878031108 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LALD 71 Eb 15 9789027243874 06 10.1075/lald.71 13 2026005836 DG 002 02 01 LALD 02 0925-0123 Language Acquisition and Language Disorders 71 01 lald.71 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/lald.71 1 B01 Tania Ionin Ionin, Tania Tania Ionin University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2 B01 Silvina Montrul Montrul, Silvina Silvina Montrul University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 01 eng 395 vi 389 LAN009070 v.2006 CFDM 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.GENER Generative linguistics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.LA Language acquisition 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.BIL Multilingualism 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 06 01 This volume contains a representative sample of studies presented at the 17th meeting of the Generative Approaches to Second Language Acquisition conference (GASLA-17). The chapters explore new frontiers, and make connections between second language acquisition, bilingualism, psycholinguistic methods, and computational methods. The chapters ask theoretically informed questions about the underlying grammars of language learners and bilinguals, use experimental methods to arrive at answers to those questions, and consider the value of using ‘big data’ to address questions in generative second language acquisition. This volume is intended for scholars and students of generative second language acquisition and related fields. It builds on prior literature by addressing the acquisition of a variety of phenomena (in syntax, semantics, pragmatics and phonology), by a variety of populations, and using a variety of data collection methods. 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/lald.71.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027234179.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027234179.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/lald.71.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/lald.71.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/lald.71.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/lald.71.hb.png 10 01 JB code lald.71.prelim i iv 4 Prelim pages 1 10 01 JB code lald.71.toc v vi 2 Table of contents 2 10 01 JB code lald.71.intro 1 6 6 Chapter 3 1 A01 Tania Ionin Ionin, Tania Tania Ionin University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2 A01 Silvina Montrul Montrul, Silvina Silvina Montrul University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 10 01 JB code lald.71.p1 Section header 4 10 01 JB code lald.71.01tak 8 32 25 Chapter 5 1 A01 Kasumi Takahashi Takahashi, Kasumi Kasumi Takahashi University of Tsukuba 2 A01 Yuichi Ono Ono, Yuichi Yuichi Ono University of Tsukuba 20 anti-locality 20 Japanese learners of English 20 L2 development 20 the adverb effect 20 the that-trace effect 01 This study examines whether Japanese learners of English (JLEs) can acquire universal constraints on syntactic movement (e.g., anti-locality), focusing on the <i>that</i>-trace effect and its amelioration effects through adverbial intervention (i.e., the adverb effect). Two acceptability judgment experiments were conducted to investigate JLEs’ sensitivity to these effects across proficiency levels. The results showed that JLEs are sensitive to <i>that</i>-trace violations and adverb effects with increased English proficiency. In addition, more proficient learners showed a preference for null complementizers over overt <i>that</i>, a pattern consistent with English native speakers. These findings suggest that the anti-locality constraint is operative in the L2 grammar of JLEs, supporting the Full Access view of second language acquisition. 10 01 JB code lald.71.02whi 33 50 18 Chapter 6 1 A01 Lydia White White, Lydia Lydia White McGill University 2 A01 Heather Goad Goad, Heather Heather Goad McGill University 3 A01 Guilherme Duarte Garcia Garcia, Guilherme Duarte Guilherme Duarte Garcia Université Laval 4 A01 Natália Brambatti Guzzo Guzzo, Natália Brambatti Natália Brambatti Guzzo Université Laval 5 A01 Liz Smeets Smeets, Liz Liz Smeets York University 6 A01 Jiajia Su Su, Jiajia Jiajia Su Beijing Foreign Studies University 20 L2 English 20 pronoun interpretation 20 prosody 20 stress 01 We examine pronoun interpretation in an overt subject language (English) by L2 learners from a null subject L1 (Italian), using a task where participants choose potential antecedents for pronouns in bi-clausal sentences which manipulate presence or absence of stress on the pronoun and presence or absence of a pause between clauses. Results show that learners are sensitive to the overturning effect of stress, resulting in a shift away from an antecedent prominent in the discourse, but that native speakers are not. Sensitivity for the learners may arise from prosodic properties of their null subject L1; lack of sensitivity for the native speakers may suggest that prosody alone is insufficient to influence antecedent choice for speakers from overt subject languages and that richer contextual cues are required. 10 01 JB code lald.71.03bor 51 73 23 Chapter 7 1 A01 Burcu Boran Boran, Burcu Burcu Boran York University 2 A01 Liz Smeets Smeets, Liz Liz Smeets York University 20 binding 20 English 20 pronouns 20 reflexives 20 Turkish 01 This study explores the subset — superset relation between English and Turkish through the L2 acquisition of reflexives in both languages. The objective is to investigate whether L2 learners can achieve target-like interpretations of reflexives regardless of their L1 structures or whether they exhibit a universal preference for a specific antecedent type. Unlike English reflexives, Turkish reflexives <i>kendi</i> </span> and <i>kendisi</i> </span> allow both local and non-local binding. The study involved two native speaker groups, and two learner groups: 24 English learners of Turkish, and 24 Turkish learners of English. Results from a Truth Value Judgment Task and a Picture Description Task reveal that both learner groups prefer the local antecedent over the nonlocal one, suggesting that the local readings serve as the default option in the L2 acquisition of reflexives. 10 01 JB code lald.71.04xu 74 100 27 Chapter 8 1 A01 Baorui Xu Xu, Baorui Baorui Xu University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 2 A01 Theres Grüter Grüter, Theres Theres Grüter University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 3 A01 Bonnie D. Schwartz Schwartz, Bonnie D. Bonnie D. Schwartz University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 20 English 20 Mandarin 20 positive evidence 20 quantifiers 20 scope 20 second language acquisition 01 English doubly-quantified sentences such as <i>A boy climbed every tree</i> allow both a surface reading (one particular boy climbed every tree) and an inverse reading (every tree was climbed by a (different) boy); the latter reading, by contrast, is not allowed in Mandarin analogues and has repeatedly been found to be unavailable in English to L1-Mandarin learners of English. This study investigated whether stories that — in light of real-world knowledge — support only the inverse reading of doubly-quantified sentences can stimulate acquisition of that reading. We found no evidence for acquisition: While L1-Mandarin learners of English accepted the inverse reading when it was the only plausible interpretation, they did not extend this acceptance to sentences in contexts supporting both surface and inverse readings. 10 01 JB code lald.71.05oku 101 128 28 Chapter 9 1 A01 Tokiko Okuma Okuma, Tokiko Tokiko Okuma Ritsumeikan University 20 English 20 L2 Japanese 20 Mandarin 20 negated disjunction and conjunction 20 scope assignment 01 This study investigated the interpretations of Japanese negated disjunctions and conjunctions by L1-English and L1-Mandarin learners of L2-Japanese. Negated disjunctions and conjunctions have different interpretations in English as opposed to Japanese and Mandarin. The results of a Truth Value Judgment Task show that L1-Mandarin L2-Japanese learners had more target-like interpretations than L1-English L2-Japanese learners, suggesting L1 transfer. L1-English L2-Japanese learners had more difficulty with Japanese negated disjunctions than conjunctions, contrary to predictions based on learnability. L1-English L2-Japanese learners also had difficulty with another form of Japanese negated disjunction. From these results, I argue that the cognitive complexity of negated disjunctions is a potential delaying factor in the acquisition of their correct interpretations. 10 01 JB code lald.71.06lee 129 152 24 Chapter 10 1 A01 Youngin Lee Lee, Youngin Youngin Lee University of Hawai‘i 20 Korean 20 language acquisition 20 negated disjunction 20 scope assignment 01 This study examines how adult native and nonnative Korean speakers interpret negated disjunction, inspired by Grüter, Lieberman, and Gualmini (2010). Using a novel methodology with controlled prosody and the prediction mode of the truth-value judgment task, we tested Korean native speakers and two nonnative Korean groups — L1-English and L1-Japanese learners of Korean. Results confirm that Korean native speakers predominantly accept a conjunctive reading, with limited acceptance of a disjunctive reading. Similarly, nonnative speakers prefer the conjunctive reading, with no strong evidence of L1 transfer or proficiency effects, though some advanced L1-Japanese learners of Korean display an L1-like behavior. These findings suggest that while both interpretations are available in Korean, their acceptance differs, with a clear preference for the conjunctive reading. 10 01 JB code lald.71.07sta 153 175 23 Chapter 11 1 A01 Glenn Starr Starr, Glenn Glenn Starr University of Wisconsin — Milwaukee 20 attentional control 20 inhibitory control 20 QUD 20 scalar implicature 20 second language acquisition 01 This study investigates how second language (L2) learners and native speakers interpret pragmatically underinformative responses involving the quantifier <i>some</i>, and how their interpretations are influenced by the preceding question under discussion (QUD). Specifically, it examines how QUD cues containing <i>all</i> or <i>any</i> shape expectations for scalar implicatures. While <i>all</i> primes an upper-bound (not all) interpretation, <i>any</i> supports a lower-bound (at least some) reading. Both L2 learners and native speakers showed sensitivity to these contextual cues, adjusting their interpretation of <i>some</i> accordingly. However, only L2 learners’ sensitivity to the QUD was modulated by individual differences in inhibitory control. These findings suggest that aspects of executive function facilitate learners’ ability to integrate contextual information, thereby supporting L2 comprehension of pragmatic inferences. 10 01 JB code lald.71.p2 177 1 Section header 12 10 01 JB code lald.71.08alo 178 202 25 Chapter 13 1 A01 Vanesa Alonso González Alonso González, Vanesa Vanesa Alonso González University of Ottawa 2 A01 Juana M. Liceras Liceras, Juana M. Juana M. Liceras University of Ottawa 20 bilingual language acquisition 20 poverty of stimulus. 20 Spanish modal constructions 01 We investigate two superficially similar constructions in Spanish: modal periphrases as in <i>podemos salir</i> </span> (we can leave) and nominal infinitival clauses as in <i>deseamos salir</i> </span> (we wish to leave). The absence of a superficial structural contrast (inflected verb form followed by an infinitive), together with the semantic complexity conveyed by modality and the grammatical constraints which differentiate these constructions, could interfere with their acquisition. To address whether non-Spanish dominant bilinguals can distinguish between them, we administered a Grammaticality Judgment Task to three groups of adult English–Spanish bilinguals with different linguistic backgrounds. Results showed no significant differences between the groups, which leads us to propose that this outcome constitutes evidence in favor of the poverty of the stimulus argument. 10 01 JB code lald.71.09tig 203 229 27 Chapter 14 1 A01 Amelia Tighe Tighe, Amelia Amelia Tighe University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign 20 bilingualism 20 code-switching 20 filled pauses 20 filler words 20 psycholinguistics 01 Previous research has found a correlation between code-switching and filler words in corpus analyses of bilingual speech. To examine this correlation, 22 high-proficiency English-Spanish bilinguals completed a picture-based oral narrative task with one of three conditions — using only English or Spanish or switching freely (Mixed condition). In the Mixed condition, phrases containing a code-switch were significantly more likely to contain filler words. Speakers in the Mixed condition used significantly more filler words than the Spanish-only condition, despite using majority-Spanish utterances. These results support the correlation between filler words and code-switching, demonstrate that code-switching itself does not increase filler word use, and offer evidence that speakers’ filler word patterns are influenced by both languages when permitted to code-switch. 10 01 JB code lald.71.10mer 230 254 25 Chapter 15 1 A01 Luisa Meroni Meroni, Luisa Luisa Meroni Utrecht University 2 A01 Mona Hashemi Nejad Nejad, Mona Hashemi Mona Hashemi Nejad Utrecht University 3 A01 Andrea Gualmini Gualmini, Andrea Andrea Gualmini Utrecht University 20 bilingual compound verbs (BCVs) 20 code-switching 20 grammatical category constraint 20 lexical access 20 non-finite verb forms 01 The present study investigates bilingual compound verbs (hereafter BCVs), verbs in which the components of a verbal compound come from the two languages of a bilingual speaker. We investigate to what extent grammatical category constrains the items occurring in the production of BCVs by Persian-Dutch bilinguals. Previous studies on BCVs reported that nominal constituents are often replaced by a verb from the other language, contrary to the grammatical category constraint (see Purmohammad, Vorwerg, &#38; Abutaleb, 2022). Our study investigates whether these observations also apply to BCVs in Persian-Dutch bilinguals. Our results suggest that the grammatical category constraint is not violated, as subjects are sensitive to the nominal features of non-finite verbs, and that the grammatical category constraint should be refined rather than abandoned. 10 01 JB code lald.71.p3 255 1 Section header 16 10 01 JB code lald.71.11bra 256 278 23 Chapter 17 1 A01 Hunter Brakovec Brakovec, Hunter Hunter Brakovec Indiana University 20 artificial language 20 L3 acquisition 20 property-by-property transfer 20 response profiles 20 wholesale transfer 01 This study tests the predictions of several third language (L3) wholesale and property-by-property transfer models regarding the use of morphosyntactic cues and language dominance/use for determining transfer source. L1 German-L2 English and L1 English-L2 German bilinguals were exposed to one of two Korean-based input conditions that varied in morphosyntactic similarity to each of the learners’ previously acquired grammars. Participants then completed production and judgment tasks in Korean for properties not evidenced in the input during the familiarization phase. Results suggest a primary role for morphosyntactic cues and a secondary role for language use. Additionally, more evidence of ‘mixed’ responses in the judgment than the production task suggests support for a ‘Grappling Period’. Results are most compatible with property-by-property transfer. 10 01 JB code lald.71.12bra 279 301 23 Chapter 18 1 A01 Hunter Brakovec Brakovec, Hunter Hunter Brakovec Indiana University 2 A01 Michael Iverson Iverson, Michael Michael Iverson Indiana University 3 A01 Jeanne McGill McGill, Jeanne Jeanne McGill Indiana University 4 A01 Bonnie D. Schwartz Schwartz, Bonnie D. Bonnie D. Schwartz University of Hawai‘i 5 A01 Rex A. Sprouse Sprouse, Rex A. Rex A. Sprouse Indiana University 20 artificial language 20 bimodal distributions 20 L3 acquisition 20 property-by-property transfer 20 response profiles 20 wholesale transfer 01 We re-examine a recent contribution by Mitrofanova, Leivada, and Westergaard (2023) to the debate on wholesale vs. property-by-property transfer in L3 acquisition. They argued that results from their artificial-language experiment support the Linguistic Proximity Model (LPM) because in three of four conditions, the L3-Russian-Norwegian group’s mean acceptance fell ‘between’ those of the L2-Russian and L2-Norwegian groups. Our reanalysis of their original data reveals that those ‘between’ results stem from bimodal/continuous distributions, not from unimodal distributions centering around a ‘between’ result. We next inspected each individual’s cross-conditional response patterns, grouping them into response profiles, to test three logically possible versions of LPM-generated predictions. Qualitative analyses show all three fail. We end with a methodological discussion of testing for transfer in L3 models. 10 01 JB code lald.71.13vel 302 330 29 Chapter 19 1 A01 Marta Velnić Velnić, Marta Marta Velnić NTNU — Norwegian University of Science and Technology 2 A01 Roumyana Slabakova Slabakova, Roumyana Roumyana Slabakova University of Southampton | UiT — The Arctic University of Norway 3 A01 Anne Dahl Dahl, Anne Anne Dahl NTNU — Norwegian University of Science and Technology | UiT — The Arctic University of Norway 20 article systems 20 characterizing reading 20 genericity 20 kind reading 20 L3 acquisition 20 type-denoting reading 01 This study examines the acquisition of singular generic expressions in L3 Norwegian. Using a contextualized Acceptability Judgment Task, we tested generic markers, known for their polysemy. Norwegian generics align partially with both Polish and English, allowing the target speakers to master genericity in L3 Norwegian via their previously acquired languages. Two L1-user groups were tested: English and Polish. The Polish learners were further split into immersive (residing in Norway) and instructed (residing in Poland) groups. No acquisition was observed in the instructed group. Evidence of cross-linguistic influence from English was established in the immersive group. We conclude that both the participants’ native language (Polish vs. English) and the degree of exposure (immersive vs. instructed) influenced the L3 acquisition process. 10 01 JB code lald.71.14nel 331 357 27 Chapter 20 1 A01 Brett C. Nelson Nelson, Brett C. Brett C. Nelson Mount Royal University 2 A01 Antonio A. González Poot González Poot, Antonio A. Antonio A. González Poot Universidad Autónoma de Campeche 3 A01 John Archibald Archibald, John John Archibald University of Victoria 4 A01 Darin Flynn Flynn, Darin Darin Flynn University of Calgary 20 dimensions 20 enhancement 20 laryngeals 20 phonetics 20 phonology 01 This chapter explores the L2/L3 acquisition of Mayan ejectives from multiple languages. Proceeding from the dimensional framework of Avery and Idsardi (2001), we lay out a unified analysis of the phonological acquisition of Yucatec Maya by Spanish speakers, Kaqchikel by Spanish-English speakers, and Q’eqchi’ by English speakers. Both Spanish and English phonologies provide for a path to acquisition of glottalized consonants through their respective contrastive dimensions. Through phonetic completion and enhancement, learners redeploy knowledge of other laryngeal dimensions to successfully acquire sounds which L1 users of the target languages represent with Larynx Height, a dimension not utilized in the learners’ known language(s). Thus, language learners develop non-targetlike grammars that adequately map novel contrasts through the constraints provided by Universal Grammar. 10 01 JB code lald.71.p4 359 1 Section header 21 10 01 JB code lald.71.15ale 360 383 24 Chapter 22 1 A01 Theodora Alexopoulou Alexopoulou, Theodora Theodora Alexopoulou University of Cambridge 20 big data 20 learner corpora 20 morphosyntax 01 I consider the potential research value of Big Educational Language Learning (BELL) data, that is, data generated in teaching and assessment environments as part of the everyday operations of relevant organizations and institutions. Online language learning and assessment has created unprecedented opportunities for the collection of large and diverse samples of learner data across proficiency, for a variety of tasks and from learners with variable linguistic and educational backgrounds. I argue that, thanks to their size and diverse samples, BELL data can support multi-factor empirical investigations that are not easily feasible through lab-based or small-scale field studies. Importantly, they enable the investigation of several abstract features in a single design, contributing essential empirical evidence for feature-based hypotheses and accounts of L2 acquisition, complementing experimental investigations. 10 01 JB code lald.71.li 385 1 Index 23 10 01 JB code lald.71.ti 387 389 3 Index 24 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20260421 2026 John Benjamins B.V. 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027234179 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 jbe-platform.com 09 WORLD 20 01 00 140.00 EUR R 01 00 118.00 GBP Z 01 gen 00 182.00 USD S 170031107 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code LALD 71 Hb 15 9789027234179 13 2026005835 BB 01 LALD 02 0925-0123 Language Acquisition and Language Disorders 71 01 lald.71 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/lald.71 1 B01 Tania Ionin Ionin, Tania Tania Ionin University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2 B01 Silvina Montrul Montrul, Silvina Silvina Montrul University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 01 eng 395 vi 389 LAN009070 v.2006 CFDM 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.GENER Generative linguistics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.LA Language acquisition 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.BIL Multilingualism 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.SYNTAX Syntax 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 06 01 This volume contains a representative sample of studies presented at the 17th meeting of the Generative Approaches to Second Language Acquisition conference (GASLA-17). The chapters explore new frontiers, and make connections between second language acquisition, bilingualism, psycholinguistic methods, and computational methods. The chapters ask theoretically informed questions about the underlying grammars of language learners and bilinguals, use experimental methods to arrive at answers to those questions, and consider the value of using ‘big data’ to address questions in generative second language acquisition. This volume is intended for scholars and students of generative second language acquisition and related fields. It builds on prior literature by addressing the acquisition of a variety of phenomena (in syntax, semantics, pragmatics and phonology), by a variety of populations, and using a variety of data collection methods. 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/lald.71.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027234179.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027234179.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/lald.71.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/lald.71.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/lald.71.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/lald.71.hb.png 10 01 JB code lald.71.prelim i iv 4 Prelim pages 1 10 01 JB code lald.71.toc v vi 2 Table of contents 2 10 01 JB code lald.71.intro 1 6 6 Chapter 3 1 A01 Tania Ionin Ionin, Tania Tania Ionin University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2 A01 Silvina Montrul Montrul, Silvina Silvina Montrul University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 10 01 JB code lald.71.p1 Section header 4 10 01 JB code lald.71.01tak 8 32 25 Chapter 5 1 A01 Kasumi Takahashi Takahashi, Kasumi Kasumi Takahashi University of Tsukuba 2 A01 Yuichi Ono Ono, Yuichi Yuichi Ono University of Tsukuba 20 anti-locality 20 Japanese learners of English 20 L2 development 20 the adverb effect 20 the that-trace effect 01 This study examines whether Japanese learners of English (JLEs) can acquire universal constraints on syntactic movement (e.g., anti-locality), focusing on the <i>that</i>-trace effect and its amelioration effects through adverbial intervention (i.e., the adverb effect). Two acceptability judgment experiments were conducted to investigate JLEs’ sensitivity to these effects across proficiency levels. The results showed that JLEs are sensitive to <i>that</i>-trace violations and adverb effects with increased English proficiency. In addition, more proficient learners showed a preference for null complementizers over overt <i>that</i>, a pattern consistent with English native speakers. These findings suggest that the anti-locality constraint is operative in the L2 grammar of JLEs, supporting the Full Access view of second language acquisition. 10 01 JB code lald.71.02whi 33 50 18 Chapter 6 1 A01 Lydia White White, Lydia Lydia White McGill University 2 A01 Heather Goad Goad, Heather Heather Goad McGill University 3 A01 Guilherme Duarte Garcia Garcia, Guilherme Duarte Guilherme Duarte Garcia Université Laval 4 A01 Natália Brambatti Guzzo Guzzo, Natália Brambatti Natália Brambatti Guzzo Université Laval 5 A01 Liz Smeets Smeets, Liz Liz Smeets York University 6 A01 Jiajia Su Su, Jiajia Jiajia Su Beijing Foreign Studies University 20 L2 English 20 pronoun interpretation 20 prosody 20 stress 01 We examine pronoun interpretation in an overt subject language (English) by L2 learners from a null subject L1 (Italian), using a task where participants choose potential antecedents for pronouns in bi-clausal sentences which manipulate presence or absence of stress on the pronoun and presence or absence of a pause between clauses. Results show that learners are sensitive to the overturning effect of stress, resulting in a shift away from an antecedent prominent in the discourse, but that native speakers are not. Sensitivity for the learners may arise from prosodic properties of their null subject L1; lack of sensitivity for the native speakers may suggest that prosody alone is insufficient to influence antecedent choice for speakers from overt subject languages and that richer contextual cues are required. 10 01 JB code lald.71.03bor 51 73 23 Chapter 7 1 A01 Burcu Boran Boran, Burcu Burcu Boran York University 2 A01 Liz Smeets Smeets, Liz Liz Smeets York University 20 binding 20 English 20 pronouns 20 reflexives 20 Turkish 01 This study explores the subset — superset relation between English and Turkish through the L2 acquisition of reflexives in both languages. The objective is to investigate whether L2 learners can achieve target-like interpretations of reflexives regardless of their L1 structures or whether they exhibit a universal preference for a specific antecedent type. Unlike English reflexives, Turkish reflexives <i>kendi</i> </span> and <i>kendisi</i> </span> allow both local and non-local binding. The study involved two native speaker groups, and two learner groups: 24 English learners of Turkish, and 24 Turkish learners of English. Results from a Truth Value Judgment Task and a Picture Description Task reveal that both learner groups prefer the local antecedent over the nonlocal one, suggesting that the local readings serve as the default option in the L2 acquisition of reflexives. 10 01 JB code lald.71.04xu 74 100 27 Chapter 8 1 A01 Baorui Xu Xu, Baorui Baorui Xu University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 2 A01 Theres Grüter Grüter, Theres Theres Grüter University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 3 A01 Bonnie D. Schwartz Schwartz, Bonnie D. Bonnie D. Schwartz University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 20 English 20 Mandarin 20 positive evidence 20 quantifiers 20 scope 20 second language acquisition 01 English doubly-quantified sentences such as <i>A boy climbed every tree</i> allow both a surface reading (one particular boy climbed every tree) and an inverse reading (every tree was climbed by a (different) boy); the latter reading, by contrast, is not allowed in Mandarin analogues and has repeatedly been found to be unavailable in English to L1-Mandarin learners of English. This study investigated whether stories that — in light of real-world knowledge — support only the inverse reading of doubly-quantified sentences can stimulate acquisition of that reading. We found no evidence for acquisition: While L1-Mandarin learners of English accepted the inverse reading when it was the only plausible interpretation, they did not extend this acceptance to sentences in contexts supporting both surface and inverse readings. 10 01 JB code lald.71.05oku 101 128 28 Chapter 9 1 A01 Tokiko Okuma Okuma, Tokiko Tokiko Okuma Ritsumeikan University 20 English 20 L2 Japanese 20 Mandarin 20 negated disjunction and conjunction 20 scope assignment 01 This study investigated the interpretations of Japanese negated disjunctions and conjunctions by L1-English and L1-Mandarin learners of L2-Japanese. Negated disjunctions and conjunctions have different interpretations in English as opposed to Japanese and Mandarin. The results of a Truth Value Judgment Task show that L1-Mandarin L2-Japanese learners had more target-like interpretations than L1-English L2-Japanese learners, suggesting L1 transfer. L1-English L2-Japanese learners had more difficulty with Japanese negated disjunctions than conjunctions, contrary to predictions based on learnability. L1-English L2-Japanese learners also had difficulty with another form of Japanese negated disjunction. From these results, I argue that the cognitive complexity of negated disjunctions is a potential delaying factor in the acquisition of their correct interpretations. 10 01 JB code lald.71.06lee 129 152 24 Chapter 10 1 A01 Youngin Lee Lee, Youngin Youngin Lee University of Hawai‘i 20 Korean 20 language acquisition 20 negated disjunction 20 scope assignment 01 This study examines how adult native and nonnative Korean speakers interpret negated disjunction, inspired by Grüter, Lieberman, and Gualmini (2010). Using a novel methodology with controlled prosody and the prediction mode of the truth-value judgment task, we tested Korean native speakers and two nonnative Korean groups — L1-English and L1-Japanese learners of Korean. Results confirm that Korean native speakers predominantly accept a conjunctive reading, with limited acceptance of a disjunctive reading. Similarly, nonnative speakers prefer the conjunctive reading, with no strong evidence of L1 transfer or proficiency effects, though some advanced L1-Japanese learners of Korean display an L1-like behavior. These findings suggest that while both interpretations are available in Korean, their acceptance differs, with a clear preference for the conjunctive reading. 10 01 JB code lald.71.07sta 153 175 23 Chapter 11 1 A01 Glenn Starr Starr, Glenn Glenn Starr University of Wisconsin — Milwaukee 20 attentional control 20 inhibitory control 20 QUD 20 scalar implicature 20 second language acquisition 01 This study investigates how second language (L2) learners and native speakers interpret pragmatically underinformative responses involving the quantifier <i>some</i>, and how their interpretations are influenced by the preceding question under discussion (QUD). Specifically, it examines how QUD cues containing <i>all</i> or <i>any</i> shape expectations for scalar implicatures. While <i>all</i> primes an upper-bound (not all) interpretation, <i>any</i> supports a lower-bound (at least some) reading. Both L2 learners and native speakers showed sensitivity to these contextual cues, adjusting their interpretation of <i>some</i> accordingly. However, only L2 learners’ sensitivity to the QUD was modulated by individual differences in inhibitory control. These findings suggest that aspects of executive function facilitate learners’ ability to integrate contextual information, thereby supporting L2 comprehension of pragmatic inferences. 10 01 JB code lald.71.p2 177 1 Section header 12 10 01 JB code lald.71.08alo 178 202 25 Chapter 13 1 A01 Vanesa Alonso González Alonso González, Vanesa Vanesa Alonso González University of Ottawa 2 A01 Juana M. Liceras Liceras, Juana M. Juana M. Liceras University of Ottawa 20 bilingual language acquisition 20 poverty of stimulus. 20 Spanish modal constructions 01 We investigate two superficially similar constructions in Spanish: modal periphrases as in <i>podemos salir</i> </span> (we can leave) and nominal infinitival clauses as in <i>deseamos salir</i> </span> (we wish to leave). The absence of a superficial structural contrast (inflected verb form followed by an infinitive), together with the semantic complexity conveyed by modality and the grammatical constraints which differentiate these constructions, could interfere with their acquisition. To address whether non-Spanish dominant bilinguals can distinguish between them, we administered a Grammaticality Judgment Task to three groups of adult English–Spanish bilinguals with different linguistic backgrounds. Results showed no significant differences between the groups, which leads us to propose that this outcome constitutes evidence in favor of the poverty of the stimulus argument. 10 01 JB code lald.71.09tig 203 229 27 Chapter 14 1 A01 Amelia Tighe Tighe, Amelia Amelia Tighe University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign 20 bilingualism 20 code-switching 20 filled pauses 20 filler words 20 psycholinguistics 01 Previous research has found a correlation between code-switching and filler words in corpus analyses of bilingual speech. To examine this correlation, 22 high-proficiency English-Spanish bilinguals completed a picture-based oral narrative task with one of three conditions — using only English or Spanish or switching freely (Mixed condition). In the Mixed condition, phrases containing a code-switch were significantly more likely to contain filler words. Speakers in the Mixed condition used significantly more filler words than the Spanish-only condition, despite using majority-Spanish utterances. These results support the correlation between filler words and code-switching, demonstrate that code-switching itself does not increase filler word use, and offer evidence that speakers’ filler word patterns are influenced by both languages when permitted to code-switch. 10 01 JB code lald.71.10mer 230 254 25 Chapter 15 1 A01 Luisa Meroni Meroni, Luisa Luisa Meroni Utrecht University 2 A01 Mona Hashemi Nejad Nejad, Mona Hashemi Mona Hashemi Nejad Utrecht University 3 A01 Andrea Gualmini Gualmini, Andrea Andrea Gualmini Utrecht University 20 bilingual compound verbs (BCVs) 20 code-switching 20 grammatical category constraint 20 lexical access 20 non-finite verb forms 01 The present study investigates bilingual compound verbs (hereafter BCVs), verbs in which the components of a verbal compound come from the two languages of a bilingual speaker. We investigate to what extent grammatical category constrains the items occurring in the production of BCVs by Persian-Dutch bilinguals. Previous studies on BCVs reported that nominal constituents are often replaced by a verb from the other language, contrary to the grammatical category constraint (see Purmohammad, Vorwerg, &#38; Abutaleb, 2022). Our study investigates whether these observations also apply to BCVs in Persian-Dutch bilinguals. Our results suggest that the grammatical category constraint is not violated, as subjects are sensitive to the nominal features of non-finite verbs, and that the grammatical category constraint should be refined rather than abandoned. 10 01 JB code lald.71.p3 255 1 Section header 16 10 01 JB code lald.71.11bra 256 278 23 Chapter 17 1 A01 Hunter Brakovec Brakovec, Hunter Hunter Brakovec Indiana University 20 artificial language 20 L3 acquisition 20 property-by-property transfer 20 response profiles 20 wholesale transfer 01 This study tests the predictions of several third language (L3) wholesale and property-by-property transfer models regarding the use of morphosyntactic cues and language dominance/use for determining transfer source. L1 German-L2 English and L1 English-L2 German bilinguals were exposed to one of two Korean-based input conditions that varied in morphosyntactic similarity to each of the learners’ previously acquired grammars. Participants then completed production and judgment tasks in Korean for properties not evidenced in the input during the familiarization phase. Results suggest a primary role for morphosyntactic cues and a secondary role for language use. Additionally, more evidence of ‘mixed’ responses in the judgment than the production task suggests support for a ‘Grappling Period’. Results are most compatible with property-by-property transfer. 10 01 JB code lald.71.12bra 279 301 23 Chapter 18 1 A01 Hunter Brakovec Brakovec, Hunter Hunter Brakovec Indiana University 2 A01 Michael Iverson Iverson, Michael Michael Iverson Indiana University 3 A01 Jeanne McGill McGill, Jeanne Jeanne McGill Indiana University 4 A01 Bonnie D. Schwartz Schwartz, Bonnie D. Bonnie D. Schwartz University of Hawai‘i 5 A01 Rex A. Sprouse Sprouse, Rex A. Rex A. Sprouse Indiana University 20 artificial language 20 bimodal distributions 20 L3 acquisition 20 property-by-property transfer 20 response profiles 20 wholesale transfer 01 We re-examine a recent contribution by Mitrofanova, Leivada, and Westergaard (2023) to the debate on wholesale vs. property-by-property transfer in L3 acquisition. They argued that results from their artificial-language experiment support the Linguistic Proximity Model (LPM) because in three of four conditions, the L3-Russian-Norwegian group’s mean acceptance fell ‘between’ those of the L2-Russian and L2-Norwegian groups. Our reanalysis of their original data reveals that those ‘between’ results stem from bimodal/continuous distributions, not from unimodal distributions centering around a ‘between’ result. We next inspected each individual’s cross-conditional response patterns, grouping them into response profiles, to test three logically possible versions of LPM-generated predictions. Qualitative analyses show all three fail. We end with a methodological discussion of testing for transfer in L3 models. 10 01 JB code lald.71.13vel 302 330 29 Chapter 19 1 A01 Marta Velnić Velnić, Marta Marta Velnić NTNU — Norwegian University of Science and Technology 2 A01 Roumyana Slabakova Slabakova, Roumyana Roumyana Slabakova University of Southampton | UiT — The Arctic University of Norway 3 A01 Anne Dahl Dahl, Anne Anne Dahl NTNU — Norwegian University of Science and Technology | UiT — The Arctic University of Norway 20 article systems 20 characterizing reading 20 genericity 20 kind reading 20 L3 acquisition 20 type-denoting reading 01 This study examines the acquisition of singular generic expressions in L3 Norwegian. Using a contextualized Acceptability Judgment Task, we tested generic markers, known for their polysemy. Norwegian generics align partially with both Polish and English, allowing the target speakers to master genericity in L3 Norwegian via their previously acquired languages. Two L1-user groups were tested: English and Polish. The Polish learners were further split into immersive (residing in Norway) and instructed (residing in Poland) groups. No acquisition was observed in the instructed group. Evidence of cross-linguistic influence from English was established in the immersive group. We conclude that both the participants’ native language (Polish vs. English) and the degree of exposure (immersive vs. instructed) influenced the L3 acquisition process. 10 01 JB code lald.71.14nel 331 357 27 Chapter 20 1 A01 Brett C. Nelson Nelson, Brett C. Brett C. Nelson Mount Royal University 2 A01 Antonio A. González Poot González Poot, Antonio A. Antonio A. González Poot Universidad Autónoma de Campeche 3 A01 John Archibald Archibald, John John Archibald University of Victoria 4 A01 Darin Flynn Flynn, Darin Darin Flynn University of Calgary 20 dimensions 20 enhancement 20 laryngeals 20 phonetics 20 phonology 01 This chapter explores the L2/L3 acquisition of Mayan ejectives from multiple languages. Proceeding from the dimensional framework of Avery and Idsardi (2001), we lay out a unified analysis of the phonological acquisition of Yucatec Maya by Spanish speakers, Kaqchikel by Spanish-English speakers, and Q’eqchi’ by English speakers. Both Spanish and English phonologies provide for a path to acquisition of glottalized consonants through their respective contrastive dimensions. Through phonetic completion and enhancement, learners redeploy knowledge of other laryngeal dimensions to successfully acquire sounds which L1 users of the target languages represent with Larynx Height, a dimension not utilized in the learners’ known language(s). Thus, language learners develop non-targetlike grammars that adequately map novel contrasts through the constraints provided by Universal Grammar. 10 01 JB code lald.71.p4 359 1 Section header 21 10 01 JB code lald.71.15ale 360 383 24 Chapter 22 1 A01 Theodora Alexopoulou Alexopoulou, Theodora Theodora Alexopoulou University of Cambridge 20 big data 20 learner corpora 20 morphosyntax 01 I consider the potential research value of Big Educational Language Learning (BELL) data, that is, data generated in teaching and assessment environments as part of the everyday operations of relevant organizations and institutions. Online language learning and assessment has created unprecedented opportunities for the collection of large and diverse samples of learner data across proficiency, for a variety of tasks and from learners with variable linguistic and educational backgrounds. I argue that, thanks to their size and diverse samples, BELL data can support multi-factor empirical investigations that are not easily feasible through lab-based or small-scale field studies. Importantly, they enable the investigation of several abstract features in a single design, contributing essential empirical evidence for feature-based hypotheses and accounts of L2 acquisition, complementing experimental investigations. 10 01 JB code lald.71.li 385 1 Index 23 10 01 JB code lald.71.ti 387 389 3 Index 24 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20260421 2026 John Benjamins B.V. 02 WORLD 08 850 gr 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 01 WORLD US CA MX 20 48 16 01 02 JB 1 00 140.00 EUR R 02 02 JB 1 00 148.40 EUR R 01 JB 10 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 GB 20 16 02 02 JB 1 00 118.00 GBP Z 01 JB 2 Casemate Academic 610-853-9131 610-853-9143 Girard.Kratz@casematepublishers.com 01 https://benjamins.com 02 US CA MX 20 16 01 gen 02 JB 1 00 182.00 USD