Focus and prosody in Spanish and Quechua
Insights from an interactive task
This paper reports the results of a study on the prosodic marking of broad and contrastive focus in three language varieties of which two are in contact: bilingual Peruvian Spanish, Quechua and Peninsular Spanish. An interactive communicative task revealed that the prosodic marking of contrastive focus was limited in all three language varieties. No systematic correspondence was observed between specific contour/accent types and focus, and the phonetic marking of contrastive focus was weak and restricted to phrase-final position. Interestingly, we identified two contours for bilingual Peruvian Spanish that were present in Quechua, but not in Peninsular Spanish, providing evidence for a prosodic transfer from Quechua to Spanish in Quechua-Spanish bilinguals.
References
Baayen, R
(
2011)
LanguageR: Data sets and functions with ‘Analyzing linguistic data: A practical introduction to statistics.’ R package version 1.4. Retrieved from
[URL]
Baayen, R., Davidson, D., & Bates, D
(
2008)
Mixed-effects modeling with crossed random effects for subjects and items.
Journal of Memory and Language, 59, 390–412.


Bates, D., Maechler, M., & Bolker, B
(
2011)
Lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4 classes. R package version 0.999375-42. Retrieved from
[URL]
Boersma, P., & Weenink, D
(
2014)
Praat: Doing phonetics by computer. Version 5.3.79. Retrieved from
[URL]
Bullock, B
(
2009)
Prosody in contact in French: A case study from a heritage variety in the USA.
International Journal of Bilingualism, 13, 165-194.


Chafe, W
(
1976)
Givenness, contrastiveness, definiteness, subjects, topics and point of view. In
C. Li (Ed.),
Subject and topic (pp. 27-55.) New York, NY: Academic Press.

Colantoni, L., & Gurlekian, J
(
2004)
Convergence and intonation: Historical evidence from Buenos Aires Spanish.
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 7, 107-119.


Cusihuamán, A
(
2001)
Gramática quechua Cuzco-Collao. Cuzco, Peru: Centro de estudios regionales andinos Bartolomé de las Casas.

De la Mota, C
(
1997)
Prosody of sentences with contrastive new information in Spanish. In
A. Botinis,
G. Kouroupetroglou, &
G. Carayiannis (Eds.),
Intonation: Theory, models and applications. Proceedings
of an ESCA workshop
(pp. 75–78). ESCA.
Elordieta, G
(
2003)
The Spanish intonation of speakers of a Basque pitch-accent dialect.
Catalan Journal of Linguistics, 2, 67-95.

Elordieta, G., & Calleja, N
(
2005)
Microvariation in accentual tonal alignment in Basque Spanish.
Language and Speech, 48, 397-439.


Estebas-Vilaplana, E., & Prieto, P
(
2010)
Castilian Spanish intonation. In
P. Prieto &
P. Roseano (Eds.),
Transcription of intonation of the Spanish language (pp. 17-46). Munich: Lincom.

Face, T
(
2001)
Focus and early peak alignment in Spanish intonation.
Probus, 13, 223-246.


Face, T
(
2002)
Local intonational marking of Spanish contrastive focus.
Probus, 14, 71-92.


Hualde, J
(
2005)
The sounds of Spanish. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kim, S., & Avelino, H
(
2003)
An intonational study of focus and word order variation in Mexican Spanish. In
E. Herrera &
P. Martín Butragueño (Eds.),
La tonía: Dimensiones fonéticas y fonológicas (pp. 357-374). Mexico City DF: El colegio de México.

Krifka, M
(
2007)
Basic notions of information structure. In
C. Féry &
M. Krifka (Eds.),
Interdisciplinary studies on information structure 6 (pp. 13-56). Potsdam: Universitätsverlag.

Ladd, R
(
1996)
Intonational phonology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Lambrecht, K
(
1994)
Information structure and sentence form: Topic, focus, and the mental representation of discourse referents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.


Mennen, I
(
2004)
Bi-directional interference in the intonation of Dutch speakers of Greek.
Journal of Phonetics, 32, 543-563.


Muysken, P
(
1995)
Focus in Quechua. In
K. Kiss (Ed.),
Discourse configurational languages (pp. 375–393). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

O’Rourke, E
(
2005)
Intonation and language contact: A case study of two varieties of Peruvian Spanish. Unpublished PhD dissertation. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

O’Rourke, E
(
2009)
Phonetics and phonology of Cuzco Quechua declarative intonation: An instrumental analysis.
Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 39, 291-312.


O’Rourke, E
(
2012)
The realization of contrastive focus in Peruvian Spanish intonation.
Lingua, 122, 494-510.


Prieto, P., & Torreira, F
(
2007)
The segmental anchoring hypothesis revisited. Syllable structure and speech rate effects on peak timing in Spanish.
Journal of Phonetics, 35(4), 473-500.


R Development Core Team
(
2011)
R: A language and environment for statistical computing [Computer program].
R foundation for statistical computing. Retrieved from
[URL]
Romera, M., & Elordieta, G
(
2013)
Prosodic accommodation in language contact: Spanish intonation in Majorca.
International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 221, 127-151.

Simonet, M
(
2011)
Intonational convergence in language contact: Utterance-final F0 contours in Catalan-Spanish bilinguals.
Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 41, 157-184.


Swerts, M., Krahmer, E., & Avesani, C
(
2002)
Prosodic marking of information status in Dutch and Italian: A comparative analysis.
Journal of Phonetics, 30, 629-654.


Turco, G., Dimroth, C., & Braun, B
(
2013)
Intonational means to mark Verum focus in German and French.
Language and Speech, 56, 460-490.


Vallduví, E
(
1992)
The informational component. New York, NY: Garland.

van Maastricht, L., Krahmer, E., & Swerts, M
(
2015)
Prominence patterns in a second language: Intonational transfer from Dutch to Spanish and vice versa.
Language learning.


Vanrell, M.M., Stella, A., Gili-Fivela, B., & Prieto, P
(
2013)
Prosodic manifestations of the Effort Code in Catalan, Italian and Spanish contrastive focus.
Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43(2), 195-220.


van Rijswijk, R., & Muntendam, A
(
2014)
The prosody of focus in the Spanish of Quechua-Spanish bilinguals: A case study on noun phrases.
International Journal of Bilingualism, 18(6), 614-632.


Cited by
Cited by 5 other publications
Cruschina, Silvio
Elordieta, Gorka & Magdalena Romera
2021.
The influence of social factors on the prosody of Spanish in contact with Basque.
International Journal of Bilingualism 25:1
► pp. 286 ff.

Fenton, Elyssa, Amy Bustin & Antje Muntendam
2020.
The intonation of broad focus declaratives in Afro-Peruvian Spanish: Findings from two elicitation tasks.
Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 13:1
► pp. 1 ff.

Troncoso-Ruiz, Aurora & Gorka Elordieta
2018.
Prosodic accommodation and salience: The nuclear contours of Andalusian Spanish speakers in Asturias.
Loquens 4:2
► pp. 043 ff.

Velásquez Upegui, Eva Patricia
2020.
Entonación del español en contacto con el otomí de San Ildefonso Tultepec: enunciados declarativos e interrogativos absolutos.
Anuario de Letras Lingüística y Filología 8:2
► pp. 143 ff.

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 march 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.