662017970
03
01
01
JB
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
JB code
IHLL 34 Eb
15
9789027259875
06
10.1075/ihll.34
13
2021009607
DG
002
02
01
IHLL
02
2213-3887
Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics
34
01
Syntactic Geolectal Variation
Traditional approaches, current challenges and new tools
01
ihll.34
01
https://benjamins.com
02
https://benjamins.com/catalog/ihll.34
1
B01
Alba Cerrudo
Cerrudo, Alba
Alba
Cerrudo
Ramar2
2
B01
Ángel J. Gallego
Gallego, Ángel J.
Ángel J.
Gallego
CLT - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
3
B01
Francesc Roca Urgell
Roca Urgell, Francesc
Francesc
Roca Urgell
LGD - Universitat de Girona
01
eng
391
vi
385
LAN009060
v.2006
CFK
2
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.ROM
Romance linguistics
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.SOCIO
Sociolinguistics and Dialectology
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.SYNTAX
Syntax
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.THEOR
Theoretical linguistics
06
01
This volume brings together studies that combine both traditional and contemporary tools in the study of syntactic geolectal variation, with a special focus on a subset of Iberian varieties. There is an increasing body of research on syntactic micro-variation, but the interaction between dialectology (which makes use of atlases, corpora, databases, questionnaires, interviews, etc.) and formal syntactic studies has traditionally been weak (or even nonexistent), which is precisely the gap the contributions in this book aim at filling in. From a broader perspective, this collection is meant as a contribution to the subfield of linguistic variation and to the more general field of Romance linguistics, with special interest in Spanish and in other Iberian languages. The volume is meant for both researchers and students interested in linguistic variation or dialectology and, specifically, in syntactic variation in Iberian languages.
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1
12
12
Chapter
1
01
Introduction
1
A01
Alba Cerrudo
Cerrudo, Alba
Alba
Cerrudo
CLT – Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
2
A01
Ángel J. Gallego
Gallego, Ángel J.
Ángel J.
Gallego
CLT – Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
3
A01
Francesc Roca Urgell
Roca Urgell, Francesc
Francesc
Roca Urgell
GLG/GALI – Universitat de Girona
10
01
JB code
ihll.34.p1
Section header
2
01
Section I. Dialectology
Atlas, databases, notebooks
10
01
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ihll.34.01gar
15
34
20
Chapter
3
01
Chapter 1. The syntactic tradition in the Spanish linguistic atlases
1
A01
Pilar García Mouton
García Mouton, Pilar
Pilar
García Mouton
ILLA-CSIC
20
Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica
20
Spanish linguistic atlases
20
syntactic tradition
20
Tomás Navarro Tomás
01
This chapter studies the methodology of traditional Spanish linguistic atlases to obtain syntactic data. After setting the background, from the notes of Tomás Navarro Tomás in his questionnaires, the way of asking syntax in the <i>Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica</i> is reconstructed. To what extent the subsequent atlases followed that method is also traced and we can see how the recent ones, besides assuming this tradition, choose to complement it with more spontaneous syntactic materials.
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01
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ihll.34.02mas
35
76
42
Chapter
4
01
Chapter 2. Using linguistic atlases to explore syntactic issues
The case of auxiliary selection in Catalan
1
A01
Mar Massanell i Messalles
Massanell i Messalles, Mar
Mar
Massanell i Messalles
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
auxiliary selection
20
Catalan
20
linguistic atlases
20
syntactic variation
01
Traditional linguistic atlases are not designed to collect data about syntactic variation. Nonetheless, it is possible to obtain from them information about particular syntactic issues, as I exemplify with the <i>Atles Lingüístic del Domini Català</i>. This atlas offers evidence of the survival of the perfect auxiliary <i>ésser</i> ‘to be’ in some current Catalan varieties in the face of general replacement by <i>haver</i> ‘to have’. These examples are discussed in the context of the changes that Catalan has undergone since the Middle Ages. We see that the residual presence of <i>ésser</i> varies from region to region and reflects different processes. However, in order to be precise it will be necessary to undertake a further data collection specifically focused on auxiliary selection.
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108
32
Chapter
5
01
Chapter 3. The negative expressions in three dialectal repertoires
The notebooks by A. M. Alcover, the <i>ALPI</i> and the <i>ALDC</i>
1
A01
Maria Pilar Perea
Perea, Maria Pilar
Maria Pilar
Perea
Universitat de Barcelona
20
dialectal cartography
20
dialectology
20
linguistic atlases
20
negative expressions
01
The main aim of this chapter is to describe, analyse and map the negative expressions recorded in three dialectal materials related to the Catalan language developed during three different periods of the twentieth century: the field notebooks by Antoni M. Alcover (completed between 1900 and 1922), the <i>Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica</i>, by Tomás Navarro Tomás (conducted between 1934 and 1935, and resumed later on in 1947 and 1952), and the <i>Atles Lingüístic del Domini Català</i>, by Joan Veny and Lídia Pons (surveys carried out between 1964 and 1975).
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146
38
Chapter
6
01
Chapter 4. A microsyntactic study of Pyrenean negative emphatic polarity particles with the help of data from linguistic atlases
1
A01
Ares Llop Naya
Naya, Ares Llop
Ares Llop
Naya
Cardiff University
20
emphatic negation
20
minimizers
20
Pyrenean Occitano-Romance dialects
20
syntactic variation
01
In this chapter we show the interest of the data gathered in linguistic atlases and traditional dialectology materials in the context of the significant development of formal studies in dialect syntax. We present a case study based on almost unexplored dialects in the Central Pyrenean region with the purpose of showing how dialectal data can contribute to an in-depth knowledge of the grammar of natural languages. We present an already-tested roadmap to develop a micro-syntactic investigation that aims at providing a fine-grained description of synchronic variation in the use of negative minimizers and, at the same time, seeks to determine the formal features of such items, as well as the consequences of different feature specification for the negative concord.
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Section header
7
01
Section II. Current perspectives on variation
Four case studies
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149
174
26
Chapter
8
01
Chapter 5. Syntactic features and dialect areas in European Spanish
1
A01
Bruno Camus Bergareche
Camus Bergareche, Bruno
Bruno
Camus Bergareche
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
2
A01
Edita Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez, Edita
Edita
Gutiérrez
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
20
dialect boundaries
20
dialectology
20
linguistic atlases
20
Spanish dialects
20
syntactic features
01
Traditional Dialectology has focused on phonetic, morphological and lexical variation and has paid less attention to syntactic variation. Consequently, dialectal boundaries are usually drawn employing mainly phonetic, morphological or lexical traits. In the case of Spanish this bias can easily be confirmed by the main contents of the regional linguistic atlases of Spain. The present chapter is aimed to be a complete review of the syntactic information present in these atlases. We will evaluate its actual usefulness as to the purpose of defining dialect areas inside European Spanish. Finally, after examining the main syntactic features subject to variation in Peninsular Spanish, we will also make a tentative proposal of dialect areas based on syntactic differences.
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202
28
Chapter
9
01
Chapter 6. Feature analysis of neuter gender in Spanish and Asturian languages
1
A01
Irene Gil
Gil, Irene
Irene
Gil
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha/Centro de Estudios de la RAE
2
A01
Edita Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez, Edita
Edita
Gutiérrez
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
20
demonstratives
20
gender
20
mass neuter agreement
20
neuter pronouns
20
syntactic atlases
01
It is traditionally considered that there are three values for pronominal gender (masculine, feminine, neuter). In this chapter, we explore the idea that there are no neuter pronouns in Spanish, as neuter doesn’t show agreement effects. Then we focus on mass neuter agreement, a phenomenon that takes place in an area of Central and Northern Peninsular Spanish. After studying the kind of syntactic information that can be obtained from syntactic atlases, we present an overview of the phenomenon from a purely descriptive point of view. We finally focus on demonstratives and we claim that the Asturian demonstrative <i>esto</i> with a mass noun antecedent is a determiner that takes an uncountable null noun as its complement, whose features are contextually recovered.
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224
22
Chapter
10
01
Chapter 7. Parameters of clitic combination
A case study in Eastern Iberian
1
A01
M. Pilar Colomina
Colomina, M. Pilar
M. Pilar
Colomina
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
accusative clitic
20
Aragonese
20
Catalan
20
clitic clusters
20
dative clitic
20
Spanish
01
This chapter presents the restrictions and alterations that object clitics show when they are combined (forming a ‘clitic cluster’) in different varieties of Spanish, Catalan and Aragonese. As it is well-known, the combination of a third person accusative clitic and a third person dative clitic is rejected [in these varieties]. The relevant point that I will explore is that there is, in fact, variation in the way that languages avoid these ungrammatical sequences. To show this, I consulted different databases that describe this combination (grammars, atlases and corpora). Furthermore, I offer a proposal that accounts for these restrictions, building on the conclusions presented in Colomina (2020).
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262
38
Chapter
11
01
Chapter 8. Gerund structures in Ecuadorian Spanish
1
A01
Montserrat Batllori
Batllori, Montserrat
Montserrat
Batllori
Universitat de Girona
2
A01
M. Lluïsa Hernanz
Hernanz, M. Lluïsa
M. Lluïsa
Hernanz
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
3
A01
Carlos Rubio-Alcalá
Rubio-Alcalá, Carlos
Carlos
Rubio-Alcalá
Escola Oficial d'Idiomes de Barcelona
20
Andean Spanish gerunds
20
linguistic change
20
synchronic and diachronic variation
20
syntax
01
In this chapter we study non-prototypical values of gerunds in Ecuadorian and Andean Spanish. Apart from the standard aspectual simultaneity reading, gerunds in Andean Spanish encode an anteriority reading that has been associated to contact with Quechua. The chapter focuses on this value and claims that there are two patterns of gerund verbal complexes that exhibit it: an embedding and a periphrastic one. We provide a syntactic analysis to account for both and we draw the connection between Ecuadorian gerunds and converbs in Quechua. Finally, we offer relevant diachronic evidence that the aspectual values of Andean gerunds are also attested in the history of Spanish, which supports our explanation in terms of contact-induced linguistic change.
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Chapter
12
01
Chapter 9. On the role of prosody in <i>wh</i>-in-situ
Cross-linguistic comparison and experimental evidence from Basque
1
A01
Maia Duguine
Duguine, Maia
Maia
Duguine
CNRS-IKER
2
A01
Aritz Irurtzun
Irurtzun, Aritz
Aritz
Irurtzun
CNRS-IKER
20
Basque
20
prosody
20
variation
20
wh-in-situ
20
wh-movement
01
A growing number of works propose a direct role of PF in the generation of <i>wh</i>-in-situ. Relying mainly on data from Basque, we critically evaluate two such proposals (Richards, 2010; Mathieu, 2016) and argue that they face a range of empirical and conceptual shortcomings. We contrast these with the more “syntactocentric” proposal of Cheng & Rooryck (2000) for French, based on an intonational Q-morpheme that surfaces as a final rise in polar and <i>wh</i>-in-situ questions. We report the outcome of a production experiment providing evidence that the final rises of polar and <i>wh</i>-in-situ questions in Navarro-Labourdin Basque do not differ substantially, thus suggesting that Cheng & Rooryck’s (2000) proposal may be extended to this variety cohabiting with French.
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13
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Section III. New tools to approach syntactic variation
10
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ihll.34.10cer
297
318
22
Chapter
14
01
Chapter 10. <i>ASinEs</i>
An interactive atlas for the study of syntactic variation of Spanish
1
A01
Alba Cerrudo
Cerrudo, Alba
Alba
Cerrudo
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
2
A01
Anna Pineda
Pineda, Anna
Anna
Pineda
Universitat Pompeu Fabra
20
atlas
20
geolects
20
Spanish
20
syntax
20
variation
01
In this chapter we present the <i>ASinEs</i> project (<i>Atlas Sintáctico del Español, <uri>http://www.asines.org</uri> </i>), an unprecedented tool for the study of dialectal variation in the syntax of Spanish. After an introductory presentation (Section 1), we set the <i>ASinEs</i> in the context of the study of dialectal syntax and outline the reasons for its creation (Section 2). Next, we explain the goals the atlas is intended to achieve and how it is structured (Section 3). We go on to show how information is entered in the atlas (from both manager and user perspectives) (Section 4), and finally explain how to use the search engine and other resources available on the website (Section 5).
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346
28
Chapter
15
01
Chapter 11. The <i>Corpus del español del siglo XXI</i> (<i>CORPES XXI</i>)
A tool for the study of syntactic variation in Spanish
1
A01
Cristina Buenafuentes de la Mata
Buenafuentes de la Mata, Cristina
Cristina
Buenafuentes de la Mata
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
2
A01
Carlos Sanchez Lancis
Sanchez Lancis, Carlos
Carlos
Sanchez Lancis
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
American Spanish
20
corpus linguistics
20
diatopic variation
20
syntactic variation
01
In this work we review the multiple uses of the <i>Corpus del español del siglo XXI</i> (<i>CORPES XXI</i>) to facilitate the study of syntactic variation in Spanish. We present different kinds of searches and data sorting available from the corpus and we provide some examples of syntactic phenomena, most of them characteristic of American Spanish areas. In sum, we show that <i>CORPES XXI</i> can become an extremely useful tool to describe the syntactic variation of Spanish.
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380
34
Chapter
16
01
Chapter 12. Using <i>Twitter</i> to build a corpus for linguistic variation
Collecting tweets and mapping them out
1
A01
Antonio Ruiz Tinoco
Tinoco, Antonio Ruiz
Antonio Ruiz
Tinoco
Sophia University
20
data mining
20
geocorpus
20
linguistic variation
20
social media
20
Twitter
20
visualization
01
Data for linguistic analysis from social media are being used for a variety of reasons. One of the most attractive reasons is the possibility of gathering very large quantities of data in the digital form. However, collecting data from these sources is not always a simple task. In this chapter, a few methods to harvest data from <i>Twitter</i> will be introduced like <i>FireAnt, 140dev Streaming API Framework</i>, and <i>Elastic Stack</i>, as well as visualization tools like <i>QGIS</i> to map geotagged tweets. Finally, some examples of tweet analyses are discussed.
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382
2
Miscellaneous
17
01
Language index
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383
385
3
Miscellaneous
18
01
Subject index
02
JBENJAMINS
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
John Benjamins Publishing Company
Amsterdam/Philadelphia
NL
04
20211126
2021
John Benjamins B.V.
02
WORLD
13
15
9789027210517
01
JB
3
John Benjamins e-Platform
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WORLD
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EUR
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00
88.00
GBP
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gen
00
158.00
USD
S
810027676
03
01
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JB
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
JB code
ACiL 12 Pb
15
9789027208712
13
78385208
BC
01
ACiL
02
0304-0712
Amsterdam Classics in Linguistics, 1800–1925
12
01
'Über den Umlaut: Zwei Abhandlungen' (Carlsruhe, 1843) and 'Über den Ablaut' (Carlsruhe, 1844)
01
acil.12
01
https://benjamins.com
02
https://benjamins.com/catalog/acil.12
1
A01
Adolf Holtzmann
Holtzmann, Adolf
Adolf
Holtzmann
(1810–1870)
2
A23
E.F.K. Koerner
Koerner, E.F.K.
E.F.K.
Koerner
†
3
A24
Wilbur A. Benware
Benware, Wilbur A.
Wilbur A.
Benware
University of California – Davis
01
eng
162
xxix
48, and 81 pp.
LAN009000
v.2006
CF
2
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.HL
Historical linguistics
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.PHON
Phonology
06
01
<i>Über den Umlaut</i> (1843) and <i>Über den Ablaut</i> (1844) grew out of a review of Grimm’s <i>Deutsche Grammatik</i> by Holtzmann, in which he also made an excursus into Bopp’s theory of vowel gradation in Sanskrit. Holtzmann was the first to observe the correlation of <i>guṇa</i> and accent. At the same time he noted that loss (or absence) of the accent could mean loss or shortening of a vowel. Observations which, be it in a different form, eventually found their way into a unified theory of Indo-European vowel gradation.<br />The two German texts are presented here in fac simile format, together with an introductory article.
46
01
47
Open access -- this title is available under a license. For full details, see:
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1
Miscellaneous
1
01
Portrait of Adolf Holtzmann (1810-1870)
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vii
1
Miscellaneous
2
01
Foreword
10
01
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ix
1
Miscellaneous
3
01
Introduction
10
01
JB code
acil.12.04ern
xxi
1
Miscellaneous
4
01
Ernst Martin: Adolf Holtzmann
10
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acil.12.05kar
xxviii
1
Miscellaneous
5
01
Karl Bartsch: Recensionen
10
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acil.12.06pos
xxix
1
Miscellaneous
6
01
Posthumously published works
10
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acil.12.07ube
Article
7
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Über den Umlaut
Zwei Abhandlungen (1843), 48 pp.
10
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Article
8
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Über den Ablaut (1844), 77 pp.
10
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Miscellaneous
9
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Bibliography of Works mentioned in <i>Über den Umlaut</i> and <i>Über den Ablaut</i>
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Miscellaneous
10
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Index of Authors
02
JBENJAMINS
John Benjamins Publishing Company
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John Benjamins Publishing Company
Amsterdam/Philadelphia
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19770101
1977
John Benjamins
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1
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+31 20 6304747
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03
01
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JB
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
JB code
IHLL 34 Hb
15
9789027210517
13
2021009606
BB
01
IHLL
02
2213-3887
Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics
34
01
Syntactic Geolectal Variation
Traditional approaches, current challenges and new tools
01
ihll.34
01
https://benjamins.com
02
https://benjamins.com/catalog/ihll.34
1
B01
Alba Cerrudo
Cerrudo, Alba
Alba
Cerrudo
Ramar2
2
B01
Ángel J. Gallego
Gallego, Ángel J.
Ángel J.
Gallego
CLT - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
3
B01
Francesc Roca Urgell
Roca Urgell, Francesc
Francesc
Roca Urgell
LGD - Universitat de Girona
01
eng
391
vi
385
LAN009060
v.2006
CFK
2
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.ROM
Romance linguistics
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.SOCIO
Sociolinguistics and Dialectology
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.SYNTAX
Syntax
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.THEOR
Theoretical linguistics
06
01
This volume brings together studies that combine both traditional and contemporary tools in the study of syntactic geolectal variation, with a special focus on a subset of Iberian varieties. There is an increasing body of research on syntactic micro-variation, but the interaction between dialectology (which makes use of atlases, corpora, databases, questionnaires, interviews, etc.) and formal syntactic studies has traditionally been weak (or even nonexistent), which is precisely the gap the contributions in this book aim at filling in. From a broader perspective, this collection is meant as a contribution to the subfield of linguistic variation and to the more general field of Romance linguistics, with special interest in Spanish and in other Iberian languages. The volume is meant for both researchers and students interested in linguistic variation or dialectology and, specifically, in syntactic variation in Iberian languages.
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12
12
Chapter
1
01
Introduction
1
A01
Alba Cerrudo
Cerrudo, Alba
Alba
Cerrudo
CLT – Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
2
A01
Ángel J. Gallego
Gallego, Ángel J.
Ángel J.
Gallego
CLT – Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
3
A01
Francesc Roca Urgell
Roca Urgell, Francesc
Francesc
Roca Urgell
GLG/GALI – Universitat de Girona
10
01
JB code
ihll.34.p1
Section header
2
01
Section I. Dialectology
Atlas, databases, notebooks
10
01
JB code
ihll.34.01gar
15
34
20
Chapter
3
01
Chapter 1. The syntactic tradition in the Spanish linguistic atlases
1
A01
Pilar García Mouton
García Mouton, Pilar
Pilar
García Mouton
ILLA-CSIC
20
Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica
20
Spanish linguistic atlases
20
syntactic tradition
20
Tomás Navarro Tomás
01
This chapter studies the methodology of traditional Spanish linguistic atlases to obtain syntactic data. After setting the background, from the notes of Tomás Navarro Tomás in his questionnaires, the way of asking syntax in the <i>Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica</i> is reconstructed. To what extent the subsequent atlases followed that method is also traced and we can see how the recent ones, besides assuming this tradition, choose to complement it with more spontaneous syntactic materials.
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Chapter
4
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Chapter 2. Using linguistic atlases to explore syntactic issues
The case of auxiliary selection in Catalan
1
A01
Mar Massanell i Messalles
Massanell i Messalles, Mar
Mar
Massanell i Messalles
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
auxiliary selection
20
Catalan
20
linguistic atlases
20
syntactic variation
01
Traditional linguistic atlases are not designed to collect data about syntactic variation. Nonetheless, it is possible to obtain from them information about particular syntactic issues, as I exemplify with the <i>Atles Lingüístic del Domini Català</i>. This atlas offers evidence of the survival of the perfect auxiliary <i>ésser</i> ‘to be’ in some current Catalan varieties in the face of general replacement by <i>haver</i> ‘to have’. These examples are discussed in the context of the changes that Catalan has undergone since the Middle Ages. We see that the residual presence of <i>ésser</i> varies from region to region and reflects different processes. However, in order to be precise it will be necessary to undertake a further data collection specifically focused on auxiliary selection.
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Chapter
5
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Chapter 3. The negative expressions in three dialectal repertoires
The notebooks by A. M. Alcover, the <i>ALPI</i> and the <i>ALDC</i>
1
A01
Maria Pilar Perea
Perea, Maria Pilar
Maria Pilar
Perea
Universitat de Barcelona
20
dialectal cartography
20
dialectology
20
linguistic atlases
20
negative expressions
01
The main aim of this chapter is to describe, analyse and map the negative expressions recorded in three dialectal materials related to the Catalan language developed during three different periods of the twentieth century: the field notebooks by Antoni M. Alcover (completed between 1900 and 1922), the <i>Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica</i>, by Tomás Navarro Tomás (conducted between 1934 and 1935, and resumed later on in 1947 and 1952), and the <i>Atles Lingüístic del Domini Català</i>, by Joan Veny and Lídia Pons (surveys carried out between 1964 and 1975).
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Chapter
6
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Chapter 4. A microsyntactic study of Pyrenean negative emphatic polarity particles with the help of data from linguistic atlases
1
A01
Ares Llop Naya
Naya, Ares Llop
Ares Llop
Naya
Cardiff University
20
emphatic negation
20
minimizers
20
Pyrenean Occitano-Romance dialects
20
syntactic variation
01
In this chapter we show the interest of the data gathered in linguistic atlases and traditional dialectology materials in the context of the significant development of formal studies in dialect syntax. We present a case study based on almost unexplored dialects in the Central Pyrenean region with the purpose of showing how dialectal data can contribute to an in-depth knowledge of the grammar of natural languages. We present an already-tested roadmap to develop a micro-syntactic investigation that aims at providing a fine-grained description of synchronic variation in the use of negative minimizers and, at the same time, seeks to determine the formal features of such items, as well as the consequences of different feature specification for the negative concord.
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Section header
7
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Section II. Current perspectives on variation
Four case studies
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Chapter
8
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Chapter 5. Syntactic features and dialect areas in European Spanish
1
A01
Bruno Camus Bergareche
Camus Bergareche, Bruno
Bruno
Camus Bergareche
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
2
A01
Edita Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez, Edita
Edita
Gutiérrez
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
20
dialect boundaries
20
dialectology
20
linguistic atlases
20
Spanish dialects
20
syntactic features
01
Traditional Dialectology has focused on phonetic, morphological and lexical variation and has paid less attention to syntactic variation. Consequently, dialectal boundaries are usually drawn employing mainly phonetic, morphological or lexical traits. In the case of Spanish this bias can easily be confirmed by the main contents of the regional linguistic atlases of Spain. The present chapter is aimed to be a complete review of the syntactic information present in these atlases. We will evaluate its actual usefulness as to the purpose of defining dialect areas inside European Spanish. Finally, after examining the main syntactic features subject to variation in Peninsular Spanish, we will also make a tentative proposal of dialect areas based on syntactic differences.
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Chapter
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Chapter 6. Feature analysis of neuter gender in Spanish and Asturian languages
1
A01
Irene Gil
Gil, Irene
Irene
Gil
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha/Centro de Estudios de la RAE
2
A01
Edita Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez, Edita
Edita
Gutiérrez
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
20
demonstratives
20
gender
20
mass neuter agreement
20
neuter pronouns
20
syntactic atlases
01
It is traditionally considered that there are three values for pronominal gender (masculine, feminine, neuter). In this chapter, we explore the idea that there are no neuter pronouns in Spanish, as neuter doesn’t show agreement effects. Then we focus on mass neuter agreement, a phenomenon that takes place in an area of Central and Northern Peninsular Spanish. After studying the kind of syntactic information that can be obtained from syntactic atlases, we present an overview of the phenomenon from a purely descriptive point of view. We finally focus on demonstratives and we claim that the Asturian demonstrative <i>esto</i> with a mass noun antecedent is a determiner that takes an uncountable null noun as its complement, whose features are contextually recovered.
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Chapter
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Chapter 7. Parameters of clitic combination
A case study in Eastern Iberian
1
A01
M. Pilar Colomina
Colomina, M. Pilar
M. Pilar
Colomina
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
accusative clitic
20
Aragonese
20
Catalan
20
clitic clusters
20
dative clitic
20
Spanish
01
This chapter presents the restrictions and alterations that object clitics show when they are combined (forming a ‘clitic cluster’) in different varieties of Spanish, Catalan and Aragonese. As it is well-known, the combination of a third person accusative clitic and a third person dative clitic is rejected [in these varieties]. The relevant point that I will explore is that there is, in fact, variation in the way that languages avoid these ungrammatical sequences. To show this, I consulted different databases that describe this combination (grammars, atlases and corpora). Furthermore, I offer a proposal that accounts for these restrictions, building on the conclusions presented in Colomina (2020).
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Chapter
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Chapter 8. Gerund structures in Ecuadorian Spanish
1
A01
Montserrat Batllori
Batllori, Montserrat
Montserrat
Batllori
Universitat de Girona
2
A01
M. Lluïsa Hernanz
Hernanz, M. Lluïsa
M. Lluïsa
Hernanz
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
3
A01
Carlos Rubio-Alcalá
Rubio-Alcalá, Carlos
Carlos
Rubio-Alcalá
Escola Oficial d'Idiomes de Barcelona
20
Andean Spanish gerunds
20
linguistic change
20
synchronic and diachronic variation
20
syntax
01
In this chapter we study non-prototypical values of gerunds in Ecuadorian and Andean Spanish. Apart from the standard aspectual simultaneity reading, gerunds in Andean Spanish encode an anteriority reading that has been associated to contact with Quechua. The chapter focuses on this value and claims that there are two patterns of gerund verbal complexes that exhibit it: an embedding and a periphrastic one. We provide a syntactic analysis to account for both and we draw the connection between Ecuadorian gerunds and converbs in Quechua. Finally, we offer relevant diachronic evidence that the aspectual values of Andean gerunds are also attested in the history of Spanish, which supports our explanation in terms of contact-induced linguistic change.
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Chapter
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Chapter 9. On the role of prosody in <i>wh</i>-in-situ
Cross-linguistic comparison and experimental evidence from Basque
1
A01
Maia Duguine
Duguine, Maia
Maia
Duguine
CNRS-IKER
2
A01
Aritz Irurtzun
Irurtzun, Aritz
Aritz
Irurtzun
CNRS-IKER
20
Basque
20
prosody
20
variation
20
wh-in-situ
20
wh-movement
01
A growing number of works propose a direct role of PF in the generation of <i>wh</i>-in-situ. Relying mainly on data from Basque, we critically evaluate two such proposals (Richards, 2010; Mathieu, 2016) and argue that they face a range of empirical and conceptual shortcomings. We contrast these with the more “syntactocentric” proposal of Cheng & Rooryck (2000) for French, based on an intonational Q-morpheme that surfaces as a final rise in polar and <i>wh</i>-in-situ questions. We report the outcome of a production experiment providing evidence that the final rises of polar and <i>wh</i>-in-situ questions in Navarro-Labourdin Basque do not differ substantially, thus suggesting that Cheng & Rooryck’s (2000) proposal may be extended to this variety cohabiting with French.
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Section header
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Section III. New tools to approach syntactic variation
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Chapter
14
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Chapter 10. <i>ASinEs</i>
An interactive atlas for the study of syntactic variation of Spanish
1
A01
Alba Cerrudo
Cerrudo, Alba
Alba
Cerrudo
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
2
A01
Anna Pineda
Pineda, Anna
Anna
Pineda
Universitat Pompeu Fabra
20
atlas
20
geolects
20
Spanish
20
syntax
20
variation
01
In this chapter we present the <i>ASinEs</i> project (<i>Atlas Sintáctico del Español, <uri>http://www.asines.org</uri> </i>), an unprecedented tool for the study of dialectal variation in the syntax of Spanish. After an introductory presentation (Section 1), we set the <i>ASinEs</i> in the context of the study of dialectal syntax and outline the reasons for its creation (Section 2). Next, we explain the goals the atlas is intended to achieve and how it is structured (Section 3). We go on to show how information is entered in the atlas (from both manager and user perspectives) (Section 4), and finally explain how to use the search engine and other resources available on the website (Section 5).
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Chapter
15
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Chapter 11. The <i>Corpus del español del siglo XXI</i> (<i>CORPES XXI</i>)
A tool for the study of syntactic variation in Spanish
1
A01
Cristina Buenafuentes de la Mata
Buenafuentes de la Mata, Cristina
Cristina
Buenafuentes de la Mata
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
2
A01
Carlos Sanchez Lancis
Sanchez Lancis, Carlos
Carlos
Sanchez Lancis
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
American Spanish
20
corpus linguistics
20
diatopic variation
20
syntactic variation
01
In this work we review the multiple uses of the <i>Corpus del español del siglo XXI</i> (<i>CORPES XXI</i>) to facilitate the study of syntactic variation in Spanish. We present different kinds of searches and data sorting available from the corpus and we provide some examples of syntactic phenomena, most of them characteristic of American Spanish areas. In sum, we show that <i>CORPES XXI</i> can become an extremely useful tool to describe the syntactic variation of Spanish.
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Chapter
16
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Chapter 12. Using <i>Twitter</i> to build a corpus for linguistic variation
Collecting tweets and mapping them out
1
A01
Antonio Ruiz Tinoco
Tinoco, Antonio Ruiz
Antonio Ruiz
Tinoco
Sophia University
20
data mining
20
geocorpus
20
linguistic variation
20
social media
20
Twitter
20
visualization
01
Data for linguistic analysis from social media are being used for a variety of reasons. One of the most attractive reasons is the possibility of gathering very large quantities of data in the digital form. However, collecting data from these sources is not always a simple task. In this chapter, a few methods to harvest data from <i>Twitter</i> will be introduced like <i>FireAnt, 140dev Streaming API Framework</i>, and <i>Elastic Stack</i>, as well as visualization tools like <i>QGIS</i> to map geotagged tweets. Finally, some examples of tweet analyses are discussed.
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Miscellaneous
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Language index
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385
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Miscellaneous
18
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Subject index
02
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