This article studies the use of nominal terms and pronouns as a means to refer to a third party, as well as to the writer him/herself and the addressee in written interaction. The purpose is to discuss the concepts of person reference and social deixis by looking at how the interactants’ social identities and interpersonal relationships are encoded in the use of referential terms in Late Modern English letters and journals. The results show that the term friend may be used when the writer has something to gain from it: an actual favour, a reciprocal act of solidarity, or an access to the addressee’s/referent’s in-group. In general, shifting between in-group/out-group membership appears to be a common function for the use of friend. The use of addressee- and self-oriented reference is in turn determined by the social and contextual aspects of appearance, attitude, and authority.
2018. On the trail of grammaticalization in progress: hasel quebecome a compound relative pronoun in the history of Spanish prepositional relative clauses?. Probus 30:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Blas Arroyo, José Luis & Javier Vellón Lahoz
2017. En los albores de un cambio lingüístico: factores condicionantes y fases en la inserción del artículo en relativas oblicuas del siglo XVIII. Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 133:2 ► pp. 492 ff.
Blas Arroyo, José Luis & Mónica Velando Casanova
2019. Auge y caída de una forma obsolescente: la evolución del relativo quien con antecedente plural en la historia del español. Studia Neophilologica 91:3 ► pp. 355 ff.
2012. Class, Age, and Gender‐Based Patterns. In The Handbook of Historical Sociolinguistics, ► pp. 307 ff.
NEVALA, MINNA
2012. A bit of this and a bit of that: on social identification in Early and Late Modern English letters. English Language and Linguistics 16:2 ► pp. 261 ff.
2020. Person reference and democratization in British English. Language Sciences 79 ► pp. 101265 ff.
Paternoster, Annick
2022. Precedence. In Historical Etiquette, ► pp. 281 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 1 april 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.