124010547 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LA 206 Eb 15 9789027271945 06 10.1075/la.206 00 EA E107 10 01 JB code LA 02 0166-0829 02 206.00 01 02 Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 11 01 JB code jbe-all 01 02 Full EBA collection (ca. 4,200 titles) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-all 01 02 Complete backlist (3,208 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Complete backlist (1967–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-la 01 02 Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today (vols. 1–226, 1980–2015) 05 02 LA (vols. 1–226, 1980–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-linguistics 01 02 Subject collection: Linguistics (2,773 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Linguistics (1967–2015) 01 01 Challenging Clitics Challenging Clitics 1 B01 01 JB code 280158714 Christine Meklenborg Salvesen Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine Christine Meklenborg Salvesen University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/280158714 2 B01 01 JB code 19158713 Hans Petter Helland Helland, Hans Petter Hans Petter Helland University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/19158713 01 eng 11 323 03 03 vii 03 00 315 03 01 23 415/.92 03 2013 P288 04 Grammar, Comparative and general--Clitics 10 LAN009000 12 CFK 24 JB code LIN.GENER Generative linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 01 06 02 00 Deals with multiple sides of cliticisation, from different theoretical frameworks and with data from a number of different languages. This collection presents cutting edge theoretical considerations as well as new data on clitics. 03 00 Challenging Clitics deals with multiple sides of cliticisation from different theoretical frameworks and with data from a number of different languages. Unlike many other books on clitics where clitics are considered from a mere syntactical point of view, this book also discusses the acquisition of clitics; the role of the PF in cliticisation; the morphophonological aspects of cliticisation; and historical change – to name but a few of the approaches presented. As such this collection presents cutting edge theoretical considerations as well as new data on clitics. Taken together, the contributions in this volume not only provide insight into the extremely complex nature of clitics, but also into derivations and structures in language that go beyond the study of clitics themselves. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/la.206.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027255891.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027255891.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/la.206.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/la.206.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/la.206.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/la.206.hb.png 01 01 JB code la.206.001ack 06 10.1075/la.206.001ack vii viii 2 Article 1 01 04 Acknowledgements Acknowledgements 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.206.01sal 06 10.1075/la.206.01sal 1 26 26 Article 2 01 04 Why challenging clitics? Why challenging clitics? 01 04 Some introductory remarks Some introductory remarks 1 A01 01 JB code 58188775 Christine Meklenborg Salvesen Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine Christine Meklenborg Salvesen University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/58188775 2 A01 01 JB code 860188776 Hans Petter Helland Helland, Hans Petter Hans Petter Helland University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/860188776 01 eng 30 00

Linguists have been drawn to the intriguing nature of clitics ever since the golden age of philology in the 19th century. In this paper we aim to provide a brief history of different approaches to clitics, from Wackernagel’s law to modern theories that link clitics to phases. We also present the papers that follow in this volume and show how they fit into the overall picture of research done on clitics in the 21st century.

01 01 JB code la.206.02mav 06 10.1075/la.206.02mav 27 54 28 Article 3 01 04 Enclisis at the syntax-PF interface Enclisis at the syntax-PF interface 1 A01 01 JB code 114188777 Marios Mavrogiorgos Mavrogiorgos, Marios Marios Mavrogiorgos University of Ulster 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/114188777 01 eng 30 00

This paper discusses the proclisis-enclisis alternation of object clitics in finiteness sensitive and Tobler-Mussafia languages. I argue that proclisis/enclisis can be derived via the interaction of syntactic and PF operations, at least in a number of environments, although purely syntactic or PF derivations are also possible but rare. I present an outline of how certain proclitic and enclitic structures are derived, using a grammatical model in which syntax feeds PF, and I try to show how much of the alternation is syntactic and how much is PF. The implications for head movement are also discussed.

01 01 JB code la.206.03fer 06 10.1075/la.206.03fer 55 86 32 Article 4 01 04 Clisis revisited Clisis revisited 01 04 Root and embedded contexts in Western Iberian Root and embedded contexts in Western Iberian 1 A01 01 JB code 296188778 Francisco J. Fernández-Rubiera Fernández-Rubiera, Francisco J. Francisco J. Fernández-Rubiera University of Central Florida 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/296188778 01 eng 30 00

This paper contributes to the literature that discusses the trigger for enclisis and proclisis alternations. Empirically, this article presents new data from Asturian, a Western Iberian Romance language which, unlike Galician and European Portuguese, exhibits enclisis also in finite embedded contexts. I argue that this empirical evidence supports an analysis of enclisis/proclisis alternations in terms of syntactic A′- or X0-movement to Finiteness0. I illustrate the different interpretations that enclisis/proclisis alternations give rise to in the finite embedded context in Asturian, and I show how they are naturally captured by the proposed analysis. Moreover, the unavailability of embedded enclisis in Galician and European Portuguese can be easily explained, ultimately relating to differences in the complementizer system in this group of languages.

01 01 JB code la.206.04dio 06 10.1075/la.206.04dio 87 118 32 Article 5 01 04 Handling Wolof clitics in LFG Handling Wolof clitics in LFG 1 A01 01 JB code 727188779 Cheikh Bamba Dione Bamba Dione, Cheikh Cheikh Bamba Dione University of Bergen 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/727188779 01 eng 30 00

Clitics often involve intricate interaction between different grammar components, including morphophonology, syntax and information structure. This phenomenon is challenging from a general theoretical perspective. In Wolof, clitization has been investigated using a transformational approach. In contrast, this paper proposes a formal analysis of Wolof clitics using a non-transformational model based on the Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) theory. This approach needs no special rule for verb movements at all and preserves the lexical integrity of words. For sake of concreteness, the theoretical purpose is combined with an implementation that illustrates how the LFG formalism is well suited to a precise treatment of clitics.

01 01 JB code la.206.05san 06 10.1075/la.206.05san 119 134 16 Article 6 01 04 Clitic placement and grammaticalization in Portuguese Clitic placement and grammaticalization in Portuguese 1 A01 01 JB code 4188780 Filomena Sandalo Sandalo, Filomena Filomena Sandalo Departamento de Linguística, IEL 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/4188780 2 A01 01 JB code 223188781 Charlotte Galves Galves, Charlotte Charlotte Galves Unicamp, Campinas-SP 13083-970, Brazil 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/223188781 01 eng 30 00

In this paper, we argue that the architecture of grammar proposed in Distributed Morphology can shed light on the diachronic shift that has occurred in Portuguese enclisis. Employing such a view of the architecture of grammar allows us to interpret this shift as a case of grammaticalization, thus broadening the treatment of this concept in the framework of generative grammar. In Modern European Portuguese, enclitic pronouns are more affix-like than proclitic pronouns, both syntactically and phonologically. We argue that enclisis in Modern Portuguese is due to Lowering, a post-syntactic incorporation process, whereas clitics in Classical Portuguese must be displaced from the beginning of an Intonational Phrase, and as such, enclisis in this language period is a result of Prosodic Inversion.

01 01 JB code la.206.06mig 06 10.1075/la.206.06mig 135 158 24 Article 7 01 04 Diachronic source of two cliticization patterns in Slavic Diachronic source of two cliticization patterns in Slavic 1 A01 01 JB code 510188782 Krzysztof Migdalski Migdalski, Krzysztof Krzysztof Migdalski University of Wroclaw 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/510188782 01 eng 30 00

This paper presents an analysis of a diachronic modification in the position of pronominal clitics in Slavic. The modification involved a switch from verb-adjacent clitics to second position clitics, but it occurred only in those languages that also lost tense morphology. The paper interprets the change as a loss of the TP projection, as a result of which clitics may not adjoin to a suitable syntactic head. The change has repercussions for the syntactic process of cliticization: second position clitics no longer have a designated position in the clause structure, but instead they land in specifiers of different functional heads above VP.

01 01 JB code la.206.07dal 06 10.1075/la.206.07dal 159 186 28 Article 8 01 04 The Freezing Principle in Hungarian polarity, non-polarity and multiple wh-questions The Freezing Principle in Hungarian polarity, non-polarity and multiple wh-questions 1 A01 01 JB code 867188783 Gréte Dalmi Dalmi, Gréte Gréte Dalmi Eszterházy College 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/867188783 01 eng 30 00

This paper explores how weak erotetic vajon ‘whether, if…at all’ interacts with the interrogative clitic -e ‘QCL’ in polarity questions and with wh-words in non-polarity and multiple wh-questions in Hungarian. Vajon ‘if…at all’, sitting in ForceP, forms an expletive–associate chain with FINP, which hosts the polarity interrogative clitic -e ‘QCL’. Whenever the INT operator forms an OP-variable chain with the interrogative clitic -e ‘QCL’, this chain blocks Long wh-movement out of subordinate clauses. Weak erotetic vajon ‘if…at all’ signals such OP-variable chains. The same holds for subordinate multiple wh-questions, where the INT….wh-word chain blocks the extraction of another wh-word.

01 01 JB code la.206.08gir 06 10.1075/la.206.08gir 187 208 22 Article 9 01 04 Pronominal markers in Cajun French Pronominal markers in Cajun French 1 A01 01 JB code 28188784 Francine Alice Girard Lomheim Girard Lomheim, Francine Alice Francine Alice Girard Lomheim University of Agder 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/28188784 01 eng 30 00

This article examines subject and object pronominal markers in Cajun French, a mainly oral variety of French spoken in Southwestern Louisiana. The data show that although Cajun shares a certain amount of features with other colloquial and dialectal French varieties, it cannot be analyzed along quite the same lines. I will show that it has come further than these varieties in the grammaticalization process of its pronominal markers towards affixal agreement markers, and that they are even in the process of being reduced to nothing and replaced by strong forms.

01 01 JB code la.206.09pav 06 10.1075/la.206.09pav 209 232 24 Article 10 01 04 The morphosyntax of -nde and post-verbal clitics in Cypriot Greek The morphosyntax of -nde and post-verbal clitics in Cypriot Greek 1 A01 01 JB code 315188785 Natalia Pavlou Pavlou, Natalia Natalia Pavlou University of Chicago 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/315188785 2 A01 01 JB code 623188786 Phoevos Panagiotidis Panagiotidis, Phoevos Phoevos Panagiotidis University of Cyprus 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/623188786 01 eng 30 00

This paper explores pronominal clitic placement in a mixed clitic placement variety, Cypriot Greek, and the restrictions on it in the presence of the dialectal element -nde. -Nde appears as a verb suffix, but imposes syntactic and morphological restrictions in the clause. We argue that -nde is a borrowed element from Turkish and it behaves as a validational marker (Weber 1986) in Cypriot Greek, expressing the truth validity of the speaker’s judgment. Challenging the true nature of clitics and affixes, the discussion focuses on the possibility of clitic-like elements appearing as suffixes. The ungrammaticality yielded with both -nde and post-verbal object clitics leads to the observation that the two need to appear adjacent to the verb.

01 01 JB code la.206.10kha 06 10.1075/la.206.10kha 233 254 22 Article 11 01 04 Acquisition of Italian object clitics by a trilingual child Acquisition of Italian object clitics by a trilingual child 01 04 Acquisition of Italian object clitics Acquisition of Italian object clitics 1 A01 01 JB code 727188787 Elizaveta Khachaturyan Khachaturyan, Elizaveta Elizaveta Khachaturyan University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/727188787 01 eng 30 00

This paper describes the acquisition of Italian object pronouns by a trilingual girl who simultaneously acquires Italian, Russian, and Norwegian. Different processes were distinguished according to the subject’s age at the time of acquisition. Italian first- and second-person singular clitics were produced correctly during the first stage (at age 2;2) but were replaced by tonic forms after the age of three, while third-person singular clitics were used in a target-consistent manner. On the basis of these data I shall discuss different approaches to Italian clitics.

01 01 JB code la.206.11pes 06 10.1075/la.206.11pes 255 282 28 Article 12 01 04 Clitic clusters in early Italo-Romance and the syntax/phonology interface Clitic clusters in early Italo-Romance and the syntax/phonology interface 1 A01 01 JB code 80188788 Diego Pescarini Pescarini, Diego Diego Pescarini University of Padua 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/80188788 01 eng 30 00

This paper deals with the morpho-phonology of Italo-Romance clitic clusters. It argues that morpho-phonological processes (i.e. apocope, prosthesis, etc.) are sensitive to both the syntactic make-up of clitic clusters and their prosodic structure. The first part of the paper aims to support the hypothesis that a clitic cluster is a Foot, daughter to a recursive Prosodic Word (Peperkamp 1995, 1996, 1997). The second part of the paper accounts for the distribution of the apocopated clitic l (< lo ‘it/him’/‘the.m.sg’) in early Italo-Romance. I show that the distribution of l follows from syllabic and alignment constraints compatible with the foot-based analysis. The last section addresses a puzzling vowel alternation which targets the leftmost clitic of certain clusters in Old and Modern Italian.

01 01 JB code la.206.12sal 06 10.1075/la.206.12sal 283 310 28 Article 13 01 04 Reflexive verbs and the restructuring of clitic clusters Reflexive verbs and the restructuring of clitic clusters 1 A01 01 JB code 259188789 Christine Meklenborg Salvesen Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine Christine Meklenborg Salvesen University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/259188789 01 eng 30 00

In Old French, all clitic clusters containing objects observed the order ACC–DAT. During the 15th and 16th centuries this order was changed into DAT–ACC in cases where objects of the 1st and 2nd person were involved. This change took place rather abruptly. In this paper I will argue that increased use of reflexive forms provoked a change in the order in these clitic clusters. More specifically, I will argue that clusters involving 1st and 2nd person argumental clitics form true clusters in Modern French (in the sense of Pescarini (2012)), whereas they formed split clusters in the old language.

01 01 JB code la.206.13lan 06 10.1075/la.206.13lan 311 312 2 Article 14 01 04 Language index Language index 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.206.14sub 06 10.1075/la.206.14sub 313 316 4 Article 15 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/la.206 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20130627 C 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027255891 WORLD 09 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 https://jbe-platform.com 29 https://jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027271945 21 01 00 Unqualified price 02 99.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 02 83.00 GBP GB 01 00 Unqualified price 02 149.00 USD
641014752 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LA 206 GE 15 9789027271945 06 10.1075/la.206 00 EA E133 10 01 JB code LA 02 JB code 0166-0829 02 206.00 01 02 Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 01 01 Challenging Clitics Challenging Clitics 1 B01 01 JB code 280158714 Christine Meklenborg Salvesen Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine Christine Meklenborg Salvesen University of Oslo 2 B01 01 JB code 19158713 Hans Petter Helland Helland, Hans Petter Hans Petter Helland University of Oslo 01 eng 11 323 03 03 vii 03 00 315 03 24 JB code LIN.GENER Generative linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 10 LAN009000 12 CFK 01 06 02 00 Deals with multiple sides of cliticisation, from different theoretical frameworks and with data from a number of different languages. This collection presents cutting edge theoretical considerations as well as new data on clitics. 03 00 Challenging Clitics deals with multiple sides of cliticisation from different theoretical frameworks and with data from a number of different languages. Unlike many other books on clitics where clitics are considered from a mere syntactical point of view, this book also discusses the acquisition of clitics; the role of the PF in cliticisation; the morphophonological aspects of cliticisation; and historical change – to name but a few of the approaches presented. As such this collection presents cutting edge theoretical considerations as well as new data on clitics. Taken together, the contributions in this volume not only provide insight into the extremely complex nature of clitics, but also into derivations and structures in language that go beyond the study of clitics themselves. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/la.206.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027255891.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027255891.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/la.206.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/la.206.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/la.206.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/la.206.hb.png 01 01 JB code la.206.001ack 06 10.1075/la.206.001ack vii viii 2 Article 1 01 04 Acknowledgements Acknowledgements 01 01 JB code la.206.01sal 06 10.1075/la.206.01sal 1 26 26 Article 2 01 04 Why challenging clitics? Why challenging clitics? 01 04 Some introductory remarks Some introductory remarks 1 A01 01 JB code 58188775 Christine Meklenborg Salvesen Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine Christine Meklenborg Salvesen University of Oslo 2 A01 01 JB code 860188776 Hans Petter Helland Helland, Hans Petter Hans Petter Helland University of Oslo 01 01 JB code la.206.02mav 06 10.1075/la.206.02mav 27 54 28 Article 3 01 04 Enclisis at the syntax-PF interface Enclisis at the syntax-PF interface 1 A01 01 JB code 114188777 Marios Mavrogiorgos Mavrogiorgos, Marios Marios Mavrogiorgos University of Ulster 01 01 JB code la.206.03fer 06 10.1075/la.206.03fer 55 86 32 Article 4 01 04 Clisis revisited Clisis revisited 01 04 Root and embedded contexts in Western Iberian Root and embedded contexts in Western Iberian 1 A01 01 JB code 296188778 Francisco José Fernández-Rubiera Fernández-Rubiera, Francisco José Francisco José Fernández-Rubiera University of Central Florida 01 01 JB code la.206.04dio 06 10.1075/la.206.04dio 87 118 32 Article 5 01 04 Handling Wolof clitics in LFG Handling Wolof clitics in LFG 1 A01 01 JB code 727188779 Cheikh Bamba Dione Bamba Dione, Cheikh Cheikh Bamba Dione University of Bergen 01 01 JB code la.206.05san 06 10.1075/la.206.05san 119 134 16 Article 6 01 04 Clitic placement and grammaticalization in Portuguese Clitic placement and grammaticalization in Portuguese 1 A01 01 JB code 4188780 Filomena Sandalo Sandalo, Filomena Filomena Sandalo Departamento de Linguística, IEL 2 A01 01 JB code 223188781 Charlotte Galves Galves, Charlotte Charlotte Galves Unicamp, Campinas-SP 13083-970, Brazil 01 01 JB code la.206.06mig 06 10.1075/la.206.06mig 135 158 24 Article 7 01 04 Diachronic source of two cliticization patterns in Slavic Diachronic source of two cliticization patterns in Slavic 1 A01 01 JB code 510188782 Krzysztof Migdalski Migdalski, Krzysztof Krzysztof Migdalski University of Wroclaw 01 01 JB code la.206.07dal 06 10.1075/la.206.07dal 159 186 28 Article 8 01 04 The Freezing Principle in Hungarian polarity, non-polarity and multiple wh-questions The Freezing Principle in Hungarian polarity, non-polarity and multiple wh-questions 1 A01 01 JB code 867188783 Gréte Dalmi Dalmi, Gréte Gréte Dalmi Eszterházy College 01 01 JB code la.206.08gir 06 10.1075/la.206.08gir 187 208 22 Article 9 01 04 Pronominal markers in Cajun French Pronominal markers in Cajun French 1 A01 01 JB code 28188784 Francine Alice Girard Lomheim Girard Lomheim, Francine Alice Francine Alice Girard Lomheim University of Agder 01 01 JB code la.206.09pav 06 10.1075/la.206.09pav 209 232 24 Article 10 01 04 The morphosyntax of -nde and post-verbal clitics in Cypriot Greek The morphosyntax of -nde and post-verbal clitics in Cypriot Greek 1 A01 01 JB code 315188785 Natalia Pavlou Pavlou, Natalia Natalia Pavlou University of Chicago 2 A01 01 JB code 623188786 E. Phoevos Panagiotidis Panagiotidis, E. Phoevos E. Phoevos Panagiotidis University of Cyprus 01 01 JB code la.206.10kha 06 10.1075/la.206.10kha 233 254 22 Article 11 01 04 Acquisition of Italian object clitics by a trilingual child Acquisition of Italian object clitics by a trilingual child 01 04 Acquisition of Italian object clitics Acquisition of Italian object clitics 1 A01 01 JB code 727188787 Elizaveta Khachaturyan Khachaturyan, Elizaveta Elizaveta Khachaturyan University of Oslo 01 01 JB code la.206.11pes 06 10.1075/la.206.11pes 255 282 28 Article 12 01 04 Clitic clusters in early Italo-Romance and the syntax/phonology interface Clitic clusters in early Italo-Romance and the syntax/phonology interface 1 A01 01 JB code 80188788 Diego Pescarini Pescarini, Diego Diego Pescarini University of Padua 01 01 JB code la.206.12sal 06 10.1075/la.206.12sal 283 310 28 Article 13 01 04 Reflexive verbs and the restructuring of clitic clusters Reflexive verbs and the restructuring of clitic clusters 1 A01 01 JB code 259188789 Christine Meklenborg Salvesen Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine Christine Meklenborg Salvesen University of Oslo 01 01 JB code la.206.13lan 06 10.1075/la.206.13lan 311 312 2 Article 14 01 04 Language index Language index 01 01 JB code la.206.14sub 06 10.1075/la.206.14sub 313 316 4 Article 15 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20130627 C 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027255891 WORLD 03 01 JB 17 Google 03 https://play.google.com/store/books 21 01 00 Unqualified price 00 99.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 00 83.00 GBP 01 00 Unqualified price 00 149.00 USD 891010546 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LA 206 Hb 15 9789027255891 06 10.1075/la.206 13 2013008964 00 BB 08 735 gr 10 01 JB code LA 02 0166-0829 02 206.00 01 02 Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 01 01 Challenging Clitics Challenging Clitics 1 B01 01 JB code 280158714 Christine Meklenborg Salvesen Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine Christine Meklenborg Salvesen University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/280158714 2 B01 01 JB code 19158713 Hans Petter Helland Helland, Hans Petter Hans Petter Helland University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/19158713 01 eng 11 323 03 03 vii 03 00 315 03 01 23 415/.92 03 2013 P288 04 Grammar, Comparative and general--Clitics 10 LAN009000 12 CFK 24 JB code LIN.GENER Generative linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 01 06 02 00 Deals with multiple sides of cliticisation, from different theoretical frameworks and with data from a number of different languages. This collection presents cutting edge theoretical considerations as well as new data on clitics. 03 00 Challenging Clitics deals with multiple sides of cliticisation from different theoretical frameworks and with data from a number of different languages. Unlike many other books on clitics where clitics are considered from a mere syntactical point of view, this book also discusses the acquisition of clitics; the role of the PF in cliticisation; the morphophonological aspects of cliticisation; and historical change – to name but a few of the approaches presented. As such this collection presents cutting edge theoretical considerations as well as new data on clitics. Taken together, the contributions in this volume not only provide insight into the extremely complex nature of clitics, but also into derivations and structures in language that go beyond the study of clitics themselves. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/la.206.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027255891.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027255891.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/la.206.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/la.206.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/la.206.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/la.206.hb.png 01 01 JB code la.206.001ack 06 10.1075/la.206.001ack vii viii 2 Article 1 01 04 Acknowledgements Acknowledgements 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.206.01sal 06 10.1075/la.206.01sal 1 26 26 Article 2 01 04 Why challenging clitics? Why challenging clitics? 01 04 Some introductory remarks Some introductory remarks 1 A01 01 JB code 58188775 Christine Meklenborg Salvesen Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine Christine Meklenborg Salvesen University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/58188775 2 A01 01 JB code 860188776 Hans Petter Helland Helland, Hans Petter Hans Petter Helland University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/860188776 01 eng 30 00

Linguists have been drawn to the intriguing nature of clitics ever since the golden age of philology in the 19th century. In this paper we aim to provide a brief history of different approaches to clitics, from Wackernagel’s law to modern theories that link clitics to phases. We also present the papers that follow in this volume and show how they fit into the overall picture of research done on clitics in the 21st century.

01 01 JB code la.206.02mav 06 10.1075/la.206.02mav 27 54 28 Article 3 01 04 Enclisis at the syntax-PF interface Enclisis at the syntax-PF interface 1 A01 01 JB code 114188777 Marios Mavrogiorgos Mavrogiorgos, Marios Marios Mavrogiorgos University of Ulster 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/114188777 01 eng 30 00

This paper discusses the proclisis-enclisis alternation of object clitics in finiteness sensitive and Tobler-Mussafia languages. I argue that proclisis/enclisis can be derived via the interaction of syntactic and PF operations, at least in a number of environments, although purely syntactic or PF derivations are also possible but rare. I present an outline of how certain proclitic and enclitic structures are derived, using a grammatical model in which syntax feeds PF, and I try to show how much of the alternation is syntactic and how much is PF. The implications for head movement are also discussed.

01 01 JB code la.206.03fer 06 10.1075/la.206.03fer 55 86 32 Article 4 01 04 Clisis revisited Clisis revisited 01 04 Root and embedded contexts in Western Iberian Root and embedded contexts in Western Iberian 1 A01 01 JB code 296188778 Francisco J. Fernández-Rubiera Fernández-Rubiera, Francisco J. Francisco J. Fernández-Rubiera University of Central Florida 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/296188778 01 eng 30 00

This paper contributes to the literature that discusses the trigger for enclisis and proclisis alternations. Empirically, this article presents new data from Asturian, a Western Iberian Romance language which, unlike Galician and European Portuguese, exhibits enclisis also in finite embedded contexts. I argue that this empirical evidence supports an analysis of enclisis/proclisis alternations in terms of syntactic A′- or X0-movement to Finiteness0. I illustrate the different interpretations that enclisis/proclisis alternations give rise to in the finite embedded context in Asturian, and I show how they are naturally captured by the proposed analysis. Moreover, the unavailability of embedded enclisis in Galician and European Portuguese can be easily explained, ultimately relating to differences in the complementizer system in this group of languages.

01 01 JB code la.206.04dio 06 10.1075/la.206.04dio 87 118 32 Article 5 01 04 Handling Wolof clitics in LFG Handling Wolof clitics in LFG 1 A01 01 JB code 727188779 Cheikh Bamba Dione Bamba Dione, Cheikh Cheikh Bamba Dione University of Bergen 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/727188779 01 eng 30 00

Clitics often involve intricate interaction between different grammar components, including morphophonology, syntax and information structure. This phenomenon is challenging from a general theoretical perspective. In Wolof, clitization has been investigated using a transformational approach. In contrast, this paper proposes a formal analysis of Wolof clitics using a non-transformational model based on the Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) theory. This approach needs no special rule for verb movements at all and preserves the lexical integrity of words. For sake of concreteness, the theoretical purpose is combined with an implementation that illustrates how the LFG formalism is well suited to a precise treatment of clitics.

01 01 JB code la.206.05san 06 10.1075/la.206.05san 119 134 16 Article 6 01 04 Clitic placement and grammaticalization in Portuguese Clitic placement and grammaticalization in Portuguese 1 A01 01 JB code 4188780 Filomena Sandalo Sandalo, Filomena Filomena Sandalo Departamento de Linguística, IEL 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/4188780 2 A01 01 JB code 223188781 Charlotte Galves Galves, Charlotte Charlotte Galves Unicamp, Campinas-SP 13083-970, Brazil 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/223188781 01 eng 30 00

In this paper, we argue that the architecture of grammar proposed in Distributed Morphology can shed light on the diachronic shift that has occurred in Portuguese enclisis. Employing such a view of the architecture of grammar allows us to interpret this shift as a case of grammaticalization, thus broadening the treatment of this concept in the framework of generative grammar. In Modern European Portuguese, enclitic pronouns are more affix-like than proclitic pronouns, both syntactically and phonologically. We argue that enclisis in Modern Portuguese is due to Lowering, a post-syntactic incorporation process, whereas clitics in Classical Portuguese must be displaced from the beginning of an Intonational Phrase, and as such, enclisis in this language period is a result of Prosodic Inversion.

01 01 JB code la.206.06mig 06 10.1075/la.206.06mig 135 158 24 Article 7 01 04 Diachronic source of two cliticization patterns in Slavic Diachronic source of two cliticization patterns in Slavic 1 A01 01 JB code 510188782 Krzysztof Migdalski Migdalski, Krzysztof Krzysztof Migdalski University of Wroclaw 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/510188782 01 eng 30 00

This paper presents an analysis of a diachronic modification in the position of pronominal clitics in Slavic. The modification involved a switch from verb-adjacent clitics to second position clitics, but it occurred only in those languages that also lost tense morphology. The paper interprets the change as a loss of the TP projection, as a result of which clitics may not adjoin to a suitable syntactic head. The change has repercussions for the syntactic process of cliticization: second position clitics no longer have a designated position in the clause structure, but instead they land in specifiers of different functional heads above VP.

01 01 JB code la.206.07dal 06 10.1075/la.206.07dal 159 186 28 Article 8 01 04 The Freezing Principle in Hungarian polarity, non-polarity and multiple wh-questions The Freezing Principle in Hungarian polarity, non-polarity and multiple wh-questions 1 A01 01 JB code 867188783 Gréte Dalmi Dalmi, Gréte Gréte Dalmi Eszterházy College 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/867188783 01 eng 30 00

This paper explores how weak erotetic vajon ‘whether, if…at all’ interacts with the interrogative clitic -e ‘QCL’ in polarity questions and with wh-words in non-polarity and multiple wh-questions in Hungarian. Vajon ‘if…at all’, sitting in ForceP, forms an expletive–associate chain with FINP, which hosts the polarity interrogative clitic -e ‘QCL’. Whenever the INT operator forms an OP-variable chain with the interrogative clitic -e ‘QCL’, this chain blocks Long wh-movement out of subordinate clauses. Weak erotetic vajon ‘if…at all’ signals such OP-variable chains. The same holds for subordinate multiple wh-questions, where the INT….wh-word chain blocks the extraction of another wh-word.

01 01 JB code la.206.08gir 06 10.1075/la.206.08gir 187 208 22 Article 9 01 04 Pronominal markers in Cajun French Pronominal markers in Cajun French 1 A01 01 JB code 28188784 Francine Alice Girard Lomheim Girard Lomheim, Francine Alice Francine Alice Girard Lomheim University of Agder 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/28188784 01 eng 30 00

This article examines subject and object pronominal markers in Cajun French, a mainly oral variety of French spoken in Southwestern Louisiana. The data show that although Cajun shares a certain amount of features with other colloquial and dialectal French varieties, it cannot be analyzed along quite the same lines. I will show that it has come further than these varieties in the grammaticalization process of its pronominal markers towards affixal agreement markers, and that they are even in the process of being reduced to nothing and replaced by strong forms.

01 01 JB code la.206.09pav 06 10.1075/la.206.09pav 209 232 24 Article 10 01 04 The morphosyntax of -nde and post-verbal clitics in Cypriot Greek The morphosyntax of -nde and post-verbal clitics in Cypriot Greek 1 A01 01 JB code 315188785 Natalia Pavlou Pavlou, Natalia Natalia Pavlou University of Chicago 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/315188785 2 A01 01 JB code 623188786 Phoevos Panagiotidis Panagiotidis, Phoevos Phoevos Panagiotidis University of Cyprus 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/623188786 01 eng 30 00

This paper explores pronominal clitic placement in a mixed clitic placement variety, Cypriot Greek, and the restrictions on it in the presence of the dialectal element -nde. -Nde appears as a verb suffix, but imposes syntactic and morphological restrictions in the clause. We argue that -nde is a borrowed element from Turkish and it behaves as a validational marker (Weber 1986) in Cypriot Greek, expressing the truth validity of the speaker’s judgment. Challenging the true nature of clitics and affixes, the discussion focuses on the possibility of clitic-like elements appearing as suffixes. The ungrammaticality yielded with both -nde and post-verbal object clitics leads to the observation that the two need to appear adjacent to the verb.

01 01 JB code la.206.10kha 06 10.1075/la.206.10kha 233 254 22 Article 11 01 04 Acquisition of Italian object clitics by a trilingual child Acquisition of Italian object clitics by a trilingual child 01 04 Acquisition of Italian object clitics Acquisition of Italian object clitics 1 A01 01 JB code 727188787 Elizaveta Khachaturyan Khachaturyan, Elizaveta Elizaveta Khachaturyan University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/727188787 01 eng 30 00

This paper describes the acquisition of Italian object pronouns by a trilingual girl who simultaneously acquires Italian, Russian, and Norwegian. Different processes were distinguished according to the subject’s age at the time of acquisition. Italian first- and second-person singular clitics were produced correctly during the first stage (at age 2;2) but were replaced by tonic forms after the age of three, while third-person singular clitics were used in a target-consistent manner. On the basis of these data I shall discuss different approaches to Italian clitics.

01 01 JB code la.206.11pes 06 10.1075/la.206.11pes 255 282 28 Article 12 01 04 Clitic clusters in early Italo-Romance and the syntax/phonology interface Clitic clusters in early Italo-Romance and the syntax/phonology interface 1 A01 01 JB code 80188788 Diego Pescarini Pescarini, Diego Diego Pescarini University of Padua 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/80188788 01 eng 30 00

This paper deals with the morpho-phonology of Italo-Romance clitic clusters. It argues that morpho-phonological processes (i.e. apocope, prosthesis, etc.) are sensitive to both the syntactic make-up of clitic clusters and their prosodic structure. The first part of the paper aims to support the hypothesis that a clitic cluster is a Foot, daughter to a recursive Prosodic Word (Peperkamp 1995, 1996, 1997). The second part of the paper accounts for the distribution of the apocopated clitic l (< lo ‘it/him’/‘the.m.sg’) in early Italo-Romance. I show that the distribution of l follows from syllabic and alignment constraints compatible with the foot-based analysis. The last section addresses a puzzling vowel alternation which targets the leftmost clitic of certain clusters in Old and Modern Italian.

01 01 JB code la.206.12sal 06 10.1075/la.206.12sal 283 310 28 Article 13 01 04 Reflexive verbs and the restructuring of clitic clusters Reflexive verbs and the restructuring of clitic clusters 1 A01 01 JB code 259188789 Christine Meklenborg Salvesen Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine Christine Meklenborg Salvesen University of Oslo 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/259188789 01 eng 30 00

In Old French, all clitic clusters containing objects observed the order ACC–DAT. During the 15th and 16th centuries this order was changed into DAT–ACC in cases where objects of the 1st and 2nd person were involved. This change took place rather abruptly. In this paper I will argue that increased use of reflexive forms provoked a change in the order in these clitic clusters. More specifically, I will argue that clusters involving 1st and 2nd person argumental clitics form true clusters in Modern French (in the sense of Pescarini (2012)), whereas they formed split clusters in the old language.

01 01 JB code la.206.13lan 06 10.1075/la.206.13lan 311 312 2 Article 14 01 04 Language index Language index 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.206.14sub 06 10.1075/la.206.14sub 313 316 4 Article 15 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/la.206 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20130627 C 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD WORLD US CA MX 09 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 21 85 16 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 99.00 EUR 02 00 Unqualified price 02 83.00 01 Z 0 GBP GB US CA MX 01 01 JB 2 John Benjamins Publishing Company +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 21 85 16 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 149.00 USD