, Michael Michael Sharwood Smith 2 A01 01 JB code 846131404 John Truscott Truscott, John John Truscott 01 01 JB code aicr.79.19kuh 06 10.1075/aicr.79.19kuh 139 148 10 Article 19 01 04 Cognitive illusions Cognitive illusions 01 04 From magic to science From magic to science 1 A01 01 JB code 534131405 Gustav Kuhn Kuhn, Gustav Gustav Kuhn 01 01 JB code aicr.79.20rev 06 10.1075/aicr.79.20rev 149 154 6 Article 20 01 04 Dreaming as a model system for consciousness research Dreaming as a model system for consciousness research 1 A01 01 JB code 276131406 Antti Revonsuo Revonsuo, Antti Antti Revonsuo 2 A01 01 JB code 782131407 Katja Valli Valli, Katja Katja Valli 01 01 JB code aicr.79.21hob 06 10.1075/aicr.79.21hob 155 166 12 Article 21 01 04 Lucid dreaming and the bimodality of consciousness Lucid dreaming and the bimodality of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 572131408 Allan Hobson Hobson, Allan Allan Hobson 2 A01 01 JB code 142131409 Ursula Voss Voss, Ursula Ursula Voss 01 01 JB code aicr.79.22s3 06 10.1075/aicr.79.22s3 Section header 22 01 04 Section III. Psychopathologies and therapies Section III. Psychopathologies and therapies 01 01 JB code aicr.79.23sol 06 10.1075/aicr.79.23sol 169 178 10 Article 23 01 04 Why depression feels bad Why depression feels bad 1 A01 01 JB code 26131410 Mark Solms Solms, Mark Mark Solms 2 A01 01 JB code 572131411 Jaak Panksepp Panksepp, Jaak Jaak Panksepp 01 01 JB code aicr.79.24col 06 10.1075/aicr.79.24col 179 186 8 Article 24 01 04 Dementia and the boundary between conscious and nonconscious awareness Dementia and the boundary between conscious and nonconscious awareness 1 A01 01 JB code 257131412 Daniel Collerton Collerton, Daniel Daniel Collerton 01 01 JB code aicr.79.25cro 06 10.1075/aicr.79.25cro 187 200 14 Article 25 01 04 Consciousness as the spin-off and schizophrenia as the price of language Consciousness as the spin-off and schizophrenia as the price of language 1 A01 01 JB code 15131413 Timothy J. Crow Crow, Timothy J. Timothy J. Crow 01 01 JB code aicr.79.26beh 06 10.1075/aicr.79.26beh 201 214 14 Article 26 01 04 Consciousness and psychosis associated with schizophrenia Consciousness and psychosis associated with schizophrenia 01 04 The role of Cornu Ammonis Region 3 The role of Cornu Ammonis Region 3 1 A01 01 JB code 980131414 Ralf-Peter Behrendt Behrendt, Ralf-Peter Ralf-Peter Behrendt 01 01 JB code aicr.79.27ffy 06 10.1075/aicr.79.27ffy 215 226 12 Article 27 01 04 The visual unconscious The visual unconscious 01 04 Perspectives from the Charles Bonnet Syndrome Perspectives from the Charles Bonnet Syndrome 1 A01 01 JB code 666131415 Dominic H. ffytche ffytche, Dominic H. Dominic H. ffytche 01 01 JB code aicr.79.28sed 06 10.1075/aicr.79.28sed 227 238 12 Article 28 01 04 Believing is hearing is believing Believing is hearing is believing 01 04 The reciprocal nature of consciousness The reciprocal nature of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 598131416 William Sedley Sedley, William William Sedley 01 01 JB code aicr.79.29dag 06 10.1075/aicr.79.29dag 239 248 10 Article 29 01 04 Dreaming as a physiological psychosis Dreaming as a physiological psychosis 01 04 Connecting states of consciousness Connecting states of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 257131417 Armando D'Agostino D'Agostino, Armando Armando D'Agostino 2 A01 01 JB code 830131418 Ivan Limosani Limosani, Ivan Ivan Limosani 3 A01 01 JB code 456131419 Silvio Scarone Scarone, Silvio Silvio Scarone 01 01 JB code aicr.79.30par 06 10.1075/aicr.79.30par 249 258 10 Article 30 01 04 Conscious awareness versus optimistic beliefs in recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users Conscious awareness versus optimistic beliefs in recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users 1 A01 01 JB code 206131420 Andrew Parrott Parrott, Andrew Andrew Parrott 01 01 JB code aicr.79.31ben 06 10.1075/aicr.79.31ben 259 268 10 Article 31 01 04 Conscious and unconscious placebo responses Conscious and unconscious placebo responses 01 04 How the ritual of the therapeutic act changes the patient's brain How the ritual of the therapeutic act changes the patient’s brain 1 A01 01 JB code 995131421 Fabrizio Benedetti Benedetti, Fabrizio Fabrizio Benedetti 01 01 JB code aicr.79.32s4 06 10.1075/aicr.79.32s4 Section header 32 01 04 Section IV. Expanding boundaries Section IV. Expanding boundaries 01 01 JB code aicr.79.33ran 06 10.1075/aicr.79.33ran 271 280 10 Article 33 01 04 The paradoxes of creativity The paradoxes of creativity 1 A01 01 JB code 782131422 Ashish Ranpura Ranpura, Ashish Ashish Ranpura 2 A01 01 JB code 456131423 Mark F. Lythgoe Lythgoe, Mark F. Mark F. Lythgoe 01 01 JB code aicr.79.34lut 06 10.1075/aicr.79.34lut 281 288 8 Article 34 01 04 Potential contributions of research on meditation to the neuroscience of consciousness Potential contributions of research on meditation to the neuroscience of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 175131424 Antoine Lutz Lutz, Antoine Antoine Lutz 01 01 JB code aicr.79.35gan 06 10.1075/aicr.79.35gan 289 300 12 Article 35 01 04 Self-induced altered states of consciousness Self-induced altered states of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 85131425 Bangalore N. Gangadhar Gangadhar, Bangalore N. Bangalore N. Gangadhar 2 A01 01 JB code 733131431 Naren P. Rao Rao, Naren P. Naren P. Rao 01 01 JB code aicr.79.36rad 06 10.1075/aicr.79.36rad 301 308 8 Article 36 01 04 Beyond the boundaries of the brain Beyond the boundaries of the brain 1 A01 01 JB code 407131427 Dean Radin Radin, Dean Dean Radin 01 01 JB code aicr.79.37per 06 10.1075/aicr.79.37per 309 324 16 Article 37 01 04 Plants of the gods and shamanic journeys Plants of the gods and shamanic journeys 1 A01 01 JB code 157131428 Elaine K. Perry Perry, Elaine K. Elaine K. Perry 2 A01 01 JB code 797131429 Valerie Laws Laws, Valerie Valerie Laws 01 01 JB code aicr.79.38index 06 10.1075/aicr.79.38index 325 330 6 Miscellaneous 38 01 04 Index Index 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20101028 C 2010 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2010 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027252159 WORLD 03 01 JB 17 Google 03 https://play.google.com/store/books 21 01 00 Unqualified price 00 99.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 00 83.00 GBP 01 00 Unqualified price 00 149.00 USD
60007670 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code AiCR 79 Eb 15 9789027288042 06 10.1075/aicr.79 00 EA E107 10 01 JB code AiCR 02 1381-589X 02 79.00 01 02 Advances in Consciousness Research Advances in Consciousness Research 11 01 JB code jbe-all 01 02 Full EBA collection (ca. 4,200 titles) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-all 01 02 Complete backlist (3,208 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Complete backlist (1967–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-psychology 01 02 Subject collection: Psychology (246 titles, 1978–2015) 05 02 Psychology (1978–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-aicr 01 02 Advances in Consciousness Research (vols. 1–92, 1995–2015) 05 02 AiCR (vols. 1–92, 1995–2015) 01 01 New Horizons in the Neuroscience of Consciousness New Horizons in the Neuroscience of Consciousness 1 B01 01 JB code 79105816 Elaine K. Perry Perry, Elaine K. Elaine K. Perry Newcastle University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/79105816 2 B01 01 JB code 251105817 Daniel Collerton Collerton, Daniel Daniel Collerton Newcastle University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/251105817 3 B01 01 JB code 876105819 Fiona E.N. LeBeau LeBeau, Fiona E.N. Fiona E.N. LeBeau Newcastle University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/876105819 4 B01 01 JB code 749105818 Heather Ashton Ashton, Heather Heather Ashton Newcastle University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/749105818 01 eng 11 360 03 03 xxv 03 00 330 03 01 22 612.8/2 03 2010 QP411 04 Consciousness. 04 Neurosciences. 10 PSY039000 12 CFD 24 JB code CONS.GEN Consciousness research 24 JB code PSY.NEURO Neuropsychology 01 06 02 00 Based on fundamentals of neurobiology, psychology, psychiatry and therapy, this title extends boundaries of concepts of consciousness. It simulates and challenges not only neuroscientists and psychologists but entice others interested in exploring consciousness. 03 00 A fascinating cornucopia of new ideas, based on fundamentals of neurobiology, psychology, psychiatry and therapy, this book extends boundaries of current concepts of consciousness. Its eclectic mix will simulate and challenge not only neuroscientists and psychologists but entice others interested in exploring consciousness. Contributions from top researchers in consciousness and related fields project diverse ideas, focused mainly on conscious nonconscious interactions:
1. Paving the way for new research on basic scientific - physiological, pharmacological or neurochemical - mechanisms underpinning conscious experience (‘bottom up’ approach);
2. Providing directions on how psychological processes are involved in consciousness (‘top down’ approach);
3. Indicating how including consciousness could lead to new understanding of mental disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, dementia, and addiction;
4. More provocatively, but still based on scientific evidence, exploring consciousness beyond conventional boundaries, indicating the potential for radical new thinking or ‘quantum leaps’ in neuroscientific theories of consciousness. (Series B)
01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/aicr.79.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027252159.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027252159.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/aicr.79.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/aicr.79.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/aicr.79.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/aicr.79.hb.png
01 01 JB code aicr.79.01con 06 10.1075/aicr.79.01con ix xii 4 Miscellaneous 1 01 04 List of contributors List of contributors 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.02pro 06 10.1075/aicr.79.02pro xiii xxiv 12 Miscellaneous 2 01 04 Prologue Prologue 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.03for 06 10.1075/aicr.79.03for xxv xxv 1 Miscellaneous 3 01 04 Poem Poem 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.04s1 06 10.1075/aicr.79.04s1 Section header 4 01 04 Section I. Neuronal mechanisms Section I. Neuronal mechanisms 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.05he 06 10.1075/aicr.79.05he 3 16 14 Article 5 01 04 The slow cortical potential hypothesis on consciousness The slow cortical potential hypothesis on consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 422131430 Biyu J. He He, Biyu J. Biyu J. He 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/422131430 2 A01 01 JB code 613131384 Marcus E. Raichle Raichle, Marcus E. Marcus E. Raichle 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/613131384 01 eng 30 00

We propose a neurophysiological hypothesis on the emergence of consciousness, which postulates that the slow cortical potential (SCP) recorded from the surface of the brain provides an index of the activities of superficial-layer pyramidal neurons that directly contribute to the emergence of conscious awareness. This hypothesis is supported by existing data from manipulations of conscious awareness in normal human subjects and by data from altered states of consciousness such as general anesthesia and recovery from vegetative states; it further makes experimentally testable predictions. Given a relationship between the SCP and the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal that has now been revealed, this hypothesis also provides a potential bridge between existing neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies on consciousness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.06mel 06 10.1075/aicr.79.06mel 17 28 12 Article 6 01 04 Distinct characteristics of conscious experience are met by large-scale neuronal synchronization Distinct characteristics of conscious experience are met by large-scale neuronal synchronization 1 A01 01 JB code 745131385 Lucia Melloni Melloni, Lucia Lucia Melloni 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/745131385 2 A01 01 JB code 142131386 Wolf Singer Singer, Wolf Wolf Singer 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/142131386 01 eng 30 00

Conscious processes have a number of distinct properties that need to be accounted for by neuronal mechanisms supporting conscious experience. It is proposed that synchronization of distributed neuronal activity patterns meets most of these requirements. A major problem for the identification of neuronal correlates of consciousness is the distinction between the processes that lead to conscious experience and those that follow once contents have become conscious. Criteria for this distinction are discussed in the context of published evidence.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.07leb 06 10.1075/aicr.79.07leb 29 38 10 Article 7 01 04 Gamma oscillations and the cellular components of consciousness? Gamma oscillations and the cellular components of consciousness? 1 A01 01 JB code 900131387 Fiona E.N. LeBeau LeBeau, Fiona E.N. Fiona E.N. LeBeau 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/900131387 01 eng 30 00

There is evidence to suggest that synchronised neuronal activity, particularly that in the gamma frequency range (~30–100Hz) might contribute to conscious perception. In this chapter I shall discuss what we know about the mechanisms that underlie the generation of gamma frequency activity and the changes known to occur in diseases such as schizophrenia. Until recently it was difficult to test the role of individual neuronal subtypes in the generation of network oscillations. However, using the newly developed optogenetic techniques (in which cells are genetically modulated to make them responsive to specific wavelengths of light) it should now be possible to directly test the contribution of different neuronal classes to the generation of network oscillations and perhaps, therefore, consciousness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.08gra 06 10.1075/aicr.79.08gra 39 52 14 Article 8 01 04 Dopamine modulation of decision making processes Dopamine modulation of decision making processes 1 A01 01 JB code 688131388 Anthony A. Grace Grace, Anthony A. Anthony A. Grace 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/688131388 01 eng 30 00

The dopamine system has a number of functions in the brain, from regulation of movement to controlling emotional expression and facilitating cognitive or conscious processes. Dopamine exerts these actions via its regulation of systems interactions. In particular, the influence of this transmitter system on the balance of afferent input to the nucleus accumbens potently modulates ­decision-making processes. An increase in dopamine outflow potentiates afferents from the hippocampus subiculum, which are involved in context-dependent processes. In contrast, dopamine will also attenuate the ability of the prefrontal cortex to switch behavioral tasks. In this manner, the dopamine system is positioned to alter the propensity to focus conscious attention on a current task versus flexibly altering behavior to more effectively achieve goals.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.09ash 06 10.1075/aicr.79.09ash 53 64 12 Article 9 01 04 Undercurrents of consciousness Undercurrents of consciousness 01 04 The endocannabinoid system The endocannabinoid system 1 A01 01 JB code 613131389 Heather Ashton Ashton, Heather Heather Ashton 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/613131389 01 eng 30 00

The endocannabinoid system acts as a neuromodulator, interacting with other neuromodulators such as the opioids. It influences all vital body functions and sets the tone of every conscious thought and feeling. It operates largely below conscious levels but occasionally floats into consciousness where it is perceived as perfect bliss and pain-free calm.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.10cam 06 10.1075/aicr.79.10cam 65 72 8 Article 10 01 04 Disconnecting consciousness Disconnecting consciousness 01 04 The neuroscience of general anaesthesia The neuroscience of general anaesthesia 1 A01 01 JB code 290131390 Lucas Campos Campos, Lucas Lucas Campos 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/290131390 2 A01 01 JB code 973131391 Adrian Pichurko Pichurko, Adrian Adrian Pichurko 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/973131391 3 A01 01 JB code 482131392 George A. Mashour Mashour, George A. George A. Mashour 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/482131392 01 eng 30 00

We discuss the molecular and cognitive mechanisms of general anaesthesia and their relevance to the science of consciousness. General anaesthetics serve as an important tool to explore the transitions from conscious to unconscious processing, as these drugs rapidly induce a complete and reversible cessation of consciousness. With 40,000,000 patients undergoing general anaesthesia each year in North America alone, the highly controlled and monitored setting of the operating room can become the ultimate consciousness laboratory.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.11has 06 10.1075/aicr.79.11has 73 80 8 Article 11 01 04 Consciousness and neural time travel Consciousness and neural time travel 1 A01 01 JB code 240131393 Michael E. Hasselmo Hasselmo, Michael E. Michael E. Hasselmo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/240131393 01 eng 30 00

Consciousness is described in this article as a perception of self that is constructed for guidance of voluntary goal-directed behaviour, including neural mechanisms for mental time travel into the future during planning and into the past during episodic retrieval. Neural time travel draws on the distributed cortical perceptual processes for detecting the state of the self along multiple dimensions, including spatial location, head direction, speed, temporal duration, and egocentric relationships to items. These circuit mechanisms are regulated by neuromodulatory influences such as muscarinic acetylcholine receptors that activate intrinsic properties of neurons involved in maintaining an internal representation of self.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.12s2 06 10.1075/aicr.79.12s2 Section header 12 01 04 Section II. Psychological processes Section II. Psychological processes 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.13she 06 10.1075/aicr.79.13she 83 90 8 Article 13 01 04 Consciousness and the relation between implicit and explicit memory Consciousness and the relation between implicit and explicit memory 1 A01 01 JB code 355131394 Signy Sheldon Sheldon, Signy Signy Sheldon 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/355131394 2 A01 01 JB code 880131395 Morris Moscovitch Moscovitch, Morris Morris Moscovitch 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/880131395 01 eng 30 00

A commonly held assumption is that consciousness is a defining feature that distinguishes explicit memory (with conscious awareness) from implicit memory (without conscious awareness). Although early studies support this notion, recent evidence suggests that conscious and non-conscious memory systems may share crucial underlying processes. Here, we propose that one locus of interaction between some types of explicit and implicit memory may be the non-conscious processes associated with recollection, or detailed remembering, that are mediated by the hippocampus.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.14fra 06 10.1075/aicr.79.14fra 91 102 12 Article 14 01 04 Two varieties of unconscious processes Two varieties of unconscious processes 1 A01 01 JB code 539131396 Stan Franklin Franklin, Stan Stan Franklin 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/539131396 2 A01 01 JB code 48131397 Bernard J. Baars Baars, Bernard J. Bernard J. Baars 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/48131397 01 eng 30 00

Unconscious processes come in two varieties, the preconscious, whose contents may become conscious, and the never-conscious, whose contents may not. In this chapter we make use of Global Workspace Theory and its LIDA model to catalogue never-conscious and preconscious processes, and offer an explanation of the functionally of the distinction. The LIDA/GWT model suggests that the functional distinction between never-conscious and preconscious processes derives from one of the major purposes of an agent’s consciousness mechanism: that is to select the most salient portion of the agent’s current situation to which to attend, in order for it to be broadcast globally, in order to choose the best next action.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.15cli 06 10.1075/aicr.79.15cli 103 112 10 Article 15 01 04 Operating characteristics and awareness Operating characteristics and awareness 1 A01 01 JB code 830131398 Colin W.G. Clifford Clifford, Colin W.G. Colin W.G. Clifford 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/830131398 2 A01 01 JB code 456131399 Justin A. Harris Harris, Justin A. Justin A. Harris 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/456131399 3 A01 01 JB code 23131400 Ehsan Arabzadeh Arabzadeh, Ehsan Ehsan Arabzadeh 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/23131400 01 eng 30 00

Although a large proportion of the human brain is dedicated to processing incoming sensory information, much of this processing is not accessible to consciousness. In an effort to understand what differentiates conscious from unconscious processing, we are concerned here with methodological issues in exploring the limits of unconscious processing. We first consider a conscious perceptual experience and establish an operating characteristic to disambiguate perceptual sensitivity from decision criterion. We then apply the same method to dissociate explicit measures of perception from implicit measures of sensory processing. Finally, we evaluate post-decision wagering as a proposed method for measuring awareness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.16rol 06 10.1075/aicr.79.16rol 113 120 8 Article 16 01 04 Noise in the brain, decision-making, determinism, free will, and consciousness Noise in the brain, decision-making, determinism, free will, and consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 764131401 Edmund T. Rolls Rolls, Edmund T. Edmund T. Rolls 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/764131401 01 eng 30 00

Noise caused by randomness in the spiking times of neurons in the brain has a number of advantages, including contributing to probabilistic decision-making. However, noise results in the brain operating effectively as a non-deterministic system, which has implications for free will. Noise also results in decisions being taken probabilistically between the reasoning system and the implicit reward system. I propose that free will can be used to describe the operation of the reasoning system, and that consciousness is a property of a reasoning system that must use higher order syntactic thoughts (HOSTs) to correct its first order thoughts. When the implicit system takes a decision, we may confabulate a reason for the decision, and in that case the feeling of free will may be an illusion.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.17vog 06 10.1075/aicr.79.17vog 121 128 8 Article 17 01 04 Social consciousness Social consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 497131402 Kai Vogeley Vogeley, Kai Kai Vogeley 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/497131402 01 eng 30 00

Experiencing oneself as autonomous agent who interacts with others depends on the cognitive capacities of self-consciousness as awareness of ones own mental states and social consciousness as knowledge of other persons minds. The study of neural correlates of these capacities elicits an impressive overlap with the so-called “default mode of brain function” as a neurobiological universal of mammalian brains. This empirical observation stimulates the speculation that one major cognitive function of the neural default mode is social cognition which conversely implies that humans have a disposition for social cognition that is reflected in this neural default mode.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.18sha 06 10.1075/aicr.79.18sha 129 138 10 Article 18 01 04 Consciousness and language Consciousness and language 01 04 A processing perspective A processing perspective 1 A01 01 JB code 175131403 Michael Sharwood Smith Sharwood Smith, Michael Michael Sharwood Smith 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/175131403 2 A01 01 JB code 846131404 John Truscott Truscott, John John Truscott 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/846131404 01 eng 30 00

Our conscious control of language and its acquisition is strictly limited. A processing-oriented perspective to explain this will be outlined called MOGUL according to which some linguistic processes are inherently unconscious while others can be either conscious or not. The former involve representations, found in the dedicated, uniquely human language module, whose sealed-off nature does not permit the  activation levels necessary for conscious experience to take place. However, language knowledge created by cognitive processes that are not specifically linguistic, that is, created outside the language module, can indeed be raised to consciousness. This is because they are more directly connected to the perceptual system and are accordingly open to much higher levels of activation.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.19kuh 06 10.1075/aicr.79.19kuh 139 148 10 Article 19 01 04 Cognitive illusions Cognitive illusions 01 04 From magic to science From magic to science 1 A01 01 JB code 534131405 Gustav Kuhn Kuhn, Gustav Gustav Kuhn 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/534131405 01 eng 30 00

Magicians have developed powerful techniques to manipulate our perception and awareness. Many of these techniques share similarities with phenomena typically investigated by psychologists and neuroscientists. Here a novel approach to the study of consciousness is proposed which utilizes the magician’s expertise to complement more traditional experimental laboratory based research. It is argued that this approach offers new and exciting insights into wide areas of consciousness, such as attention, visual awareness and top-down modulation of perception.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.20rev 06 10.1075/aicr.79.20rev 149 154 6 Article 20 01 04 Dreaming as a model system for consciousness research Dreaming as a model system for consciousness research 1 A01 01 JB code 276131406 Antti Revonsuo Revonsuo, Antti Antti Revonsuo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/276131406 2 A01 01 JB code 782131407 Katja Valli Valli, Katja Katja Valli 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/782131407 01 eng 30 00

Based on biological realism, that is, the philosophical assumption that consciousness is a real natural biological phenomenon in the brain, we argue that dreaming is a pure form of phenomenality, and suggest that the dreaming brain could be used as a model system for consciousness. The dreaming brain offers the most challenging model system that represents all the theoretically and philosophically interesting features of consciousness. Although difficult to study experimentally, the dreaming brain is the model system that fully preserves all the essential features of consciousness, and cannot be ignored by any theory that aims to explain consciousness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.21hob 06 10.1075/aicr.79.21hob 155 166 12 Article 21 01 04 Lucid dreaming and the bimodality of consciousness Lucid dreaming and the bimodality of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 572131408 Allan Hobson Hobson, Allan Allan Hobson 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/572131408 2 A01 01 JB code 142131409 Ursula Voss Voss, Ursula Ursula Voss 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/142131409 01 eng 30 00

In this essay, we develop our working hypothesis that consciousness in primates and humans is a state-dependent commodity that has at least two expressions. Waking and dreaming are two such states that differ in conscious awareness. In both states, we are perceptive and emotional. Whereas in dreaming, our thoughts are delusional, however, waking consciousness potentiates volition and reflection. We propose that dreaming is a state of primary consciousness, while usually, secondary consciousness is reserved to waking. Lucid dreaming is an extraordinary state with elements of both waking and dreaming and both primary and secondary consciousness. It is a rare but very real condition which is a promising tool in the study of the brain basis of consciousness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.22s3 06 10.1075/aicr.79.22s3 Section header 22 01 04 Section III. Psychopathologies and therapies Section III. Psychopathologies and therapies 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.23sol 06 10.1075/aicr.79.23sol 169 178 10 Article 23 01 04 Why depression feels bad Why depression feels bad 1 A01 01 JB code 26131410 Mark Solms Solms, Mark Mark Solms 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/26131410 2 A01 01 JB code 572131411 Jaak Panksepp Panksepp, Jaak Jaak Panksepp 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/572131411 01 eng 30 00

We believe that conscious mental phenomena (such as feelings) are not epiphenomenal to the workings of the brain. Feelings evolved for good biological reasons; they make specific, concrete contributions to brain functioning. Notwithstanding all the philosophical complexities, therefore, the non-conscious/conscious interactions that are the focus of this book are, in our view, causal interactions. To marginalize consciousness in relation to what is ultimately a cdualistic scientific understanding of how the brain works is likely to lead us astray. We illustrate this view by trying to address the question: why does depression feel bad?

01 01 JB code aicr.79.24col 06 10.1075/aicr.79.24col 179 186 8 Article 24 01 04 Dementia and the boundary between conscious and nonconscious awareness Dementia and the boundary between conscious and nonconscious awareness 1 A01 01 JB code 257131412 Daniel Collerton Collerton, Daniel Daniel Collerton 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/257131412 01 eng 30 00

Dementing illnesses massively damage the structures and processes thought to underlie consciousness. However, maintained alertness, preserved awareness, and the appearance of hallucinations in people with dementia all suggest that consciousness survives extreme challenge; implying that conscious processes are extremely robust, and conscious content invariably present.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.25cro 06 10.1075/aicr.79.25cro 187 200 14 Article 25 01 04 Consciousness as the spin-off and schizophrenia as the price of language Consciousness as the spin-off and schizophrenia as the price of language 1 A01 01 JB code 15131413 Timothy J. Crow Crow, Timothy J. Timothy J. Crow 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/15131413 01 eng 30 00

Hearing “voices”, the experience of thoughts as not one’s own, and incoherent speech are symptoms of mental illness (usually termed “schizophrenia”). Here I argue that (1) the “torque” is the feature that defines the human brain as four chambered by comparison with the two chambers of the generalized mammalian brain, (2) by separating “thought” from speech production in the frontal lobes, and “meaning” from speech perception in occipito-parieto-temporal association cortex the torque thereby confers on the species the capacity for language, and (3) the phenomena of psychosis can be seen as “leakage” from one to another of the four quadrants of association cortex. Thus consciousness is the spin-off and schizophrenia is the price that Homo sapiens pays for language.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.26beh 06 10.1075/aicr.79.26beh 201 214 14 Article 26 01 04 Consciousness and psychosis associated with schizophrenia Consciousness and psychosis associated with schizophrenia 01 04 The role of Cornu Ammonis Region 3 The role of Cornu Ammonis Region 3 1 A01 01 JB code 980131414 Ralf-Peter Behrendt Behrendt, Ralf-Peter Ralf-Peter Behrendt 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/980131414 01 eng 30 00

Information encoded by the autoassociation network of CA3 situates landmarks and objects within an allocentric frame of space and time. Guiding locomotion across the spatial environment, and generally organizing behaviour that transcends space and time, the hippocampus creates phenomenal space and time themselves, thus laying the foundations for conscious awareness. It is argued that conscious experience describes the informational content of self-organizing activity patterns in CA3. Excessive pyramidal cell activity in CA3, due to deficient inhibition by GABAergic basket interneurons, leading to event memory formation unrestrained by entorhinal input may be a mechanism for the generation of hallucinations in schizophrenia.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.27ffy 06 10.1075/aicr.79.27ffy 215 226 12 Article 27 01 04 The visual unconscious The visual unconscious 01 04 Perspectives from the Charles Bonnet Syndrome Perspectives from the Charles Bonnet Syndrome 1 A01 01 JB code 666131415 Dominic H. ffytche ffytche, Dominic H. Dominic H. ffytche 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/666131415 01 eng 30 00

Neurobiological accounts of consciousness typically partition brain activity into two components: one correlated with conscious experience (the neural correlate of consciousness) and the other not. Here I use evidence derived from visual hallucinations in the context of eye disease – the Charles Bonnet Syndrome – to examine the nature of what might be termed the visual unconscious. Forcing us to reconsider the nature of the unconscious, this hidden system of modular processing underlies our apparently seamless conscious visual experience of the world with many of its complex functions yet to be recognised by visual science.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.28sed 06 10.1075/aicr.79.28sed 227 238 12 Article 28 01 04 Believing is hearing is believing Believing is hearing is believing 01 04 The reciprocal nature of consciousness The reciprocal nature of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 598131416 William Sedley Sedley, William William Sedley 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/598131416 01 eng 30 00

Auditory consciousness takes many forms. Some of these, such as auditory perception and imagination, are familiar to nearly all people, which others, such as tinnitus or hearing voices, are rare and unfamiliar to most. This chapter proposes a simplified conceptual model of the auditory system, involving bottom-up influences from the lower auditory pathways and top-down influences from higher evaluative mechanisms. This model is used to explain auditory perception, hallucinations and illusions based, for each phenomenon, on only minor variations from the normally functioning system. Neuroimaging and electrophysiological correlates of these processes are discussed, along with their inability to qualitatively differentiate conscious from unconscious processes, and how we might approach this problem in future.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.29dag 06 10.1075/aicr.79.29dag 239 248 10 Article 29 01 04 Dreaming as a physiological psychosis Dreaming as a physiological psychosis 01 04 Connecting states of consciousness Connecting states of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 257131417 Armando D'Agostino D'Agostino, Armando Armando D'Agostino 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/257131417 2 A01 01 JB code 830131418 Ivan Limosani Limosani, Ivan Ivan Limosani 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/830131418 3 A01 01 JB code 456131419 Silvio Scarone Scarone, Silvio Silvio Scarone 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/456131419 01 eng 30 00

Periodicity, hallucinatory phenomena and lack of awareness of one’s detachment from reality seem to connect the subjective experience of dreaming to that of psychosis. Both can be considered fully conscious states of the brain/mind, with an immediate influence of non-conscious elements caused by an impaired interaction with the external world. Psychological and pharmacological induction of lucidity in dreams may prove useful in the comprehension of acute psychoses and in clinical practice.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.30par 06 10.1075/aicr.79.30par 249 258 10 Article 30 01 04 Conscious awareness versus optimistic beliefs in recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users Conscious awareness versus optimistic beliefs in recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users 1 A01 01 JB code 206131420 Andrew Parrott Parrott, Andrew Andrew Parrott 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/206131420 01 eng 30 00

The willingness of humans to take psychoactive drugs may reflect an unconscious optimism bias, where users focus on desired aims rather than actual consequences. A series of in-depth interviews will illustrate the experiences and explicit knowledge of recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users. Next an unpublished empirical study will be described, where four subgroups of Ecstasy users reported that MDMA loses its efficacy over time, while drug-related distress increased. As this cost-benefit ratio deteriorates, users take MDMA less frequently, before quitting permanently. The in-depth personal knowledge of experienced Ecstasy users might be useful for drugs education packages, since it could replace unconscious optimism with greater conscious awareness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.31ben 06 10.1075/aicr.79.31ben 259 268 10 Article 31 01 04 Conscious and unconscious placebo responses Conscious and unconscious placebo responses 01 04 How the ritual of the therapeutic act changes the patient's brain How the ritual of the therapeutic act changes the patient’s brain 1 A01 01 JB code 995131421 Fabrizio Benedetti Benedetti, Fabrizio Fabrizio Benedetti 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/995131421 01 eng 30 00

The study of the placebo response is basically the study of the psychosocial context around the therapy, which constitutes the ritual of the therapeutic act, and of its effects on the patient’s brain. Many mechanisms are involved, both conscious, like expectation of a future outcome, and unconscious, such as classical conditioning. Overall, recent research indicates that different social stimuli, first and foremost the therapist’s words, may induce cellular and molecular changes in the patient’s brain, thus placing psychotherapy into the neurobiological domain.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.32s4 06 10.1075/aicr.79.32s4 Section header 32 01 04 Section IV. Expanding boundaries Section IV. Expanding boundaries 01 eng 01 01 JB code aicr.79.33ran 06 10.1075/aicr.79.33ran 271 280 10 Article 33 01 04 The paradoxes of creativity The paradoxes of creativity 1 A01 01 JB code 782131422 Ashish Ranpura Ranpura, Ashish Ashish Ranpura 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/782131422 2 A01 01 JB code 456131423 Mark F. Lythgoe Lythgoe, Mark F. Mark F. Lythgoe 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/456131423 01 eng 30 00

Creativity is the crowning jewel of human cognition, the ability that most uniquely characterizes our species. At the heart of subjective accounts of creativity are three deeply paradoxical features. First, creative acts are widely considered acts of self-expression, yet by many accounts the creative experience is selfless and only partially volitional. Second, creative activity is often hypnotically engrossing, while psychological theories about creativity emphasize loose, defocussed thinking. Third, loose associations during creative acts might be profligate and degenerate, but creative products are often highly specific and optimal. Here we present two novel hypotheses which might explain the paradoxical nature of subjective accounts of creativity. First, we suggest that creativity requires a “quiet mind,” simultaneously focused and disinhibited. Second, we describe how this paradoxical activity in the cerebral cortex might support the Darwinian selection engine, a previously-proposed network-level mechanism for organizing and developing mental representations.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.34lut 06 10.1075/aicr.79.34lut 281 288 8 Article 34 01 04 Potential contributions of research on meditation to the neuroscience of consciousness Potential contributions of research on meditation to the neuroscience of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 175131424 Antoine Lutz Lutz, Antoine Antoine Lutz 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/175131424 01 eng 30 00

Exploring the initial findings of neuroscientific research on meditation, new horizons of further inquiry in consciousness research are apparent. While such studies of contemplative practices are still in their infancy, early findings promise to contribute in three key areas. These include: Neuroplasticity – physiological and psychological indices of short and long terms responses of the brain circuits that underlie complex mental functions associated with specific types of meditation techniques ; Mind body Interactions – revealing mechanisms by which such training may exert beneficial effects on physical health; and Subjectivity – well developed introspective skills of practitioners potentially shedding new light on the neural counterpart of subjectivity.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.35gan 06 10.1075/aicr.79.35gan 289 300 12 Article 35 01 04 Self-induced altered states of consciousness Self-induced altered states of consciousness 1 A01 01 JB code 85131425 Bangalore N. Gangadhar Gangadhar, Bangalore N. Bangalore N. Gangadhar 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/85131425 2 A01 01 JB code 733131431 Naren P. Rao Rao, Naren P. Naren P. Rao 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/733131431 01 eng 30 00

Consciousness can be altered willfully. There are different methods to induce altered state of consciousness including psychological means. While some such induced states are pathological many others are not. Indian and other eastern concepts emphasize one can induce "higher states of consciousness" oneself. Physiological changes are observed in these altered states of consciousness that point to a neural basis.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.36rad 06 10.1075/aicr.79.36rad 301 308 8 Article 36 01 04 Beyond the boundaries of the brain Beyond the boundaries of the brain 1 A01 01 JB code 407131427 Dean Radin Radin, Dean Dean Radin 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/407131427 01 eng 30 00

Does telepathy – a purported means of communication unmediated by the ordinary senses – exist? Experimental evidence, meta-analyses and debates suggesting an affirmative answer can be found in a growing number of mainstream journals, and a physical basis for telepathy appears to be increasingly plausible based upon considerations of quantum holism and advancements in quantum information processing. Future neuroscience models of conscious and unconscious perception may be obliged to take into account a common human experience once dismissed as mere superstition.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.37per 06 10.1075/aicr.79.37per 309 324 16 Article 37 01 04 Plants of the gods and shamanic journeys Plants of the gods and shamanic journeys 1 A01 01 JB code 157131428 Elaine K. Perry Perry, Elaine K. Elaine K. Perry 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/157131428 2 A01 01 JB code 797131429 Valerie Laws Laws, Valerie Valerie Laws 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/797131429 01 eng 30 00

Among agents which alter the boundary between conscious and non conscious cognition, the ritualistic use of plant species (often in a spiritual context, hence ‘plants of the gods’) provides an example of long-standing empirical knowledge subsequently verified by scientific (chemical, pharmacological and psychological) evidence. Based on such an impressive record of acquired knowledge, exploration of experiences of the shaman, who deliberately enters an altered state of consciousness to obtain otherwise inaccessible information allegedly from other ‘dimensions’ of consciousness, may contribute new insights in the neuroscience of consciousness.

01 01 JB code aicr.79.38index 06 10.1075/aicr.79.38index 325 330 6 Miscellaneous 38 01 04 Index Index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/aicr.79 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20101028 C 2010 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2010 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027252159 WORLD 09 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 https://jbe-platform.com 29 https://jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027288042 21 01 00 Unqualified price 02 99.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 02 83.00 GBP GB 01 00 Unqualified price 02 149.00 USD