117007432 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LALD 48 Hb 15 9789027253095 06 10.1075/lald.48 13 2008050227 00 BB 01 245 mm 02 164 mm 08 705 gr 10 01 JB code LALD 02 0925-0123 02 48.00 01 02 Language Acquisition and Language Disorders Language Acquisition and Language Disorders 01 01 Minimal Answers Ellipsis, syntax and discourse in the acquisition of European Portuguese Minimal Answers: Ellipsis, syntax and discourse in the acquisition of European Portuguese 1 A01 01 JB code 692101831 Ana Lúcia Santos Santos, Ana Lúcia Ana Lúcia Santos University of Lisbon 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/692101831 01 eng 11 314 03 03 xv 03 00 296 03 01 22 469 03 2009 PC5044.85 04 Portuguese language--Acquisition. 04 Language acquisition. 04 Portuguese language--Portugal. 04 Children--Language. 10 LAN009000 12 CFDC 24 JB code LIN.DISC Discourse studies 24 JB code LIN.LA Language acquisition 24 JB code LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 24 JB code LIN.ROM Romance linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 01 06 03 00 This book offers a new contribution to the debate concerning the acquisition of the syntax-discourse interface. It provides evidence that children acquiring European Portuguese have a very early ability to spontaneously produce VP ellipsis as answers to yes-no questions. It is also argued that the distribution of VP ellipsis in European Portuguese (including its co-existence with Null Complement Anaphora) supports the hypothesis that the identification condition on ellipsis is derivable from some innate knowledge of the syntax-discourse interface. Answers to yes-no questions also provide evidence concerning children’s interpretation of questions containing a cleft or the operator ‘only’. The analysis of spontaneous production is complemented by a comprehension experiment, showing that children have two problems in the interpretation of these questions: (i) they do not understand that the cleft and introduce a presupposition and (ii) they start with a default focus assignment strategy and may not access other focus interpretations. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/lald.48.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027253095.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027253095.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/lald.48.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/lald.48.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/lald.48.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/lald.48.hb.png 01 01 JB code lald.48.001tab 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xi xii 2 Miscellaneous 1 01 04 List of tables List of tables 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.002fig 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xii xii 1 Miscellaneous 2 01 04 List of figures List of figures 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.003pre 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xiii xiv 2 Miscellaneous 3 01 04 Preface Preface 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.004abb 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xv xv 1 Miscellaneous 4 01 04 Abbreviations used in glosses Abbreviations used in glosses 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.01int 06 10.1075/lald.48.01int 1 20 20 Article 5 01 04 Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 1. Introduction 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.02vpe 06 10.1075/lald.48.02vpe 21 112 92 Article 6 01 04 Chapter 2. VPE and the structural and anaphoric properties of minimal answers in EP adult grammar Chapter 2. VPE and the structural and anaphoric properties of minimal answers in EP adult grammar 01 eng 03 00

In this chapter, I establish to what extent we find ellipsis in discourse fragments such as answers to yes-no questions in EP adult grammar. I argue that some types of answers to yes-no questions in EP are cases of ellipsis and others are cases of deep anaphora in the sense of Hankamer and Sag (1976). e cases of ellipsis, more precisely VPE, are central in this dissertation. I therefore start by presenting some novel evidence in support of Matos' (1992) claim that EP has V-stranding VPE, which is a type of VPE that exists in Hebrew and Irish (Doron, 1999; McCloskey, 1991; Goldberg, 2005). Since, in EP, many sentences are ambiguous between VPE and null object or between VPE and null complement anaphora, I establish the difierences between these constructions. e discussion developed at that point sets the background for the discussion of the learnability problem posed by VPE in EP, as presented in Chapter 3. At the end of this chapter, I discuss the licensing and identification conditions on VPE in more detail. e discussion of the identifica-tion conditions on VPE, along the lines of Merchant (2001), asserts the notion of givenness as central to the understanding of ellipsis; it also defines to what extent ellipsis interacts with focus. Again, only in Chapter 3 I define the relevance of this discussion for the study of language acquisition.

01 01 JB code lald.48.03lea 06 10.1075/lald.48.03lea 113 136 24 Article 7 01 04 Chapter 3. Learnability issues in VPE and focus Chapter 3. Learnability issues in VPE and focus 01 eng 03 00

In the preceding chapter, I showed that VPE is a complex issue, involving syntactic licensing conditions and discourse/semantic identification conditions. If understood as deletion, along the lines of recent work, it involves the PF interface and therefore the syntax/phonology interface. By its discourse properties, VPE indirectly relates to focus. In this chapter, I present the main questions for acquisition that are raised by what we know about VPE and its interaction with focus, I report the results of preceding research on the acquisition of VPE and focus, and I define the working hypotheses of this dissertation.

01 01 JB code lald.48.04how 06 10.1075/lald.48.04how 137 224 88 Article 8 01 04 Chapter 4. How early can VPE be found? Chapter 4. How early can VPE be found? 01 eng 03 00

In this chapter, I argue that EP offers evidence that children are able to produce VPE very early on in the acquisition process. e evidence comes from verbal answers to yes-no questions, a context of VPE in root clauses which does not involve coordination.

01 01 JB code lald.48.05ans 06 10.1075/lald.48.05ans 225 270 46 Article 9 01 04 Chapter 5. Answers as a window into the interpretation of questions Chapter 5. Answers as a window into the interpretation of questions 01 eng 03 00

In the previous chapter, I reported that children sometimes fail to give the right affrmative answer when the question has a cleft or the focus marker s only in preverbal position. Children give a verbal answer to these questions instead of the required sim yes or SER be answers. At that point, the discussion was left open as to whether the problem was children's comprehension of the structure of a verbal answer or their comprehension of the question. is chapter presents the results of a small experiment designed to obtain an answer to this particular question.

01 01 JB code lald.48.06con 06 10.1075/lald.48.06con 271 282 12 Article 10 01 04 Chapter 6. Conclusions Chapter 6. Conclusions 01 eng 03 00

In this chapter, I present a summary of the main results presented in the preceding chapters. I also point to issues left for future research.

01 01 JB code lald.48.07ref 06 10.1075/lald.48.07ref 283 293 11 Miscellaneous 11 01 04 References References 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.12sub 06 10.1075/lald.48.12sub 295 296 2 Miscellaneous 12 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/lald.48 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20090311 C 2009 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD WORLD US CA MX 09 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 21 16 20 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 105.00 EUR 02 00 Unqualified price 02 88.00 01 Z 0 GBP GB US CA MX 01 01 JB 2 John Benjamins Publishing Company +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 21 16 20 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 158.00 USD
318013539 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LALD 48 GE 15 9789027289766 06 10.1075/lald.48 00 EA E133 10 01 JB code LALD 02 JB code 0925-0123 02 48.00 01 02 Language Acquisition and Language Disorders Language Acquisition and Language Disorders 01 01 Minimal Answers Minimal Answers 1 A01 01 JB code 692101831 Ana Lúcia Santos Santos, Ana Lúcia Ana Lúcia Santos University of Lisbon 01 eng 11 314 03 03 xv 03 00 296 03 24 JB code LIN.DISC Discourse studies 24 JB code LIN.LA Language acquisition 24 JB code LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 24 JB code LIN.ROM Romance linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 10 LAN009000 12 CFDC 01 06 03 00 This book offers a new contribution to the debate concerning the acquisition of the syntax-discourse interface. It provides evidence that children acquiring European Portuguese have a very early ability to spontaneously produce VP ellipsis as answers to yes-no questions. It is also argued that the distribution of VP ellipsis in European Portuguese (including its co-existence with Null Complement Anaphora) supports the hypothesis that the identification condition on ellipsis is derivable from some innate knowledge of the syntax-discourse interface. Answers to yes-no questions also provide evidence concerning children’s interpretation of questions containing a cleft or the operator ‘only’. The analysis of spontaneous production is complemented by a comprehension experiment, showing that children have two problems in the interpretation of these questions: (i) they do not understand that the cleft and introduce a presupposition and (ii) they start with a default focus assignment strategy and may not access other focus interpretations. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/lald.48.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027253095.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027253095.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/lald.48.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/lald.48.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/lald.48.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/lald.48.hb.png 01 01 JB code lald.48.001tab 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xi xii 2 Miscellaneous 1 01 04 List of tables List of tables 01 01 JB code lald.48.002fig 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xii xii 1 Miscellaneous 2 01 04 List of figures List of figures 01 01 JB code lald.48.003pre 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xiii xiv 2 Miscellaneous 3 01 04 Preface Preface 01 01 JB code lald.48.004abb 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xv xv 1 Miscellaneous 4 01 04 Abbreviations used in glosses Abbreviations used in glosses 01 01 JB code lald.48.01int 06 10.1075/lald.48.01int 1 20 20 Article 5 01 04 Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 1. Introduction 01 01 JB code lald.48.02vpe 06 10.1075/lald.48.02vpe 21 112 92 Article 6 01 04 Chapter 2. VPE and the structural and anaphoric properties of minimal answers in EP adult grammar Chapter 2. VPE and the structural and anaphoric properties of minimal answers in EP adult grammar 01 01 JB code lald.48.03lea 06 10.1075/lald.48.03lea 113 136 24 Article 7 01 04 Chapter 3. Learnability issues in VPE and focus Chapter 3. Learnability issues in VPE and focus 01 01 JB code lald.48.04how 06 10.1075/lald.48.04how 137 224 88 Article 8 01 04 Chapter 4. How early can VPE be found? Chapter 4. How early can VPE be found? 01 01 JB code lald.48.05ans 06 10.1075/lald.48.05ans 225 270 46 Article 9 01 04 Chapter 5. Answers as a window into the interpretation of questions Chapter 5. Answers as a window into the interpretation of questions 01 01 JB code lald.48.06con 06 10.1075/lald.48.06con 271 282 12 Article 10 01 04 Chapter 6. Conclusions Chapter 6. Conclusions 01 01 JB code lald.48.07ref 06 10.1075/lald.48.07ref 283 293 11 Miscellaneous 11 01 04 References References 01 01 JB code lald.48.12sub 06 10.1075/lald.48.12sub 295 296 2 Miscellaneous 12 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20090311 C 2009 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027253095 WORLD 03 01 JB 17 Google 03 https://play.google.com/store/books 21 01 00 Unqualified price 00 105.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 00 88.00 GBP 01 00 Unqualified price 00 158.00 USD 519007433 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LALD 48 Eb 15 9789027289766 06 10.1075/lald.48 00 EA E107 10 01 JB code LALD 02 0925-0123 02 48.00 01 02 Language Acquisition and Language Disorders Language Acquisition and Language Disorders 11 01 JB code jbe-all 01 02 Full EBA collection (ca. 4,200 titles) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-all 01 02 Complete backlist (3,208 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Complete backlist (1967–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-lald 01 02 Language Acquisition and Language Disorders (vols. 1–58, 1989–2015) 05 02 LALD (vols. 1–58, 1989–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-linguistics 01 02 Subject collection: Linguistics (2,773 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Linguistics (1967–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-pragmatics 01 02 Subject collection: Pragmatics (804 titles, 1978–2015) 05 02 Pragmatics (1978–2015) 01 01 Minimal Answers Ellipsis, syntax and discourse in the acquisition of European Portuguese Minimal Answers: Ellipsis, syntax and discourse in the acquisition of European Portuguese 1 A01 01 JB code 692101831 Ana Lúcia Santos Santos, Ana Lúcia Ana Lúcia Santos University of Lisbon 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/692101831 01 eng 11 314 03 03 xv 03 00 296 03 01 22 469 03 2009 PC5044.85 04 Portuguese language--Acquisition. 04 Language acquisition. 04 Portuguese language--Portugal. 04 Children--Language. 10 LAN009000 12 CFDC 24 JB code LIN.DISC Discourse studies 24 JB code LIN.LA Language acquisition 24 JB code LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 24 JB code LIN.ROM Romance linguistics 24 JB code LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB code LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 01 06 03 00 This book offers a new contribution to the debate concerning the acquisition of the syntax-discourse interface. It provides evidence that children acquiring European Portuguese have a very early ability to spontaneously produce VP ellipsis as answers to yes-no questions. It is also argued that the distribution of VP ellipsis in European Portuguese (including its co-existence with Null Complement Anaphora) supports the hypothesis that the identification condition on ellipsis is derivable from some innate knowledge of the syntax-discourse interface. Answers to yes-no questions also provide evidence concerning children’s interpretation of questions containing a cleft or the operator ‘only’. The analysis of spontaneous production is complemented by a comprehension experiment, showing that children have two problems in the interpretation of these questions: (i) they do not understand that the cleft and introduce a presupposition and (ii) they start with a default focus assignment strategy and may not access other focus interpretations. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/lald.48.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027253095.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027253095.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/lald.48.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/lald.48.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/lald.48.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/lald.48.hb.png 01 01 JB code lald.48.001tab 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xi xii 2 Miscellaneous 1 01 04 List of tables List of tables 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.002fig 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xii xii 1 Miscellaneous 2 01 04 List of figures List of figures 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.003pre 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xiii xiv 2 Miscellaneous 3 01 04 Preface Preface 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.004abb 06 10.1075/lald.48.00tab xv xv 1 Miscellaneous 4 01 04 Abbreviations used in glosses Abbreviations used in glosses 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.01int 06 10.1075/lald.48.01int 1 20 20 Article 5 01 04 Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 1. Introduction 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.02vpe 06 10.1075/lald.48.02vpe 21 112 92 Article 6 01 04 Chapter 2. VPE and the structural and anaphoric properties of minimal answers in EP adult grammar Chapter 2. VPE and the structural and anaphoric properties of minimal answers in EP adult grammar 01 eng 03 00

In this chapter, I establish to what extent we find ellipsis in discourse fragments such as answers to yes-no questions in EP adult grammar. I argue that some types of answers to yes-no questions in EP are cases of ellipsis and others are cases of deep anaphora in the sense of Hankamer and Sag (1976). e cases of ellipsis, more precisely VPE, are central in this dissertation. I therefore start by presenting some novel evidence in support of Matos' (1992) claim that EP has V-stranding VPE, which is a type of VPE that exists in Hebrew and Irish (Doron, 1999; McCloskey, 1991; Goldberg, 2005). Since, in EP, many sentences are ambiguous between VPE and null object or between VPE and null complement anaphora, I establish the difierences between these constructions. e discussion developed at that point sets the background for the discussion of the learnability problem posed by VPE in EP, as presented in Chapter 3. At the end of this chapter, I discuss the licensing and identification conditions on VPE in more detail. e discussion of the identifica-tion conditions on VPE, along the lines of Merchant (2001), asserts the notion of givenness as central to the understanding of ellipsis; it also defines to what extent ellipsis interacts with focus. Again, only in Chapter 3 I define the relevance of this discussion for the study of language acquisition.

01 01 JB code lald.48.03lea 06 10.1075/lald.48.03lea 113 136 24 Article 7 01 04 Chapter 3. Learnability issues in VPE and focus Chapter 3. Learnability issues in VPE and focus 01 eng 03 00

In the preceding chapter, I showed that VPE is a complex issue, involving syntactic licensing conditions and discourse/semantic identification conditions. If understood as deletion, along the lines of recent work, it involves the PF interface and therefore the syntax/phonology interface. By its discourse properties, VPE indirectly relates to focus. In this chapter, I present the main questions for acquisition that are raised by what we know about VPE and its interaction with focus, I report the results of preceding research on the acquisition of VPE and focus, and I define the working hypotheses of this dissertation.

01 01 JB code lald.48.04how 06 10.1075/lald.48.04how 137 224 88 Article 8 01 04 Chapter 4. How early can VPE be found? Chapter 4. How early can VPE be found? 01 eng 03 00

In this chapter, I argue that EP offers evidence that children are able to produce VPE very early on in the acquisition process. e evidence comes from verbal answers to yes-no questions, a context of VPE in root clauses which does not involve coordination.

01 01 JB code lald.48.05ans 06 10.1075/lald.48.05ans 225 270 46 Article 9 01 04 Chapter 5. Answers as a window into the interpretation of questions Chapter 5. Answers as a window into the interpretation of questions 01 eng 03 00

In the previous chapter, I reported that children sometimes fail to give the right affrmative answer when the question has a cleft or the focus marker s only in preverbal position. Children give a verbal answer to these questions instead of the required sim yes or SER be answers. At that point, the discussion was left open as to whether the problem was children's comprehension of the structure of a verbal answer or their comprehension of the question. is chapter presents the results of a small experiment designed to obtain an answer to this particular question.

01 01 JB code lald.48.06con 06 10.1075/lald.48.06con 271 282 12 Article 10 01 04 Chapter 6. Conclusions Chapter 6. Conclusions 01 eng 03 00

In this chapter, I present a summary of the main results presented in the preceding chapters. I also point to issues left for future research.

01 01 JB code lald.48.07ref 06 10.1075/lald.48.07ref 283 293 11 Miscellaneous 11 01 04 References References 01 eng 01 01 JB code lald.48.12sub 06 10.1075/lald.48.12sub 295 296 2 Miscellaneous 12 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/lald.48 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20090311 C 2009 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027253095 WORLD 09 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 https://jbe-platform.com 29 https://jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027289766 21 01 00 Unqualified price 02 105.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 02 88.00 GBP GB 01 00 Unqualified price 02 158.00 USD