Index
A
- Action Plan,
25, 67, 71, 88
- action, social,
37, 44, 47, 152
- actors,
55, 67, 75, 123, 142, 144, 150
- political,
57, 68, 151, 153
- agency,
8, 33, 35, 41, 46, 49, 142
- anonymity,
21, 25, 27, 33, 101
- argumentation strategies,
52, 75, 78, 89, 92
- authenticity,
13, 21, 23, 25, 27, 97, 101, 118, 120
B
- Basque Country,
23, 29, 108
- bilingual approach,
99, 127, 150, 154
- bilingual country,
1, 21, 30
- bilingual practices,
99, 125, 127, 129
- bilingual service provision,
98–99, 107, 114–15, 138
- bilingual Wales,
26, 29, 55, 57, 59, 78–79, 137–38, 143–45, 153–55
- boundaries,
6, 24, 108, 119, 152
- branding,
13, 73, 114, 118, 120, 148–49
- business discourse,
7, 81, 89
C
- capitalism, late,
12, 15, 29, 118
- Catalonia,
21, 23, 43, 82, 129
- CDA (Critical Discourse Analysis),
43, 45–46
- CDS (Critical Discourse Studies),
7, 9–10, 39, 43–48, 51
- choice
- notion of,
27, 65, 68, 79, 81, 125
- choice of service,
81, 93, 97, 99, 124–25, 127, 129
- citizen-consumers,
129, 143
- CLP (Critical Language Policy),
7, 9, 11, 16, 36–37
- commodification,
13–14, 16, 31, 90, 92, 148–50
- linguistic,
16, 122, 148–49
- commodification of Welsh,
93, 121, 149
- commodification practices,
82
- commodified bilingualism,
93
- commodities,
6, 12, 14, 21, 89
- community development,
26, 122
- community language,
26, 122
- competition,
6, 137, 139, 149
- corporate bilingualism,
7–8, 115, 117, 138, 142, 145, 150–51
- corporate identity,
70, 72–73, 99–101, 110, 114, 120, 133, 139, 142
- corporate language policy,
51, 56, 66, 68, 77, 105
- corporate language policy discourse,
8, 17, 48, 64–65, 67–94, 154
- Critical Discourse Studies.
See CDS
- Critical Language Policy.
See CLP
- critical social theory,
9
- critical sociolinguistics,
9–10, 152
- critique,
4, 10–11, 45–47, 152
- cultural identity,
5, 105, 119
- culture,
12–13, 21–22, 29–30, 72–73, 83–86, 96, 107, 118–20, 142–44
D
- DHA (Discourse-Historical Approach),
7, 39, 41, 46, 51–53, 58–59, 62–63
- discourse analysis, multi-level,
51–63
- discourse fragments,
58, 74, 76–77, 83–85, 87, 89, 124
- discourse topics,
51, 58, 60, 72, 74, 83, 90
- Discourse-Historical Approach.
See DHA
- discourse(s)
- language endangerment,
96
- nationalist,
30, 43, 105, 126
- political,
25, 28, 52, 65, 85, 122–23, 138
- discourse studies,
9, 14, 35, 37, 49
- discursive,
2, 9, 11, 33, 37–38, 40–41, 44–45, 51
- discursive approach,
9, 35–51, 64, 142, 155
- discursive data,
44, 58, 74
- discursive lens,
2, 33, 49
- discursive practices,
7, 39, 44–45, 47–48, 54, 58
- discursive shifts,
1, 14, 142, 144
- discursive strategies,
39–40, 51–53, 58–60, 74, 79
- distinctiveness,
66, 88, 105
- double monolingualism,
42, 79, 124, 138
E
- economic development,
22, 32, 68, 72–73, 87–89, 123, 149
- economic resource,
13, 25, 58, 74, 82, 86–88, 91
- economisation,
12, 14, 44
- economy,
7, 14, 30, 89, 141, 150, 155
- empowerment,
33, 80, 93, 124, 147
- English,
2, 4, 6–7, 12, 20–24, 58, 78, 92–93, 130–132, 146
- English language policy,
135
- equality,
4–5, 23–24, 26–27, 29, 74–78, 82, 93, 146, 149
- principle of,
24, 26, 58, 75–76
- equality agenda,
23, 77, 93
F
- fields
- political,
53, 56–57, 124
G
- genre,
45, 48, 51, 53–59, 65–66, 68, 71–72, 74
- globalisation,
5–6, 23, 130, 147–48
- globalisation processes,
108
- governance
- corporate,
53, 56–57, 138
- government bodies,
15, 66, 68, 79, 144, 146
H
- heartland community,
22, 26, 129, 135, 139
- heritage,
5, 68, 72, 84, 86, 118, 133
- hierarchies,
55, 93, 122, 130, 145
- hierarchisation,
9, 12, 16, 43, 132, 146
- historical contexts,
4, 15–16, 19, 40, 54
I
- ideological agendas,
45–46
- ideological debates,
25, 94, 145
- ideologies,
14–15, 21, 35–43, 45–49, 84, 95–115, 126–30, 135–36, 142–43, 145–46
- inequality,
2, 9, 11, 15–16, 36, 44, 46
- institutions,
33, 68, 71, 150, 152
- interdiscursivity,
54–55, 66, 68, 76
- intertextual,
53–54, 58, 60, 75, 80
- intertextuality,
54–55, 68, 75–76, 79, 81, 90
- investment,
11, 90, 107, 123
- Irish,
7, 22–23, 31, 115, 148
L
- language
- living,
25, 27, 29, 84, 143
- language choice,
25–26, 72–74, 78, 80–81, 95, 97, 99, 124–25, 128–31, 133
- language commodification,
12–14, 16, 92
- language endangerment,
119
- language equality,
73–74, 146
- language-ideological debates,
40, 66, 122, 129, 146
- language ideologies,
10, 16, 38–41, 45, 47–48
- language laws,
23, 25, 48, 115, 136–37
- language marketing,
25, 145
- language ownership,
77, 79
- language policy
- and planning,
7, 35, 37, 141
- minority,
7, 12, 33, 141, 154
- national,
51–52, 56–57, 66, 86, 88
- language policy frameworks,
33, 47
- language policy processes,
7–10, 13, 16, 47, 138, 149, 155
- language policy research,
9, 35–37, 51, 152
- language policy texts,
53, 55, 65–66, 72, 74
- language practices,
11, 15, 39, 42, 95, 131
- language revitalisation,
7, 19, 30, 93, 100
- language schemes
- corporate,
48, 68, 72, 77, 92
- individualised Welsh,
57, 70
- language skills,
13, 73, 79, 91–92, 121–22
- language strategies,
26, 28–29, 76, 105, 121
- language voluntarism,
103, 124
- legislation,
24, 106–7, 136–37, 147
- legitimacy,
3–4, 10, 32, 55, 87, 96, 130–32
- linguistic practices,
10, 12, 39, 48, 60, 124
M
- macro/micro dichotomy,
10
;
See also structuration
- marginalisation,
9, 49, 147
- market
- linguistic,
12, 14, 21, 42–43, 126, 138
- marketplace
- linguistic,
117, 122, 139, 144
- mechanisms,
33, 40, 47–49, 51, 131, 133, 142
- minority language communities,
126, 129, 145, 154
- minority language contexts,
2–4, 8, 82, 97, 144, 153, 155
- minority language promotion,
95, 148
- minority languages,
5–7, 12–13, 21–23, 99–100, 105, 108, 120–21, 127, 147, 149–50, 153
- monolingualism,
42, 135, 151
- multilingualism,
5–6, 13, 154
- multilingual Wales,
55, 154
N
- national identity,
21, 43, 73, 78, 83, 100–101, 104–5, 144
- nationhood,
5, 20, 43, 143–44
- nation states,
6, 33, 84, 149
- naturalness,
96, 111, 121, 129, 134–35, 139
- neoliberalism,
7, 14–16, 38
- nomination,
52, 59–60, 78–80, 88
- nomination strategies,
77, 91
- normalisation,
23, 28, 33
- normative assumptions,
11, 149
O
- objectification,
29, 123, 149
- obligation,
25, 31, 79, 118, 132, 145
- official language,
24–25, 130–31, 147
P
- perspectivation,
52, 59–60, 78–80, 91
- perspectivation strategies,
77–78, 80, 83, 88, 91
- persuasion,
30, 32, 83, 87, 136–37, 147, 151
- policy actors,
8, 35, 66, 78, 80, 90
- policy discourse,
25, 29, 37, 82, 100, 143, 146
- policy document,
57, 70–72, 76, 79, 81–82, 85, 90–93, 133–35
- policy makers,
14–15, 86, 150, 153–55
- policy processes,
15, 48, 74
- policy texts,
33, 35, 41, 58, 60, 65–66, 68, 70–72, 74
- political discourse,
25, 28, 52, 65, 85, 122–23, 138
- politics,
1–2, 152–53, 155
- power relations,
39–40, 45, 49, 66, 74, 127, 130
- practices
- discursive and social,
11, 19, 40–41, 51, 141
- prestige,
5, 7, 9, 42–43, 130, 136, 138
- pride,
15, 82, 85–86, 93, 118–20
- private sector,
7, 24–26, 28–32, 99, 101, 103, 106–7
- private sector bodies,
26, 31–32, 87, 106, 135
- private sector businesses,
6–7, 99, 101, 136, 138, 141, 148
- private sector companies,
28, 39, 125
- privilege,
9, 42, 142, 150
- purism, linguistic,
126–27, 145
R
- recontextualisation,
54–55, 77, 93
- recontextualisation processes,
55, 60, 74, 77, 81, 85
- reflexive,
5, 9, 11, 38, 44
- representation,
39, 45, 135
- researcher positionality,
2–3, 60
- resources,
10–13, 30–31, 87–88, 93, 114–15, 118, 120, 143, 146–47
- responsibility,
26, 33, 52, 72–73, 77, 79–80, 92–93, 143, 149
- revitalisation,
25, 33, 127
S
- self-reflexivity,
45–46, 152
- skills,
12, 14, 31, 33, 84, 87, 91, 118, 121–22
- social actors,
8, 10, 52, 59, 61, 77, 86, 88, 91
- social practices,
7, 9, 11, 38, 40–41, 44, 48–49, 51, 141, 143
- social theory,
3, 7, 43–44, 152–53
- society,
15, 35–36, 39, 43–45, 154–55
- late modern,
6, 13, 146, 155
- sociocultural resource,
82
- sociolinguistics,
9, 11, 14, 153
- standardisation,
25, 117, 145, 147, 151
- structuration, theory of,
10
- symbols,
82, 89, 105, 119, 149
T
- territory,
20–21, 25, 126, 142–43
- thinginess,
12, 16, 84, 92, 150
- topoi,
52, 54–55, 59–60, 72, 74
- topos,
72, 75, 79–80, 83, 85, 88–90, 92
- training,
69, 91, 99, 126
- transformations,
2, 55, 75, 81–82, 118, 155
- true bilingualism,
27, 73–74, 78–80, 107, 117, 132
- truly bilingual Wales,
22, 25, 29, 65, 78
V
- voluntarism,
81, 123, 136, 145
W
- Wales
- post-devolution,
21, 24, 27
- Welsh
- promoting,
28, 51–52, 56, 124
- services in,
70, 75, 87, 133
- Welsh business,
3, 8, 17, 95–115
- Welsh-English bilingualism,
2, 17, 21, 129, 135, 141
- Welsh Language Act,
24, 55, 57, 69, 75–76, 81
- Welsh Language Commissioner,
22, 24, 27, 30, 32, 107, 151–52
- Welsh Language Measure,
24, 27, 80–81, 103, 106, 135–37, 147
- Welsh language policy,
19, 23, 27, 30–31, 111–12, 115, 134–35
- Welsh language scheme,
24, 54, 75
- Welsh language skills,
4, 26–27, 30, 91–92, 99–101, 106
- Welshness,
21, 93, 119–20, 148
- Welsh speakers,
20, 22–23, 85–86, 102–3, 106, 108, 110, 121–22, 129–30, 137
- workplace,
3, 6–7, 26–31, 86–87, 100–102, 121, 148, 150–51, 153–54