978001983 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code ARLA 2 Pb 15 9789027254627 BC 01 ARLA 02 1568-1467 Annual Review of Language Acquisition 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Annual Review of Language Acquisition</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Volume 2 (2002)</Subtitle> 01 arla.2 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/arla.2 1 B01 Lynn Santelmann Santelmann, Lynn Lynn Santelmann 2 B01 Maaike Verrips Verrips, Maaike Maaike Verrips 3 B01 Frank Wijnen Wijnen, Frank Frank Wijnen 01 eng 206 iv 202 LAN009000 v.2006 CF 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.LA Language acquisition 06 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/arla.2.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027254627.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027254627.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/arla.2.pb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/arla.2.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/arla.2.pb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/arla.2.pb.png 10 01 JB code arla.2.01art Section header 1 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Articles</TitleText> 10 01 JB code arla.2.02ger 1 36 36 Article 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Early sensitivity to linguistic form</TitleText> 1 A01 LouAnn Gerken Gerken, LouAnn LouAnn Gerken University of Arizona 10 01 JB code arla.2.03bec 37 58 22 Article 3 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">The development of the copula in Child English</TitleText> <TitlePrefix>The </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">development of the copula in Child English</TitleWithoutPrefix> <Subtitle textformat="02">The lightness of <i>be</i></Subtitle> 1 A01 Misha Becker Becker, Misha Misha Becker University of North Carolina Chapel Hill 01 The dissertation summarized here provides an account of the fact that young children acquiring English (around age 2) often produce utterances like (1), in which they omit a form of the copula, <i>be</i>. <br /> (1)I in the kitchen. <br /> Children’s production of forms like (1) is interesting for two main reasons: firstly, utterances like these do not occur in the input (adult English); secondly, children’s omission of the copula conforms to a systematic pattern (it is neither across the board, nor haphazard). In particular, children omit the copula far less frequently in utterances like (2). <br /> (2)He’s a dog. <br /> The difference between the constructions in (1) and (2) can be characterized in terms of the well-known semantic stage-level/individual-level contrast. That is, a location such as ‘in the kitchen’ denotes a stage-level property of the subject; a predicate such as ‘a dog’ denotes an individual-level property of the subject. I argue for a syntactic difference between stage- and individual-level predicates: stage-level predicates contain additional functional structure (AspP) that individual-level predicates lack. Cross-linguistic support for this proposal is provided. <br /> As for why children acquiring English omit the copula in main clauses, I link this to the fact that non-finite main clauses are permitted in child English. I define finiteness in terms of a binding relation between an abstract Tense Operator (T<sub>OP</sub>) (located in CP) and Infl. In certain grammars (among them child English) T<sub>OP</sub> may bind Asp instead of Infl, if Asp is projected in the particular clause. However, this binding relation does not result in the clause being finite. Since Asp is projected in clauses with stage-level predicates, but not in those with individual-level predicates, it follows that stage-level predicates may occur in non-finite clauses while individual-level predicates occur with a finite clause. Coupled with the hypothesis that an overt copula is finite (in the sample studied here it is inflected over 99% of the time) and an omitted copula indicates non-finiteness, the pattern of copula omission and production in child English is accounted for. 10 01 JB code arla.2.04ham 59 84 26 Article 4 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Derived words in the lexicon of Polish children</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">The role of word structure in derivational rule acquisition</Subtitle> 1 A01 Ewa Haman Haman, Ewa Ewa Haman Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw 01 The present work is an attempt to explain how the structure of derived words influences the order of acquisition of word formation rules. Three main types of derivatives — transpositions, modifications and mutations — are investigated in Polish child language. The differences among the three categories (analyzed in nouns, verbs and adjectives) are discussed, regarding semantic and formal changes undergone in the process of forming complex words. It is claimed that semantic-formal correspondence is an essential factor influencing the order of acquisition of word formation rules. Modifications in which the correspondence is both preserved and has a simple character emerge earlier than the other types of derivatives — transpositions (the correspondence is broken) and mutations (the correspondence is complex). The proposal is said to be complementary to Clark’s principles of acquisition of complex words (Clark, 1993). <br /> Polish has a very rich word formation system (compared e.g. with English), thus the analysis of word formation acquisition in such a language seems to be especially important for developmental psycholinguistic research. The proposal is tested on four Polish children’s speech diaries available in CHILDES (Smoczynska, 1998). All data available from ages two to seven were analyzed. The analyses revealed that indeed modifications are acquired earlier than transpositions and mutations. The consequences of the finding for psycholinguistic theory are discussed. 10 01 JB code arla.2.05ram 85 115 31 Article 5 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Language discrimination by newborns</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Teasing apart phonotactic, rhythmic, and intonational cues</Subtitle> 1 A01 Franck Ramus Ramus, Franck Franck Ramus Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique (EHESS/CNRS), Paris, France 20 bootstrapping 20 intonation 20 language discrimination 20 newborn speech perception 20 prosody 20 rhythm 01 Speech rhythm has long been claimed to be a useful bootstrapping cue in the very first steps of language acquisition. Previous studies have suggested that newborn infants do categorize varieties of speech rhythm, as demonstrated by their ability to discriminate between certain languages. However, the existing evidence is not unequivocal: in previous studies, stimuli discriminated by newborns always contained additional speech cues on top of rhythm. Here, we conducted a series of experiments assessing discrimination between Dutch and Japanese by newborn infants, using a speech resynthesis technique to progressively degrade non-rhythmical properties of the sentences. When the stimuli are resynthesized using identical phonemes and artificial intonation contours for the two languages, thereby preserving only their rhythmic and broad phonotactic structure, newborns still seem to be able to discriminate between the two languages, but the effect is weaker than when intonation is present. This leaves open the possibility that the temporal correlation between intonational and rhythmic cues might actually facilitate the processing of speech rhythm. 10 01 JB code arla.2.06ros 117 155 39 Article 6 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Relations between segmental and prosodic structure in first language acquisition</TitleText> 1 A01 Yvan Rose Rose, Yvan Yvan Rose Memorial University of Newfoundland 01 In this paper, I discuss a number of relations that take place between melodic content and higher prosodic structure in first language phonological development. I explore acquisition patterns found in data on the acquisition of Québec French. Starting with the observation that prosodic structure and, more specifically, stressed syllables, play a central role in phonological acquisition, I hypothesize that the inter-relations between prosodic and segmental structure posited by formal models of phonological organisation should be witnessed within and across developmental stages. I support this hypothesis through two findings from the French data. First, complex onsets emerge in stressed syllables before unstressed ones. Second, different types of consonants (placeless versus place-specified) emerge in word-final position at different stages. From these observations, I argue that the phenomena observed in these data are best captured in an analysis based on constituent structure and relationships between feature specification and prosodic constituency, which are governed by universal markedness. 10 01 JB code arla.2.07sar 157 201 45 Article 7 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Saute ça / “Jump this!</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">The acquisition of the <i>faire faire</i> causative by first and second language learners of French</Subtitle> 1 A01 Mela Sarkar Sarkar, Mela Mela Sarkar Faculty of Education, McGill University 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20021022 2002 John Benjamins 04 US CA MX 08 300 gr 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 01 WORLD US CA MX 21 5 40 01 02 JB 1 00 75.00 EUR R 02 02 JB 1 00 79.50 EUR R 01 JB 10 bebc +44 1202 712 934 +44 1202 712 913 sales@bebc.co.uk 03 GB 21 40 02 02 JB 1 00 63.00 GBP Z 978001983 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code ARLA 2 Pb 15 9781588113122 BC 01 ARLA 02 1568-1467 Annual Review of Language Acquisition 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Annual Review of Language Acquisition</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Volume 2 (2002)</Subtitle> 01 arla.2 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/arla.2 1 B01 Lynn Santelmann Santelmann, Lynn Lynn Santelmann 2 B01 Maaike Verrips Verrips, Maaike Maaike Verrips 3 B01 Frank Wijnen Wijnen, Frank Frank Wijnen 01 eng 206 iv 202 LAN009000 v.2006 CF 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.LA Language acquisition 06 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/arla.2.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027254627.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027254627.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/arla.2.pb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/arla.2.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/arla.2.pb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/arla.2.pb.png 10 01 JB code arla.2.01art Section header 1 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Articles</TitleText> 10 01 JB code arla.2.02ger 1 36 36 Article 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Early sensitivity to linguistic form</TitleText> 1 A01 LouAnn Gerken Gerken, LouAnn LouAnn Gerken University of Arizona 10 01 JB code arla.2.03bec 37 58 22 Article 3 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">The development of the copula in Child English</TitleText> <TitlePrefix>The </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">development of the copula in Child English</TitleWithoutPrefix> <Subtitle textformat="02">The lightness of <i>be</i></Subtitle> 1 A01 Misha Becker Becker, Misha Misha Becker University of North Carolina Chapel Hill 01 The dissertation summarized here provides an account of the fact that young children acquiring English (around age 2) often produce utterances like (1), in which they omit a form of the copula, <i>be</i>. <br /> (1)I in the kitchen. <br /> Children’s production of forms like (1) is interesting for two main reasons: firstly, utterances like these do not occur in the input (adult English); secondly, children’s omission of the copula conforms to a systematic pattern (it is neither across the board, nor haphazard). In particular, children omit the copula far less frequently in utterances like (2). <br /> (2)He’s a dog. <br /> The difference between the constructions in (1) and (2) can be characterized in terms of the well-known semantic stage-level/individual-level contrast. That is, a location such as ‘in the kitchen’ denotes a stage-level property of the subject; a predicate such as ‘a dog’ denotes an individual-level property of the subject. I argue for a syntactic difference between stage- and individual-level predicates: stage-level predicates contain additional functional structure (AspP) that individual-level predicates lack. Cross-linguistic support for this proposal is provided. <br /> As for why children acquiring English omit the copula in main clauses, I link this to the fact that non-finite main clauses are permitted in child English. I define finiteness in terms of a binding relation between an abstract Tense Operator (T<sub>OP</sub>) (located in CP) and Infl. In certain grammars (among them child English) T<sub>OP</sub> may bind Asp instead of Infl, if Asp is projected in the particular clause. However, this binding relation does not result in the clause being finite. Since Asp is projected in clauses with stage-level predicates, but not in those with individual-level predicates, it follows that stage-level predicates may occur in non-finite clauses while individual-level predicates occur with a finite clause. Coupled with the hypothesis that an overt copula is finite (in the sample studied here it is inflected over 99% of the time) and an omitted copula indicates non-finiteness, the pattern of copula omission and production in child English is accounted for. 10 01 JB code arla.2.04ham 59 84 26 Article 4 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Derived words in the lexicon of Polish children</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">The role of word structure in derivational rule acquisition</Subtitle> 1 A01 Ewa Haman Haman, Ewa Ewa Haman Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw 01 The present work is an attempt to explain how the structure of derived words influences the order of acquisition of word formation rules. Three main types of derivatives — transpositions, modifications and mutations — are investigated in Polish child language. The differences among the three categories (analyzed in nouns, verbs and adjectives) are discussed, regarding semantic and formal changes undergone in the process of forming complex words. It is claimed that semantic-formal correspondence is an essential factor influencing the order of acquisition of word formation rules. Modifications in which the correspondence is both preserved and has a simple character emerge earlier than the other types of derivatives — transpositions (the correspondence is broken) and mutations (the correspondence is complex). The proposal is said to be complementary to Clark’s principles of acquisition of complex words (Clark, 1993). <br /> Polish has a very rich word formation system (compared e.g. with English), thus the analysis of word formation acquisition in such a language seems to be especially important for developmental psycholinguistic research. The proposal is tested on four Polish children’s speech diaries available in CHILDES (Smoczynska, 1998). All data available from ages two to seven were analyzed. The analyses revealed that indeed modifications are acquired earlier than transpositions and mutations. The consequences of the finding for psycholinguistic theory are discussed. 10 01 JB code arla.2.05ram 85 115 31 Article 5 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Language discrimination by newborns</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Teasing apart phonotactic, rhythmic, and intonational cues</Subtitle> 1 A01 Franck Ramus Ramus, Franck Franck Ramus Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique (EHESS/CNRS), Paris, France 20 bootstrapping 20 intonation 20 language discrimination 20 newborn speech perception 20 prosody 20 rhythm 01 Speech rhythm has long been claimed to be a useful bootstrapping cue in the very first steps of language acquisition. Previous studies have suggested that newborn infants do categorize varieties of speech rhythm, as demonstrated by their ability to discriminate between certain languages. However, the existing evidence is not unequivocal: in previous studies, stimuli discriminated by newborns always contained additional speech cues on top of rhythm. Here, we conducted a series of experiments assessing discrimination between Dutch and Japanese by newborn infants, using a speech resynthesis technique to progressively degrade non-rhythmical properties of the sentences. When the stimuli are resynthesized using identical phonemes and artificial intonation contours for the two languages, thereby preserving only their rhythmic and broad phonotactic structure, newborns still seem to be able to discriminate between the two languages, but the effect is weaker than when intonation is present. This leaves open the possibility that the temporal correlation between intonational and rhythmic cues might actually facilitate the processing of speech rhythm. 10 01 JB code arla.2.06ros 117 155 39 Article 6 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Relations between segmental and prosodic structure in first language acquisition</TitleText> 1 A01 Yvan Rose Rose, Yvan Yvan Rose Memorial University of Newfoundland 01 In this paper, I discuss a number of relations that take place between melodic content and higher prosodic structure in first language phonological development. I explore acquisition patterns found in data on the acquisition of Québec French. Starting with the observation that prosodic structure and, more specifically, stressed syllables, play a central role in phonological acquisition, I hypothesize that the inter-relations between prosodic and segmental structure posited by formal models of phonological organisation should be witnessed within and across developmental stages. I support this hypothesis through two findings from the French data. First, complex onsets emerge in stressed syllables before unstressed ones. Second, different types of consonants (placeless versus place-specified) emerge in word-final position at different stages. From these observations, I argue that the phenomena observed in these data are best captured in an analysis based on constituent structure and relationships between feature specification and prosodic constituency, which are governed by universal markedness. 10 01 JB code arla.2.07sar 157 201 45 Article 7 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Saute ça / “Jump this!</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">The acquisition of the <i>faire faire</i> causative by first and second language learners of French</Subtitle> 1 A01 Mela Sarkar Sarkar, Mela Mela Sarkar Faculty of Education, McGill University 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20021022 2002 John Benjamins 02 US CA MX 08 300 gr 01 JB 2 John Benjamins North America +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 01 US CA MX 21 40 01 gen 02 JB 1 00 113.00 USD