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Epistemological issue with keynote article “Different speakers, different grammars: Individual differences in native language attainment” by Ewa Dabrowska
[Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 2:3] 2012
► pp. 219–253
keynote-epistemological-article

Different speakers, different grammars

Individual differences in native language attainment

| Northumbria University

This article reviews several recent studies suggesting that — contrary to a widespread belief — adult monolingual native speakers of the same language do not share the same mental grammar. The studies examined various aspects of linguistic knowledge, including inflectional morphology, passives, quantifiers, and more complex constructions with subordinate clauses. The findings suggest that, in some cases, language learners attend to different cues in the input and end up with different grammars; in others, some speakers extract only fairly specific, ‘local’ generalizations which apply to particular subclasses of items while others acquire more abstract rules which apply ‘across the board’. At least some of these differences are education-related: more educated speakers appear to acquire more general rules, possibly as a result of more varied linguistic experience. These findings have interesting consequences for research on bilingualism, particularly for research on ultimate attainment in second language acquisition, as well as important methodological implications for all language sciences.

Keywords: individual differences, ultimate attainment, first language acquisition, second language acquisition, academic achievement, passive, quantifier, subordination, inflectional morphology
Article outline
  • Polish genitive singular masculine inflection
  • Polish dative singular inflection
  • Four complex English constructions
  • Passives
  • Quantifiers, and passives again
  • Competence or performance?
  • Reasons for individual differences
  • Conclusion
  • Notes
  • References
Published online: 7 September 2012
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/lab.2.3.01dab
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Kirsch, Simon, Carolin Elser, Elena Barbieri, Dorothee Kümmerer, Cornelius Weiller & Mariacristina Musso
2022. Syntax Acquisition in Healthy Adults and Post-Stroke Individuals: The Intriguing Role of Grammatical Preference, Statistical Learning, and Education. Brain Sciences 12:5 ► pp. 616 ff. DOI logo
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2023. L1 Grammatical Gender Variation through the Representation in the Lexicon. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 52:2 ► pp. 359 ff. DOI logo
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2020. Individual differences in discourse priming. Belgian Journal of Linguistics 34 ► pp. 186 ff. DOI logo
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2016. On the Shallow Processing (Dis)Advantage: Grammar and Economy. Frontiers in Psychology 7 DOI logo
Krause, Elif, Tanja Rinker & Carsten Eulitz
2020. Chapter 7. Investigating the effects of L1 proficiency and CLI. In Studies in Turkish as a Heritage Language [Studies in Bilingualism, 60], ► pp. 127 ff. DOI logo
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2016. Factors Affecting Grammatical and Lexical Complexity of Long-Term L2 Speakers’ Oral Proficiency. Language Learning 66:2 ► pp. 354 ff. DOI logo
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2017. Psychology is not primarily Empirical Science: A Comparison of Cultures in the Lexical Hypothesis Tradition as a Failure of Introspection. Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science 51:2 ► pp. 285 ff. DOI logo
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2020. Chapter 4. The effects of heritage language experience on lexical and morphosyntactic outcomes. In Studies in Turkish as a Heritage Language [Studies in Bilingualism, 60], ► pp. 63 ff. DOI logo
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2020. How usage-based approaches to language can contribute to a unified theory of heritage grammars. Linguistics Vanguard 6:1 DOI logo
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2017. Gradual development of constructional complexity in German spatial language. Cognitive Linguistics 28:4 DOI logo
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2016. Modelling verb selection within argument structure constructions. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 31:10 ► pp. 1215 ff. DOI logo
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2021. Diversity and divergence in bilingual acquisition. Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft 40:1 ► pp. 65 ff. DOI logo
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2022. /r/-sandhi in the speech of Queen Elizabeth II. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 52:2 ► pp. 246 ff. DOI logo
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2021. Consistency in Motion Event Encoding Across Languages. Frontiers in Psychology 12 DOI logo
Mäkilähde, Aleksi
2019. Norms of correctness and rationality in research on code-switching. In Normativity in Language and Linguistics [Studies in Language Companion Series, 209], ► pp. 235 ff. DOI logo
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2023. A Theory of Linguistic Individuality for Authorship Analysis, DOI logo
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Noël, Dirk
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2022. ON COMPLEXITY AND DIVERGENCE IN HERITAGE LANGUAGE GRAMMARS. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 44:3 ► pp. 818 ff. DOI logo
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2023. The role of interactional and cognitive mechanisms in the evolution of (proto)language(s). Lingua 282 ► pp. 103458 ff. DOI logo
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2022. A Usage-Based Approach to Pattern Finding: The Traceback Method Meets Code-Mixing. Languages 7:2 ► pp. 135 ff. DOI logo
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2021. Entrenchment effects in code-mixing: individual differences in German-English bilingual children. Cognitive Linguistics 32:2 ► pp. 319 ff. DOI logo
Ramsey, Rachel E.
2022. Individual differences in word senses. Cognitive Linguistics 33:1 ► pp. 65 ff. DOI logo
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2014. A Prolegomenon to the Construct of the Native Speaker: Heritage Speaker Bilinguals are Natives Too!. Applied Linguistics 35:1 ► pp. 93 ff. DOI logo
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2019. Formal Linguistic Approaches to Adult L2 Acquisition and Processing. In The Cambridge Handbook of Language Learning, ► pp. 13 ff. DOI logo
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Sanches de Oliveira, Guilherme & Maggie Bullock Oliveira
2022. Bilingualism is always cognitively advantageous, but this doesn’t mean what you think it means. Frontiers in Psychology 13 DOI logo
Schmid, Monika S.
2016. Multi-factorial Studies: Populations and Linguistic Features. In Designing Research on Bilingual Development [SpringerBriefs in Linguistics, ], ► pp. 13 ff. DOI logo
Shadrova, Anna, Pia Linscheid, Julia Lukassek, Anke Lüdeling & Sarah Schneider
2021. A Challenge for Contrastive L1/L2 Corpus Studies: Large Inter- and Intra-Individual Variation Across Morphological, but Not Global Syntactic Categories in Task-Based Corpus Data of a Homogeneous L1 German Group. Frontiers in Psychology 12 DOI logo
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2020. More lexically-specific knowledge and individual differences in adult native speakers' processing of the English passive. Language Sciences 78 ► pp. 101254 ff. DOI logo
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SUN, HE, BIN YIN, NUR FARINA BEGUM BINTE AMSAH & BETH ANN O'BRIEN
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