411031157 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code CLSCC 20 Eb 15 9789027244161 06 10.1075/clscc.20 13 2026002283 DG 002 02 01 CLSCC 02 1879-8047 Cognitive Linguistic Studies in Cultural Contexts 20 01 clscc.20 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/clscc.20 1 B01 Irene Leonardis Leonardis, Irene Irene Leonardis Thesaurus linguae Latinae, LMU Munich 01 eng 279 xi 267 LAN009030 v.2006 CFG 2 24 JB Subject Scheme COMM.GEN Communication Studies 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.COGN Cognition and language 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.COGPSY Cognitive linguistics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.DISC Discourse studies 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 06 01 After an original foreword from Andreas Musolff setting the stage of the book, <i>Crises We Live By</i> offers a series of case studies that highlight different ways of conceptualizing and speaking about crisis, above all metaphorically. Its title echoes Lakoff and Johnson’s famous <i>Metaphors We Live By</i> (1980) and speaks to the unprecedented awareness of the theme of crisis and its conceptualization that has emerged in contemporary media and discourse. The book makes an innovative contribution to crisis studies and to Cognitive Metaphor Theory (CMT) by extending its historical reach back to antiquity and by adopting a transdisciplinary approach that takes into account the specific cultural context and framing of each metaphor for crisis. 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/clscc.20.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027232199.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027232199.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/clscc.20.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/clscc.20.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/clscc.20.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/clscc.20.hb.png 10 01 JB code clscc.20.prelim i iv 4 Prelim pages 1 10 01 JB code clscc.20.toc v vi 2 Table of contents 2 10 01 JB code clscc.20.pro vii xii 6 To be specified 3 1 A01 Andreas Musolff Musolff, Andreas Andreas Musolff 10 01 JB code clscc.20.intro 1 18 18 Chapter 4 1 A01 Irene Leonardis Leonardis, Irene Irene Leonardis Thesaurus linguae Latinae, LMU Munich 20 crisis 20 cultural memory 20 Koselleck 20 metaphor 20 metonymy 01 By echoing and altering the title of Lakoff and Johnson’s seminal book (1980), <i>Crises we live by</i> stresses the role of embodied crisis experience(s). This introduction deepens our understanding of how the concept of crisis is conceptualised through a cluster of cognitive metaphors (activated or emphasised in line with recent or historical memories, political intentions, etc.), and additionally depends on a continuous re-elaboration over time and different cultural contexts. Being entirely embedded in Western tradition (and stemming from an Ancient Greek word), “crisis” has been permeated by the experiences and accounts of previous critical events (such as natural disasters, pandemics, and wars), which are part of collective memory and thus, through a metonymic process, stand for crisis. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.s1 19 1 Section header 5 10 01 JB code clscc.20.01zan 20 39 20 Chapter 6 1 A01 Andreas T. Zanker Zanker, Andreas T. Andreas T. Zanker University of Western Australia 20 conceptual metaphor 20 crisis 20 cycle of constitutions 20 mixed constitution 20 Polybius 01 In this paper, I discuss the conceptual metaphors used by Polybius to articulate notions of political crisis in Book 6 of his <i>Histories</i>. I begin by outlining Polybius’ theory of the cycle of constitutions and the mixed constitution. I then proceed to Polybius’ metaphors for constitutional crisis; these depend on domains involving structures, locations, seafaring, and biology. I further consider personification and the metaphor of balance that characterizes the mixed constitution. However, Polybius never uses the term ‘crisis’ (<i>krisis</i>) in discussing either the movement of a state through the cycle of constitutions or the collapse of the mixed constitution. Ancient historical texts, which precede the canonization our terminology, can therefore augment Koselleck’s thesis concerning the historicity and development of our vocabulary for crisis. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.02lup 40 67 28 Chapter 7 1 A01 Antonella Luporini Luporini, Antonella Antonella Luporini University of Bologna 20 corpus-assisted metaphor analysis 20 discourse analysis 20 financial crisis 20 health crisis 20 media discourse 01 ‘Crisis’ is among the most pervasive concepts of our time: we are living through a ‘permacrisis’. In times of crisis, metaphors flourish, with their capacity to frame events in different ways. A growing body of research investigates the metaphors used to communicate, and conceptualise, individual contemporary crises. This chapter argues the need to overcome fragmentation in crisis metaphor research and move towards a convergent approach, making sense of the common and diverging patterns in the metaphorical representations of the global societal challenges we are facing. Building especially on previous corpus work on crisis metaphors in media discourse, the chapter focuses on the metaphors used in relation to the global financial crisis and the Covid-19 health crisis in English, through a comparative perspective. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.03vil 68 89 22 Chapter 8 1 A01 Sara Vilar-Lluch Vilar-Lluch, Sara Sara Vilar-Lluch Cardiff University 20 life-changing injury 20 post-traumatic growth 20 psychological crisis 20 recovery 20 systematic metaphors 20 trauma 20 traumatic accident 01 This chapter considers first-person narratives of life-changing injuries, which may lead to depression and identity crises before individuals can accept their condition. The study focuses on the metaphors used to describe the injury, recovery, and attitude towards life in a dataset of 67 extracts retrieved from <i> <uri href="https://healthtalk.org/">healthtalk.org</uri> </i>. Metaphor use evidences that traumatic injuries are lived as ontological experiences, including loss, new dispositions on the world, and reappraisals of the self. Contradictory conceptualisations, both across different individuals and within the same individual, reflect individuals’ struggle with ordinary adversities and highlight the complexity of recovery. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.s2 91 1 Section header 9 10 01 JB code clscc.20.04mar 92 108 17 Chapter 10 1 A01 Alberto Martinengo Martinengo, Alberto Alberto Martinengo University of Turin 20 biopolitics 20 illness 20 metaphor 20 pandemic 20 Paul Ricoeur 20 Susan Sontag 01 The Sars-CoV-2 pandemic has reignited the debate on the metaphors of illness. Susan Sontag’s contributions from the 1970s and 1980s continue to serve as a milestone in multidisciplinary discussions on figurative language: her conception of illness carries relevant consequences in different directions. The present essay unfolds in two parts. The first part retraces the 20th-century debate on metaphor, focusing particularly on the question of metaphoric truth, with an emphasis on Continental philosophy. The second part endeavours to reconstruct a sort of political “metaphorology” of the pandemic, also serving as a critical review of Sontag’s argument. Through a bio-linguistic and biopolitical reconsideration of the COVID crisis, it becomes evident that the “disease/war” dispositif is as radical as an absolute metaphor. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.05sho 109 126 18 Chapter 11 1 A01 William Michael Short Short, William Michael William Michael Short Exeter University 20 cognitive linguistics 20 crisis 20 language 20 Latin 20 literature 20 metaphor 20 storm 20 weather 01 This paper explores Latin’s metaphorical construal of crisis, especially through the image of a storm. It shows that Latin speakers utilise the terms <i>tempestas</i> and <i>procellae</i> (both ‘storm’), along with a cluster of semantically related words, to convey this concept. It then goes on to argue that this metaphorical conceptualisation constitutes an ethnographic datum. The metaphor of “crisis” as a storm, it is argued, helps crystallise for Roman culture the idea that a crisis is both destructive and unpredictable, but also even potentially creative and beneficial. The paper thus aims to elucidate a highly conventionalised aspect of Latin’s figurative lexicon of “crisis” and to characterise, from an anthropological perspective, a distinctive aspect of Latin speakers’ worldview. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.06gag 127 149 23 Chapter 12 1 A01 Chiara Gagliano Gagliano, Chiara Chiara Gagliano University of Bologna 20 climate apocalypse 20 climate Doomsday 20 eco-anxiety 20 Journey to Hell 20 time bomb 01 The climate debate tends to be polarised between hope for solutions (<i>ecological utopia</i>) and a lack of future perspectives (<i>eco-anxiety, ecological dystopia</i>). This contribution provides a linguistic, discursive, and figurative representation of the climate crisis by means of psychological and religious metaphors in French and Quebecois press discourse during the Cop26 political negotiations. Drawing on CMT and CMA, the corpus-driven analysis considers the mental lexicon shared by the francophone community through instances of subjectivation of the environmental issue linked to the <i>climate ticking clock</i> and its dystopian configuration. The <i>eco-anxiety</i> lexicon and multimodal representations appear to convey different sinister scenarios, shaping the symbolic dimensions of the crisis <i>we live by</i> via established but also emerging metaphors. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.07bie 150 175 26 Chapter 13 1 A01 Maryna Bielova Bielova, Maryna Maryna Bielova H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University | University of Birmingham 20 conceptual metaphor 20 de-legitimisation. 20 Internet meme 20 metaphorical scenario 20 multimodal metaphor 20 online discourse of solidarity 01 This article explores the discursive construction of metaphorical meaning in user-manufactured internet memes about the COVID-19 crisis. I emphasise the role of memes in digital amateur activism as an alternative means of political and social participation by perpetuating discussions that question official messages and subvert governmental measures. They do so through re-contextualising and de-legitimising which contributes to the discourse of solidarity. An important outcome of this research is the recognition that within memes it is the image involved that anchors metaphorical scenarios. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.s3 177 1 Section header 14 10 01 JB code clscc.20.08hor 178 199 22 Chapter 15 1 A01 Fabian Horn Horn, Fabian Fabian Horn LMU Munich 20 allegory 20 Ancient Greek 20 conceptual metaphor 20 crisis 20 Early Greek literature 20 imbalance 20 nautical imagery 20 seafaring 01 Greek mythology and Early Greek history were full of crises, including familial and civic strife or war. This is reflected in our extant sources of Archaic Greek literature, where crises are recurring and dominant themes. Though the events and effects of war and strife can be narrated directly, uncertainty and crisis are also abstract concepts: as such, within the theoretical framework of conceptual metaphor theory (CMT), they can also be expected to be conceived of and expressed through metaphors. This paper focuses on two source domains of varying specificity and detail that are employed in Early Greek poetry to conceptualise critical situations concerning <sc>physical imbalance</sc> and the <sc>sea</sc>/<sc>seafaring</sc>, and discusses different instantiations and allegorical scenarios of the conceptual metaphors <sc>uncertainty is unbalance</sc> and <sc>danger is the sea</sc>. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.09egg 200 219 20 Chapter 16 1 A01 Marion Eggert Eggert, Marion Marion Eggert Ruhr-University Bochum 2 A01 Heiner Roetz Roetz, Heiner Heiner Roetz Ruhr-University Bochum 20 China 20 Confucianism 20 crisis 20 criticism 20 dissent 20 Korea 20 metaphors 01 This contribution explores the metaphors for crisis in connection with the emergence of a culture of dissent in East Asia, in particular in Confucianism. Both topics are intimately related inasmuch as crisis can be a catalyst for, a result of, and a threat to such a culture. We suggest that these “critical” junctions are reflected in the metaphoric expression of liminal situations. This hypothesis is substantiated with textual materials from ancient China and Chosŏn Korea. The Chinese materials afford insights into the development of the metaphoric field of crisis and the unfolding of its implications, while the Korean materials serve to test how these played out in long durée, demonstrating their continued productive vitality. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.10leo 220 240 21 Chapter 17 1 A01 Irene Leonardis Leonardis, Irene Irene Leonardis Thesaurus linguae Latinae, LMU Munich 20 ancient Rome 20 blending 20 Cicero 20 conceptual metaphors 20 political crisis 01 Ancient Roman political discourse shows various competing metaphors in relation to the so-called “crisis of the Roman Republic” of the I century BC. The metaphor of a collapsing building proves itself particularly fit for conveying the concept of crisis, as it appears to be a conceptual blending, binding together various ideas and images, especially the connected imagery of ruins. This paper aims to show how, during a specific historical moment, such a timeworn metaphor was activated and manipulated by Cicero to convey a personal political message. In addition to proving the historical impact of this rhetorical re-invention of a conceptual metaphor, it supports the idea that crisis metaphors often bear culture-based associations and political implications, and can even influence policy making. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.11fri 241 260 20 Chapter 18 1 A01 Michael Friedman Friedman, Michael Michael Friedman Tel Aviv University 20 absolute metaphors 20 Hans Blumenberg 20 Jean-Jacques Rousseau 20 mathematical crises 20 shipwreck metaphors 20 Sigmund Freud 01 Which metaphors can be employed to account for a crisis of sexuality? And how is mathematics even related to such a crisis? At the end of the 18th century, Rousseau viewed mathematics as a “safe place” which should be protected from such crises of sexuality. At the beginning of the 20th century, Freud highlighted the contrary, presenting mathematics as a “treacherous space” where such crises could very well erupt. To analyse this metaphorical transition, I will turn to Hans Blumenberg, whose theory reveals Rousseau’s and Freud’s works as background metaphors, which also operated in 19th century mathematical discourse. Blumenberg himself reflects on this transition via the shipwreck metaphor, which was also adopted by Freud and Rousseau, albeit in other frameworks. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.aft 261 262 2 Chapter 19 1 A01 Irene Leonardis Leonardis, Irene Irene Leonardis 10 01 JB code clscc.20.index 263 267 5 Index 20 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20260205 2026 John Benjamins B.V. 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027232199 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 jbe-platform.com 09 WORLD 20 01 00 125.00 EUR R 01 00 105.00 GBP Z 01 gen 00 163.00 USD S 312031156 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code CLSCC 20 Hb 15 9789027232199 13 2026002282 BB 01 CLSCC 02 1879-8047 Cognitive Linguistic Studies in Cultural Contexts 20 01 clscc.20 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/clscc.20 1 B01 Irene Leonardis Leonardis, Irene Irene Leonardis Thesaurus linguae Latinae, LMU Munich 01 eng 279 xi 267 LAN009030 v.2006 CFG 2 24 JB Subject Scheme COMM.GEN Communication Studies 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.COGN Cognition and language 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.COGPSY Cognitive linguistics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.DISC Discourse studies 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 06 01 After an original foreword from Andreas Musolff setting the stage of the book, <i>Crises We Live By</i> offers a series of case studies that highlight different ways of conceptualizing and speaking about crisis, above all metaphorically. Its title echoes Lakoff and Johnson’s famous <i>Metaphors We Live By</i> (1980) and speaks to the unprecedented awareness of the theme of crisis and its conceptualization that has emerged in contemporary media and discourse. The book makes an innovative contribution to crisis studies and to Cognitive Metaphor Theory (CMT) by extending its historical reach back to antiquity and by adopting a transdisciplinary approach that takes into account the specific cultural context and framing of each metaphor for crisis. 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/clscc.20.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027232199.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027232199.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/clscc.20.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/clscc.20.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/clscc.20.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/clscc.20.hb.png 10 01 JB code clscc.20.prelim i iv 4 Prelim pages 1 10 01 JB code clscc.20.toc v vi 2 Table of contents 2 10 01 JB code clscc.20.pro vii xii 6 To be specified 3 1 A01 Andreas Musolff Musolff, Andreas Andreas Musolff 10 01 JB code clscc.20.intro 1 18 18 Chapter 4 1 A01 Irene Leonardis Leonardis, Irene Irene Leonardis Thesaurus linguae Latinae, LMU Munich 20 crisis 20 cultural memory 20 Koselleck 20 metaphor 20 metonymy 01 By echoing and altering the title of Lakoff and Johnson’s seminal book (1980), <i>Crises we live by</i> stresses the role of embodied crisis experience(s). This introduction deepens our understanding of how the concept of crisis is conceptualised through a cluster of cognitive metaphors (activated or emphasised in line with recent or historical memories, political intentions, etc.), and additionally depends on a continuous re-elaboration over time and different cultural contexts. Being entirely embedded in Western tradition (and stemming from an Ancient Greek word), “crisis” has been permeated by the experiences and accounts of previous critical events (such as natural disasters, pandemics, and wars), which are part of collective memory and thus, through a metonymic process, stand for crisis. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.s1 19 1 Section header 5 10 01 JB code clscc.20.01zan 20 39 20 Chapter 6 1 A01 Andreas T. Zanker Zanker, Andreas T. Andreas T. Zanker University of Western Australia 20 conceptual metaphor 20 crisis 20 cycle of constitutions 20 mixed constitution 20 Polybius 01 In this paper, I discuss the conceptual metaphors used by Polybius to articulate notions of political crisis in Book 6 of his <i>Histories</i>. I begin by outlining Polybius’ theory of the cycle of constitutions and the mixed constitution. I then proceed to Polybius’ metaphors for constitutional crisis; these depend on domains involving structures, locations, seafaring, and biology. I further consider personification and the metaphor of balance that characterizes the mixed constitution. However, Polybius never uses the term ‘crisis’ (<i>krisis</i>) in discussing either the movement of a state through the cycle of constitutions or the collapse of the mixed constitution. Ancient historical texts, which precede the canonization our terminology, can therefore augment Koselleck’s thesis concerning the historicity and development of our vocabulary for crisis. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.02lup 40 67 28 Chapter 7 1 A01 Antonella Luporini Luporini, Antonella Antonella Luporini University of Bologna 20 corpus-assisted metaphor analysis 20 discourse analysis 20 financial crisis 20 health crisis 20 media discourse 01 ‘Crisis’ is among the most pervasive concepts of our time: we are living through a ‘permacrisis’. In times of crisis, metaphors flourish, with their capacity to frame events in different ways. A growing body of research investigates the metaphors used to communicate, and conceptualise, individual contemporary crises. This chapter argues the need to overcome fragmentation in crisis metaphor research and move towards a convergent approach, making sense of the common and diverging patterns in the metaphorical representations of the global societal challenges we are facing. Building especially on previous corpus work on crisis metaphors in media discourse, the chapter focuses on the metaphors used in relation to the global financial crisis and the Covid-19 health crisis in English, through a comparative perspective. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.03vil 68 89 22 Chapter 8 1 A01 Sara Vilar-Lluch Vilar-Lluch, Sara Sara Vilar-Lluch Cardiff University 20 life-changing injury 20 post-traumatic growth 20 psychological crisis 20 recovery 20 systematic metaphors 20 trauma 20 traumatic accident 01 This chapter considers first-person narratives of life-changing injuries, which may lead to depression and identity crises before individuals can accept their condition. The study focuses on the metaphors used to describe the injury, recovery, and attitude towards life in a dataset of 67 extracts retrieved from <i> <uri href="https://healthtalk.org/">healthtalk.org</uri> </i>. Metaphor use evidences that traumatic injuries are lived as ontological experiences, including loss, new dispositions on the world, and reappraisals of the self. Contradictory conceptualisations, both across different individuals and within the same individual, reflect individuals’ struggle with ordinary adversities and highlight the complexity of recovery. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.s2 91 1 Section header 9 10 01 JB code clscc.20.04mar 92 108 17 Chapter 10 1 A01 Alberto Martinengo Martinengo, Alberto Alberto Martinengo University of Turin 20 biopolitics 20 illness 20 metaphor 20 pandemic 20 Paul Ricoeur 20 Susan Sontag 01 The Sars-CoV-2 pandemic has reignited the debate on the metaphors of illness. Susan Sontag’s contributions from the 1970s and 1980s continue to serve as a milestone in multidisciplinary discussions on figurative language: her conception of illness carries relevant consequences in different directions. The present essay unfolds in two parts. The first part retraces the 20th-century debate on metaphor, focusing particularly on the question of metaphoric truth, with an emphasis on Continental philosophy. The second part endeavours to reconstruct a sort of political “metaphorology” of the pandemic, also serving as a critical review of Sontag’s argument. Through a bio-linguistic and biopolitical reconsideration of the COVID crisis, it becomes evident that the “disease/war” dispositif is as radical as an absolute metaphor. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.05sho 109 126 18 Chapter 11 1 A01 William Michael Short Short, William Michael William Michael Short Exeter University 20 cognitive linguistics 20 crisis 20 language 20 Latin 20 literature 20 metaphor 20 storm 20 weather 01 This paper explores Latin’s metaphorical construal of crisis, especially through the image of a storm. It shows that Latin speakers utilise the terms <i>tempestas</i> and <i>procellae</i> (both ‘storm’), along with a cluster of semantically related words, to convey this concept. It then goes on to argue that this metaphorical conceptualisation constitutes an ethnographic datum. The metaphor of “crisis” as a storm, it is argued, helps crystallise for Roman culture the idea that a crisis is both destructive and unpredictable, but also even potentially creative and beneficial. The paper thus aims to elucidate a highly conventionalised aspect of Latin’s figurative lexicon of “crisis” and to characterise, from an anthropological perspective, a distinctive aspect of Latin speakers’ worldview. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.06gag 127 149 23 Chapter 12 1 A01 Chiara Gagliano Gagliano, Chiara Chiara Gagliano University of Bologna 20 climate apocalypse 20 climate Doomsday 20 eco-anxiety 20 Journey to Hell 20 time bomb 01 The climate debate tends to be polarised between hope for solutions (<i>ecological utopia</i>) and a lack of future perspectives (<i>eco-anxiety, ecological dystopia</i>). This contribution provides a linguistic, discursive, and figurative representation of the climate crisis by means of psychological and religious metaphors in French and Quebecois press discourse during the Cop26 political negotiations. Drawing on CMT and CMA, the corpus-driven analysis considers the mental lexicon shared by the francophone community through instances of subjectivation of the environmental issue linked to the <i>climate ticking clock</i> and its dystopian configuration. The <i>eco-anxiety</i> lexicon and multimodal representations appear to convey different sinister scenarios, shaping the symbolic dimensions of the crisis <i>we live by</i> via established but also emerging metaphors. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.07bie 150 175 26 Chapter 13 1 A01 Maryna Bielova Bielova, Maryna Maryna Bielova H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University | University of Birmingham 20 conceptual metaphor 20 de-legitimisation. 20 Internet meme 20 metaphorical scenario 20 multimodal metaphor 20 online discourse of solidarity 01 This article explores the discursive construction of metaphorical meaning in user-manufactured internet memes about the COVID-19 crisis. I emphasise the role of memes in digital amateur activism as an alternative means of political and social participation by perpetuating discussions that question official messages and subvert governmental measures. They do so through re-contextualising and de-legitimising which contributes to the discourse of solidarity. An important outcome of this research is the recognition that within memes it is the image involved that anchors metaphorical scenarios. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.s3 177 1 Section header 14 10 01 JB code clscc.20.08hor 178 199 22 Chapter 15 1 A01 Fabian Horn Horn, Fabian Fabian Horn LMU Munich 20 allegory 20 Ancient Greek 20 conceptual metaphor 20 crisis 20 Early Greek literature 20 imbalance 20 nautical imagery 20 seafaring 01 Greek mythology and Early Greek history were full of crises, including familial and civic strife or war. This is reflected in our extant sources of Archaic Greek literature, where crises are recurring and dominant themes. Though the events and effects of war and strife can be narrated directly, uncertainty and crisis are also abstract concepts: as such, within the theoretical framework of conceptual metaphor theory (CMT), they can also be expected to be conceived of and expressed through metaphors. This paper focuses on two source domains of varying specificity and detail that are employed in Early Greek poetry to conceptualise critical situations concerning <sc>physical imbalance</sc> and the <sc>sea</sc>/<sc>seafaring</sc>, and discusses different instantiations and allegorical scenarios of the conceptual metaphors <sc>uncertainty is unbalance</sc> and <sc>danger is the sea</sc>. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.09egg 200 219 20 Chapter 16 1 A01 Marion Eggert Eggert, Marion Marion Eggert Ruhr-University Bochum 2 A01 Heiner Roetz Roetz, Heiner Heiner Roetz Ruhr-University Bochum 20 China 20 Confucianism 20 crisis 20 criticism 20 dissent 20 Korea 20 metaphors 01 This contribution explores the metaphors for crisis in connection with the emergence of a culture of dissent in East Asia, in particular in Confucianism. Both topics are intimately related inasmuch as crisis can be a catalyst for, a result of, and a threat to such a culture. We suggest that these “critical” junctions are reflected in the metaphoric expression of liminal situations. This hypothesis is substantiated with textual materials from ancient China and Chosŏn Korea. The Chinese materials afford insights into the development of the metaphoric field of crisis and the unfolding of its implications, while the Korean materials serve to test how these played out in long durée, demonstrating their continued productive vitality. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.10leo 220 240 21 Chapter 17 1 A01 Irene Leonardis Leonardis, Irene Irene Leonardis Thesaurus linguae Latinae, LMU Munich 20 ancient Rome 20 blending 20 Cicero 20 conceptual metaphors 20 political crisis 01 Ancient Roman political discourse shows various competing metaphors in relation to the so-called “crisis of the Roman Republic” of the I century BC. The metaphor of a collapsing building proves itself particularly fit for conveying the concept of crisis, as it appears to be a conceptual blending, binding together various ideas and images, especially the connected imagery of ruins. This paper aims to show how, during a specific historical moment, such a timeworn metaphor was activated and manipulated by Cicero to convey a personal political message. In addition to proving the historical impact of this rhetorical re-invention of a conceptual metaphor, it supports the idea that crisis metaphors often bear culture-based associations and political implications, and can even influence policy making. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.11fri 241 260 20 Chapter 18 1 A01 Michael Friedman Friedman, Michael Michael Friedman Tel Aviv University 20 absolute metaphors 20 Hans Blumenberg 20 Jean-Jacques Rousseau 20 mathematical crises 20 shipwreck metaphors 20 Sigmund Freud 01 Which metaphors can be employed to account for a crisis of sexuality? And how is mathematics even related to such a crisis? At the end of the 18th century, Rousseau viewed mathematics as a “safe place” which should be protected from such crises of sexuality. At the beginning of the 20th century, Freud highlighted the contrary, presenting mathematics as a “treacherous space” where such crises could very well erupt. To analyse this metaphorical transition, I will turn to Hans Blumenberg, whose theory reveals Rousseau’s and Freud’s works as background metaphors, which also operated in 19th century mathematical discourse. Blumenberg himself reflects on this transition via the shipwreck metaphor, which was also adopted by Freud and Rousseau, albeit in other frameworks. 10 01 JB code clscc.20.aft 261 262 2 Chapter 19 1 A01 Irene Leonardis Leonardis, Irene Irene Leonardis 10 01 JB code clscc.20.index 263 267 5 Index 20 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20260205 2026 John Benjamins B.V. 02 WORLD 08 645 gr 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 01 WORLD US CA MX 20 52 22 01 02 JB 1 00 125.00 EUR R 02 02 JB 1 00 132.50 EUR R 01 JB 10 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 GB 20 22 02 02 JB 1 00 105.00 GBP Z 01 JB 2 Casemate Academic 610-853-9131 610-853-9143 Girard.Kratz@casematepublishers.com 01 https://benjamins.com 02 US CA MX 20 22 01 gen 02 JB 1 00 163.00 USD