From Ireland to the States
The re-contextualisation of U2’s “Sunday, Bloody Sunday” in different political contexts
In this article I start from an understanding of songs as socio-cultural discourses which may
also perform a political function. This political function can be reflected in the promotion of particular
world-views about given socio-political events and/or in the attempt by the singer to make the audience
perform given political actions. To prove this, I will look at the re-contextualisation process undergone by a
well-known song by U2: “Sunday, Bloody Sunday” (1983). This song was originally written to respond to the
violence of the Northern Irish conflict, but it has been later used to react to other socio-political events.
By relying on a cognitive approach to the study of songs, this paper tries to answer two questions: (i) how
can we explain the re-contextualisation process undergone by the song and why is it possible? and (ii) how is
politics embedded in musical performances?
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Context: U2, the Northern Irish conflict, 9/11 and other political events
- 3.Method
- 4.Analysis
- 5.Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
-
References
References (49)
References
Bar-Tal, Daniel; Ariel W. Kruglanski, and Yechiel Klar. 1989. “Conflict Termination: An Epistemological Analysis of International Cases.” Political Psychology 10 (2): 233–255.
Benito García, Iván. 2013. One Love… U2. Análisis de la Banda de Rock U2. Madrid: U2fanlife.
Bew, Paul, and Gordon Gillespie. 1999. Northern Ireland. A Chronology of the Troubles. 1968–1999. Dublin: Gill & MacMillan.
Bordowitz, Frank (ed). 2003. The U2 Reader. A Quarter Century of Commentary, Criticism, and Reviews. Milwaukee: Hal Leonard Corporation.
Bull, William E. 1960. Time, Tense and the Verb: A Study in Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, with Particular Attention to Spanish. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Chilton, Paul. 2004. Analysing Political Discourse. Theory and Practice. London: Routledge.
CNN. “September 11, 2001: Background and timeline of the attacks,” CNN News, September 8, 2016. [URL]
Eyerman, Ron, and Andrew Jamison. 1998. Music and Social Movements. Mobilizing Traditions in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Filardo-Llamas, Laura. 2015. “Re-contextualizing Political Discourse: An Analysis of Shifting Spaces in Songs Used as a Political Tool.” Critical Discourse Studies 12 (3): 279–296.
Gavins, Joanna. 2007. Text World Theory. An Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Halliday, M. A. K. 2004. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. Revised by Christian M.I.M. Matthiessen. London: Edward Arnold. 3rd ed.
Hart, Christopher. 2014. Discourse, Grammar and Ideology. Functional and Cognitive Perspectives. London: Bloomsbury.
Hennessey, Thomas. 1997. A History of Northern Ireland. 1920–1996. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan.
Jobling, John. 2014. U2. The Definitive Biography. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Jones, Rodney H. 2010. Creativity and discourse, World Englishes 29 (4): 467–480.
Kootnikoff, David. 2010. U2. A Musical Biography. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, LLC.
Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson. 1980. Metaphors We Live by. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Langacker, Ronald. 1991. Concept, Image, and Symbol. The Cognitive Basis of Grammar. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Langacker, Ronald. 2008. Cognitive Grammar: A Basic Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lugea, Jane. 2016. World Building in Spanish and English Spoken Narratives. London: Bloomsbury.
Machin, David. 2010. Analysing Popular Music: Image, Sound and Text. London: Sage.
Machin, David, and Andrea Mayr. 2012. How to Do Critical Discourse Analysis. A Multimodal Introduction. London: Sage.
Marvilli, Joe. 2009. “Rock History 101: U2’s “Sunday Bloody Sunday”,” Consequence of Sound, November 7, 2009. [URL]
McKittrick, David, and David McVea. 2001. Making Sense of the Troubles. London: Penguin.
Melnick, Jeffrey. 2009. 9/11 Culture. America under Construction. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
Neufeld, Timothy D. 2017. U2: Rock ‘n’ Roll to Change the World. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
Peddie, Ian (ed.). 2011. Popular Music and Human Rights. Farnham and Burlington: Ashgate.
Pietzonka, Katrin. 2008. “List of Songs about ‘The Troubles’,” CAIN. A Conflict Archive on the Internet. [URL]
Quay, Sara E., and Amy M. Damico. (eds) 2010. September 11 in Popular Culture. A Guide. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, LLC.
Shuker, Roy. 1995. Understanding Popular Music. London: Routledge.
Street, John. 1986. Rebel Rock. The Politics of Popular Music. Oxford: Blackwell.
Shepherd, John, David Horn, Dave Laing, Paul Oliver, and Peter Wicke (eds.). 2003. Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World. Volume 11. Media, Industry and Society. London: Continuum.
Talmy, Leonard. 2018. The Targeting System of Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT.
Trost, Theodore Louis. 2015. “Transgressive Theology: The Sacred and The Profane at U2’s PopMart.” In U2 Above, Across and Beyond. Interdisciplinary Assessments, ed. by Scott Calhoun, 91–104. Lanham: Lexinton Books.
Vagacs, Robert. 2005. U2. Religious Nuts, Political Fanatics: U2 in Theological Perspective. Eugene: Wipf & Stock.
Van Dijk, Teun A. 1997. “What is Political Discourse Analysis?” In Political Linguistics, ed. by Jan Blommaert and Chris Bulcaen, 11–52. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Van Dijk, Teun A. 2008. Context. A Socio-cognitive Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Van Leeuwen, Theo. 2012. “The Critical Analysis of Musical Discourse.” Critical Discourse Studies 9 (4): 319–328.
Way, Lyndon C. S., and Simon McKerrell. 2017. Music as Multimodal Discourse: Semiotics, Power and Protest. London: Bloomsbury.
Way, Lyndon C. S. 2018. Popular Music and Multimodal Critical Discourse Studies: Ideology, Control and Resistance in Turkey since 2002. London: Bloomsbury.
Werth, Paul. 1999. Text Worlds: Representing Conceptual Space in Discourse. New York: Longman.
Williams, Michael. 2014. “Politics as Spectacle: U2’s 360º tour (2009–2011).” In Power, Politics and International Events: Sociocultural Analysis of Festivals and Spectacles, ed. by Udo Merkel, 174–190. London: Routledge.
Wodak, Ruth, and Norman Fairclough. 2010. “Recontextualizing European Higher Education Policies: The Cases of Austria and Romania.” Critical Discourse Studies 7 (1): 19–40.
Wodak, Ruth, Rudolf De Cillia, Martin Reisigl, and Karin Liebhart. 1999. The Discursive Construction of National Identity. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Zbikowski, Lawrence M. 2002. Conceptualizing Music. Cognitive Structure, Theory, and Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zbikowski, Lawrence M. 2015. “Words, Music, and Meaning,” Signata 61: 143–164. [URL]
Zbikowski, Lawrence M. 2017. Foundations of Musical Grammar. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 9 january 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.