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7500817
John Benjamins Publishing Company
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onix@benjamins.nl
201902011637
ONIX title feed
eng
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John Benjamins Publishing Company
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CELCR 19 Eb
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9789027263049
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CELCR
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Converging Evidence in Language and Communication Research
19
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Perception Metaphors
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celcr.19
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https://benjamins.com
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https://benjamins.com/catalog/celcr.19
1
B01
Laura J. Speed
Speed, Laura J.
Laura J.
Speed
University of York and Radboud University
2
B01
Carolyn O'Meara
O'Meara, Carolyn
Carolyn
O'Meara
National Autonomous University of Mexico and Radboud University
3
B01
Lila San Roque
San Roque, Lila
Lila
San Roque
Radboud University
4
B01
Asifa Majid
Majid, Asifa
Asifa
Majid
University of York and Radboud University
01
eng
390
vii
382
LAN016000
v.2006
CFG
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JB Subject Scheme
LIN.COGN
Cognition and language
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JB Subject Scheme
LIN.COGPSY
Cognitive linguistics
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JB Subject Scheme
LIN.PSYLIN
Psycholinguistics
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JB Subject Scheme
LIN.SEMAN
Semantics
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JB Subject Scheme
LIN.THEOR
Theoretical linguistics
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PSY.GEN
Psychology
06
01
Metaphor allows us to think and talk about one thing in terms of another, ratcheting up our cognitive and expressive capacity. It gives us concrete terms for abstract phenomena, for example, ideas become things we can grasp or let go of. Perceptual experience—characterised as physical and relatively concrete—should be an ideal source domain in metaphor, and a less likely target. But is this the case across diverse languages? And are some sensory modalities perhaps more concrete than others? This volume presents critical new data on perception metaphors from over 40 languages, including many which are under-studied. Aside from the wealth of data from diverse languages—modern and historical; spoken and signed—a variety of methods (e.g., natural language corpora, experimental) and theoretical approaches are brought together. This collection highlights how perception metaphor can offer both a bedrock of common experience and a source of continuing innovation in human communication.
05
To conclude, the volume <i>Perception Metaphor</i> provides a great resource for scholars interested in understanding what are the hot topics, the open questions, and the challenges involved in the blooming research field of perception metaphor.
Marianna M. Bolognesi, University of Bologna, in Journal of Pragmatics 155 (2020) 160 – 162
05
[...] <i>Perception Metaphors</i> is a timely publication. It deals with something that interests many linguists right now. If you are not yet familiar with this topic, this edited volume is a good place to start.
Heli Tissari, Stockholm University, on Linguist List 30.4226 (7 November 2019) http://linguistlist.org/issues/30/30-4226.html
05
For too long, cognitivist (cognitive science) studies has lorded it over sensory studies. This book has the potential to reverse that trend thanks to its close attention to the sensuous.
David Howes, Concordia University
04
09
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celcr.19.pre
vii
viii
2
Chapter
1
01
Preface
1
A01
Asifa Majid
Majid, Asifa
Asifa
Majid
University of York and Radboud University
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.01ome
1
16
16
Chapter
2
01
Chapter 1. Perception metaphors
A view from diversity
1
A01
Carolyn O'Meara
O'Meara, Carolyn
Carolyn
O'Meara
National Autonomous University of Mexico, Radboud University
2
A01
Laura J. Speed
Speed, Laura J.
Laura J.
Speed
Radboud University, University of York
3
A01
Lila San Roque
San Roque, Lila
Lila
San Roque
Radboud University
4
A01
Asifa Majid
Majid, Asifa
Asifa
Majid
Radboud University, University of York
20
abstract concepts
20
embodiment
20
hierarchy
20
metaphor
20
sensory perception
01
Our bodily experiences play an important role in the way that we think and speak. Abstract language is, however, difficult to reconcile with this body-centred view, unless we appreciate the role metaphors play. To explore the role of the senses across semantic domains, we focus on perception metaphors, and examine their realisation across diverse languages, methods, and approaches. To what extent do mappings in perception metaphor adhere to predictions based on our biological propensities; and to what extent is there space for cross-linguistic and cross-cultural variation? We find that while some metaphors have widespread commonality, there is more diversity attested than should be comfortable for universalist accounts.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.02cla
17
42
26
Chapter
3
01
Chapter 2. Words of sense
1
A01
Constance Classen
Classen, Constance
Constance
Classen
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.03iba
43
64
22
Chapter
4
01
Chapter 3. Perception metaphors in cognitive linguistics
Scope, motivation, and lexicalisation
1
A01
Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano
Ibarretxe-Antuñano, Iraide
Iraide
Ibarretxe-Antuñano
University of Zaragoza
20
cross-linguistic
20
embodiment
20
multimodal
20
perception metaphors
20
scope
01
This chapter presents an up-to-date retrospective on the study of perception metaphors in cognitive linguistics. After a brief introduction to some of the main theoretical tools for the analysis of conceptual metaphor, three main areas are discussed: the scope of perception metaphors, the motivation for perception metaphors, and the lexicalisation of perception metaphors. The chapter ends with some indications for future work in this area.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.04and
65
84
20
Chapter
5
01
Chapter 4. Perception metaphor in English
A bird’s-eye view
1
A01
Wendy Anderson
Anderson, Wendy
Wendy
Anderson
University of Glasgow
20
diachronic
20
digital humanities
20
English
20
Historical Thesaurus of English
20
metaphor
20
perception
20
semantic change
20
smell
20
taste
20
touch
01
This chapter offers a perspective on perception metaphor based on the evidence of the recorded language history of English. It draws on the analysis carried out by the “Mapping Metaphor with the Historical Thesaurus” project, which in turn exploits lexicographical evidence representing the English language over a period of more than a millennium. The foundation of the project is the principle that metaphor can be discerned in the lexis shared across semantic fields. The chapter gives an overview of metaphors with either a source or a target in each of the five perception categories and uses examples from the relatively neglected senses, Touch, Taste and Smell, to illustrate the richness and long history of perception metaphors in English.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.05str
85
104
20
Chapter
6
01
Chapter 5. Metaphors and perception in the lexicon
A diachronic perspective
1
A01
Francesca Strik-Lievers
Strik-Lievers, Francesca
Francesca
Strik-Lievers
University of Pisa
2
A01
Irene De Felice
De Felice, Irene
Irene
De Felice
University of Pisa
20
adjectives
20
diachrony
20
directionality
20
Italian
20
Latin
20
metaphor
20
perception
20
sensory modalities
20
synaesthesia
01
Polysemy patterns in the sensory lexicon have been the subject of many studies, mostly synchronically oriented. This paper investigates whether the regularities observed for the intrafield and transfield polysemy of sensory lexemes can also be noted in the semantic changes that the lexemes undergo over time. Based on lexicographic resources, we analyse the sense(s) of Classical Latin sensory adjectives and “follow” them until Contemporary Italian. Our findings indicate that semantic shifts that occurred over time largely conform to the patterns that emerge from synchronic analyses: if some change in meaning occurs, the semantic shift tends to go from a “lower” to a “higher” sensory modality, or from perceptual to cognitive or abstract senses.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.06win
105
126
22
Chapter
7
01
Chapter 6. Synaesthetic metaphors are neither synaesthetic nor metaphorical
1
A01
Bodo Winter
Winter, Bodo
Bodo
Winter
University of Birmingham
20
perceptual metaphors
20
primary metaphor
20
synaesthesia
20
the senses
01
Speakers often use metaphor when talking about the contents of perception. For example, a word such as <i>sweet</i> can be used to talk metaphorically about sensory impressions that are not directly related to taste, as in so-called “synaesthetic metaphors” such as <i>sweet fragrance</i> and <i>sweet melody</i>. In this chapter, I present arguments against the synaesthetic and metaphorical nature of such expressions. First, a look at the neuropsychological literature reveals that the phenomenon commonly called “synaesthesia” bears little resemblance to the metaphors investigated by linguists. Moreover, in contrast to synaesthesia as a neuropsychological phenomenon, most “synaesthetic” metaphors involve mappings between highly similar and perceptually integrated sensory modalities, such as taste and smell. Finally, combinations of words that involve dissimilar sensory modalities, such as <i>sweet melody</i>, appear to perform largely evaluative functions. Thus, evaluation might be driving the use of these terms, more so than “synaesthetic” perception. I will then compare my analyses to the idea that many metaphors are grounded in primary metaphors and/or metonymies. All in all, this paper suggests that many and perhaps most “synaesthetic metaphors” are neither synaesthetic nor metaphorical. From a broader perspective, the case study of synaesthetic metaphors presented here fleshes out the way language and perception are related and how sensory content is encoded in the lexicon of human languages.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.07cab
127
144
18
Chapter
8
01
Chapter 7. Sensory experiences, meaning and metaphor
The case of wine
1
A01
Rosario Caballero
Caballero, Rosario
Rosario
Caballero
Universidad of Castilla-La Mancha
20
metaphor
20
sensory experience
20
synaesthesia
20
tasting note
20
winespeak
01
This chapter provides an overview of metaphorical language used to communicate sensory experiences in the context of wine discourse, particularly in the tasting note genre where metaphor provides wine critics with the means to describe what wines feel like in the nose and mouth. Using data from a corpus of tasting notes written in English (2,053 texts and 100,674 words), it examines the language used in the description of wines’ aromas, flavours and mouthfeel in order to better understand the contribution of metaphor in the transfer of the olfactory, gustatory and tactile experiences to readers. The main concern is to explore expressions that cut across sensory modalities, i.e., instantiate synaesthetic metaphor, and point to the possibility of the synaesthetic motivation of a good amount of the language presumably informed by metaphors of the conceptual type.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.08ste
145
164
20
Chapter
9
01
Chapter 8. Taste metaphors in Hieroglyphic Egyptian
1
A01
Elisabeth Steinbach-Eicke
Steinbach-Eicke, Elisabeth
Elisabeth
Steinbach-Eicke
Humboldt University of Berlin & Free University Berlin
20
Afro-Asiatic
20
Ancient Egyptian
20
cognition
20
Conceptual Metaphor Theory
20
hieroglyphs
20
perception verbs
20
Property Selection Processes
20
senses
20
sensory perception
20
taste
01
This paper aims at giving an overview of the multiple meanings of the Ancient Egyptian verb of gustatory perception <i>ṭp</i> ‘to taste’. Different mappings from physical onto emotional and mental domains are explained by metaphorical meaning extensions. Data from Ancient Egyptian, as a still under-represented language within studies on perceptual language, is analysed by methods from the fields of Ancient Studies and Cognitive Linguistics.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.09jul
165
184
20
Chapter
10
01
Chapter 9. Why do we understand music as moving?
The metaphorical basis of musical motion revisited
1
A01
Nina Julich-Warpakowski
Julich-Warpakowski, Nina
Nina
Julich-Warpakowski
Leipzig University
20
change is motion
20
conceptual metaphor
20
Event Structure Metaphor
20
fictive motion
20
music criticism
20
musical motion
20
time is motion
01
Although musical structure is commonly perceived as moving, its motivation remains a debated issue. Conceptual Metaphor Theory approaches assume that musical motion is motivated by conceptual metaphors like <sc>time is motion</sc> and <sc>change is motion</sc>. The current study aims to investigate whether these conceptual metaphors successfully describe musical motion. For the analysis, a corpus of 10,000 words taken from the genre of music criticism (academic musicology journals and newspaper concert reviews of classical music) was compiled and exhaustively analysed with respect to metaphorical expressions. The results suggest that whereas many motion expressions for music seem to be motivated by <sc>time is motion</sc> as well as <sc>change is motion</sc>, a number of instances may instead present cases of fictive motion.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.10ryz
185
208
24
Chapter
11
01
Chapter 10. Approaching perceptual qualities
The case of <sc>heavy</sc>
1
A01
Daria Ryzhova
Ryzhova, Daria
Daria
Ryzhova
National Research University Higher School of Economics
2
A01
Ekaterina Rakhilina
Rakhilina, Ekaterina
Ekaterina
Rakhilina
V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences & Russian State University for the Humanities
3
A01
Liliya Kholkina
Kholkina, Liliya
Liliya
Kholkina
Russian State University for the Humanities
20
frame approach
20
heavy
20
lexical typology
20
metaphor
20
perception
20
qualities
01
The paper examines the properties of <sc>heavy</sc> as a perceptual concept, based on evidence from 11 languages. We demonstrate that the semantics of this concept is heterogeneous; lexemes of this field can be used in situations of at least three types: Lifting, Shifting and Weighing. These situations are either lexicalised as separate words, or they converge in a single lexeme in various combinations following certain strategies. We also argue that different metaphorical extensions correspond to different situation types; this allows us to use analysis of metaphoric shifts as an additional instrument to establish the semantic structure of direct meanings.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.11tro
209
230
22
Chapter
12
01
Chapter 11. Grounding mental metaphors in touch
A corpus-based study of English and Polish
1
A01
Marcin Trojszczak
Trojszczak, Marcin
Marcin
Trojszczak
State University of Applied Sciences in Konin & University of Lodz
20
conceptual metaphor
20
conceptualisation
20
corpus-based linguistics
20
English
20
metaphor
20
mind
20
Polish
20
Theory of Objectification
20
thought
20
touch
01
This study aims to describe how experiences of tactile properties of physical objects give rise to metaphorical conceptualisations of mind and thought in English and Polish based on linguistic data from the British National Corpus and the National Corpus of Polish. This issue is approached from the perspective of corpus-based cognitive linguistics by combining the Theory of Objectification framework and the methodological tools of corpus linguistics. By analysing a wide range of tactile properties ascribed to the selected mental phenomena in light of the Theory of Objectification, the study aims to demonstrate how active, exploratory, tactile experiences of physical objects’ qualities ground our talk about impalpable cognitive phenomena.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.12pro
231
252
22
Chapter
13
01
Chapter 12. Polysemy of the Estonian perception verb <i>nägema</i> ‘to see’
1
A01
Mariann Proos
Proos, Mariann
Mariann
Proos
University of Tartu
20
behavioural profile
20
Estonian
20
perception verbs
20
polysemy
20
sorting task
01
This paper focuses on the polysemy of the Estonian perception verb <i>nägema</i> ‘to see’. The aim of the paper is to analyse polysemy using two different methods; and to show how and why the results of the two methods differ. The methods used are a sorting task and a behavioural profile analysis. Hierarchical cluster analysis is used to show which senses of <i>nägema</i> are more similar to each other based on each method, and why. The results show that the main differences stem from the fact that important elements of meaning for the language user are not necessarily objectively annotatable in the corpus. It is argued, however, that both experimental as well as corpus-based methods are valuable tools for polysemy research.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.13ken
253
274
22
Chapter
14
01
Chapter 13. Evidential vindication in next turn
Using the retrospective “see?” in conversation
1
A01
Kobin H. Kendrick
Kendrick, Kobin H.
Kobin H.
Kendrick
University of York
20
conversation analysis
20
disputes
20
English
20
evidence
20
perception verbs
20
perceptual metaphor
20
retro-sequences
20
sequence organisation
20
social action
01
Perception verbs are frequent in conversation across diverse languages and cultures. This chapter presents a case study of a recurrent but previously undocumented use of the perception verb <i>see</i> in everyday English conversation. Using conversation analysis, the chapter explicates the use of “See?” – the verb <i>see</i> produced with rising intonation as a possibly complete turn-constructional unit – as claim of evidential vindication. With “See?” a speaker claims a just prior turn, action, or event as support for a previous assertive action. The analysis demonstrates that the practice exploits two distinct forms of sequence organisation, adjacency pairs and retro-sequences, and reflects on the fit between the perception verb <i>see</i> and the action it implements within this practice.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.14zes
275
302
28
Chapter
15
01
Chapter 14. Sensory perception metaphors in sign languages
1
A01
Ulrike Zeshan
Zeshan, Ulrike
Ulrike
Zeshan
University of Central Lancashire
2
A01
Nick Palfreyman
Palfreyman, Nick
Nick
Palfreyman
University of Central Lancashire
20
grammaticalisation
20
re-metaphorisation
20
sense prefixes
20
Sign Language Typology
20
sign languages
20
sublexical iconicity
01
In this chapter, we explore perceptual metaphors across a convenience sample of data from 24 sign languages. To do this, the chapter uses the framework of Sign Language Typology, the systematic comparative study of grammatical/semantic domains across sign languages (Zeshan & Palfreyman, 2017). Sign languages differ from spoken languages due to iconic mapping, that is, the tendency for signs of perception to be articulated at or near the sense organs. This is the basis for two types of signs: those with double-stage metaphors have literal and metaphorical lexical meanings, while those with single-stage metaphors lack literal lexical meanings of perception and instead rely on sublexical iconicity. We cover cross-linguistic patterns of metaphorical extensions of meaning in these signs, and the grammaticalisation of a class of prefixes that are associated with sensory perception.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.15tak
303
326
24
Chapter
16
01
Chapter 15. Metaphors of perception in Japanese Sign Language
1
A01
Yufuko Takashima
Takashima, Yufuko
Yufuko
Takashima
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science & Tokyo Gakugei University
20
conceptual metaphor
20
Deaf culture
20
iconicity
20
Japanese Sign Language
20
perception verbs
20
polysemy
20
sign languages
01
Perception metaphors have been examined by analysing the polysemy of perception verbs in spoken languages. This chapter explores instantiations of metaphors of perception in Japanese Sign Language (JSL). Here I propose that the locations of articulation of signs be considered meaningful units and analyse signs articulated on or near to the signer’s eyes, ears, and nose in JSL. There are some potentially polysemous signs that illustrate meaning extensions from vision to intellection, where signs articulated on the perceptual organs are understood through metaphor. These conceptual metaphors in JSL are compared to the polysemy of perception expressions in the dominant spoken language, Japanese.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.16kov
327
346
20
Chapter
17
01
Chapter 16. Perception and metaphor
The case of smell
1
A01
Zoltán Kövecses
Kövecses, Zoltán
Zoltán
Kövecses
Eötvös Loránd University
20
conceptual metaphor theory
20
conceptual structure of smell
20
linguistic codability
20
metaphor
20
prototype of smell as a concept
20
smell
20
smell and emotion
20
smell as source
20
smell as target
20
smell metaphors
01
The general issue I address in the paper is this: How is the concept of smell linguistically coded in English, as examined from a cognitive linguistic perspective? I break down this larger theoretical issue into three sub-issues: One sub-issue concerns what the lexis of smell in English reveals about the conceptual organisation of smell. What is the conceptual prototype of smell? Another has to do with which lexical items are used from the domain of smell to structure other, more abstract concepts. Indeed, I show, partly based on previous work by others, that there are several conceptual metaphors that involve the concept of smell as their source domain. However, and this is the third sub-issue, I also argue that smell can also occur as a target domain in conceptual metaphors. This possibility presents a challenge to conceptual metaphor theory, which claims that perceptual experiences (and the concepts corresponding to them) are understood in a direct, literal way and that concepts that are not based on perceptual experiences (i.e., are not concrete) are understood figuratively by making use of such direct, literal conceptualisations. I conclude that smell is a fairly richly coded concept in English, but whose degree of “linguistic codability” can only be established relative to counterpart concepts in other languages and relative to other sense modalities in studies conducted by means of the same methodology and cognitive linguistic machinery as employed in the present one.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.17san
347
368
22
Chapter
18
01
Chapter 17. Perception verbs in context
Perspectives from Kaluli (Bosavi) child-caregiver interaction
1
A01
Lila San Roque
San Roque, Lila
Lila
San Roque
Radboud University
2
A01
Bambi B. Schieffelin
Schieffelin, Bambi B.
Bambi B.
Schieffelin
New York University
20
language socialisation
20
Papua New Guinea
20
polysemy
01
Perceptual language is a rich site of polysemous meaning and pragmatic extension. In this chapter, we explore the question of how children learning a language come to grips with this complexity, focusing on basic perception verbs as used in child-caregiver interaction in the language Bosavi, spoken in Papua New Guinea. We discuss creative and routinised instances of perception verb use in these interactions, and comment on connections to recognised cross-linguistic patterns of polysemy. Finally, we suggest ways that Christian missionisation and literacy practices may have influenced shifting uses of the language of sight and audition in the Bosavi context.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.met
369
371
3
Miscellaneous
19
01
List of metaphors
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.index
373
382
10
Miscellaneous
20
01
Index
02
JBENJAMINS
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
John Benjamins Publishing Company
Amsterdam/Philadelphia
NL
04
20190221
2019
John Benjamins B.V.
02
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13
15
9789027202000
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John Benjamins Publishing Company
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CELCR 19 Hb
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9789027202000
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CELCR
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1566-7774
Converging Evidence in Language and Communication Research
19
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Perception Metaphors
01
celcr.19
01
https://benjamins.com
02
https://benjamins.com/catalog/celcr.19
1
B01
Laura J. Speed
Speed, Laura J.
Laura J.
Speed
University of York and Radboud University
2
B01
Carolyn O'Meara
O'Meara, Carolyn
Carolyn
O'Meara
National Autonomous University of Mexico and Radboud University
3
B01
Lila San Roque
San Roque, Lila
Lila
San Roque
Radboud University
4
B01
Asifa Majid
Majid, Asifa
Asifa
Majid
University of York and Radboud University
01
eng
390
vii
382
LAN016000
v.2006
CFG
2
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.COGN
Cognition and language
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.COGPSY
Cognitive linguistics
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.PSYLIN
Psycholinguistics
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.SEMAN
Semantics
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.THEOR
Theoretical linguistics
24
JB Subject Scheme
PSY.GEN
Psychology
06
01
Metaphor allows us to think and talk about one thing in terms of another, ratcheting up our cognitive and expressive capacity. It gives us concrete terms for abstract phenomena, for example, ideas become things we can grasp or let go of. Perceptual experience—characterised as physical and relatively concrete—should be an ideal source domain in metaphor, and a less likely target. But is this the case across diverse languages? And are some sensory modalities perhaps more concrete than others? This volume presents critical new data on perception metaphors from over 40 languages, including many which are under-studied. Aside from the wealth of data from diverse languages—modern and historical; spoken and signed—a variety of methods (e.g., natural language corpora, experimental) and theoretical approaches are brought together. This collection highlights how perception metaphor can offer both a bedrock of common experience and a source of continuing innovation in human communication.
05
To conclude, the volume <i>Perception Metaphor</i> provides a great resource for scholars interested in understanding what are the hot topics, the open questions, and the challenges involved in the blooming research field of perception metaphor.
Marianna M. Bolognesi, University of Bologna, in Journal of Pragmatics 155 (2020) 160 – 162
05
[...] <i>Perception Metaphors</i> is a timely publication. It deals with something that interests many linguists right now. If you are not yet familiar with this topic, this edited volume is a good place to start.
Heli Tissari, Stockholm University, on Linguist List 30.4226 (7 November 2019) http://linguistlist.org/issues/30/30-4226.html
05
For too long, cognitivist (cognitive science) studies has lorded it over sensory studies. This book has the potential to reverse that trend thanks to its close attention to the sensuous.
David Howes, Concordia University
04
09
01
https://benjamins.com/covers/475/celcr.19.png
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JB code
celcr.19.pre
vii
viii
2
Chapter
1
01
Preface
1
A01
Asifa Majid
Majid, Asifa
Asifa
Majid
University of York and Radboud University
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.01ome
1
16
16
Chapter
2
01
Chapter 1. Perception metaphors
A view from diversity
1
A01
Carolyn O'Meara
O'Meara, Carolyn
Carolyn
O'Meara
National Autonomous University of Mexico, Radboud University
2
A01
Laura J. Speed
Speed, Laura J.
Laura J.
Speed
Radboud University, University of York
3
A01
Lila San Roque
San Roque, Lila
Lila
San Roque
Radboud University
4
A01
Asifa Majid
Majid, Asifa
Asifa
Majid
Radboud University, University of York
20
abstract concepts
20
embodiment
20
hierarchy
20
metaphor
20
sensory perception
01
Our bodily experiences play an important role in the way that we think and speak. Abstract language is, however, difficult to reconcile with this body-centred view, unless we appreciate the role metaphors play. To explore the role of the senses across semantic domains, we focus on perception metaphors, and examine their realisation across diverse languages, methods, and approaches. To what extent do mappings in perception metaphor adhere to predictions based on our biological propensities; and to what extent is there space for cross-linguistic and cross-cultural variation? We find that while some metaphors have widespread commonality, there is more diversity attested than should be comfortable for universalist accounts.
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JB code
celcr.19.02cla
17
42
26
Chapter
3
01
Chapter 2. Words of sense
1
A01
Constance Classen
Classen, Constance
Constance
Classen
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.03iba
43
64
22
Chapter
4
01
Chapter 3. Perception metaphors in cognitive linguistics
Scope, motivation, and lexicalisation
1
A01
Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano
Ibarretxe-Antuñano, Iraide
Iraide
Ibarretxe-Antuñano
University of Zaragoza
20
cross-linguistic
20
embodiment
20
multimodal
20
perception metaphors
20
scope
01
This chapter presents an up-to-date retrospective on the study of perception metaphors in cognitive linguistics. After a brief introduction to some of the main theoretical tools for the analysis of conceptual metaphor, three main areas are discussed: the scope of perception metaphors, the motivation for perception metaphors, and the lexicalisation of perception metaphors. The chapter ends with some indications for future work in this area.
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JB code
celcr.19.04and
65
84
20
Chapter
5
01
Chapter 4. Perception metaphor in English
A bird’s-eye view
1
A01
Wendy Anderson
Anderson, Wendy
Wendy
Anderson
University of Glasgow
20
diachronic
20
digital humanities
20
English
20
Historical Thesaurus of English
20
metaphor
20
perception
20
semantic change
20
smell
20
taste
20
touch
01
This chapter offers a perspective on perception metaphor based on the evidence of the recorded language history of English. It draws on the analysis carried out by the “Mapping Metaphor with the Historical Thesaurus” project, which in turn exploits lexicographical evidence representing the English language over a period of more than a millennium. The foundation of the project is the principle that metaphor can be discerned in the lexis shared across semantic fields. The chapter gives an overview of metaphors with either a source or a target in each of the five perception categories and uses examples from the relatively neglected senses, Touch, Taste and Smell, to illustrate the richness and long history of perception metaphors in English.
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JB code
celcr.19.05str
85
104
20
Chapter
6
01
Chapter 5. Metaphors and perception in the lexicon
A diachronic perspective
1
A01
Francesca Strik-Lievers
Strik-Lievers, Francesca
Francesca
Strik-Lievers
University of Pisa
2
A01
Irene De Felice
De Felice, Irene
Irene
De Felice
University of Pisa
20
adjectives
20
diachrony
20
directionality
20
Italian
20
Latin
20
metaphor
20
perception
20
sensory modalities
20
synaesthesia
01
Polysemy patterns in the sensory lexicon have been the subject of many studies, mostly synchronically oriented. This paper investigates whether the regularities observed for the intrafield and transfield polysemy of sensory lexemes can also be noted in the semantic changes that the lexemes undergo over time. Based on lexicographic resources, we analyse the sense(s) of Classical Latin sensory adjectives and “follow” them until Contemporary Italian. Our findings indicate that semantic shifts that occurred over time largely conform to the patterns that emerge from synchronic analyses: if some change in meaning occurs, the semantic shift tends to go from a “lower” to a “higher” sensory modality, or from perceptual to cognitive or abstract senses.
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JB code
celcr.19.06win
105
126
22
Chapter
7
01
Chapter 6. Synaesthetic metaphors are neither synaesthetic nor metaphorical
1
A01
Bodo Winter
Winter, Bodo
Bodo
Winter
University of Birmingham
20
perceptual metaphors
20
primary metaphor
20
synaesthesia
20
the senses
01
Speakers often use metaphor when talking about the contents of perception. For example, a word such as <i>sweet</i> can be used to talk metaphorically about sensory impressions that are not directly related to taste, as in so-called “synaesthetic metaphors” such as <i>sweet fragrance</i> and <i>sweet melody</i>. In this chapter, I present arguments against the synaesthetic and metaphorical nature of such expressions. First, a look at the neuropsychological literature reveals that the phenomenon commonly called “synaesthesia” bears little resemblance to the metaphors investigated by linguists. Moreover, in contrast to synaesthesia as a neuropsychological phenomenon, most “synaesthetic” metaphors involve mappings between highly similar and perceptually integrated sensory modalities, such as taste and smell. Finally, combinations of words that involve dissimilar sensory modalities, such as <i>sweet melody</i>, appear to perform largely evaluative functions. Thus, evaluation might be driving the use of these terms, more so than “synaesthetic” perception. I will then compare my analyses to the idea that many metaphors are grounded in primary metaphors and/or metonymies. All in all, this paper suggests that many and perhaps most “synaesthetic metaphors” are neither synaesthetic nor metaphorical. From a broader perspective, the case study of synaesthetic metaphors presented here fleshes out the way language and perception are related and how sensory content is encoded in the lexicon of human languages.
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celcr.19.07cab
127
144
18
Chapter
8
01
Chapter 7. Sensory experiences, meaning and metaphor
The case of wine
1
A01
Rosario Caballero
Caballero, Rosario
Rosario
Caballero
Universidad of Castilla-La Mancha
20
metaphor
20
sensory experience
20
synaesthesia
20
tasting note
20
winespeak
01
This chapter provides an overview of metaphorical language used to communicate sensory experiences in the context of wine discourse, particularly in the tasting note genre where metaphor provides wine critics with the means to describe what wines feel like in the nose and mouth. Using data from a corpus of tasting notes written in English (2,053 texts and 100,674 words), it examines the language used in the description of wines’ aromas, flavours and mouthfeel in order to better understand the contribution of metaphor in the transfer of the olfactory, gustatory and tactile experiences to readers. The main concern is to explore expressions that cut across sensory modalities, i.e., instantiate synaesthetic metaphor, and point to the possibility of the synaesthetic motivation of a good amount of the language presumably informed by metaphors of the conceptual type.
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JB code
celcr.19.08ste
145
164
20
Chapter
9
01
Chapter 8. Taste metaphors in Hieroglyphic Egyptian
1
A01
Elisabeth Steinbach-Eicke
Steinbach-Eicke, Elisabeth
Elisabeth
Steinbach-Eicke
Humboldt University of Berlin & Free University Berlin
20
Afro-Asiatic
20
Ancient Egyptian
20
cognition
20
Conceptual Metaphor Theory
20
hieroglyphs
20
perception verbs
20
Property Selection Processes
20
senses
20
sensory perception
20
taste
01
This paper aims at giving an overview of the multiple meanings of the Ancient Egyptian verb of gustatory perception <i>ṭp</i> ‘to taste’. Different mappings from physical onto emotional and mental domains are explained by metaphorical meaning extensions. Data from Ancient Egyptian, as a still under-represented language within studies on perceptual language, is analysed by methods from the fields of Ancient Studies and Cognitive Linguistics.
10
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JB code
celcr.19.09jul
165
184
20
Chapter
10
01
Chapter 9. Why do we understand music as moving?
The metaphorical basis of musical motion revisited
1
A01
Nina Julich-Warpakowski
Julich-Warpakowski, Nina
Nina
Julich-Warpakowski
Leipzig University
20
change is motion
20
conceptual metaphor
20
Event Structure Metaphor
20
fictive motion
20
music criticism
20
musical motion
20
time is motion
01
Although musical structure is commonly perceived as moving, its motivation remains a debated issue. Conceptual Metaphor Theory approaches assume that musical motion is motivated by conceptual metaphors like <sc>time is motion</sc> and <sc>change is motion</sc>. The current study aims to investigate whether these conceptual metaphors successfully describe musical motion. For the analysis, a corpus of 10,000 words taken from the genre of music criticism (academic musicology journals and newspaper concert reviews of classical music) was compiled and exhaustively analysed with respect to metaphorical expressions. The results suggest that whereas many motion expressions for music seem to be motivated by <sc>time is motion</sc> as well as <sc>change is motion</sc>, a number of instances may instead present cases of fictive motion.
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JB code
celcr.19.10ryz
185
208
24
Chapter
11
01
Chapter 10. Approaching perceptual qualities
The case of <sc>heavy</sc>
1
A01
Daria Ryzhova
Ryzhova, Daria
Daria
Ryzhova
National Research University Higher School of Economics
2
A01
Ekaterina Rakhilina
Rakhilina, Ekaterina
Ekaterina
Rakhilina
V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences & Russian State University for the Humanities
3
A01
Liliya Kholkina
Kholkina, Liliya
Liliya
Kholkina
Russian State University for the Humanities
20
frame approach
20
heavy
20
lexical typology
20
metaphor
20
perception
20
qualities
01
The paper examines the properties of <sc>heavy</sc> as a perceptual concept, based on evidence from 11 languages. We demonstrate that the semantics of this concept is heterogeneous; lexemes of this field can be used in situations of at least three types: Lifting, Shifting and Weighing. These situations are either lexicalised as separate words, or they converge in a single lexeme in various combinations following certain strategies. We also argue that different metaphorical extensions correspond to different situation types; this allows us to use analysis of metaphoric shifts as an additional instrument to establish the semantic structure of direct meanings.
10
01
JB code
celcr.19.11tro
209
230
22
Chapter
12
01
Chapter 11. Grounding mental metaphors in touch
A corpus-based study of English and Polish
1
A01
Marcin Trojszczak
Trojszczak, Marcin
Marcin
Trojszczak
State University of Applied Sciences in Konin & University of Lodz
20
conceptual metaphor
20
conceptualisation
20
corpus-based linguistics
20
English
20
metaphor
20
mind
20
Polish
20
Theory of Objectification
20
thought
20
touch
01
This study aims to describe how experiences of tactile properties of physical objects give rise to metaphorical conceptualisations of mind and thought in English and Polish based on linguistic data from the British National Corpus and the National Corpus of Polish. This issue is approached from the perspective of corpus-based cognitive linguistics by combining the Theory of Objectification framework and the methodological tools of corpus linguistics. By analysing a wide range of tactile properties ascribed to the selected mental phenomena in light of the Theory of Objectification, the study aims to demonstrate how active, exploratory, tactile experiences of physical objects’ qualities ground our talk about impalpable cognitive phenomena.
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JB code
celcr.19.12pro
231
252
22
Chapter
13
01
Chapter 12. Polysemy of the Estonian perception verb <i>nägema</i> ‘to see’
1
A01
Mariann Proos
Proos, Mariann
Mariann
Proos
University of Tartu
20
behavioural profile
20
Estonian
20
perception verbs
20
polysemy
20
sorting task
01
This paper focuses on the polysemy of the Estonian perception verb <i>nägema</i> ‘to see’. The aim of the paper is to analyse polysemy using two different methods; and to show how and why the results of the two methods differ. The methods used are a sorting task and a behavioural profile analysis. Hierarchical cluster analysis is used to show which senses of <i>nägema</i> are more similar to each other based on each method, and why. The results show that the main differences stem from the fact that important elements of meaning for the language user are not necessarily objectively annotatable in the corpus. It is argued, however, that both experimental as well as corpus-based methods are valuable tools for polysemy research.
10
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JB code
celcr.19.13ken
253
274
22
Chapter
14
01
Chapter 13. Evidential vindication in next turn
Using the retrospective “see?” in conversation
1
A01
Kobin H. Kendrick
Kendrick, Kobin H.
Kobin H.
Kendrick
University of York
20
conversation analysis
20
disputes
20
English
20
evidence
20
perception verbs
20
perceptual metaphor
20
retro-sequences
20
sequence organisation
20
social action
01
Perception verbs are frequent in conversation across diverse languages and cultures. This chapter presents a case study of a recurrent but previously undocumented use of the perception verb <i>see</i> in everyday English conversation. Using conversation analysis, the chapter explicates the use of “See?” – the verb <i>see</i> produced with rising intonation as a possibly complete turn-constructional unit – as claim of evidential vindication. With “See?” a speaker claims a just prior turn, action, or event as support for a previous assertive action. The analysis demonstrates that the practice exploits two distinct forms of sequence organisation, adjacency pairs and retro-sequences, and reflects on the fit between the perception verb <i>see</i> and the action it implements within this practice.
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JB code
celcr.19.14zes
275
302
28
Chapter
15
01
Chapter 14. Sensory perception metaphors in sign languages
1
A01
Ulrike Zeshan
Zeshan, Ulrike
Ulrike
Zeshan
University of Central Lancashire
2
A01
Nick Palfreyman
Palfreyman, Nick
Nick
Palfreyman
University of Central Lancashire
20
grammaticalisation
20
re-metaphorisation
20
sense prefixes
20
Sign Language Typology
20
sign languages
20
sublexical iconicity
01
In this chapter, we explore perceptual metaphors across a convenience sample of data from 24 sign languages. To do this, the chapter uses the framework of Sign Language Typology, the systematic comparative study of grammatical/semantic domains across sign languages (Zeshan & Palfreyman, 2017). Sign languages differ from spoken languages due to iconic mapping, that is, the tendency for signs of perception to be articulated at or near the sense organs. This is the basis for two types of signs: those with double-stage metaphors have literal and metaphorical lexical meanings, while those with single-stage metaphors lack literal lexical meanings of perception and instead rely on sublexical iconicity. We cover cross-linguistic patterns of metaphorical extensions of meaning in these signs, and the grammaticalisation of a class of prefixes that are associated with sensory perception.
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JB code
celcr.19.15tak
303
326
24
Chapter
16
01
Chapter 15. Metaphors of perception in Japanese Sign Language
1
A01
Yufuko Takashima
Takashima, Yufuko
Yufuko
Takashima
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science & Tokyo Gakugei University
20
conceptual metaphor
20
Deaf culture
20
iconicity
20
Japanese Sign Language
20
perception verbs
20
polysemy
20
sign languages
01
Perception metaphors have been examined by analysing the polysemy of perception verbs in spoken languages. This chapter explores instantiations of metaphors of perception in Japanese Sign Language (JSL). Here I propose that the locations of articulation of signs be considered meaningful units and analyse signs articulated on or near to the signer’s eyes, ears, and nose in JSL. There are some potentially polysemous signs that illustrate meaning extensions from vision to intellection, where signs articulated on the perceptual organs are understood through metaphor. These conceptual metaphors in JSL are compared to the polysemy of perception expressions in the dominant spoken language, Japanese.
10
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JB code
celcr.19.16kov
327
346
20
Chapter
17
01
Chapter 16. Perception and metaphor
The case of smell
1
A01
Zoltán Kövecses
Kövecses, Zoltán
Zoltán
Kövecses
Eötvös Loránd University
20
conceptual metaphor theory
20
conceptual structure of smell
20
linguistic codability
20
metaphor
20
prototype of smell as a concept
20
smell
20
smell and emotion
20
smell as source
20
smell as target
20
smell metaphors
01
The general issue I address in the paper is this: How is the concept of smell linguistically coded in English, as examined from a cognitive linguistic perspective? I break down this larger theoretical issue into three sub-issues: One sub-issue concerns what the lexis of smell in English reveals about the conceptual organisation of smell. What is the conceptual prototype of smell? Another has to do with which lexical items are used from the domain of smell to structure other, more abstract concepts. Indeed, I show, partly based on previous work by others, that there are several conceptual metaphors that involve the concept of smell as their source domain. However, and this is the third sub-issue, I also argue that smell can also occur as a target domain in conceptual metaphors. This possibility presents a challenge to conceptual metaphor theory, which claims that perceptual experiences (and the concepts corresponding to them) are understood in a direct, literal way and that concepts that are not based on perceptual experiences (i.e., are not concrete) are understood figuratively by making use of such direct, literal conceptualisations. I conclude that smell is a fairly richly coded concept in English, but whose degree of “linguistic codability” can only be established relative to counterpart concepts in other languages and relative to other sense modalities in studies conducted by means of the same methodology and cognitive linguistic machinery as employed in the present one.
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JB code
celcr.19.17san
347
368
22
Chapter
18
01
Chapter 17. Perception verbs in context
Perspectives from Kaluli (Bosavi) child-caregiver interaction
1
A01
Lila San Roque
San Roque, Lila
Lila
San Roque
Radboud University
2
A01
Bambi B. Schieffelin
Schieffelin, Bambi B.
Bambi B.
Schieffelin
New York University
20
language socialisation
20
Papua New Guinea
20
polysemy
01
Perceptual language is a rich site of polysemous meaning and pragmatic extension. In this chapter, we explore the question of how children learning a language come to grips with this complexity, focusing on basic perception verbs as used in child-caregiver interaction in the language Bosavi, spoken in Papua New Guinea. We discuss creative and routinised instances of perception verb use in these interactions, and comment on connections to recognised cross-linguistic patterns of polysemy. Finally, we suggest ways that Christian missionisation and literacy practices may have influenced shifting uses of the language of sight and audition in the Bosavi context.
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JB code
celcr.19.met
369
371
3
Miscellaneous
19
01
List of metaphors
10
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JB code
celcr.19.index
373
382
10
Miscellaneous
20
01
Index
02
JBENJAMINS
John Benjamins Publishing Company
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20190221
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