240017788 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code IHLL 28 Hb 15 9789027207142 06 10.1075/ihll.28 13 2020017467 00 BB 08 965 gr 10 01 JB code IHLL 02 2213-3887 02 28.00 01 02 Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 01 01 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact Studies from Africa, the Americas, and Spain Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact: Studies from Africa, the Americas, and Spain 1 B01 01 JB code 988283911 Rajiv Rao Rao, Rajiv Rajiv Rao University of Wisconsin-Madison 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/988283911 01 eng 11 462 03 03 x 03 00 452 03 01 23 467 03 2020 PC4135 04 Spanish language--Phonetics. 04 Spanish language--Phonology. 10 LAN011000 12 CF/2ADS 24 JB code LIN.CONT Contact Linguistics 24 JB code LIN.PHOT Phonetics 24 JB code LIN.PHON Phonology 24 JB code LIN.ROM Romance linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 01 06 02 00 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact: Studies from Africa, the Americas, and Spain brings together scholars working on a wide range of aspects of the Spanish sound system and how their coexistence with another language in speech communities across the Hispanophone world influences their manifestation. 03 00 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact: Studies from Africa, the Americas, and Spain brings together scholars working on a wide range of aspects of the Spanish sound system and how their coexistence with another language in speech communities across the Hispanophone world influences their manifestation. Drawing upon seminal works in the fields of language contact in general, Spanish in contact with indigenous and regional languages, and laboratory approaches tied to the languages in question, the volume’s contents employ acoustic and quantitative approaches, as well as both controlled and spontaneous data elicitation procedures, to shed light on how linguistic, historical, and social variables drive contact phenomena, and in turn, shape specific varieties of Spanish. It will pique the interest of researchers and students of fields such as contact linguistics, language variation and change, segmental and suprasegmental phonetics and phonology, and sociolinguistics. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/ihll.28.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027207142.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027207142.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/ihll.28.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/ihll.28.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/ihll.28.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/ihll.28.hb.png 01 01 JB code ihll.28.ack 06 10.1075/ihll.28.ack ix x 2 Miscellaneous 1 01 04 Acknowledgments Acknowledgments 01 eng 01 01 JB code ihll.28.int 06 10.1075/ihll.28.int 1 12 12 Chapter 2 01 04 Introduction Introduction 1 A01 01 JB code 919416352 Rajiv Rao Rao, Rajiv Rajiv Rao University of Wisconsin-Madison 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/919416352 2 A01 01 JB code 159416353 Sandro Sessarego Sessarego, Sandro Sandro Sessarego University of Texas at Austin, Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Foro Latinoamericano de Antropología del Derecho 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/159416353 01 eng 01 01 JB code ihll.28.p1 06 10.1075/ihll.28.p1 16 31 16 Section header 3 01 04 Part I. Africa Part I. Africa 01 eng 01 01 JB code ihll.28.01lip 06 10.1075/ihll.28.01lip 13 32 20 Chapter 4 01 04 Chapter 1. Equatorial Guinea Spanish non-continuant /d/ Chapter 1. Equatorial Guinea Spanish non-continuant /d/ 01 04 More than a generic L2 trait More than a generic L2 trait 1 A01 01 JB code 117416354 John M. Lipski Lipski, John M. John M. Lipski The Pennsylvania State University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/117416354 01 eng 30 00

In Equatorial Guinea, the only sub-Saharan African nation in which Spanish is widely spoken, prevocalic /d/ frequently receives a short occlusive articulation that approximates [ɾ]. A similar pronunciation occurs in some contemporary Afro-descendant populations in Latin America, and Afro-Hispanic literary stereotypes also include the /d/ > [ɾ] shift. Based on an acoustic analysis of naturalistic speech, this study proposes that non-continuant realizations of /d/ are part of a cluster of traits that include an alveolar realization of /t/ and /d/, partial neutralization of /ɾ/-/r/, and prominent svarabhakti vowels. A combination of incomplete L2 acquisition, L1 carryovers, and structural re-alignment emerges as the most likely account of Equatorial Guinean /d/ > [ɾ], which may partially extend to other Afro-Hispanic speech communities.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.p2 06 10.1075/ihll.28.p2 36 323 288 Section header 5 01 04 Part II. The Americas Part II. The Americas 01 eng 01 01 JB code ihll.28.02mic 06 10.1075/ihll.28.02mic 33 62 30 Chapter 6 01 04 Chapter 2. The changing rhythm of Yucatan Spanish Chapter 2. The changing rhythm of Yucatan Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 720416355 Jim Michnowicz Michnowicz, Jim Jim Michnowicz North Carolina State University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/720416355 2 A01 01 JB code 978416356 Alex Hyler Hyler, Alex Alex Hyler North Carolina State University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/978416356 01 eng 30 00

This is a real time sociolinguistic analysis of the changing rhythm of Yucatan Spanish (YS), measured by four rhythm metrics: %V, ΔC, Vnpvi and Crpvi. We compare apparent time data, previously collected in 2005, with real time data collected 11 years later, in 2016, analyzing the prosodic rhythm of YS across three age groups (2005 older vs. younger; 2016 younger) and two language groups (Maya-Spanish bilinguals vs. Spanish monolinguals). Results indicate that younger speakers are moving away from the Maya-influenced rhythm of traditional YS, and are instead adopting a rhythm similar to Mexico City Spanish. These changes are explained as a process of new dialect formation/koineization, as the dialect stabilizes after a period of intense dialect and language contact.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.03bai 06 10.1075/ihll.28.03bai 63 82 20 Chapter 7 01 04 Chapter 3. The vowel spaces of Spanish-K'ichee' bilinguals Chapter 3. The vowel spaces of Spanish-K’ichee’ bilinguals 1 A01 01 JB code 619416357 Brandon O. Baird Baird, Brandon O. Brandon O. Baird Middlebury College 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/619416357 01 eng 30 00

The point vowels /i, a, u/ serve to mark the extremes of the acoustic vowel space; however, previous experimental research on K’ichee’ has shown that the acoustic location of point vowels varies according to the vowel inventory of the specific dialect of K’ichee’. The present study analyzes the acoustic vowel spaces of Guatemalan Spanish monolinguals and of Spanish-K’ichee’ bilinguals from two K’ichee’ dialects with different vowel inventories. The results of a production task reveal that the bilingual Spanish vowel spaces differ from those of monolinguals. Furthermore, although these bilinguals maintain cross-language differences in their mid vowels, their Spanish point vowels correspond in acoustic location to their K’ichee’ point vowels, meaning they have similar acoustic vowel spaces in both languages.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.04cha 06 10.1075/ihll.28.04cha 83 102 20 Chapter 8 01 04 Chapter 4. Social contact and linguistic convergence Chapter 4. Social contact and linguistic convergence 01 04 The reduction of intervocalic /d/ in Bilwi, Nicaragua The reduction of intervocalic /d/ in Bilwi, Nicaragua 1 A01 01 JB code 159416358 Whitney Chappell Chappell, Whitney Whitney Chappell The University of Texas at San Antonio 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/159416358 01 eng 30 00

The Spanish spoken along Nicaragua’s Atlantic Coast has been described as a dialect divergent from Western Nicaraguan Spanish, and one commonly cited difference is the realization of intervocalic /b, d, ɡ/. The present study uses intervocalic /d/ as a litmus test to determine whether young Miskitu-Spanish bilinguals in Bilwi are maintaining a distinct coastal dialect of Spanish or converging on national norms as contact increases with monolingual speakers from the West. The results of a mixed-effects linear regression model using relative intensity to measure /d/ constriction show no significant differences between the young bilinguals in Bilwi and the monolinguals from Managua, suggesting that the unique coastal dialect is receding among younger speakers, whose Spanish phonological system is increasingly monolingual-like.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.05ste 06 10.1075/ihll.28.05ste 103 140 38 Chapter 9 01 04 Chapter 5. A preliminary, descriptive survey of rhotic and approximant fricativization in Northern Ecuadorian Andean Spanish varieties, Quichua, and Media Lengua Chapter 5. A preliminary, descriptive survey of rhotic and approximant fricativization in Northern Ecuadorian Andean Spanish varieties, Quichua, and Media Lengua 1 A01 01 JB code 966416359 Jesse Stewart Stewart, Jesse Jesse Stewart University of Saskatchewan 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/966416359 01 eng 30 00

This chapter examines acoustic data from six speech communities in the northern Andean region of Ecuador to describe variation in the Spanish rhotics /r, ɾ/ and approximants /ʎ, j/, as well as their relationship to the Quichua fricatives /ʐ, ʒ/. Data were collected from four dialects of Spanish, Imbabura Quichua, and Media Lengua, a mixed language containing Spanish lexicon and Quichua morphosyntax. Results from this preliminary, descriptive survey support claims that speakers of both urban and rural dialects of Spanish make extensive use of [ʐ] for /r/ and [ʒ] for /ʎ/, in addition to a wealth of phonetic variation. Similarly, /r/ and /ʎ/ from Spanish borrowings in Media Lengua and Quichua assimilate to [ʐ] and [ʒ], respectively, with little exception.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.06hen 06 10.1075/ihll.28.06hen 141 162 22 Chapter 10 01 04 Chapter 6. Intervocalic phonemic stop realization in Amazonian Peru Chapter 6. Intervocalic phonemic stop realization in Amazonian Peru 01 04 The case of Yagua Spanish The case of Yagua Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 547416360 Nicholas Henriksen Henriksen, Nicholas Nicholas Henriksen University of Michigan 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/547416360 2 A01 01 JB code 852416361 Stephen Fafulas Fafulas, Stephen Stephen Fafulas University of Mississippi 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/852416361 3 A01 01 JB code 127416362 Erin O'Rourke O'Rourke, Erin Erin O'Rourke University of Alabama 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/127416362 01 eng 30 00

This study explores intervocalic phonemic stop realization in Spanish by monolingual and bilingual speakers in the Peruvian Amazon. We performed an acoustic analysis of sociolinguistic interviews conducted in Spanish with Spanish monolinguals and Yagua-Spanish bilinguals. We focus on Yagua-Spanish bilinguals since the substrate language, Yagua, does not contrast voiceless and voiced stops. Our results, derived from phonetic measurements of relative intensity and consonant duration, show that there is greater lenition of stops by Spanish monolinguals than by Yagua-Spanish bilinguals. They further suggest that ethnic Yagua communities are converging toward Spanish-like patterns of lenition of /p t k b d ɡ/. Altogether, this study contributes to the literature on Spanish contact phonology through an investigation of Spanish-Yagua bilingualism in Amazonian Peru.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.07eli 06 10.1075/ihll.28.07eli 163 206 44 Chapter 11 01 04 Chapter 7. Rhotics in Shipibo-Konibo Spanish Chapter 7. Rhotics in Shipibo-Konibo Spanish 01 04 A phonetic study A phonetic study 1 A01 01 JB code 762416363 Jose Alberto Elias-Ulloa Elias-Ulloa, Jose Alberto Jose Alberto Elias-Ulloa Stony Brook University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/762416363 01 eng 30 00

This chapter presents a phonetic study of the trill /r/ and the tap /ɾ/ in Shipibo-Konibo Spanish, examines their characteristics, and compares them to those found in monolingual Peruvian Amazonian Spanish. The study shows that L2 Shipibo-Konibo Spanish is not a uniform phenomenon, but rather is comprised of different varieties defined by speakers’ levels of proficiency and type of Spanish with which they are in contact. It identifies speakers of Type-I, who do not have a high level of proficiency in Spanish; speakers of Type-II, who show an advanced level as a result of their contact with rural Amazonian Spanish; and speakers of Type-III, who also have a high level of proficiency in Spanish that results from contact with urban monolingual Spanish.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.08but 06 10.1075/ihll.28.08but 207 226 20 Chapter 12 01 04 Chapter 8. Afro-Peruvian Spanish intonation Chapter 8. Afro-Peruvian Spanish intonation 01 04 A case of contact-induced language change A case of contact-induced language change 1 A01 01 JB code 173416364 Brianna Butera Butera, Brianna Brianna Butera University of Memphis 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/173416364 2 A01 01 JB code 422416365 Rajiv Rao Rao, Rajiv Rajiv Rao University of Wisconsin-Madison 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/422416365 3 A01 01 JB code 694416366 Sandro Sessarego Sessarego, Sandro Sandro Sessarego University of Texas at Austin, Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Foro Latinoamericano de Antropología del Derecho 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/694416366 01 eng 30 00

This paper provides an analysis of Afro-Peruvian Spanish (APS) declarative intonation. APS is an Afro-Hispanic vernacular spoken across some rural villages in the Province of Chincha, coastal Peru. Results indicate that APS does not follow declarative intonation patterns found in most normative varieties of Spanish. In particular, it shows lower rates of downstepping; it presents systematic peak alignment at the word level (both in nuclear and prenuclear positions); and it is characterized by L- boundary tones at the intermediate phrase edges (rather than H- configurations). We analyze these results as the byproduct of contact-induced change, which led to the reduction of Spanish phonological targets in the APS grammar and to a subsequent reconfiguration of its prosodic system.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.09gyn 06 10.1075/ihll.28.09gyn 227 262 36 Chapter 13 01 04 Chapter 9. The glottal stop in Guarani and Paraguayan Spanish Chapter 9. The glottal stop in Guaraní and Paraguayan Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 335416367 Shaw N. Gynan Gynan, Shaw N. Shaw N. Gynan Western Washington University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/335416367 2 A01 01 JB code 593416368 Ernesto Luís López Almada López Almada, Ernesto Luís Ernesto Luís López Almada National University of Itapúa 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/593416368 01 eng 30 00

This study documents the use of [ʔ] in Paraguay, analyzing its distribution among four phonetic contexts: word-internal (Guaraní), phrase-initial (Guaraní and Spanish), synalepha (Guaraní and Spanish), and linking (Spanish). In each context, [ʔ]’s distribution is analyzed by following stress and vowel. Stress favors retention of word-internal [ʔ] in Guaraní, phrase-initial [ʔ] in Spanish and epenthetic [ʔ] in Guaraní, while it disfavors use of [ʔ] in Spanish synalepha. The vowels [e] and [i] suppress word-internal and prothetic [ʔ] in Guaraní, and Spanish synalepha with [ʔ], whereas [o] and [u] suppress Spanish prothesis and epenthesis of [ʔ] for synalepha. The results suggest that, in this study of fluent bilinguals, [ʔ] in Spanish is the result of convergence rather than second language transfer.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.10wal 06 10.1075/ihll.28.10wal 263 292 30 Chapter 14 01 04 Chapter 10. The interaction of social factors in the acoustically gradient realization of intervocalic /d/ in Border Uruguayan Spanish Chapter 10. The interaction of social factors in the acoustically gradient realization of intervocalic /d/ in Border Uruguayan Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 195416369 Mark Waltermire Waltermire, Mark Mark Waltermire New Mexico State University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/195416369 2 A01 01 JB code 272416370 Michael Gradoville Gradoville, Michael Michael Gradoville Arizona State University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/272416370 01 eng 30 00

Along the Uruguayan-Brazilian border, Spanish exhibits phonological influence from Portuguese, including the realization of intervocalic /d/ as a stop. Using conversational data from 40 bilinguals, we analyze tokens of intervocalic /d/ acoustically using a consonant-vowel intensity ratio according to multiple social factors and their interactions. The results suggest that, while interactions are present (with stops being favored by Portuguese-preferring professional females), the main effects of social factors predominate. Younger speakers are moving away from the use of stop-like productions and toward the pan-Hispanic norm of variation between approximants and deletion. Portuguese-preferring speakers make greater use of stop-like variants, as do females, which is explained by the linguistic behaviors of the four women who produced /d/ with the highest intensity ratios.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.11rog 06 10.1075/ihll.28.11rog 293 324 32 Chapter 15 01 04 Chapter 11. Exploring focus extension in Mapudungun and Chilean Spanish intonational plateaus Chapter 11. Exploring focus extension in Mapudungun and Chilean Spanish intonational plateaus 01 04 The case for pragmatic transfer through language contact The case for pragmatic transfer through language contact 1 A01 01 JB code 105416371 Brandon M.A. Rogers Rogers, Brandon M.A. Brandon M.A. Rogers Texas Tech University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/105416371 01 eng 30 00

Notions that Mapudungun, a polysynthetic agglutinating isolate spoken in modern-day Chile, has had any linguistic influence on Chilean Spanish outside of lexical loanwords have met stiff resistance (e.g., Alonso, 1953); however, recent studies (e.g., Sadowsky, 2013) suggest that Mapudungun’s influence on Chilean Spanish may be more profound than previously asserted. The current study examines a unique intonational “plateau” pattern documented in Rogers (2013). Similar patterns occur in Mapudungun and the data demonstrate that Mapudungun intonational plateaus and Chilean Spanish intonational plateaus behave very similarly at different prosodic, syntactic, and pragmatic levels. This study proposes that the plateau patterns in both languages are a mechanism of focus extension, and that Mapudungun introduced this unique pragmatic device into Chilean Spanish intonational phonology.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.p3 06 10.1075/ihll.28.p3 328 450 123 Section header 16 01 04 Part III. Spain Part III. Spain 01 eng 01 01 JB code ihll.28.12reg 06 10.1075/ihll.28.12reg 325 362 38 Chapter 17 01 04 Chapter 12. The Spanish sound system and intonation in contact with Galician Chapter 12. The Spanish sound system and intonation in contact with Galician 1 A01 01 JB code 870416372 Xosé Luís Regueira Regueira, Xosé Luís Xosé Luís Regueira Instituto da Lingua Galega – Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/870416372 2 A01 01 JB code 919416373 Elisa Fernández Rei Fernández Rei, Elisa Elisa Fernández Rei Instituto da Lingua Galega – Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/919416373 01 eng 30 00

This exploratory study presents an approach to the phonetic models of Galician Spanish (GS) by means of a small sample of six female speakers with different linguistic profiles. We analyze the production of stressed vowels, final unstressed vowels, and some intonation contours. Unlike earlier descriptions, we do not find direct transfer from Galician to the GS phonetic system. Our results show: (1) The disappearance of the Galician seven vowel system and some examples of hybridization in wh-question intonation, both of which could be seen as signs of change in GS; and (2) The reduction of the final vowels and direct transfer from Galician to GS in yes-no questions, both of which could suggest preservation of the covert prestige of Galician.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.13bar 06 10.1075/ihll.28.13bar 363 382 20 Chapter 18 01 04 Chapter 13. The unstressed vowel system of Asturian Spanish Chapter 13. The unstressed vowel system of Asturian Spanish 01 04 Language contact and phonetic contrast in word-final position Language contact and phonetic contrast in word-final position 1 A01 01 JB code 739416374 Sonia Barnes Barnes, Sonia Sonia Barnes Marquette University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/739416374 01 eng 30 00

Influenced by the minority language of the region, speakers of Asturian Spanish vary in their production of final back vowels in the masculine singular morpheme, with realizations that range from Spanish [-o] (e.g., perro) to Asturian [-u] (e.g., perru). In this study, I compare the acoustic properties of [o] and [u] in unstressed final and non-final position using the Pillai-Barlett Statistic in R. The results show that young speakers and women have significantly lower pillai scores word-finally, indicating a higher degree of merger between the two vowels in that position. I propose that these speakers are producing a “neutral” variant that allows them to minimize the social risk of using a stigmatized form, while being able to index regional identity.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.14dav 06 10.1075/ihll.28.14dav 383 420 38 Chapter 19 01 04 Chapter 14. Spanish phonology in contact with Catalan Chapter 14. Spanish phonology in contact with Catalan 01 04 On implementations of gradience and discreteness in the study of sociolinguistic variation of laterals On implementations of gradience and discreteness in the study of sociolinguistic variation of laterals 1 A01 01 JB code 347416375 Justin Davidson Davidson, Justin Justin Davidson University of California, Berkeley 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/347416375 01 eng 30 00

This study investigates sociophonetic variation in the production of the alveolar lateral /l/ in Catalan and Spanish, the velarization of which is considered the hallmark feature of Catalonian Spanish (Arnal, 2011; Casanovas Català, 1995; Hickey, 2012). Using an innovative combination of both gradient and categorical analyses to evaluate lateral production in Spanish and Catalan elicited from Catalan-Spanish bilinguals and Madrid monolinguals stratified by gender and exposure/usage of Catalan, we assess the degree to which lateral velarization pervades this contact setting. In so doing, we demonstrate that lateral velarization and the inventory of lateral categories in these languages are best approached using gradient and relative hierarchies of lateral darkness rather than discrete applications of intrinsically light [l] or dark [ɫ].

01 01 JB code ihll.28.15gab 06 10.1075/ihll.28.15gab 421 450 30 Chapter 20 01 04 Chapter 15. Portuguese remnants in the Spanish of Olivenza (Extremadura) Chapter 15. Portuguese remnants in the Spanish of Olivenza (Extremadura) 01 04 Exploring vowel raising, global speech rhythm, and intonation Exploring vowel raising, global speech rhythm, and intonation 1 A01 01 JB code 999416376 Christoph Gabriel Gabriel, Christoph Christoph Gabriel Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/999416376 2 A01 01 JB code 242416377 Jonas Grünke Grünke, Jonas Jonas Grünke Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/242416377 3 A01 01 JB code 314416378 Elena Kireva Kireva, Elena Elena Kireva University of Hamburg 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/314416378 01 eng 30 00

Olivenza Spanish (OS), spoken in the border zone between Extremadura and Alentejo, is characterized by salient phonological features that can plausibly be interpreted as long-term effects of Portuguese-Spanish bilingualism. We present the results of a formant analysis of unstressed /o/, which is raised to [u] in a quarter of OS cases, and discuss selected outcomes of recent (supra)segmental studies on the variety in question. It is argued that the respective findings speak in favor of interpreting OS as the result, first, of L1 transfer that occurred during the processes of L2 acquisition by the inhabitants of Olivenza after its incorporation into Spain in 1801, and second, of the local dialect’s subsequent convergence with the dominant variety, Castilian Spanish.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.ind 06 10.1075/ihll.28.ind 451 452 2 Miscellaneous 21 01 04 Index Index 01 eng
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282026781 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code IHLL 28 GE 15 9789027260956 06 10.1075/ihll.28 13 2020017468 00 EA E133 10 01 JB code IHLL 02 JB code 2213-3887 02 28.00 01 02 Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 01 01 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact 1 B01 01 JB code 988283911 Rajiv Rao Rao, Rajiv Rajiv Rao University of Wisconsin-Madison 01 eng 11 462 03 03 x 03 00 452 03 24 JB code LIN.CONT Contact Linguistics 24 JB code LIN.PHOT Phonetics 24 JB code LIN.PHON Phonology 24 JB code LIN.ROM Romance linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 10 LAN011000 12 CF/2ADS 01 06 02 00 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact: Studies from Africa, the Americas, and Spain brings together scholars working on a wide range of aspects of the Spanish sound system and how their coexistence with another language in speech communities across the Hispanophone world influences their manifestation. 03 00 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact: Studies from Africa, the Americas, and Spain brings together scholars working on a wide range of aspects of the Spanish sound system and how their coexistence with another language in speech communities across the Hispanophone world influences their manifestation. Drawing upon seminal works in the fields of language contact in general, Spanish in contact with indigenous and regional languages, and laboratory approaches tied to the languages in question, the volume’s contents employ acoustic and quantitative approaches, as well as both controlled and spontaneous data elicitation procedures, to shed light on how linguistic, historical, and social variables drive contact phenomena, and in turn, shape specific varieties of Spanish. It will pique the interest of researchers and students of fields such as contact linguistics, language variation and change, segmental and suprasegmental phonetics and phonology, and sociolinguistics. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/ihll.28.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027207142.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027207142.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/ihll.28.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/ihll.28.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/ihll.28.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/ihll.28.hb.png 01 01 JB code ihll.28.ack 06 10.1075/ihll.28.ack ix x 2 Miscellaneous 1 01 04 Acknowledgments Acknowledgments 01 01 JB code ihll.28.int 06 10.1075/ihll.28.int 2 12 11 Chapter 2 01 04 Introduction Introduction 1 A01 01 JB code 919416352 Rajiv Rao Rao, Rajiv Rajiv Rao University of Wisconsin-Madison 2 A01 01 JB code 159416353 Sandro Sessarego Sessarego, Sandro Sandro Sessarego University of Texas at Austin, Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Foro Latinoamericano de Antropología del Derecho 01 01 JB code ihll.28.p1 06 10.1075/ihll.28.p1 16 31 16 Section header 3 01 04 Part I. Africa Part I. Africa 01 01 JB code ihll.28.01lip 06 10.1075/ihll.28.01lip 16 31 16 Chapter 4 01 04 Chapter 1. Equatorial Guinea Spanish non-continuant /d/ Chapter 1. Equatorial Guinea Spanish non-continuant /d/ 01 04 More than a generic L2 trait More than a generic L2 trait 1 A01 01 JB code 117416354 John M. Lipski Lipski, John M. John M. Lipski The Pennsylvania State University 01 01 JB code ihll.28.p2 06 10.1075/ihll.28.p2 36 323 288 Section header 5 01 04 Part II. The Americas Part II. The Americas 01 01 JB code ihll.28.02mic 06 10.1075/ihll.28.02mic 36 62 27 Chapter 6 01 04 Chapter 2. The changing rhythm of Yucatan Spanish Chapter 2. The changing rhythm of Yucatan Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 720416355 Jim Michnowicz Michnowicz, Jim Jim Michnowicz North Carolina State University 2 A01 01 JB code 978416356 Alex Hyler Hyler, Alex Alex Hyler North Carolina State University 01 01 JB code ihll.28.03bai 06 10.1075/ihll.28.03bai 64 81 18 Chapter 7 01 04 Chapter 3. The vowel spaces of Spanish-K'ichee' bilinguals Chapter 3. The vowel spaces of Spanish-K’ichee’ bilinguals 1 A01 01 JB code 619416357 Brandon O. Baird Baird, Brandon O. Brandon O. Baird Middlebury College 01 01 JB code ihll.28.04cha 06 10.1075/ihll.28.04cha 84 102 19 Chapter 8 01 04 Chapter 4. Social contact and linguistic convergence Chapter 4. Social contact and linguistic convergence 01 04 The reduction of intervocalic /d/ in Bilwi, Nicaragua The reduction of intervocalic /d/ in Bilwi, Nicaragua 1 A01 01 JB code 159416358 Whitney Chappell Chappell, Whitney Whitney Chappell The University of Texas at San Antonio 01 01 JB code ihll.28.05ste 06 10.1075/ihll.28.05ste 104 139 36 Chapter 9 01 04 Chapter 5. A preliminary, descriptive survey of rhotic and approximant fricativization in Northern Ecuadorian Andean Spanish varieties, Quichua, and Media Lengua Chapter 5. A preliminary, descriptive survey of rhotic and approximant fricativization in Northern Ecuadorian Andean Spanish varieties, Quichua, and Media Lengua 1 A01 01 JB code 966416359 Jesse Stewart Stewart, Jesse Jesse Stewart University of Saskatchewan 01 01 JB code ihll.28.06hen 06 10.1075/ihll.28.06hen 142 161 20 Chapter 10 01 04 Chapter 6. Intervocalic phonemic stop realization in Amazonian Peru Chapter 6. Intervocalic phonemic stop realization in Amazonian Peru 01 04 The case of Yagua Spanish The case of Yagua Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 547416360 Nicholas Henriksen Henriksen, Nicholas Nicholas Henriksen University of Michigan 2 A01 01 JB code 852416361 Stephen Fafulas Fafulas, Stephen Stephen Fafulas University of Mississippi 3 A01 01 JB code 127416362 Erin O'Rourke O'Rourke, Erin Erin O'Rourke University of Alabama 01 01 JB code ihll.28.07eli 06 10.1075/ihll.28.07eli 164 206 43 Chapter 11 01 04 Chapter 7. Rhotics in Shipibo-Konibo Spanish Chapter 7. Rhotics in Shipibo-Konibo Spanish 01 04 A phonetic study A phonetic study 1 A01 01 JB code 762416363 Jose Alberto Elias-Ulloa Elias-Ulloa, Jose Alberto Jose Alberto Elias-Ulloa Stony Brook University 01 01 JB code ihll.28.08but 06 10.1075/ihll.28.08but 208 226 19 Chapter 12 01 04 Chapter 8. Afro-Peruvian Spanish intonation Chapter 8. Afro-Peruvian Spanish intonation 01 04 A case of contact-induced language change A case of contact-induced language change 1 A01 01 JB code 173416364 Brianna Butera Butera, Brianna Brianna Butera University of Memphis 2 A01 01 JB code 422416365 Rajiv Rao Rao, Rajiv Rajiv Rao University of Wisconsin-Madison 3 A01 01 JB code 694416366 Sandro Sessarego Sessarego, Sandro Sandro Sessarego University of Texas at Austin, Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Foro Latinoamericano de Antropología del Derecho 01 01 JB code ihll.28.09gyn 06 10.1075/ihll.28.09gyn 228 261 34 Chapter 13 01 04 Chapter 9. The glottal stop in Guarani and Paraguayan Spanish Chapter 9. The glottal stop in Guaraní and Paraguayan Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 335416367 Shaw N. Gynan Gynan, Shaw N. Shaw N. Gynan Western Washington University 2 A01 01 JB code 593416368 Ernesto Luís López Almada López Almada, Ernesto Luís Ernesto Luís López Almada National University of Itapúa 01 01 JB code ihll.28.10wal 06 10.1075/ihll.28.10wal 264 292 29 Chapter 14 01 04 Chapter 10. The interaction of social factors in the acoustically gradient realization of intervocalic /d/ in Border Uruguayan Spanish Chapter 10. The interaction of social factors in the acoustically gradient realization of intervocalic /d/ in Border Uruguayan Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 195416369 Mark Waltermire Waltermire, Mark Mark Waltermire New Mexico State University 2 A01 01 JB code 272416370 Michael Gradoville Gradoville, Michael Michael Gradoville Arizona State University 01 01 JB code ihll.28.11rog 06 10.1075/ihll.28.11rog 294 323 30 Chapter 15 01 04 Chapter 11. Exploring focus extension in Mapudungun and Chilean Spanish intonational plateaus Chapter 11. Exploring focus extension in Mapudungun and Chilean Spanish intonational plateaus 01 04 The case for pragmatic transfer through language contact The case for pragmatic transfer through language contact 1 A01 01 JB code 105416371 Brandon M.A. Rogers Rogers, Brandon M.A. Brandon M.A. Rogers Texas Tech University 01 01 JB code ihll.28.p3 06 10.1075/ihll.28.p3 328 450 123 Section header 16 01 04 Part III. Spain Part III. Spain 01 01 JB code ihll.28.12reg 06 10.1075/ihll.28.12reg 328 362 35 Chapter 17 01 04 Chapter 12. The Spanish sound system and intonation in contact with Galician Chapter 12. The Spanish sound system and intonation in contact with Galician 1 A01 01 JB code 870416372 Xosé Luís Regueira Regueira, Xosé Luís Xosé Luís Regueira Instituto da Lingua Galega – Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 2 A01 01 JB code 919416373 Elisa Fernández Rei Fernández Rei, Elisa Elisa Fernández Rei Instituto da Lingua Galega – Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 01 01 JB code ihll.28.13bar 06 10.1075/ihll.28.13bar 364 382 19 Chapter 18 01 04 Chapter 13. The unstressed vowel system of Asturian Spanish Chapter 13. The unstressed vowel system of Asturian Spanish 01 04 Language contact and phonetic contrast in word-final position Language contact and phonetic contrast in word-final position 1 A01 01 JB code 739416374 Sonia Barnes Barnes, Sonia Sonia Barnes Marquette University 01 01 JB code ihll.28.14dav 06 10.1075/ihll.28.14dav 384 420 37 Chapter 19 01 04 Chapter 14. Spanish phonology in contact with Catalan Chapter 14. Spanish phonology in contact with Catalan 01 04 On implementations of gradience and discreteness in the study of sociolinguistic variation of laterals On implementations of gradience and discreteness in the study of sociolinguistic variation of laterals 1 A01 01 JB code 347416375 Justin Davidson Davidson, Justin Justin Davidson University of California, Berkeley 01 01 JB code ihll.28.15gab 06 10.1075/ihll.28.15gab 422 450 29 Chapter 20 01 04 Chapter 15. Portuguese remnants in the Spanish of Olivenza (Extremadura) Chapter 15. Portuguese remnants in the Spanish of Olivenza (Extremadura) 01 04 Exploring vowel raising, global speech rhythm, and intonation Exploring vowel raising, global speech rhythm, and intonation 1 A01 01 JB code 999416376 Christoph Gabriel Gabriel, Christoph Christoph Gabriel Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 2 A01 01 JB code 242416377 Jonas Grünke Grünke, Jonas Jonas Grünke Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 3 A01 01 JB code 314416378 Elena Kireva Kireva, Elena Elena Kireva University of Hamburg 01 01 JB code ihll.28.ind 06 10.1075/ihll.28.ind 451 451 1 Miscellaneous 21 01 04 Index Index 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20200806 C 2020 John Benjamins D 2020 John Benjamins 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027207142 WORLD 03 01 JB 17 Google 03 https://play.google.com/store/books 21 01 00 Unqualified price 00 105.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 00 88.00 GBP 01 00 Unqualified price 00 158.00 USD 378017789 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code IHLL 28 Eb 15 9789027260956 06 10.1075/ihll.28 13 2020017468 00 EA E107 10 01 JB code IHLL 02 2213-3887 02 28.00 01 02 Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 11 01 JB code jbe-all 01 02 Full EBA collection (ca. 4,200 titles) 11 01 JB code jbe-eba-2023 01 02 Compact EBA Collection 2023 (ca. 700 titles, starting 2018) 11 01 JB code jbe-2020 01 02 2020 collection (131 titles) 11 01 JB code jbe-eba-2024 01 02 Compact EBA Collection 2024 (ca. 600 titles, starting 2019) 01 01 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact Studies from Africa, the Americas, and Spain Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact: Studies from Africa, the Americas, and Spain 1 B01 01 JB code 988283911 Rajiv Rao Rao, Rajiv Rajiv Rao University of Wisconsin-Madison 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/988283911 01 eng 11 462 03 03 x 03 00 452 03 01 23 467 03 2020 PC4135 04 Spanish language--Phonetics. 04 Spanish language--Phonology. 10 LAN011000 12 CF/2ADS 24 JB code LIN.CONT Contact Linguistics 24 JB code LIN.PHOT Phonetics 24 JB code LIN.PHON Phonology 24 JB code LIN.ROM Romance linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 01 06 02 00 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact: Studies from Africa, the Americas, and Spain brings together scholars working on a wide range of aspects of the Spanish sound system and how their coexistence with another language in speech communities across the Hispanophone world influences their manifestation. 03 00 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology in Contact: Studies from Africa, the Americas, and Spain brings together scholars working on a wide range of aspects of the Spanish sound system and how their coexistence with another language in speech communities across the Hispanophone world influences their manifestation. Drawing upon seminal works in the fields of language contact in general, Spanish in contact with indigenous and regional languages, and laboratory approaches tied to the languages in question, the volume’s contents employ acoustic and quantitative approaches, as well as both controlled and spontaneous data elicitation procedures, to shed light on how linguistic, historical, and social variables drive contact phenomena, and in turn, shape specific varieties of Spanish. It will pique the interest of researchers and students of fields such as contact linguistics, language variation and change, segmental and suprasegmental phonetics and phonology, and sociolinguistics. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/ihll.28.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027207142.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027207142.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/ihll.28.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/ihll.28.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/ihll.28.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/ihll.28.hb.png 01 01 JB code ihll.28.ack 06 10.1075/ihll.28.ack ix x 2 Miscellaneous 1 01 04 Acknowledgments Acknowledgments 01 eng 01 01 JB code ihll.28.int 06 10.1075/ihll.28.int 1 12 12 Chapter 2 01 04 Introduction Introduction 1 A01 01 JB code 919416352 Rajiv Rao Rao, Rajiv Rajiv Rao University of Wisconsin-Madison 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/919416352 2 A01 01 JB code 159416353 Sandro Sessarego Sessarego, Sandro Sandro Sessarego University of Texas at Austin, Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Foro Latinoamericano de Antropología del Derecho 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/159416353 01 eng 01 01 JB code ihll.28.p1 06 10.1075/ihll.28.p1 16 31 16 Section header 3 01 04 Part I. Africa Part I. Africa 01 eng 01 01 JB code ihll.28.01lip 06 10.1075/ihll.28.01lip 13 32 20 Chapter 4 01 04 Chapter 1. Equatorial Guinea Spanish non-continuant /d/ Chapter 1. Equatorial Guinea Spanish non-continuant /d/ 01 04 More than a generic L2 trait More than a generic L2 trait 1 A01 01 JB code 117416354 John M. Lipski Lipski, John M. John M. Lipski The Pennsylvania State University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/117416354 01 eng 30 00

In Equatorial Guinea, the only sub-Saharan African nation in which Spanish is widely spoken, prevocalic /d/ frequently receives a short occlusive articulation that approximates [ɾ]. A similar pronunciation occurs in some contemporary Afro-descendant populations in Latin America, and Afro-Hispanic literary stereotypes also include the /d/ > [ɾ] shift. Based on an acoustic analysis of naturalistic speech, this study proposes that non-continuant realizations of /d/ are part of a cluster of traits that include an alveolar realization of /t/ and /d/, partial neutralization of /ɾ/-/r/, and prominent svarabhakti vowels. A combination of incomplete L2 acquisition, L1 carryovers, and structural re-alignment emerges as the most likely account of Equatorial Guinean /d/ > [ɾ], which may partially extend to other Afro-Hispanic speech communities.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.p2 06 10.1075/ihll.28.p2 36 323 288 Section header 5 01 04 Part II. The Americas Part II. The Americas 01 eng 01 01 JB code ihll.28.02mic 06 10.1075/ihll.28.02mic 33 62 30 Chapter 6 01 04 Chapter 2. The changing rhythm of Yucatan Spanish Chapter 2. The changing rhythm of Yucatan Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 720416355 Jim Michnowicz Michnowicz, Jim Jim Michnowicz North Carolina State University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/720416355 2 A01 01 JB code 978416356 Alex Hyler Hyler, Alex Alex Hyler North Carolina State University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/978416356 01 eng 30 00

This is a real time sociolinguistic analysis of the changing rhythm of Yucatan Spanish (YS), measured by four rhythm metrics: %V, ΔC, Vnpvi and Crpvi. We compare apparent time data, previously collected in 2005, with real time data collected 11 years later, in 2016, analyzing the prosodic rhythm of YS across three age groups (2005 older vs. younger; 2016 younger) and two language groups (Maya-Spanish bilinguals vs. Spanish monolinguals). Results indicate that younger speakers are moving away from the Maya-influenced rhythm of traditional YS, and are instead adopting a rhythm similar to Mexico City Spanish. These changes are explained as a process of new dialect formation/koineization, as the dialect stabilizes after a period of intense dialect and language contact.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.03bai 06 10.1075/ihll.28.03bai 63 82 20 Chapter 7 01 04 Chapter 3. The vowel spaces of Spanish-K'ichee' bilinguals Chapter 3. The vowel spaces of Spanish-K’ichee’ bilinguals 1 A01 01 JB code 619416357 Brandon O. Baird Baird, Brandon O. Brandon O. Baird Middlebury College 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/619416357 01 eng 30 00

The point vowels /i, a, u/ serve to mark the extremes of the acoustic vowel space; however, previous experimental research on K’ichee’ has shown that the acoustic location of point vowels varies according to the vowel inventory of the specific dialect of K’ichee’. The present study analyzes the acoustic vowel spaces of Guatemalan Spanish monolinguals and of Spanish-K’ichee’ bilinguals from two K’ichee’ dialects with different vowel inventories. The results of a production task reveal that the bilingual Spanish vowel spaces differ from those of monolinguals. Furthermore, although these bilinguals maintain cross-language differences in their mid vowels, their Spanish point vowels correspond in acoustic location to their K’ichee’ point vowels, meaning they have similar acoustic vowel spaces in both languages.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.04cha 06 10.1075/ihll.28.04cha 83 102 20 Chapter 8 01 04 Chapter 4. Social contact and linguistic convergence Chapter 4. Social contact and linguistic convergence 01 04 The reduction of intervocalic /d/ in Bilwi, Nicaragua The reduction of intervocalic /d/ in Bilwi, Nicaragua 1 A01 01 JB code 159416358 Whitney Chappell Chappell, Whitney Whitney Chappell The University of Texas at San Antonio 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/159416358 01 eng 30 00

The Spanish spoken along Nicaragua’s Atlantic Coast has been described as a dialect divergent from Western Nicaraguan Spanish, and one commonly cited difference is the realization of intervocalic /b, d, ɡ/. The present study uses intervocalic /d/ as a litmus test to determine whether young Miskitu-Spanish bilinguals in Bilwi are maintaining a distinct coastal dialect of Spanish or converging on national norms as contact increases with monolingual speakers from the West. The results of a mixed-effects linear regression model using relative intensity to measure /d/ constriction show no significant differences between the young bilinguals in Bilwi and the monolinguals from Managua, suggesting that the unique coastal dialect is receding among younger speakers, whose Spanish phonological system is increasingly monolingual-like.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.05ste 06 10.1075/ihll.28.05ste 103 140 38 Chapter 9 01 04 Chapter 5. A preliminary, descriptive survey of rhotic and approximant fricativization in Northern Ecuadorian Andean Spanish varieties, Quichua, and Media Lengua Chapter 5. A preliminary, descriptive survey of rhotic and approximant fricativization in Northern Ecuadorian Andean Spanish varieties, Quichua, and Media Lengua 1 A01 01 JB code 966416359 Jesse Stewart Stewart, Jesse Jesse Stewart University of Saskatchewan 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/966416359 01 eng 30 00

This chapter examines acoustic data from six speech communities in the northern Andean region of Ecuador to describe variation in the Spanish rhotics /r, ɾ/ and approximants /ʎ, j/, as well as their relationship to the Quichua fricatives /ʐ, ʒ/. Data were collected from four dialects of Spanish, Imbabura Quichua, and Media Lengua, a mixed language containing Spanish lexicon and Quichua morphosyntax. Results from this preliminary, descriptive survey support claims that speakers of both urban and rural dialects of Spanish make extensive use of [ʐ] for /r/ and [ʒ] for /ʎ/, in addition to a wealth of phonetic variation. Similarly, /r/ and /ʎ/ from Spanish borrowings in Media Lengua and Quichua assimilate to [ʐ] and [ʒ], respectively, with little exception.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.06hen 06 10.1075/ihll.28.06hen 141 162 22 Chapter 10 01 04 Chapter 6. Intervocalic phonemic stop realization in Amazonian Peru Chapter 6. Intervocalic phonemic stop realization in Amazonian Peru 01 04 The case of Yagua Spanish The case of Yagua Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 547416360 Nicholas Henriksen Henriksen, Nicholas Nicholas Henriksen University of Michigan 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/547416360 2 A01 01 JB code 852416361 Stephen Fafulas Fafulas, Stephen Stephen Fafulas University of Mississippi 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/852416361 3 A01 01 JB code 127416362 Erin O'Rourke O'Rourke, Erin Erin O'Rourke University of Alabama 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/127416362 01 eng 30 00

This study explores intervocalic phonemic stop realization in Spanish by monolingual and bilingual speakers in the Peruvian Amazon. We performed an acoustic analysis of sociolinguistic interviews conducted in Spanish with Spanish monolinguals and Yagua-Spanish bilinguals. We focus on Yagua-Spanish bilinguals since the substrate language, Yagua, does not contrast voiceless and voiced stops. Our results, derived from phonetic measurements of relative intensity and consonant duration, show that there is greater lenition of stops by Spanish monolinguals than by Yagua-Spanish bilinguals. They further suggest that ethnic Yagua communities are converging toward Spanish-like patterns of lenition of /p t k b d ɡ/. Altogether, this study contributes to the literature on Spanish contact phonology through an investigation of Spanish-Yagua bilingualism in Amazonian Peru.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.07eli 06 10.1075/ihll.28.07eli 163 206 44 Chapter 11 01 04 Chapter 7. Rhotics in Shipibo-Konibo Spanish Chapter 7. Rhotics in Shipibo-Konibo Spanish 01 04 A phonetic study A phonetic study 1 A01 01 JB code 762416363 Jose Alberto Elias-Ulloa Elias-Ulloa, Jose Alberto Jose Alberto Elias-Ulloa Stony Brook University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/762416363 01 eng 30 00

This chapter presents a phonetic study of the trill /r/ and the tap /ɾ/ in Shipibo-Konibo Spanish, examines their characteristics, and compares them to those found in monolingual Peruvian Amazonian Spanish. The study shows that L2 Shipibo-Konibo Spanish is not a uniform phenomenon, but rather is comprised of different varieties defined by speakers’ levels of proficiency and type of Spanish with which they are in contact. It identifies speakers of Type-I, who do not have a high level of proficiency in Spanish; speakers of Type-II, who show an advanced level as a result of their contact with rural Amazonian Spanish; and speakers of Type-III, who also have a high level of proficiency in Spanish that results from contact with urban monolingual Spanish.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.08but 06 10.1075/ihll.28.08but 207 226 20 Chapter 12 01 04 Chapter 8. Afro-Peruvian Spanish intonation Chapter 8. Afro-Peruvian Spanish intonation 01 04 A case of contact-induced language change A case of contact-induced language change 1 A01 01 JB code 173416364 Brianna Butera Butera, Brianna Brianna Butera University of Memphis 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/173416364 2 A01 01 JB code 422416365 Rajiv Rao Rao, Rajiv Rajiv Rao University of Wisconsin-Madison 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/422416365 3 A01 01 JB code 694416366 Sandro Sessarego Sessarego, Sandro Sandro Sessarego University of Texas at Austin, Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Foro Latinoamericano de Antropología del Derecho 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/694416366 01 eng 30 00

This paper provides an analysis of Afro-Peruvian Spanish (APS) declarative intonation. APS is an Afro-Hispanic vernacular spoken across some rural villages in the Province of Chincha, coastal Peru. Results indicate that APS does not follow declarative intonation patterns found in most normative varieties of Spanish. In particular, it shows lower rates of downstepping; it presents systematic peak alignment at the word level (both in nuclear and prenuclear positions); and it is characterized by L- boundary tones at the intermediate phrase edges (rather than H- configurations). We analyze these results as the byproduct of contact-induced change, which led to the reduction of Spanish phonological targets in the APS grammar and to a subsequent reconfiguration of its prosodic system.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.09gyn 06 10.1075/ihll.28.09gyn 227 262 36 Chapter 13 01 04 Chapter 9. The glottal stop in Guarani and Paraguayan Spanish Chapter 9. The glottal stop in Guaraní and Paraguayan Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 335416367 Shaw N. Gynan Gynan, Shaw N. Shaw N. Gynan Western Washington University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/335416367 2 A01 01 JB code 593416368 Ernesto Luís López Almada López Almada, Ernesto Luís Ernesto Luís López Almada National University of Itapúa 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/593416368 01 eng 30 00

This study documents the use of [ʔ] in Paraguay, analyzing its distribution among four phonetic contexts: word-internal (Guaraní), phrase-initial (Guaraní and Spanish), synalepha (Guaraní and Spanish), and linking (Spanish). In each context, [ʔ]’s distribution is analyzed by following stress and vowel. Stress favors retention of word-internal [ʔ] in Guaraní, phrase-initial [ʔ] in Spanish and epenthetic [ʔ] in Guaraní, while it disfavors use of [ʔ] in Spanish synalepha. The vowels [e] and [i] suppress word-internal and prothetic [ʔ] in Guaraní, and Spanish synalepha with [ʔ], whereas [o] and [u] suppress Spanish prothesis and epenthesis of [ʔ] for synalepha. The results suggest that, in this study of fluent bilinguals, [ʔ] in Spanish is the result of convergence rather than second language transfer.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.10wal 06 10.1075/ihll.28.10wal 263 292 30 Chapter 14 01 04 Chapter 10. The interaction of social factors in the acoustically gradient realization of intervocalic /d/ in Border Uruguayan Spanish Chapter 10. The interaction of social factors in the acoustically gradient realization of intervocalic /d/ in Border Uruguayan Spanish 1 A01 01 JB code 195416369 Mark Waltermire Waltermire, Mark Mark Waltermire New Mexico State University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/195416369 2 A01 01 JB code 272416370 Michael Gradoville Gradoville, Michael Michael Gradoville Arizona State University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/272416370 01 eng 30 00

Along the Uruguayan-Brazilian border, Spanish exhibits phonological influence from Portuguese, including the realization of intervocalic /d/ as a stop. Using conversational data from 40 bilinguals, we analyze tokens of intervocalic /d/ acoustically using a consonant-vowel intensity ratio according to multiple social factors and their interactions. The results suggest that, while interactions are present (with stops being favored by Portuguese-preferring professional females), the main effects of social factors predominate. Younger speakers are moving away from the use of stop-like productions and toward the pan-Hispanic norm of variation between approximants and deletion. Portuguese-preferring speakers make greater use of stop-like variants, as do females, which is explained by the linguistic behaviors of the four women who produced /d/ with the highest intensity ratios.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.11rog 06 10.1075/ihll.28.11rog 293 324 32 Chapter 15 01 04 Chapter 11. Exploring focus extension in Mapudungun and Chilean Spanish intonational plateaus Chapter 11. Exploring focus extension in Mapudungun and Chilean Spanish intonational plateaus 01 04 The case for pragmatic transfer through language contact The case for pragmatic transfer through language contact 1 A01 01 JB code 105416371 Brandon M.A. Rogers Rogers, Brandon M.A. Brandon M.A. Rogers Texas Tech University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/105416371 01 eng 30 00

Notions that Mapudungun, a polysynthetic agglutinating isolate spoken in modern-day Chile, has had any linguistic influence on Chilean Spanish outside of lexical loanwords have met stiff resistance (e.g., Alonso, 1953); however, recent studies (e.g., Sadowsky, 2013) suggest that Mapudungun’s influence on Chilean Spanish may be more profound than previously asserted. The current study examines a unique intonational “plateau” pattern documented in Rogers (2013). Similar patterns occur in Mapudungun and the data demonstrate that Mapudungun intonational plateaus and Chilean Spanish intonational plateaus behave very similarly at different prosodic, syntactic, and pragmatic levels. This study proposes that the plateau patterns in both languages are a mechanism of focus extension, and that Mapudungun introduced this unique pragmatic device into Chilean Spanish intonational phonology.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.p3 06 10.1075/ihll.28.p3 328 450 123 Section header 16 01 04 Part III. Spain Part III. Spain 01 eng 01 01 JB code ihll.28.12reg 06 10.1075/ihll.28.12reg 325 362 38 Chapter 17 01 04 Chapter 12. The Spanish sound system and intonation in contact with Galician Chapter 12. The Spanish sound system and intonation in contact with Galician 1 A01 01 JB code 870416372 Xosé Luís Regueira Regueira, Xosé Luís Xosé Luís Regueira Instituto da Lingua Galega – Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/870416372 2 A01 01 JB code 919416373 Elisa Fernández Rei Fernández Rei, Elisa Elisa Fernández Rei Instituto da Lingua Galega – Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/919416373 01 eng 30 00

This exploratory study presents an approach to the phonetic models of Galician Spanish (GS) by means of a small sample of six female speakers with different linguistic profiles. We analyze the production of stressed vowels, final unstressed vowels, and some intonation contours. Unlike earlier descriptions, we do not find direct transfer from Galician to the GS phonetic system. Our results show: (1) The disappearance of the Galician seven vowel system and some examples of hybridization in wh-question intonation, both of which could be seen as signs of change in GS; and (2) The reduction of the final vowels and direct transfer from Galician to GS in yes-no questions, both of which could suggest preservation of the covert prestige of Galician.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.13bar 06 10.1075/ihll.28.13bar 363 382 20 Chapter 18 01 04 Chapter 13. The unstressed vowel system of Asturian Spanish Chapter 13. The unstressed vowel system of Asturian Spanish 01 04 Language contact and phonetic contrast in word-final position Language contact and phonetic contrast in word-final position 1 A01 01 JB code 739416374 Sonia Barnes Barnes, Sonia Sonia Barnes Marquette University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/739416374 01 eng 30 00

Influenced by the minority language of the region, speakers of Asturian Spanish vary in their production of final back vowels in the masculine singular morpheme, with realizations that range from Spanish [-o] (e.g., perro) to Asturian [-u] (e.g., perru). In this study, I compare the acoustic properties of [o] and [u] in unstressed final and non-final position using the Pillai-Barlett Statistic in R. The results show that young speakers and women have significantly lower pillai scores word-finally, indicating a higher degree of merger between the two vowels in that position. I propose that these speakers are producing a “neutral” variant that allows them to minimize the social risk of using a stigmatized form, while being able to index regional identity.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.14dav 06 10.1075/ihll.28.14dav 383 420 38 Chapter 19 01 04 Chapter 14. Spanish phonology in contact with Catalan Chapter 14. Spanish phonology in contact with Catalan 01 04 On implementations of gradience and discreteness in the study of sociolinguistic variation of laterals On implementations of gradience and discreteness in the study of sociolinguistic variation of laterals 1 A01 01 JB code 347416375 Justin Davidson Davidson, Justin Justin Davidson University of California, Berkeley 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/347416375 01 eng 30 00

This study investigates sociophonetic variation in the production of the alveolar lateral /l/ in Catalan and Spanish, the velarization of which is considered the hallmark feature of Catalonian Spanish (Arnal, 2011; Casanovas Català, 1995; Hickey, 2012). Using an innovative combination of both gradient and categorical analyses to evaluate lateral production in Spanish and Catalan elicited from Catalan-Spanish bilinguals and Madrid monolinguals stratified by gender and exposure/usage of Catalan, we assess the degree to which lateral velarization pervades this contact setting. In so doing, we demonstrate that lateral velarization and the inventory of lateral categories in these languages are best approached using gradient and relative hierarchies of lateral darkness rather than discrete applications of intrinsically light [l] or dark [ɫ].

01 01 JB code ihll.28.15gab 06 10.1075/ihll.28.15gab 421 450 30 Chapter 20 01 04 Chapter 15. Portuguese remnants in the Spanish of Olivenza (Extremadura) Chapter 15. Portuguese remnants in the Spanish of Olivenza (Extremadura) 01 04 Exploring vowel raising, global speech rhythm, and intonation Exploring vowel raising, global speech rhythm, and intonation 1 A01 01 JB code 999416376 Christoph Gabriel Gabriel, Christoph Christoph Gabriel Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/999416376 2 A01 01 JB code 242416377 Jonas Grünke Grünke, Jonas Jonas Grünke Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/242416377 3 A01 01 JB code 314416378 Elena Kireva Kireva, Elena Elena Kireva University of Hamburg 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/314416378 01 eng 30 00

Olivenza Spanish (OS), spoken in the border zone between Extremadura and Alentejo, is characterized by salient phonological features that can plausibly be interpreted as long-term effects of Portuguese-Spanish bilingualism. We present the results of a formant analysis of unstressed /o/, which is raised to [u] in a quarter of OS cases, and discuss selected outcomes of recent (supra)segmental studies on the variety in question. It is argued that the respective findings speak in favor of interpreting OS as the result, first, of L1 transfer that occurred during the processes of L2 acquisition by the inhabitants of Olivenza after its incorporation into Spain in 1801, and second, of the local dialect’s subsequent convergence with the dominant variety, Castilian Spanish.

01 01 JB code ihll.28.ind 06 10.1075/ihll.28.ind 451 452 2 Miscellaneous 21 01 04 Index Index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/ihll.28 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20200806 C 2020 John Benjamins D 2020 John Benjamins 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027207142 WORLD 09 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 https://jbe-platform.com 29 https://jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027260956 21 01 00 Unqualified price 02 105.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 02 88.00 GBP GB 01 00 Unqualified price 02 158.00 USD