291017384 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code BCT 84 GE 15 9789027266958 06 10.1075/bct.84 13 2016024450 00 EA E133 10 01 JB code BCT 02 JB code 1874-0081 02 84.00 01 02 Benjamins Current Topics Benjamins Current Topics 01 01 "Happiness" and "Pain" across Languages and Cultures “Happiness” and “Pain” across Languages and Cultures 1 B01 01 JB code 434253405 Cliff Goddard Goddard, Cliff Cliff Goddard Griffith University 2 B01 01 JB code 739253406 Zhengdao Ye Ye, Zhengdao Zhengdao Ye Australian National University 01 eng 11 151 03 03 vi 03 00 145 03 24 JB code LIN.ANTHR Anthropological Linguistics 24 JB code LIN.COGN Cognition and language 24 JB code LIN.SEMAN Semantics 24 JB code LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 10 LAN009000 12 CFG 01 06 02 00 In the fast-growing fields of happiness studies and pain research, which have attracted scholars from diverse disciplines including psychology, philosophy, medicine, and economics, this volume provides a much-needed cross-linguistic perspective.
03 00 In the fast-growing fields of happiness studies and pain research, which have attracted scholars from diverse disciplines including psychology, philosophy, medicine, and economics, this volume provides a much-needed cross-linguistic perspective. It centres on the question of how much ways of talking and thinking about happiness and pain vary across cultures, and seeks to answer this question by empirically examining the core vocabulary pertaining to “happiness” and “pain” in many languages and in different religious and cultural traditions. The authors not only probe the precise meanings of the expressions in question, but also provide extensive cultural contextualization, showing how these meanings are truly cultural. Methodologically, while in full agreement with the view of many social scientists and economists that self-reports are the bedrock of happiness research, the volume presents a body of evidence highlighting the problem of translation and showing how local concepts of “happiness” and “pain” can be understood without an Anglo bias. The languages examined include (Mandarin) Chinese, Danish, English, French, German, Japanese, Koromu (a Papua New Guinean language), and Latin American Spanish.
Originally published in International Journal of Language and Culture Vol. 1:2 (2014).
01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/bct.84.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027242723.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027242723.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/bct.84.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/bct.84.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/bct.84.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/bct.84.hb.png
01 01 JB code bct.84.s1 06 10.1075/bct.84.s1 Section header 1 01 04 Articles Articles 01 01 JB code bct.84.01god 06 10.1075/bct.84.01god 1 18 18 Article 2 01 04 Exploring "happiness" and "pain" across languages and cultures Exploring “happiness” and “pain” across languages and cultures 1 A01 01 JB code 541266632 Cliff Goddard Goddard, Cliff Cliff Goddard Griffith University 2 A01 01 JB code 849266633 Zhengdao Ye Ye, Zhengdao Zhengdao Ye Australian National University 01 01 JB code bct.84.02wie 06 10.1075/bct.84.02wie 19 43 25 Article 3 01 04 "Pain" and "suffering" in cross-linguistic perspective “Pain” and “suffering” in cross-linguistic perspective 1 A01 01 JB code 733266634 Anna Wierzbicka Wierzbicka, Anna Anna Wierzbicka Australian National University 01 01 JB code bct.84.03lev 06 10.1075/bct.84.03lev 45 64 20 Article 4 01 04 The story of "Danish Happiness" The story of “Danish Happiness” 01 04 Global discourse and local semantics Global discourse and local semantics 1 A01 01 JB code 484266635 Carsten Levisen Levisen, Carsten Carsten Levisen Roskilde University 01 01 JB code bct.84.04ye 06 10.1075/bct.84.04ye 65 86 22 Article 5 01 04 The meaning of "happiness" (xingfu) and "emotional pain" (tongku) in Chinese The meaning of “happiness” (xìngfú) and “emotional pain” (tòngkŭ) in Chinese 1 A01 01 JB code 197266636 Zhengdao Ye Ye, Zhengdao Zhengdao Ye Australian National University 01 01 JB code bct.84.05asa 06 10.1075/bct.84.05asa 87 108 22 Article 6 01 04 Japanese interpretations of "pain" and the use of psychomimes Japanese interpretations of “pain” and the use of psychomimes 1 A01 01 JB code 813266637 Yuko Asano-Cavanagh Asano-Cavanagh, Yuko Yuko Asano-Cavanagh Curtin University 01 01 JB code bct.84.06bul 06 10.1075/bct.84.06bul 109 122 14 Article 7 01 04 Some remarks on "pain" in Latin American Spanish Some remarks on “pain” in Latin American Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 569266638 Zuzanna Bułat-Silva Bułat-Silva, Zuzanna Zuzanna Bułat-Silva Australian National University 01 01 JB code bct.84.07pri 06 10.1075/bct.84.07pri 123 141 19 Article 8 01 04 The semantics and morphosyntax of tare "hurt/pain" in Koromu (PNG) The semantics and morphosyntax of tare “hurt/pain” in Koromu (PNG) 01 04 Verbal and nominal constructions Verbal and nominal constructions 1 A01 01 JB code 349266639 Carol Priestley Priestley, Carol Carol Priestley Griffith University 01 01 JB code bct.84.08ind 06 10.1075/bct.84.08ind 143 145 3 Article 9 01 04 Index Index 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20160726 C 2016 John Benjamins D 2016 John Benjamins 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027242723 WORLD 03 01 JB 17 Google 03 https://play.google.com/store/books 21 01 00 Unqualified price 00 85.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 00 71.00 GBP 01 00 Unqualified price 00 128.00 USD
296016796 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code BCT 84 Eb 15 9789027266958 06 10.1075/bct.84 13 2016024450 00 EA E107 10 01 JB code BCT 02 1874-0081 02 84.00 01 02 Benjamins Current Topics Benjamins Current Topics 11 01 JB code jbe-all 01 02 Full EBA collection (ca. 4,200 titles) 11 01 JB code jbe-2016 01 02 2016 collection (147 titles) 05 02 2016 collection 01 01 "Happiness" and "Pain" across Languages and Cultures “Happiness” and “Pain” across Languages and Cultures 1 B01 01 JB code 434253405 Cliff Goddard Goddard, Cliff Cliff Goddard Griffith University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/434253405 2 B01 01 JB code 739253406 Zhengdao Ye Ye, Zhengdao Zhengdao Ye Australian National University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/739253406 01 eng 11 151 03 03 vi 03 00 145 03 01 23 152.4/2014 03 2016 P325.5.E56 04 Semantics. 04 Emotions--Cross-culural studies. 04 Language and emotions--Cross-cultural studies. 04 Intercultural communication. 04 Metalanguage. 04 Psycholinguistics. 10 LAN009000 12 CFG 24 JB code LIN.ANTHR Anthropological Linguistics 24 JB code LIN.COGN Cognition and language 24 JB code LIN.SEMAN Semantics 24 JB code LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 01 06 02 00 In the fast-growing fields of happiness studies and pain research, which have attracted scholars from diverse disciplines including psychology, philosophy, medicine, and economics, this volume provides a much-needed cross-linguistic perspective.
03 00 In the fast-growing fields of happiness studies and pain research, which have attracted scholars from diverse disciplines including psychology, philosophy, medicine, and economics, this volume provides a much-needed cross-linguistic perspective. It centres on the question of how much ways of talking and thinking about happiness and pain vary across cultures, and seeks to answer this question by empirically examining the core vocabulary pertaining to “happiness” and “pain” in many languages and in different religious and cultural traditions. The authors not only probe the precise meanings of the expressions in question, but also provide extensive cultural contextualization, showing how these meanings are truly cultural. Methodologically, while in full agreement with the view of many social scientists and economists that self-reports are the bedrock of happiness research, the volume presents a body of evidence highlighting the problem of translation and showing how local concepts of “happiness” and “pain” can be understood without an Anglo bias. The languages examined include (Mandarin) Chinese, Danish, English, French, German, Japanese, Koromu (a Papua New Guinean language), and Latin American Spanish.
Originally published in International Journal of Language and Culture Vol. 1:2 (2014).
01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/bct.84.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027242723.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027242723.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/bct.84.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/bct.84.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/bct.84.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/bct.84.hb.png
01 01 JB code bct.84.s1 06 10.1075/bct.84.s1 Section header 1 01 04 Articles Articles 01 eng 01 01 JB code bct.84.01god 06 10.1075/bct.84.01god 1 18 18 Article 2 01 04 Exploring "happiness" and "pain" across languages and cultures Exploring “happiness” and “pain” across languages and cultures 1 A01 01 JB code 541266632 Cliff Goddard Goddard, Cliff Cliff Goddard Griffith University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/541266632 2 A01 01 JB code 849266633 Zhengdao Ye Ye, Zhengdao Zhengdao Ye Australian National University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/849266633 01 eng 30 00

This chapter argues that the cross-linguistic study of subjective experience as expressed, described and construed in language cannot be set on a sound footing without the aid of a systematic and non-Anglocentric approach to lexical semantic analysis. This conclusion follows from two facts, one theoretical and one empirical. The first is the crucial role of language in accessing and communicating about feelings. The second is the demonstrated existence of substantial, culture-related differences between the meanings of emotional expressions in the languages of the world. We contend that the NSM approach to semantic and cultural analysis (Wierzbicka 1996; Gladkova 2010; Levisen 2012; Goddard 2011; Goddard and Wierzbicka 2014a; Wong 2014; among other works) provides the necessary conceptual and analytical framework to come to grips with these facts. This is demonstrated in practice by the studies of “happiness-like” and “pain-like” expressions across eight languages, undertaken in the present volume. At the same time as probing the precise meanings of these expressions, the authors provide extensive cultural contextualization, showing in some detail how the meanings they are analyzing are truly “cultural meanings”. The project exemplified by the volume can also be read as a linguistically-anchored contribution to cultural psychology (Shweder 2004, 2003), the quest to understand and appreciate the mental life of others in a full spirit of psychological pluralism.

01 01 JB code bct.84.02wie 06 10.1075/bct.84.02wie 19 43 25 Article 3 01 04 "Pain" and "suffering" in cross-linguistic perspective “Pain” and “suffering” in cross-linguistic perspective 1 A01 01 JB code 733266634 Anna Wierzbicka Wierzbicka, Anna Anna Wierzbicka Australian National University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/733266634 01 eng 30 00

This chapter builds on findings of the author’s 1999 book Emotions Across Languages and Cultures: Diversity and Universals, which tentatively identified eleven universals pertaining to human emotions. The chapter probes some of those “emotional universals” further, especially in relation to “laughing”, “crying”, and “pain”. At the same time, the author continues her campaign against pseudo-universals, focussing in particular on the anthropological and philosophical discourse of “suffering”. The chapter argues for the Christian origins of the concept of “suffering” lexically embodied in European languages, and contrasts it with the Buddhist concept of “dukkha”, usually rendered in Anglophone discussions of Buddhism with the word suffering.

01 01 JB code bct.84.03lev 06 10.1075/bct.84.03lev 45 64 20 Article 4 01 04 The story of "Danish Happiness" The story of “Danish Happiness” 01 04 Global discourse and local semantics Global discourse and local semantics 1 A01 01 JB code 484266635 Carsten Levisen Levisen, Carsten Carsten Levisen Roskilde University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/484266635 01 eng 30 00

According to a new global narrative, the Danes are the happiest people in the world. This chapter takes a critical look at the international media discourse of “happiness”, tracing its roots and underlying assumptions. Equipped with the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach to linguistic and cultural analysis, a new in-depth semantic analysis of the story of “Danish happiness” is developed. It turns out that the allegedly happiest people on earth do not (usually) talk and think about life in terms of “happiness”, but rather through a different set of cultural concepts and scripts, all guided by the Danish cultural keyword lykke. The semantics of lykke is explicated along with two related concepts livsglæde, roughly, ‘life joy’ and livslyst ‘life pleasure’, and based on semantic and ethnopragmatic analysis, a set of lykke-related cultural scripts is provided. With new evidence from Danish, it is argued that global Anglo-International “happiness discourse” misrepresents local meanings and values, and that the one-sided focus on “happiness across nations” in the social sciences is in dire need of cross-linguistic confrontation. The chapter calls for a post-happiness turn in the study of words and values across languages, and for a new critical awareness of linguistic and conceptual biases in Anglo-international discourse.

01 01 JB code bct.84.04ye 06 10.1075/bct.84.04ye 65 86 22 Article 5 01 04 The meaning of "happiness" (xingfu) and "emotional pain" (tongku) in Chinese The meaning of “happiness” (xìngfú) and “emotional pain” (tòngkŭ) in Chinese 1 A01 01 JB code 197266636 Zhengdao Ye Ye, Zhengdao Zhengdao Ye Australian National University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/197266636 01 eng 30 00

This chapter undertakes detailed meaning analyses of xìngfú, a concept central to contemporary Chinese discourse on “happiness,” and its opposite tòngkŭ (‘emotional anguish/suffering/pain’). Drawing data from five Chinese corpora and applying the semantic techniques developed by Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) researchers, the present study reveals a conceptualization of happiness that is markedly different from that encoded in the English concept of happiness. Particularly, the analysis shows that the Chinese conception of xìngfú is relational in nature, being firmly anchored in interpersonal relationships. Loosely translatable as ‘a belief that one is loved and cared for’, xìngfú reflects the Chinese idea of love, which places emphasis on actions over words and is intrinsically related to other core cultural values, such as xiào (‘filial piety’). The chapter relates semantic discussion directly to recent research on happiness and subjective well-being involving Chinese subjects, highlighting and problematizing the role of language in the emergent and fast-growing field of happiness research and stressing the important role of culture in global “happiness studies”.

01 01 JB code bct.84.05asa 06 10.1075/bct.84.05asa 87 108 22 Article 6 01 04 Japanese interpretations of "pain" and the use of psychomimes Japanese interpretations of “pain” and the use of psychomimes 1 A01 01 JB code 813266637 Yuko Asano-Cavanagh Asano-Cavanagh, Yuko Yuko Asano-Cavanagh Curtin University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/813266637 01 eng 30 00

This chapter examines six Japanese psychomimes — zuki-zuki, kiri-kiri, shiku-shiku, chiku-chiku, hiri-hiri, and gan-gan — that express subtle differences in states or sensations regarding “pain”. It is generally recognized, however, that many languages lack words with the same meanings as these Japanese psychomimes and that their meanings are difficult to capture precisely. The definitions in Japanese-English dictionaries, for example, are not sufficient to explain the exact meanings and there is also the problem that each Japanese expression can correspond to several English verbs. This study applies the framework of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach to explicate the meaning of the six Japanese psychomimes. It makes reference to a corpus of naturally-occurring examples compiled from publicly available sources from physicians, patients, hospitals, and pharmaceutical companies. The analysis indicates that each psychomime conveys a vivid metaphorical meaning. The quality of the pain is suggested by reference to an imagined scenario of something moving inside a part of the body or touching part of the body. This imagined ‘something’ can be understood as something ‘sharp’ or as something similar to ‘fire’ or to ‘metal’. The use of psychomimes is an effective and efficient way for expressing and understanding “pain” in Japanese.

01 01 JB code bct.84.06bul 06 10.1075/bct.84.06bul 109 122 14 Article 7 01 04 Some remarks on "pain" in Latin American Spanish Some remarks on “pain” in Latin American Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 569266638 Zuzanna Bułat-Silva Bułat-Silva, Zuzanna Zuzanna Bułat-Silva Australian National University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/569266638 01 eng 30 00

The aim of this chapter is to examine the Spanish counterpart of pain, that is, the lexeme dolor. It seems that dolor, different from both English pain and French douleur, has two clearly distinguishable meanings, dolor1 referring to physical (and emotional) sensation of pain, and dolor2, a quite frequent emotion term belonging to the domain of “sadness.” This article examines different lexical occurrences of the word dolor, coming inter alia from tango lyrics, in order to support the above hypothesis.

01 01 JB code bct.84.07pri 06 10.1075/bct.84.07pri 123 141 19 Article 8 01 04 The semantics and morphosyntax of tare "hurt/pain" in Koromu (PNG) The semantics and morphosyntax of tare “hurt/pain” in Koromu (PNG) 01 04 Verbal and nominal constructions Verbal and nominal constructions 1 A01 01 JB code 349266639 Carol Priestley Priestley, Carol Carol Priestley Griffith University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/349266639 01 eng 30 00

This chapter examines the words and constructions that Koromu speakers (PNG) use to talk about tare ‘hurt/pain’ and other painful sensations. It also reflects on links to cultural and environmental influences in daily life and key life events, environmental knowledge and traditional health care. Terms such as warike ‘be/feel bad’, tare ‘hurt/pain’, perere ‘hurt: sting, cut, burn’, and kaho ‘ache: burn, pierce’ are used in different constructions with varying emphases. These constructions are among the most typologically interesting in Koromu grammar. They are related to, but also distinct from, constructions found in other Papuan languages. They include experiencer object constructions, serial verb constructions with the grammaticized valency-increasing verb here/he put, and nominal constructions with, or without, prominent noun-phrase marking.

01 01 JB code bct.84.08ind 06 10.1075/bct.84.08ind 143 145 3 Article 9 01 04 Index Index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/bct.84 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20160726 C 2016 John Benjamins D 2016 John Benjamins 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027242723 WORLD 09 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 https://jbe-platform.com 29 https://jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027266958 21 01 00 Unqualified price 02 85.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 02 71.00 GBP GB 01 00 Unqualified price 02 128.00 USD
485016795 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code BCT 84 Hb 15 9789027242723 06 10.1075/bct.84 13 2016013271 00 BB 08 430 gr 10 01 JB code BCT 02 1874-0081 02 84.00 01 02 Benjamins Current Topics Benjamins Current Topics 01 01 "Happiness" and "Pain" across Languages and Cultures “Happiness” and “Pain” across Languages and Cultures 1 B01 01 JB code 434253405 Cliff Goddard Goddard, Cliff Cliff Goddard Griffith University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/434253405 2 B01 01 JB code 739253406 Zhengdao Ye Ye, Zhengdao Zhengdao Ye Australian National University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/739253406 01 eng 11 151 03 03 vi 03 00 145 03 01 23 152.4/2014 03 2016 P325.5.E56 04 Semantics. 04 Emotions--Cross-culural studies. 04 Language and emotions--Cross-cultural studies. 04 Intercultural communication. 04 Metalanguage. 04 Psycholinguistics. 10 LAN009000 12 CFG 24 JB code LIN.ANTHR Anthropological Linguistics 24 JB code LIN.COGN Cognition and language 24 JB code LIN.SEMAN Semantics 24 JB code LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 01 06 02 00 In the fast-growing fields of happiness studies and pain research, which have attracted scholars from diverse disciplines including psychology, philosophy, medicine, and economics, this volume provides a much-needed cross-linguistic perspective.
03 00 In the fast-growing fields of happiness studies and pain research, which have attracted scholars from diverse disciplines including psychology, philosophy, medicine, and economics, this volume provides a much-needed cross-linguistic perspective. It centres on the question of how much ways of talking and thinking about happiness and pain vary across cultures, and seeks to answer this question by empirically examining the core vocabulary pertaining to “happiness” and “pain” in many languages and in different religious and cultural traditions. The authors not only probe the precise meanings of the expressions in question, but also provide extensive cultural contextualization, showing how these meanings are truly cultural. Methodologically, while in full agreement with the view of many social scientists and economists that self-reports are the bedrock of happiness research, the volume presents a body of evidence highlighting the problem of translation and showing how local concepts of “happiness” and “pain” can be understood without an Anglo bias. The languages examined include (Mandarin) Chinese, Danish, English, French, German, Japanese, Koromu (a Papua New Guinean language), and Latin American Spanish.
Originally published in International Journal of Language and Culture Vol. 1:2 (2014).
01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/bct.84.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027242723.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027242723.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/bct.84.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/bct.84.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/bct.84.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/bct.84.hb.png
01 01 JB code bct.84.s1 06 10.1075/bct.84.s1 Section header 1 01 04 Articles Articles 01 eng 01 01 JB code bct.84.01god 06 10.1075/bct.84.01god 1 18 18 Article 2 01 04 Exploring "happiness" and "pain" across languages and cultures Exploring “happiness” and “pain” across languages and cultures 1 A01 01 JB code 541266632 Cliff Goddard Goddard, Cliff Cliff Goddard Griffith University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/541266632 2 A01 01 JB code 849266633 Zhengdao Ye Ye, Zhengdao Zhengdao Ye Australian National University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/849266633 01 eng 30 00

This chapter argues that the cross-linguistic study of subjective experience as expressed, described and construed in language cannot be set on a sound footing without the aid of a systematic and non-Anglocentric approach to lexical semantic analysis. This conclusion follows from two facts, one theoretical and one empirical. The first is the crucial role of language in accessing and communicating about feelings. The second is the demonstrated existence of substantial, culture-related differences between the meanings of emotional expressions in the languages of the world. We contend that the NSM approach to semantic and cultural analysis (Wierzbicka 1996; Gladkova 2010; Levisen 2012; Goddard 2011; Goddard and Wierzbicka 2014a; Wong 2014; among other works) provides the necessary conceptual and analytical framework to come to grips with these facts. This is demonstrated in practice by the studies of “happiness-like” and “pain-like” expressions across eight languages, undertaken in the present volume. At the same time as probing the precise meanings of these expressions, the authors provide extensive cultural contextualization, showing in some detail how the meanings they are analyzing are truly “cultural meanings”. The project exemplified by the volume can also be read as a linguistically-anchored contribution to cultural psychology (Shweder 2004, 2003), the quest to understand and appreciate the mental life of others in a full spirit of psychological pluralism.

01 01 JB code bct.84.02wie 06 10.1075/bct.84.02wie 19 43 25 Article 3 01 04 "Pain" and "suffering" in cross-linguistic perspective “Pain” and “suffering” in cross-linguistic perspective 1 A01 01 JB code 733266634 Anna Wierzbicka Wierzbicka, Anna Anna Wierzbicka Australian National University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/733266634 01 eng 30 00

This chapter builds on findings of the author’s 1999 book Emotions Across Languages and Cultures: Diversity and Universals, which tentatively identified eleven universals pertaining to human emotions. The chapter probes some of those “emotional universals” further, especially in relation to “laughing”, “crying”, and “pain”. At the same time, the author continues her campaign against pseudo-universals, focussing in particular on the anthropological and philosophical discourse of “suffering”. The chapter argues for the Christian origins of the concept of “suffering” lexically embodied in European languages, and contrasts it with the Buddhist concept of “dukkha”, usually rendered in Anglophone discussions of Buddhism with the word suffering.

01 01 JB code bct.84.03lev 06 10.1075/bct.84.03lev 45 64 20 Article 4 01 04 The story of "Danish Happiness" The story of “Danish Happiness” 01 04 Global discourse and local semantics Global discourse and local semantics 1 A01 01 JB code 484266635 Carsten Levisen Levisen, Carsten Carsten Levisen Roskilde University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/484266635 01 eng 30 00

According to a new global narrative, the Danes are the happiest people in the world. This chapter takes a critical look at the international media discourse of “happiness”, tracing its roots and underlying assumptions. Equipped with the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach to linguistic and cultural analysis, a new in-depth semantic analysis of the story of “Danish happiness” is developed. It turns out that the allegedly happiest people on earth do not (usually) talk and think about life in terms of “happiness”, but rather through a different set of cultural concepts and scripts, all guided by the Danish cultural keyword lykke. The semantics of lykke is explicated along with two related concepts livsglæde, roughly, ‘life joy’ and livslyst ‘life pleasure’, and based on semantic and ethnopragmatic analysis, a set of lykke-related cultural scripts is provided. With new evidence from Danish, it is argued that global Anglo-International “happiness discourse” misrepresents local meanings and values, and that the one-sided focus on “happiness across nations” in the social sciences is in dire need of cross-linguistic confrontation. The chapter calls for a post-happiness turn in the study of words and values across languages, and for a new critical awareness of linguistic and conceptual biases in Anglo-international discourse.

01 01 JB code bct.84.04ye 06 10.1075/bct.84.04ye 65 86 22 Article 5 01 04 The meaning of "happiness" (xingfu) and "emotional pain" (tongku) in Chinese The meaning of “happiness” (xìngfú) and “emotional pain” (tòngkŭ) in Chinese 1 A01 01 JB code 197266636 Zhengdao Ye Ye, Zhengdao Zhengdao Ye Australian National University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/197266636 01 eng 30 00

This chapter undertakes detailed meaning analyses of xìngfú, a concept central to contemporary Chinese discourse on “happiness,” and its opposite tòngkŭ (‘emotional anguish/suffering/pain’). Drawing data from five Chinese corpora and applying the semantic techniques developed by Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) researchers, the present study reveals a conceptualization of happiness that is markedly different from that encoded in the English concept of happiness. Particularly, the analysis shows that the Chinese conception of xìngfú is relational in nature, being firmly anchored in interpersonal relationships. Loosely translatable as ‘a belief that one is loved and cared for’, xìngfú reflects the Chinese idea of love, which places emphasis on actions over words and is intrinsically related to other core cultural values, such as xiào (‘filial piety’). The chapter relates semantic discussion directly to recent research on happiness and subjective well-being involving Chinese subjects, highlighting and problematizing the role of language in the emergent and fast-growing field of happiness research and stressing the important role of culture in global “happiness studies”.

01 01 JB code bct.84.05asa 06 10.1075/bct.84.05asa 87 108 22 Article 6 01 04 Japanese interpretations of "pain" and the use of psychomimes Japanese interpretations of “pain” and the use of psychomimes 1 A01 01 JB code 813266637 Yuko Asano-Cavanagh Asano-Cavanagh, Yuko Yuko Asano-Cavanagh Curtin University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/813266637 01 eng 30 00

This chapter examines six Japanese psychomimes — zuki-zuki, kiri-kiri, shiku-shiku, chiku-chiku, hiri-hiri, and gan-gan — that express subtle differences in states or sensations regarding “pain”. It is generally recognized, however, that many languages lack words with the same meanings as these Japanese psychomimes and that their meanings are difficult to capture precisely. The definitions in Japanese-English dictionaries, for example, are not sufficient to explain the exact meanings and there is also the problem that each Japanese expression can correspond to several English verbs. This study applies the framework of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach to explicate the meaning of the six Japanese psychomimes. It makes reference to a corpus of naturally-occurring examples compiled from publicly available sources from physicians, patients, hospitals, and pharmaceutical companies. The analysis indicates that each psychomime conveys a vivid metaphorical meaning. The quality of the pain is suggested by reference to an imagined scenario of something moving inside a part of the body or touching part of the body. This imagined ‘something’ can be understood as something ‘sharp’ or as something similar to ‘fire’ or to ‘metal’. The use of psychomimes is an effective and efficient way for expressing and understanding “pain” in Japanese.

01 01 JB code bct.84.06bul 06 10.1075/bct.84.06bul 109 122 14 Article 7 01 04 Some remarks on "pain" in Latin American Spanish Some remarks on “pain” in Latin American Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 569266638 Zuzanna Bułat-Silva Bułat-Silva, Zuzanna Zuzanna Bułat-Silva Australian National University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/569266638 01 eng 30 00

The aim of this chapter is to examine the Spanish counterpart of pain, that is, the lexeme dolor. It seems that dolor, different from both English pain and French douleur, has two clearly distinguishable meanings, dolor1 referring to physical (and emotional) sensation of pain, and dolor2, a quite frequent emotion term belonging to the domain of “sadness.” This article examines different lexical occurrences of the word dolor, coming inter alia from tango lyrics, in order to support the above hypothesis.

01 01 JB code bct.84.07pri 06 10.1075/bct.84.07pri 123 141 19 Article 8 01 04 The semantics and morphosyntax of tare "hurt/pain" in Koromu (PNG) The semantics and morphosyntax of tare “hurt/pain” in Koromu (PNG) 01 04 Verbal and nominal constructions Verbal and nominal constructions 1 A01 01 JB code 349266639 Carol Priestley Priestley, Carol Carol Priestley Griffith University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/349266639 01 eng 30 00

This chapter examines the words and constructions that Koromu speakers (PNG) use to talk about tare ‘hurt/pain’ and other painful sensations. It also reflects on links to cultural and environmental influences in daily life and key life events, environmental knowledge and traditional health care. Terms such as warike ‘be/feel bad’, tare ‘hurt/pain’, perere ‘hurt: sting, cut, burn’, and kaho ‘ache: burn, pierce’ are used in different constructions with varying emphases. These constructions are among the most typologically interesting in Koromu grammar. They are related to, but also distinct from, constructions found in other Papuan languages. They include experiencer object constructions, serial verb constructions with the grammaticized valency-increasing verb here/he put, and nominal constructions with, or without, prominent noun-phrase marking.

01 01 JB code bct.84.08ind 06 10.1075/bct.84.08ind 143 145 3 Article 9 01 04 Index Index 01 eng
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