Cover not available
Article published In:
Language and Linguistics
Vol. 18:3 (2017) ► pp.327–354

西班牙語母語者之漢語簡單句的理解策略發展與習得

| National Taiwan Normal University
| National Taiwan Normal University

本文檢視漢語母語者、西班牙語母語者漢語初級及中高級學習者在理解具有不同生命性對比的名詞組之下的漢語主動賓句以及主題句時所採用的模式。結果發現在主動賓句方面，三組均將第一個名詞組當成施事、第二個名詞組當成受事（即 NVN 捷思法），而名詞生命性的對比影響不大。至於主題句的理解，漢語母語人士及中高級的學習者隨機猜測其中一個名詞組作為施事，而初級的學習者則多運用 NVN 捷思法處理之。這三組漢語使用者的理解模式，符應了語法優先假說：運用語法結構進行語句理解，雖然名詞組生命性的對比影響了主題句的理解，但其影響力未大過語法結構。

Keywords: 語句處理, 漢語, 語序, 有生命性, 西班牙語
Article outline
  • 1.前言
  • 2.理論框架與文獻探討
    • 2.1語法優先
    • 2.2競爭模型
    • 2.3漢語簡單句的處理
  • 3.研究問題
  • 4.實驗
    • 4.1受試者
    • 4.2實驗材料
    • 4.3實驗句子安排
    • 4.4實驗流程
  • 5.結果
    • 5.1三組漢語使用者的理解 NVN 以及 NNV
    • 5.2漢語母語者處理漢語
    • 5.3西班牙語母語者學習漢語
      • 5.3.1初級學習者處理漢語
      • 5.3.2中高級學習者處理漢語
  • 6.討論
  • 7.結論
  • 謝辭
  • 筆記
  • 參考文獻
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.

For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at [email protected].

Published online: 31 July 2017
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.18.3.01che
References

參考文獻

Bates, Elizabeth, & Brian MacWhinney
1982 Functionalist approaches to grammar. Language Acquisition: The State of the Art, ed. by Eric Wanner & Lila R. Gleitman, 173–218. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
1987 Competition, variation, and language learning. Mechanisms of Language Acquisition, ed. by Brian MacWhinney, 157–193. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
1989 Functionalism and the competition model. The Cross-linguistic Study of Sentence Processing, ed. by Brian MacWhinney & Elizabeth Bates, 3–73. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bates, Elizabeth, Sandra McNew, Brian MacWhinney, Antonella Devescovi, & Stan Smith
1982 Functional constraints on sentence-processing: a cross-linguistic study. Cognition 11.31: 245–299. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bates, Elizabeth, Brian MacWhinney, Cristina Caselli, Antonella Devescovi, Francesco Natale, & Valeria Venza
1984 A cross-linguistic study of the development of sentence interpretation strategies. Child Development 55.21: 341–354. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Chan, Angel, Elena Lieven, & Michael Tomasello
2009 Children's understanding of the agent-patient relations in the transitive construction: cross-linguistic comparisons between Cantonese, German and English. Cognitive Linguistics 20.21: 267–300.Google Scholar
Chen, Hsuan-Chih
1992 Lexical processing in bilingual or multilingual speakers. Cognitive Processing in Bilinguals, ed. by Richard J. Harris, 253–264. New York: Elsevier. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Chen, Jia-yi (陳佳宜)
Yuxu yu youshengxing zai Zhongwen yu Xibanyawen shu zhong shu qing? Jianshi xuexizhe de chuli celue 語序與有生性在中文與西班牙文孰重孰輕？ 檢視學習者的處理策略 [The most important cue in Chinese and Spanish processing. Examine learners’ strategy]. Taipei: National Taiwan Normal University. (Master’s thesis.)
Christianson, Kiel, Andrew Hollingworth, John F. Halliwell, & Fernanda Ferreira
2001 Thematic roles assigned along the garden path linger. Cognitive Psychology 42.41: 368–407. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Clahsen, Harald, & Claudia Felser
2006 Grammatical processing in language learners. Applied Psycholinguistics 27.11: 3–42. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Dowty, David
1991 Thematic proto-roles and argument selection. Language 67.31: 547–619. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Ferreira, Fernanda
2003 The misinterpretation of noncanonical sentences. Cognitive Psychology 47.21: 164–203. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Ferreira, Fernanda, & John M. Henderson
1990 Use of verb information in syntactic parsing: evidence from eye movements and word-by-word self-paced reading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 16.41: 555–568.Google Scholar
Gass, Susan M.
1987 The resolution of conflicts among competing systems: a bidirectional perspective. Applied Psycholinguistics 8.41: 329–350. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gibson, Edward
1992 On the adequacy of the competition model. Language 68.41: 812–830. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gigerenzer, Gerd
2000 Adaptive Thinking: Rationality in the Real World. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gigerenzer, Gerd, Peter M. Todd, & the ABC Research Group
1999 Simple Heuristics that Make Us Smart. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gutiérrez-Bravo, Rodrigo
2008 Topicalization and preverbal subjects in Spanish wh-interrogatives. Selected Proceedings of the 10th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium, ed. by Joyce Bruhn de Garavito & Elena Valenzuela, 225–236. Somerville: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.Google Scholar
Heilenman, L. Kathy, & Janet L. McDonald
1993 Processing strategies in L2 learners of French: the role of transfer. Language Learning 43.41: 507–557. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hernandez, Arturo E., Elizabeth Bates, & Luis X. Avila
1994 On-line sentence interpretation in Spanish-English bilinguals: what does it mean to be “in between”? Applied Psycholinguistics 15.41: 417–446. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Herschensohn, Julia
2007 Language Development and Age. Cambridge & New York: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hsu, Dong-Bo
2014a Structural priming as learning: evidence from Mandarin-learning 5-year-olds. Language Acquisition 21.21: 156–172. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2014b Mandarin-speaking three-year-olds’ demonstration of productive knowledge of syntax: evidence from syntactic productivity and structural priming with the SVO-ba alternation. Journal of Child Language 41.51: 1115–1146. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hsu, Dong-Bo (徐東伯)
2016 Yuju Chuli zhi Geshi Biaozheng 語句處理之各式表徵 [ Multiple Representations in Grammatical Processing ]. Taipei: New Sharing.Google Scholar
Hsu, Dong-Bo
to appear. Second language learner’s use of good-enough representation in grammatical processing. Taiwan Journal of Linguistics.
Jarvis, Scott, & Aneta Pavlenko
2007 Crosslinguistic Influence in Language and Cognition. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Jin, H. G.
1994 Topic-prominence and subject-prominence in L2 acquisition: evidence of English-to-Chinese typological transfer. Language Learning 44.11: 101–122.Google Scholar
Li, Ping, & Elizabeth Bates
1993 Processing a language without inflections: a reaction time study of sentence interpretation in Chinese. Journal of Memory and Language 32.21: 169–192. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Liu, Hua, Elizabeth Bates, & Ping Li
1992 Sentence interpretation in bilingual speakers of English and Chinese. Applied Psycholinguistics 13.41: 451–484. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
McDonald, Janet L.
1987 Sentence interpretation in bilingual speakers of English and Dutch. Applied Psycholinguistics 8.41: 379–413. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Miao, Xiao-chun
1981 Word order and semantic strategies in Chinese sentence comprehension. International Journal of Psycholinguistics 8.31: 109–122.Google Scholar
Morett, Laura M., & Brian MacWhinney
2013 Syntactic transfer in English-speaking Spanish learners. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 16.11: 132–151. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
National Taiwan Normal University（國立臺灣師範大學）
(ed.) 2008 Xinban Shiyon Shiting Huayu 新版實用視聽華語 [ Practical Audio-Visual Chinese ]. Taipei: Zhengzhong.Google Scholar
Rivero, Maria-Luisa
1980 On left-dislocation and topicalization in Spanish. Linguistic Inquiry 11.21: 363–393.Google Scholar
Sasaki, Yoshinori
1994 Paths of processing strategy transfers in learning Japanese and English as foreign languages: a competition model approach. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 16.11: 43–72. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Steinhauer, Karsten, Kai Alter, & Angela D. Friederici
1999 Brain potentials indicate immediate use of prosodic cues in natural speech processing. Nature Neuroscience 2.21: 191–196. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Su, I-Ru
2001a Transfer of sentence processing strategies: a comparison of L2 learners of Chinese and English. Applied Psycholinguistics 22.11: 83–112. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2001b Context effects on sentence processing: a study based on the competition model. Applied Psycholinguistics 22.21: 167–189. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Sun, Chao-Fen, & Talmy Givón
1985 On the so-called SOV word order in Mandarin Chinese: a quantified text study and its implications. Language 61.21: 329–351. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Traxler, Matthew J., Rihana S. Williams, Shelley A. Blozis, & Robin K. Morris
2005 Working memory, animacy, and verb class in the processing of relative clauses. Journal of Memory and Language 53.21: 204–224. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Townsend, David J., & Thomas G. Bever
2001 Sentence Comprehension: the Integration of Habits and Rules. Cambridge: MIT Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar