23007769 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LA 208 Eb 15 9789027271129 06 10.1075/la.208 00 EA E107 10 01 JB code LA 02 0166-0829 02 208.00 01 02 Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 11 01 JB code jbe-all 01 02 Full EBA collection (ca. 4,200 titles) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-all 01 02 Complete backlist (3,208 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Complete backlist (1967–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-la 01 02 Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today (vols. 1–226, 1980–2015) 05 02 LA (vols. 1–226, 1980–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-linguistics 01 02 Subject collection: Linguistics (2,773 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Linguistics (1967–2015) 01 01 Cleft Structures Cleft Structures 1 B01 01 JB code 178107367 Katharina Hartmann Hartmann, Katharina Katharina Hartmann Universität Wien 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/178107367 2 B01 01 JB code 268107368 Tonjes Veenstra Veenstra, Tonjes Tonjes Veenstra ZAS Berlin 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/268107368 01 eng 11 356 03 03 viii 03 00 348 03 01 23 415 03 2013 P291 04 Generative grammar. 04 Grammar, Comparative and general--Syntax. 10 LAN009000 12 CFK 24 JB code LIN.GENER Generative linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 01 06 02 00 The phenomenon of clefts is beyond doubt a golden oldie. this volume presents new arguments for the proper derivation of clefts, and contributes to the ongoing debate on the information-structural impact of cleft structures. 03 00 The phenomenon of clefts is beyond doubt a golden oldie. It has captivated linguists of different disciplines for decades. The fascination arises from the unique syntax of clefts in interaction with their pragmatic and semantic interpretation. Clefts structure sentences according to the information state of the constituents contained in them. They are special as they exhibit a rather uncommon syntactic form to achieve the separation of the prominent part, either focal or topical, from the background of the clause. Despite the long-lasting interest in clefts, linguists have not yet come to an agreement on many basic questions. The articles contained in this volume address these issues from new theoretical and empirical perspectives. Based on data from about 50 languages from all over the world, this volume presents new arguments for the proper derivation of clefts, and contributes to the ongoing debate on the information-structural impact of cleft structures. Theoretically, it combines modern syntactic theorizing with investigations at the interface between grammar and information-structure. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/la.208.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027255914.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027255914.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/la.208.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/la.208.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/la.208.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/la.208.hb.png 01 01 JB code la.208.001loc 06 10.1075/la.208.001loc vii viii 2 Article 1 01 04 List of contributors List of contributors 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.01har 06 10.1075/la.208.01har 1 32 32 Article 2 01 04 Introduction Introduction 1 A01 01 JB code 71198382 Katharina Hartmann Hartmann, Katharina Katharina Hartmann University of Vienna and ZAS Berlin 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/71198382 2 A01 01 JB code 3198383 Tonjes Veenstra Veenstra, Tonjes Tonjes Veenstra University of Vienna and ZAS Berlin 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/3198383 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.00sec1 06 10.1075/la.208.00sec1 Section header 3 01 04 Part I. Specificational/predicational clefts Part I. Specificational/predicational clefts 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.02dik 06 10.1075/la.208.02dik 35 70 36 Article 4 01 04 Predication and specification in the syntax of cleft sentences Predication and specification in the syntax of cleft sentences 1 A01 01 JB code 443198384 Marcel Dikken Dikken, Marcel Marcel Dikken CUNY Graduate Center 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/443198384 01 eng 30 00

This paper reviews the differences between predicational and specificational copular sentences in the realm of (pseudo-)cleft constructions, and proposes an analysis which treats the it of specificational it-clefts as a pro-predicate that inverts with its subject in the course of the syntactic derivation. In contrastive-focus it-clefts, the sentence-final relative clause is a right-dislocated headless relative dependent on a formal licensing relationship with the operator inside the relative clause and a content-licensing relationship with the focus. This dual licensing dependency explains the restrictions on the distribution of which as the relative clause operator in contrastive-focus it-clefts. Continuous-topic it-clefts are structurally assimilated to pseudorelative constructions, which accounts for the restrictions on the realisation of the left periphery of their relative clause. Keywords: it-cleft; predication; specification; headless relative; asyndetic specification

01 01 JB code la.208.03ald 06 10.1075/la.208.03ald 71 96 26 Article 5 01 04 Wh-clefts and verb-initial word order in Austronesian languages Wh-clefts and verb-initial word order in Austronesian languages 1 A01 01 JB code 206198385 Edith Aldridge Aldridge, Edith Edith Aldridge University of Washington 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/206198385 01 eng 30 00

Wh-questions are formed on clefts in many Austronesian languages, a fact which is generally assumed to be related to their verb-initial basic word order. What is less clear is the precise relationship between verb-initial word order and the cleft strategy for questions. This paper proposes that the derivation of clefts is parallel to the derivation of basic word order in VOS languages. The absolutive DP is analyzed as a topic and moves to the left periphery of the clause. Following this, the remnant clause is fronted to a higher focus position. I further show how this parallelism accounts for certain distinguishing characteristics of clefts in Austronesian languages. Keywords: Cleft; wh-question; verb-initial word order; predicate-fronting; Austronesian

01 01 JB code la.208.04fra 06 10.1075/la.208.04fra 97 138 42 Article 6 01 04 (Pseudo)clefts at the syntax-prosody-discourse interface (Pseudo)clefts at the syntax-prosody-discourse interface 1 A01 01 JB code 559198386 Mara Frascarelli Frascarelli, Mara Mara Frascarelli Università degli Studi Roma Tre 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/559198386 2 A01 01 JB code 750198387 Francesca Ramaglia Ramaglia, Francesca Francesca Ramaglia Università degli Studi Roma Tre 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/750198387 01 eng 30 00

This paper proposes an interface approach to (pseudo)cleft constructions, in which their semantic, syntactic, discourse and intonational properties are examined in a cross-linguistic perspective. Following most influential studies, the relevant constructions are analyzed as specificational copular sentences, in which the two major constituents – a (free) relative DP and the (to be) focused phrase – are merged in a SC structure. However, based on formal evidence and discourse considerations, we take the clefted constituent to be merged as the predicate of the relevant construction, thus departing from the general view. Finally, (pseudo)clefts are also shown to imply a Topic strategy. This proposal is substantiated by intonational investigation, showing a crucial correlation between tonal events and the information-structural articulation activated by clefting. Keywords: Focus; interface; (pseudo)clefts; specificational copular sentences; (different types of) Topic(s)

01 01 JB code la.208.00sec2 06 10.1075/la.208.00sec2 Section header 7 01 04 Part II. Monoclausal/biclausal analyses Part II. Monoclausal/biclausal analyses 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.05che 06 10.1075/la.208.05che 141 164 24 Article 8 01 04 Clefts in Durban Zulu Clefts in Durban Zulu 1 A01 01 JB code 42198388 Lisa Lai-Shen Cheng Cheng, Lisa Lai-Shen Lisa Lai-Shen Cheng Leiden University and Göteborg University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/42198388 2 A01 01 JB code 353198389 Laura J. Downing Downing, Laura J. Laura J. Downing Leiden University and Göteborg University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/353198389 01 eng 30 00

In this paper, we argue that clefts in Zulu have a bipartite structure: a copular sentence with an adjoined DP/clause. This structure accounts for the prosody of clefts. Each constituent is parsed into a separate Intonation Phrase by the independently motivated phrasing algorithm of Zulu. It also accounts for the syntactic properties of Zulu clefts. We further argue that the nature of agreement in Zulu copular sentences support a pronominal predicate analysis. Keywords: Prosody of clefts; copular sentences; pronominal predicate

01 01 JB code la.208.06rev 06 10.1075/la.208.06rev 165 186 22 Article 9 01 04 The cleft pronoun and cleft clause in English The cleft pronoun and cleft clause in English 1 A01 01 JB code 604198390 Matthew Reeve Reeve, Matthew Matthew Reeve University College London 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/604198390 01 eng 30 00

In this paper I argue against both ‘specificational’ and ‘expletive’ analyses of English clefts. I provide new evidence that the cleft pronoun it is non-expletive, and that the cleft clause is interpreted as a discontinuous definite description with it, as under specificational analyses. On the other hand, I argue that specificational analyses are mistaken in positing a syntactic modification relationship between the cleft clause and it. Rather, the evidence shows that the cleft clause behaves in all relevant ways as if it is a syntactic modifier of the clefted XP. Keywords: cleft constructions; relative clauses; copular sentences; definite descriptions.

01 01 JB code la.208.07tor 06 10.1075/la.208.07tor 187 224 38 Article 10 01 04 The morphosyntax of wolof clefts The morphosyntax of wolof clefts 01 04 Structure and movement Structure and movement 1 A01 01 JB code 941198391 Harold Torrence Torrence, Harold Harold Torrence University of Kansas 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/941198391 01 eng 30 00

This paper examines the structure and derivation of cleft clauses in the Atlantic language Wolof, which possesses distinct clefts for subjects and nonsubjects. I argue that the clefts are based on two syntactically distinct copular constructions. In the subject cleft, the copula occurs with a TPstructure. In the nonsubject cleft, the copula occurs with a CPlike structure. In terms of derivation, I argue that Wolof clefts involve overt movement of the clefted constituent, not base generation. I show that Wolof clefts are islandsensitive using general and Wolofspecific tests. I then present evidence from a number of reconstruction tests that converge on the conclusion that clefted items in Wolof undergo A’movement. Keywords: A’- movement; wh-movement; reconstruction; copula; cleft; focus; left periphery; Niger-Congo; Atlantic

01 01 JB code la.208.00sec3 06 10.1075/la.208.00sec3 Section header 11 01 04 Part III. The focus potential of clefts Part III. The focus potential of clefts 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.08hed 06 10.1075/la.208.08hed 227 250 24 Article 12 01 04 Multiple focus and cleft sentences Multiple focus and cleft sentences 1 A01 01 JB code 267198392 Nancy Hedberg Hedberg, Nancy Nancy Hedberg Simon Fraser University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/267198392 01 eng 30 00

The information structure of English cleft sentences is discussed. A cleft sentence divides a proposition into two parts, which are interpreted as an exhaustive focus and a pragmatic presupposition. These two semantic components can be flexibly mapped onto the information structure categories of topic and comment to arrive at comment-topic (‘stressed focus’) clefts and topic-comment (‘informative presupposition’) clefts. Clefts thus introduce a cleft focus or even a pair of foci constructionally. They also exhibit an assertive (comment) focus, which may or may not correspond to the cleft focus. While only exclusive focus particles can associate with the cleft focus, additive and scalar focus particles can associate with the assertive focus in the cleft clause, thus giving rise to additional cleft sentences containing multiple instances of focus. Keywords: cleft; focus; presupposition; topic

01 01 JB code la.208.09mat 06 10.1075/la.208.09mat 251 268 18 Article 13 01 04 Recursion of FocP in Malayalam Recursion of FocP in Malayalam 1 A01 01 JB code 526198393 Rosmin Mathew Mathew, Rosmin Rosmin Mathew CASTL, Tromsø 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/526198393 01 eng 30 00

This paper attempts to look into Malayalam where both Identificational Focus and Information Focus are overtly represented. With the help of diagnostic tests for exhaustivity the paper argues that clefts in the language encode Exhaustive Identificational Focus. It has been shown by Jayaseelan (2001) that there is a Focus position above vP and below IP. It is argued here that while the language encodes Information Focus in this preverbal lower Focus position, Exhaustive Focus involves a higher C- level Focus position, thus manifesting different types of Focus in different domains. Keywords: Focus; recursion; exhaustivity; new information

01 01 JB code la.208.10mad 06 10.1075/la.208.10mad 269 284 16 Article 14 01 04 Multiple Wh-questions and the cleft construction in Malayalam Multiple Wh-questions and the cleft construction in Malayalam 1 A01 01 JB code 778198394 Punnapurath Madhavan Madhavan, Punnapurath Punnapurath Madhavan The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/778198394 01 eng 30 00

Wh-questions in Malayalam are usually clefts, with the wh-phrase occupying the cleft focus. An alternative to clefting the wh-element is to cleft the whole clause containing the wh. When there are multiple wh-phrases in the embedded clause, however, the only option is to cleft the embedded clause wholesale. Another interesting observation is that when there is potential scope ambiguity involving, say, a time adverbial like eppooL ‘when’, clefting of the whole clause versus clefting of the time adverbial is being resorted to as a means to disambiguate. The paper shows that a two-way distinction of languages, namely those which are wh-in-situ and those which are not, will not do justice to the array of facts, and that a more nuanced typological account is called for. Keywords: Clefts; wh-in-situ; scope ambiguity; question interpretation

01 01 JB code la.208.11hol 06 10.1075/la.208.11hol 285 318 34 Article 15 01 04 Cleft partitionings in Japanese, Burmese and Chinese Cleft partitionings in Japanese, Burmese and Chinese 1 A01 01 JB code 73198395 Daniel Hole Hole, Daniel Daniel Hole University of Stuttgart and University of Potsdam 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/73198395 2 A01 01 JB code 284198396 Malte Zimmermann Zimmermann, Malte Malte Zimmermann University of Stuttgart and University of Potsdam 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/284198396 01 eng 30 00

The article presents the first comparative overview and analysis of clefting and related focusing strategies involving clauses with nominalizers in three (South) East Asian languages: Japanese, Burmese, and Mandarin Chinese. The three languages exhibit parametric variation as to whether focusing requires the overt partitioning into a focused cleft constituent and a background clause with a nominalizer (Mandarin) or not (Japanese, Burmese). A major finding is that syntactic partitioning is brought about in two different ways in the languages under discussion: Base-generated clefts (Japanese, Burmese) vs. movement clefts (Japanese, Mandarin). Semantically, cleft structures come with an exhaustive interpretation in all three languages. We hypothesize that, crosslinguistically, syntactic partitioning is a necessary, though not a sufficient condition for exhaustiveness effects with focus. Keywords: Cleft; exhaustiveness; partitioning; shì…de-cleft; nominalizer; East Asian; South East Asian; Mandarin Chinese; Burmese; Japanese

01 01 JB code la.208.12sle 06 10.1075/la.208.12sle 319 342 24 Article 16 01 04 Italian clefts and the licensing of infinitival subject relatives Italian clefts and the licensing of infinitival subject relatives 1 A01 01 JB code 556198397 Petra Sleeman Sleeman, Petra Petra Sleeman University of Amsterdam 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/556198397 01 eng 30 00

This paper investigates the licensing of infinitival subject relative clauses by clefted constituents. It is claimed that in Italian clefted constituents license infinitival subject relatives because in this language clefts function as contrastive foci. This claim is supported by the syntactic analysis of the position of clefted constituents that license infinitival subject relatives in Italian. It is argued that they occupy a left-peripheral Focus position in the clause. On the basis of extraction data, it is argued that the infinitival subject relative itself is a complement. Keywords: cleft; infinitival relative clause; contrastive focus; Italian; left-periphery

01 01 JB code la.208.13lan 06 10.1075/la.208.13lan 343 344 2 Article 17 01 04 Language index Language index 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.14sub 06 10.1075/la.208.14sub 345 348 4 Article 18 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/la.208 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20131128 C 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027255914 WORLD 09 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 https://jbe-platform.com 29 https://jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027271129 21 01 00 Unqualified price 02 99.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 02 83.00 GBP GB 01 00 Unqualified price 02 149.00 USD
805007768 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LA 208 Hb 15 9789027255914 06 10.1075/la.208 13 2013032682 00 BB 01 245 mm 02 164 mm 08 780 gr 10 01 JB code LA 02 0166-0829 02 208.00 01 02 Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 01 01 Cleft Structures Cleft Structures 1 B01 01 JB code 178107367 Katharina Hartmann Hartmann, Katharina Katharina Hartmann Universität Wien 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/178107367 2 B01 01 JB code 268107368 Tonjes Veenstra Veenstra, Tonjes Tonjes Veenstra ZAS Berlin 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/268107368 01 eng 11 356 03 03 viii 03 00 348 03 01 23 415 03 2013 P291 04 Generative grammar. 04 Grammar, Comparative and general--Syntax. 10 LAN009000 12 CFK 24 JB code LIN.GENER Generative linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 01 06 02 00 The phenomenon of clefts is beyond doubt a golden oldie. this volume presents new arguments for the proper derivation of clefts, and contributes to the ongoing debate on the information-structural impact of cleft structures. 03 00 The phenomenon of clefts is beyond doubt a golden oldie. It has captivated linguists of different disciplines for decades. The fascination arises from the unique syntax of clefts in interaction with their pragmatic and semantic interpretation. Clefts structure sentences according to the information state of the constituents contained in them. They are special as they exhibit a rather uncommon syntactic form to achieve the separation of the prominent part, either focal or topical, from the background of the clause. Despite the long-lasting interest in clefts, linguists have not yet come to an agreement on many basic questions. The articles contained in this volume address these issues from new theoretical and empirical perspectives. Based on data from about 50 languages from all over the world, this volume presents new arguments for the proper derivation of clefts, and contributes to the ongoing debate on the information-structural impact of cleft structures. Theoretically, it combines modern syntactic theorizing with investigations at the interface between grammar and information-structure. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/la.208.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027255914.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027255914.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/la.208.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/la.208.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/la.208.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/la.208.hb.png 01 01 JB code la.208.001loc 06 10.1075/la.208.001loc vii viii 2 Article 1 01 04 List of contributors List of contributors 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.01har 06 10.1075/la.208.01har 1 32 32 Article 2 01 04 Introduction Introduction 1 A01 01 JB code 71198382 Katharina Hartmann Hartmann, Katharina Katharina Hartmann University of Vienna and ZAS Berlin 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/71198382 2 A01 01 JB code 3198383 Tonjes Veenstra Veenstra, Tonjes Tonjes Veenstra University of Vienna and ZAS Berlin 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/3198383 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.00sec1 06 10.1075/la.208.00sec1 Section header 3 01 04 Part I. Specificational/predicational clefts Part I. Specificational/predicational clefts 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.02dik 06 10.1075/la.208.02dik 35 70 36 Article 4 01 04 Predication and specification in the syntax of cleft sentences Predication and specification in the syntax of cleft sentences 1 A01 01 JB code 443198384 Marcel Dikken Dikken, Marcel Marcel Dikken CUNY Graduate Center 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/443198384 01 eng 30 00

This paper reviews the differences between predicational and specificational copular sentences in the realm of (pseudo-)cleft constructions, and proposes an analysis which treats the it of specificational it-clefts as a pro-predicate that inverts with its subject in the course of the syntactic derivation. In contrastive-focus it-clefts, the sentence-final relative clause is a right-dislocated headless relative dependent on a formal licensing relationship with the operator inside the relative clause and a content-licensing relationship with the focus. This dual licensing dependency explains the restrictions on the distribution of which as the relative clause operator in contrastive-focus it-clefts. Continuous-topic it-clefts are structurally assimilated to pseudorelative constructions, which accounts for the restrictions on the realisation of the left periphery of their relative clause. Keywords: it-cleft; predication; specification; headless relative; asyndetic specification

01 01 JB code la.208.03ald 06 10.1075/la.208.03ald 71 96 26 Article 5 01 04 Wh-clefts and verb-initial word order in Austronesian languages Wh-clefts and verb-initial word order in Austronesian languages 1 A01 01 JB code 206198385 Edith Aldridge Aldridge, Edith Edith Aldridge University of Washington 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/206198385 01 eng 30 00

Wh-questions are formed on clefts in many Austronesian languages, a fact which is generally assumed to be related to their verb-initial basic word order. What is less clear is the precise relationship between verb-initial word order and the cleft strategy for questions. This paper proposes that the derivation of clefts is parallel to the derivation of basic word order in VOS languages. The absolutive DP is analyzed as a topic and moves to the left periphery of the clause. Following this, the remnant clause is fronted to a higher focus position. I further show how this parallelism accounts for certain distinguishing characteristics of clefts in Austronesian languages. Keywords: Cleft; wh-question; verb-initial word order; predicate-fronting; Austronesian

01 01 JB code la.208.04fra 06 10.1075/la.208.04fra 97 138 42 Article 6 01 04 (Pseudo)clefts at the syntax-prosody-discourse interface (Pseudo)clefts at the syntax-prosody-discourse interface 1 A01 01 JB code 559198386 Mara Frascarelli Frascarelli, Mara Mara Frascarelli Università degli Studi Roma Tre 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/559198386 2 A01 01 JB code 750198387 Francesca Ramaglia Ramaglia, Francesca Francesca Ramaglia Università degli Studi Roma Tre 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/750198387 01 eng 30 00

This paper proposes an interface approach to (pseudo)cleft constructions, in which their semantic, syntactic, discourse and intonational properties are examined in a cross-linguistic perspective. Following most influential studies, the relevant constructions are analyzed as specificational copular sentences, in which the two major constituents – a (free) relative DP and the (to be) focused phrase – are merged in a SC structure. However, based on formal evidence and discourse considerations, we take the clefted constituent to be merged as the predicate of the relevant construction, thus departing from the general view. Finally, (pseudo)clefts are also shown to imply a Topic strategy. This proposal is substantiated by intonational investigation, showing a crucial correlation between tonal events and the information-structural articulation activated by clefting. Keywords: Focus; interface; (pseudo)clefts; specificational copular sentences; (different types of) Topic(s)

01 01 JB code la.208.00sec2 06 10.1075/la.208.00sec2 Section header 7 01 04 Part II. Monoclausal/biclausal analyses Part II. Monoclausal/biclausal analyses 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.05che 06 10.1075/la.208.05che 141 164 24 Article 8 01 04 Clefts in Durban Zulu Clefts in Durban Zulu 1 A01 01 JB code 42198388 Lisa Lai-Shen Cheng Cheng, Lisa Lai-Shen Lisa Lai-Shen Cheng Leiden University and Göteborg University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/42198388 2 A01 01 JB code 353198389 Laura J. Downing Downing, Laura J. Laura J. Downing Leiden University and Göteborg University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/353198389 01 eng 30 00

In this paper, we argue that clefts in Zulu have a bipartite structure: a copular sentence with an adjoined DP/clause. This structure accounts for the prosody of clefts. Each constituent is parsed into a separate Intonation Phrase by the independently motivated phrasing algorithm of Zulu. It also accounts for the syntactic properties of Zulu clefts. We further argue that the nature of agreement in Zulu copular sentences support a pronominal predicate analysis. Keywords: Prosody of clefts; copular sentences; pronominal predicate

01 01 JB code la.208.06rev 06 10.1075/la.208.06rev 165 186 22 Article 9 01 04 The cleft pronoun and cleft clause in English The cleft pronoun and cleft clause in English 1 A01 01 JB code 604198390 Matthew Reeve Reeve, Matthew Matthew Reeve University College London 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/604198390 01 eng 30 00

In this paper I argue against both ‘specificational’ and ‘expletive’ analyses of English clefts. I provide new evidence that the cleft pronoun it is non-expletive, and that the cleft clause is interpreted as a discontinuous definite description with it, as under specificational analyses. On the other hand, I argue that specificational analyses are mistaken in positing a syntactic modification relationship between the cleft clause and it. Rather, the evidence shows that the cleft clause behaves in all relevant ways as if it is a syntactic modifier of the clefted XP. Keywords: cleft constructions; relative clauses; copular sentences; definite descriptions.

01 01 JB code la.208.07tor 06 10.1075/la.208.07tor 187 224 38 Article 10 01 04 The morphosyntax of wolof clefts The morphosyntax of wolof clefts 01 04 Structure and movement Structure and movement 1 A01 01 JB code 941198391 Harold Torrence Torrence, Harold Harold Torrence University of Kansas 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/941198391 01 eng 30 00

This paper examines the structure and derivation of cleft clauses in the Atlantic language Wolof, which possesses distinct clefts for subjects and nonsubjects. I argue that the clefts are based on two syntactically distinct copular constructions. In the subject cleft, the copula occurs with a TPstructure. In the nonsubject cleft, the copula occurs with a CPlike structure. In terms of derivation, I argue that Wolof clefts involve overt movement of the clefted constituent, not base generation. I show that Wolof clefts are islandsensitive using general and Wolofspecific tests. I then present evidence from a number of reconstruction tests that converge on the conclusion that clefted items in Wolof undergo A’movement. Keywords: A’- movement; wh-movement; reconstruction; copula; cleft; focus; left periphery; Niger-Congo; Atlantic

01 01 JB code la.208.00sec3 06 10.1075/la.208.00sec3 Section header 11 01 04 Part III. The focus potential of clefts Part III. The focus potential of clefts 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.08hed 06 10.1075/la.208.08hed 227 250 24 Article 12 01 04 Multiple focus and cleft sentences Multiple focus and cleft sentences 1 A01 01 JB code 267198392 Nancy Hedberg Hedberg, Nancy Nancy Hedberg Simon Fraser University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/267198392 01 eng 30 00

The information structure of English cleft sentences is discussed. A cleft sentence divides a proposition into two parts, which are interpreted as an exhaustive focus and a pragmatic presupposition. These two semantic components can be flexibly mapped onto the information structure categories of topic and comment to arrive at comment-topic (‘stressed focus’) clefts and topic-comment (‘informative presupposition’) clefts. Clefts thus introduce a cleft focus or even a pair of foci constructionally. They also exhibit an assertive (comment) focus, which may or may not correspond to the cleft focus. While only exclusive focus particles can associate with the cleft focus, additive and scalar focus particles can associate with the assertive focus in the cleft clause, thus giving rise to additional cleft sentences containing multiple instances of focus. Keywords: cleft; focus; presupposition; topic

01 01 JB code la.208.09mat 06 10.1075/la.208.09mat 251 268 18 Article 13 01 04 Recursion of FocP in Malayalam Recursion of FocP in Malayalam 1 A01 01 JB code 526198393 Rosmin Mathew Mathew, Rosmin Rosmin Mathew CASTL, Tromsø 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/526198393 01 eng 30 00

This paper attempts to look into Malayalam where both Identificational Focus and Information Focus are overtly represented. With the help of diagnostic tests for exhaustivity the paper argues that clefts in the language encode Exhaustive Identificational Focus. It has been shown by Jayaseelan (2001) that there is a Focus position above vP and below IP. It is argued here that while the language encodes Information Focus in this preverbal lower Focus position, Exhaustive Focus involves a higher C- level Focus position, thus manifesting different types of Focus in different domains. Keywords: Focus; recursion; exhaustivity; new information

01 01 JB code la.208.10mad 06 10.1075/la.208.10mad 269 284 16 Article 14 01 04 Multiple Wh-questions and the cleft construction in Malayalam Multiple Wh-questions and the cleft construction in Malayalam 1 A01 01 JB code 778198394 Punnapurath Madhavan Madhavan, Punnapurath Punnapurath Madhavan The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/778198394 01 eng 30 00

Wh-questions in Malayalam are usually clefts, with the wh-phrase occupying the cleft focus. An alternative to clefting the wh-element is to cleft the whole clause containing the wh. When there are multiple wh-phrases in the embedded clause, however, the only option is to cleft the embedded clause wholesale. Another interesting observation is that when there is potential scope ambiguity involving, say, a time adverbial like eppooL ‘when’, clefting of the whole clause versus clefting of the time adverbial is being resorted to as a means to disambiguate. The paper shows that a two-way distinction of languages, namely those which are wh-in-situ and those which are not, will not do justice to the array of facts, and that a more nuanced typological account is called for. Keywords: Clefts; wh-in-situ; scope ambiguity; question interpretation

01 01 JB code la.208.11hol 06 10.1075/la.208.11hol 285 318 34 Article 15 01 04 Cleft partitionings in Japanese, Burmese and Chinese Cleft partitionings in Japanese, Burmese and Chinese 1 A01 01 JB code 73198395 Daniel Hole Hole, Daniel Daniel Hole University of Stuttgart and University of Potsdam 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/73198395 2 A01 01 JB code 284198396 Malte Zimmermann Zimmermann, Malte Malte Zimmermann University of Stuttgart and University of Potsdam 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/284198396 01 eng 30 00

The article presents the first comparative overview and analysis of clefting and related focusing strategies involving clauses with nominalizers in three (South) East Asian languages: Japanese, Burmese, and Mandarin Chinese. The three languages exhibit parametric variation as to whether focusing requires the overt partitioning into a focused cleft constituent and a background clause with a nominalizer (Mandarin) or not (Japanese, Burmese). A major finding is that syntactic partitioning is brought about in two different ways in the languages under discussion: Base-generated clefts (Japanese, Burmese) vs. movement clefts (Japanese, Mandarin). Semantically, cleft structures come with an exhaustive interpretation in all three languages. We hypothesize that, crosslinguistically, syntactic partitioning is a necessary, though not a sufficient condition for exhaustiveness effects with focus. Keywords: Cleft; exhaustiveness; partitioning; shì…de-cleft; nominalizer; East Asian; South East Asian; Mandarin Chinese; Burmese; Japanese

01 01 JB code la.208.12sle 06 10.1075/la.208.12sle 319 342 24 Article 16 01 04 Italian clefts and the licensing of infinitival subject relatives Italian clefts and the licensing of infinitival subject relatives 1 A01 01 JB code 556198397 Petra Sleeman Sleeman, Petra Petra Sleeman University of Amsterdam 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/556198397 01 eng 30 00

This paper investigates the licensing of infinitival subject relative clauses by clefted constituents. It is claimed that in Italian clefted constituents license infinitival subject relatives because in this language clefts function as contrastive foci. This claim is supported by the syntactic analysis of the position of clefted constituents that license infinitival subject relatives in Italian. It is argued that they occupy a left-peripheral Focus position in the clause. On the basis of extraction data, it is argued that the infinitival subject relative itself is a complement. Keywords: cleft; infinitival relative clause; contrastive focus; Italian; left-periphery

01 01 JB code la.208.13lan 06 10.1075/la.208.13lan 343 344 2 Article 17 01 04 Language index Language index 01 eng 01 01 JB code la.208.14sub 06 10.1075/la.208.14sub 345 348 4 Article 18 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/la.208 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20131128 C 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD WORLD US CA MX 09 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 21 10 14 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 99.00 EUR 02 00 Unqualified price 02 83.00 01 Z 0 GBP GB US CA MX 01 01 JB 2 John Benjamins Publishing Company +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 21 10 14 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 149.00 USD
974015032 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LA 208 GE 15 9789027271129 06 10.1075/la.208 00 EA E133 10 01 JB code LA 02 JB code 0166-0829 02 208.00 01 02 Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 01 01 Cleft Structures Cleft Structures 1 B01 01 JB code 178107367 Katharina Hartmann Hartmann, Katharina Katharina Hartmann Universität Wien 2 B01 01 JB code 268107368 Tonjes Veenstra Veenstra, Tonjes Tonjes Veenstra ZAS Berlin 01 eng 11 356 03 03 viii 03 00 348 03 24 JB code LIN.GENER Generative linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 10 LAN009000 12 CFK 01 06 02 00 The phenomenon of clefts is beyond doubt a golden oldie. this volume presents new arguments for the proper derivation of clefts, and contributes to the ongoing debate on the information-structural impact of cleft structures. 03 00 The phenomenon of clefts is beyond doubt a golden oldie. It has captivated linguists of different disciplines for decades. The fascination arises from the unique syntax of clefts in interaction with their pragmatic and semantic interpretation. Clefts structure sentences according to the information state of the constituents contained in them. They are special as they exhibit a rather uncommon syntactic form to achieve the separation of the prominent part, either focal or topical, from the background of the clause. Despite the long-lasting interest in clefts, linguists have not yet come to an agreement on many basic questions. The articles contained in this volume address these issues from new theoretical and empirical perspectives. Based on data from about 50 languages from all over the world, this volume presents new arguments for the proper derivation of clefts, and contributes to the ongoing debate on the information-structural impact of cleft structures. Theoretically, it combines modern syntactic theorizing with investigations at the interface between grammar and information-structure. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/la.208.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027255914.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027255914.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/la.208.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/la.208.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/la.208.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/la.208.hb.png 01 01 JB code la.208.001loc 06 10.1075/la.208.001loc vii viii 2 Article 1 01 04 List of contributors List of contributors 01 01 JB code la.208.01har 06 10.1075/la.208.01har 1 32 32 Article 2 01 04 Introduction Introduction 1 A01 01 JB code 71198382 Katharina Hartmann Hartmann, Katharina Katharina Hartmann University of Vienna and ZAS Berlin 2 A01 01 JB code 3198383 Tonjes Veenstra Veenstra, Tonjes Tonjes Veenstra University of Vienna and ZAS Berlin 01 01 JB code la.208.00sec1 06 10.1075/la.208.00sec1 Section header 3 01 04 Part I. Specificational/predicational clefts Part I. Specificational/predicational clefts 01 01 JB code la.208.02dik 06 10.1075/la.208.02dik 35 70 36 Article 4 01 04 Predication and specification in the syntax of cleft sentences Predication and specification in the syntax of cleft sentences 1 A01 01 JB code 443198384 Marcel Dikken Dikken, Marcel Marcel Dikken CUNY Graduate Center 01 01 JB code la.208.03ald 06 10.1075/la.208.03ald 71 96 26 Article 5 01 04 Wh-clefts and verb-initial word order in Austronesian languages Wh-clefts and verb-initial word order in Austronesian languages 1 A01 01 JB code 206198385 Edith Aldridge Aldridge, Edith Edith Aldridge University of Washington 01 01 JB code la.208.04fra 06 10.1075/la.208.04fra 97 138 42 Article 6 01 04 (Pseudo)clefts at the syntax-prosody-discourse interface (Pseudo)clefts at the syntax-prosody-discourse interface 1 A01 01 JB code 559198386 Mara Frascarelli Frascarelli, Mara Mara Frascarelli Università degli Studi Roma Tre 2 A01 01 JB code 750198387 Francesca Ramaglia Ramaglia, Francesca Francesca Ramaglia Università degli Studi Roma Tre 01 01 JB code la.208.00sec2 06 10.1075/la.208.00sec2 Section header 7 01 04 Part II. Monoclausal/biclausal analyses Part II. Monoclausal/biclausal analyses 01 01 JB code la.208.05che 06 10.1075/la.208.05che 141 164 24 Article 8 01 04 Clefts in Durban Zulu Clefts in Durban Zulu 1 A01 01 JB code 42198388 Lisa Lai-Shen Cheng Cheng, Lisa Lai-Shen Lisa Lai-Shen Cheng Leiden University and Göteborg University 2 A01 01 JB code 353198389 Laura J. Downing Downing, Laura J. Laura J. Downing Leiden University and Göteborg University 01 01 JB code la.208.06rev 06 10.1075/la.208.06rev 165 186 22 Article 9 01 04 The cleft pronoun and cleft clause in English The cleft pronoun and cleft clause in English 1 A01 01 JB code 604198390 Matthew Reeve Reeve, Matthew Matthew Reeve University College London 01 01 JB code la.208.07tor 06 10.1075/la.208.07tor 187 224 38 Article 10 01 04 The morphosyntax of wolof clefts The morphosyntax of wolof clefts 01 04 Structure and movement Structure and movement 1 A01 01 JB code 941198391 Harold Torrence Torrence, Harold Harold Torrence University of Kansas 01 01 JB code la.208.00sec3 06 10.1075/la.208.00sec3 Section header 11 01 04 Part III. The focus potential of clefts Part III. The focus potential of clefts 01 01 JB code la.208.08hed 06 10.1075/la.208.08hed 227 250 24 Article 12 01 04 Multiple focus and cleft sentences Multiple focus and cleft sentences 1 A01 01 JB code 267198392 Nancy Hedberg Hedberg, Nancy Nancy Hedberg Simon Fraser University 01 01 JB code la.208.09mat 06 10.1075/la.208.09mat 251 268 18 Article 13 01 04 Recursion of FocP in Malayalam Recursion of FocP in Malayalam 1 A01 01 JB code 526198393 Rosmin Mathew Mathew, Rosmin Rosmin Mathew CASTL, Tromsø 01 01 JB code la.208.10mad 06 10.1075/la.208.10mad 269 284 16 Article 14 01 04 Multiple Wh-questions and the cleft construction in Malayalam Multiple Wh-questions and the cleft construction in Malayalam 1 A01 01 JB code 778198394 Punnapurath Madhavan Madhavan, Punnapurath Punnapurath Madhavan The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad 01 01 JB code la.208.11hol 06 10.1075/la.208.11hol 285 318 34 Article 15 01 04 Cleft partitionings in Japanese, Burmese and Chinese Cleft partitionings in Japanese, Burmese and Chinese 1 A01 01 JB code 73198395 Daniel Hole Hole, Daniel Daniel Hole University of Stuttgart and University of Potsdam 2 A01 01 JB code 284198396 Malte Zimmermann Zimmermann, Malte Malte Zimmermann University of Stuttgart and University of Potsdam 01 01 JB code la.208.12sle 06 10.1075/la.208.12sle 319 342 24 Article 16 01 04 Italian clefts and the licensing of infinitival subject relatives Italian clefts and the licensing of infinitival subject relatives 1 A01 01 JB code 556198397 Petra Sleeman Sleeman, Petra Petra Sleeman University of Amsterdam 01 01 JB code la.208.13lan 06 10.1075/la.208.13lan 343 344 2 Article 17 01 04 Language index Language index 01 01 JB code la.208.14sub 06 10.1075/la.208.14sub 345 348 4 Article 18 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20131128 C 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027255914 WORLD 03 01 JB 17 Google 03 https://play.google.com/store/books 21 01 00 Unqualified price 00 99.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 00 83.00 GBP 01 00 Unqualified price 00 149.00 USD