Index

• 1st affect 160, 162

• ABCDE model, news stories 120, 122, 124

• additional information 122, 125, 130, 132
  • background 122, 125, 127, 130, 132
  • consequence 122, 125, 127, 130, 132
  • detailed account 122, 125, 127, 130, 132
  • evaluation 122, 130

• actor as participant 13, 96–97, 155–157
  • human 163–164
  • in material clauses 33, 47, 145
  • women 206

• actor/agent 155, 206, 208

• actor/medium 206, 208

• address terms 79–80

• administrative genre 58, 89

• affect 18, 161, 198, 224–225, 228–229

• afford strategy 200

• agent-carrier 145, 155–156, 163

• agent-senser 146, 155, 163

• amplification of attitudes 232

• anaphoric ellipsis 102, 109

• apologetic preamble 72, 76–77, 87

• appraisal analysis 158–164, 193, 198, 201, 203, 207–208

• appraisal system 17–19, 22, 138–139, 146–148, 163

• appraiser and appraised 99

• appreciation 198, 224–226, 228–229, 234

• Asahi newspaper 98, 140, 148–149, 158

• attitude 18, 20, 93–95, 112, 146–147, 158, 164
  • inscribed 99, 109–113, 199, 201
  • invoked 99–100, 107–110, 113, 158–159, 199–201
  • resources 224
  • role in elements of structure 200
  • strategies for expressing 198–199

• attitudinal epithets 147–148, 156–157, 161, 163

• attribute 155–156

• attributive relational process 34

• Attu Island, battle 21, 139–140, 148–149, 151, 153, 158, 160–161, 164

• authoritative justification 72, 84, 87

• axiology 235–236

• axis of chain, see syntagmatic

• axis of choice, see paradigmatic

• background as sub-element 72, 83–84, 87

• beautification 64 ; see also bikago

• Benedict, Ruth 15–16

• bi-directionality 1, 19, 23, 113–115

• bikago - beautifying words 63

• bound clauses 65

• Bushido 138, 141, 163, 230, 232

• Butt, David 139

• calls as sub-element 72, 78–80, 87

• cataphoric ellipsis 102

• censorship, wartime 138–140, 142

• Chinese, classical texts 21, 169–171, 174, 178, 180, 182, 186
  • modes 183

• Chinese characters 169–170, 173–179, 181
  • tripartite construction 175

• Chinese grammar 171–173

• Chinese pronunciation 182

• circumstances 13–15, 32, 36–37, 47–48, 96

• classical style, Japanese 142, 149

• classifier 36

• closing as sub-element 87

• co-articulations 226–227

• cognitive 98, 109, 112–113

• coherent text

• command 40–41, 47, 52, 64, 69–71, 73–76, 84
  • through declarative mood 41, 52, 66
  • through imperative mood 41, 52, 65–66
  • through interrogative mood 66
  • through oblative mood 42, 48

• commencement as text element 72, 78, 80, 87

• completion as text element 73, 85–88

• compliment as sub-element 81, 83, 87

• concession as sub-element 72, 76–77, 87

• conciliation as sub-element 84, 87

• congruency 65, 69–70, 73–76

• constitutive texts 42–43

• context 1

• context of culture 4, 12, 22, 138–139, 141
  • applied to nihonjinron 213–237

• context of situation 4–5, 12, 53, 138, 141

• continuity, Japanese texts and culture 12–13

• continuous information 100–101

• cultural practices 7, 19

• culture informing language 214–215

• Dale, Peter 22, 214, 230, 232, 236

• Daneš, Frantisek 192

• Davidse, Kristin 138, 143–144, 148

• de Silva Joyce, Helen 1–27

• de Silva Joyce, Helen and Feez, Susan 11

• declarative mood 39–41, 44, 52, 67–70, 73

• direction as text element 71–78, 87

• directives 20, 57–90

• discourse on culture, nihonjinron 214

• discourse semantics 11–12, 219–220, 226

• dispositive 97, 109

• doing 97, 143

• domain 35–38

• double participant functions 145

• effective structure 143

• Eggins, Suzanne 3, 13, 15, 38, 144

• elaboration in news stories 124

• elaborative meanings 95, 103–104

• elements within text 46, 73, 77
  • obligatory 71–73, 78, 95–96, 103, 114, 192
  • optional 71–72, 78–88, 95–96, 103, 192

• ellipsis 20, 38, 93, 95, 100–102, 107–109, 112–113

• emic as concept 215

• empathetic construction 104–106, 108, 113–114

• endophoric ellipsis 101–102

• engagement 18, 146, 162

• English dialogue 60

• English for Specific Purposes 58

• English logograms 176

• enhancement in news stories 124

• ergativity 33, 203

• ESP, see English for Specific Purposes

• establishment as text element 72, 80, 82–83, 87–88

• euphemisms, wartime 149, 157, 161, 164

• evaluation, positive and negative 193, 197–202, 207–208, 210

• event story 121

• exemplum 222

• exhortation as text element 73, 84, 87

• existential process 14, 35, 205

• exophoric ellipsis 38, 101, 107

• expansion 98

• explanations 47

• exposition 93–117, 222

• expression 11–12

• extension in news stories 124

• facilitation as sub-element 85, 87

• field 4–6, 13, 42–43, 49, 121, 141–142, 174

• final event in nursery tales 193–194, 196, 201

• finite 61

• Firth, John 22

• focus of attitude 162

• folktales, Japanese 21–22, 191–210
  • construal of women 202–209
  • GSP elements 193, 196, 201, 210

• force of attitude 162

• foreign ideas, disparagement 232–235

• formal form 68, 74–75, 82–83, 89

• formality 62, 68

• form-sound-meaning 175, 178–180

• Fowler, Roger 138

• free clauses 65

• front page news stories 120
  • topics 121

• Fujiwara, Masahiko 217–219, 227, 229–230, 233
  • concept of freedom 233–234, 236

• Fukui, Nagisa 39–40

• Generic Structure Potential 8–10, 20–22, 31, 43–44, 58, 71–73, 93–95, 103–106, 113–114
  • analysis of folktales 194–197
  • elements of nursery tales 192–193, 196, 201, 210

• genre 1, 4–5, 8, 23, 30, 58
  • definition 141, 192, 213
  • differences between Martin’s and Hasan’s conceptualisations 9
  • in Japanese 30
  • mapping 23, 29, 213
  • in SFL 6

• genre families 7–8
  • history 8
  • story 7

• genre research, Japanese 10

• genre theory 6–7, 9, 29

• goal as participant 13, 33, 36, 43–47, 96–97, 107, 144–145, 154–157

• goals 38

• graduation 18, 146–148, 162, 164

• grammatical roles 194

• graphology 229

• Gregory, Michael 6

• GSP, see Generic Structure Potential

• gyokusai - heroic fighting to the end 140, 148, 150, 161

• habitual tenor of existence 193, 208–209

• haikei 80–81, 88

• Halliday, Michael Alexander Kirk 138, 147–148
  • analysis of kambun 184
  • and context of culture 215
  • language and culture 12, 23
  • and language as ideology 138
  • and nominalisation 144
  • and SFL 1, 4, 6, 213, 215
  • and transitivity 142, 148

• Halliday, Michael Alexander Kirk and Hasan, Ruqaiya 11, 29, 141

• Halliday, Michael Alexander Kirk and Matthiessen, Christian 11, 37, 60, 119, 121, 138, 148, 215
  • and clause types 96–97
  • and construal of populations 224
  • and ellipsis 100
  • and mood in English 59–60, 77
  • and ‘networks of relations’ 217
  • news story genre 122–123
  • and relational processes 34–35
  • and transitivity 13, 33, 142

• happening-motional 98

• Hasan, Ruqaiya 1, 4, 11, 31, 42–43, 69, 71–72, 93–95, 113–115
  • and context and text 19
  • and ellipsis 101–102
  • and GSP 8–10, 22, 31, 43, 58, 71, 93–95, 113, 124, 197
  • and nursery tales 192–194, 196–197

• Headline 120, 123–125, 128–129, 149

• Headline/Lead nucleus 120, 122–125, 128–130

• hedging 66–71

• heteroglossia 233

• hierarchy 50–51, 57, 59, 62, 67–70, 142

• hiragana 171, 173–174, 186

• history genre family 8

• homologisation 93, 115

• honourification 16–17, 20, 40–41, 51–52, 57, 59, 62–66, 68–69, 74, 102

• humble form 68–69, 75–76, 82–83, 89

• iconography 215, 227–229, 235–237

• ideational metafunction 6, 13, 32, 94, 114, 219, 226, 230

• ideational metaphore 144

• identifiability 100

• identifying relational process 35

• identity, in reference to nihonjinron 214, 230

• identity chains 221–222, 228

• ideological creativity 138

• ideological mainstream 236

• ideologies, as terms for nihonjinron 214, 216

• ijootanjoo - tales of abnormal birth 194–196

• Ikegami, Yoshihiko 20, 93, 115–116

• images 45–48

• imperative mood 30–31, 39–41, 52, 62, 66–70, 73

• Imperial War Headquarters 142, 150

• incongruency 66, 69–70, 73–76, 89

• indicative 62

• inducement 103–105, 113–114

• initiating event in nursery tales 193, 196, 201, 210

• inscribed attitude 99, 109–113, 199, 201

• instantiation 192, 215, 237

• instructional texts 216 ; see also procedural genre

• interpersonal metafunction 32, 59, 62, 114, 138, 220–221, 224, 226

• interrogative mood 39, 61, 64, 67–70, 73

• inter-workplace communication 58

• intra-workplace communication 58

• invitation 106–108, 112, 114

• invite 200

• invoked attitude 99–100, 107–110, 158–159, 199, 201
  • sub-categories 199–200

• ism as term 229–236
  • as axiology 235
  • marking in nihonjinron text 229–230
  • positive and negative loading 230, 232, 234
  • translation 230

• issue report 121

• Iwamoto, Noriko 18, 21, 138–167

• Japanese, modes 181–182

• Japanese and Chinese cultures, combination 172

• Japanese Association of Systemic Functional Linguistics 10

• Japanese cultural studies 213

• Japanese genre research, see genre research, Japanese

• Japanese identity 217, 226

• JASFL, see Japanese Association of Systemic Functional Linguistics

• journalism, Japanese 138

• judgement 17–18, 198, 224, 228–229, 234
  • through folktales 193

• kaii-keisei characters 177

• kakikudashi 172

• kambun 169–174, 180, 183–186

• kambun-kundoku 21, 23, 169–170, 175, 180–181, 186

• kanji 21, 169–171, 174–176, 178, 182

• kanseki 169

• katakana 171, 173

• Kato, Kazue 16–17, 19, 29–53

• Katsura, Keiichi 120

• Keene, Donald 225–227

• kenjoo 75

• kenjoogo - humble 63, 65

• Kokka no Hinkaku 217–219

• kundoku in Korea and Vietnam 170

• kundoku method 171–172, 180, 182–184

• kundoku-bun 169–186

• kunten 171–172, 180, 182–183

• Lacey, Nick 23

• language of fishing 4–5

• Lead 123–125, 128–129

• legitimation as text element 72, 84, 87

• lexical rendering 223

• lexicogrammar 11–12, 15

• lexicogrammatical analysis of text 11, 31

• lexicogrammatical patterns 3, 7

• lexis 58, 164

• lexis, attitudinal 99, 107, 112, 146–147, 155, 199–201

• lexis, interpersonal 142

• lexis and grammar 21, 163

• linguistic coupling 226

• linguistic syndromes 226–227, 229

• loanwords 230

• macrogenres 216

• macro-new 229

• macro-theme 220, 225, 229

• Malinowski, Bronislaw 2–5, 22, 213, 237

• manner 15

• Mapping Genres in Japanese project 29–30

• Martin, James R 172, 198, 219, 236
  • and appraisal 146
  • and attitude 99
  • and identity chains 221
  • and ‘lexical rendering’ 223
  • and the notion of genre 6–9, 192

• Martin, James R and Rose, David 131, 141, 146, 216, 219–222
  • and appraisal 146
  • and attitude 162
  • and context of culture 216
  • and mapping of genre 213
  • and the notion of genre 6–8, 29
  • and story phases 120, 130–131

• Martin, James R and White, Peter RR 95, 120, 193, 200, 234
  • and appraisal 17–18, 22, 138, 146, 193, 203, 207
  • and attitude 99, 198–200
  • and attitudinal resources 224
  • and graduation 146–147, 232
  • and tenor 6

• material clause 36, 47, 96–98, 110, 113

• material process 14, 32–34, 47, 145, 155–156, 205

• Matthiessen, Christian 4

• meaning and form, relation 176–177

• mental clause 36, 97–98, 110–112

• mental process 14, 32, 34, 146, 155–157

• metafunctions 6, 32, 138, 184–186, 219–220

• metaphorical extensions 144

• Mey, Jacob L 23

• middle structure 143

• Mizusawa, Yumiko 16–17, 20, 57–91

• modalisation 62

• modality 76–77, 146

• mode 4–6, 21, 42–43, 49, 121, 141–142, 174

• modulation 62

• mono no aware 218–220, 225–232, 235
  • as cultural icon 227–228

• mono-positioning 105–106, 113

• mood 16, 39–43, 59–67, 74, 76, 146, 184

• mood adjuncts 74–77, 81

• mood types 66–67

• moral in folktales 196–197

• morale, wartime 21, 142, 163

• morpheme 11

• morphological markers 230

• multi-positioning 105–106, 113

• narrative 21, 119, 130–133

• negative attitude, implied and explicit 158–159, 161, 163

• negirai 72, 82–83, 87

• negotiator 61

• network of abstractions 230

• neutral form 69

• news story genre 20–21, 119–135
  • categories 121
  • English 119, 122, 130
  • as narrative 119, 132–133

• newspapers in Japan 120–121, 137, 139–140, 142, 163

• nihonjinron 22, 213–237
  • across genres and registers 216–217
  • colouring readers’ interpretation 224–226, 234, 236
  • as cultural discourse 215
  • defining 214
  • and social diversity 224, 226
  • social significance 214

• nominalisation 144–145, 163

• nominalising metaphor 144

• nothingness as theme of folktales 194–195, 197, 210

• nuclear meanings 95, 103–104, 106, 108–110, 112, 114

• nucleus 129

• nucleus in news stories 122, 126

• oblative mood 42

• offence, avoiding 53

• offer 64

• onomatopoeia 200

• opening as sub-element 80, 83, 87

• orbital structure model 119–122, 124, 130, 132–133

• order as sub-element 76–77

• orientation as text element 72, 83, 87

• paradigmatic 3

• participant strings, seeidentity chains

• participants 13–14, 32–33, 37, 96–97, 107

• participants, elided 221, 223

• particulars and information 77–78, 87

• persuasive texts 20, 93–117, 142

• Petrova, Gergana 203

• phase analysis 130–131, 227–229

• phenomenon 97, 112

• phonograms 176

• placement in nursery tales 193, 196–197, 201

• polarity 62

• politeness 51, 62

• populations of texts 2

• position 104–106, 113–114

• positive attitude, implied and explicit 158–160

• post self-identification 87–88

• power 50–51

• pragmatics 23

• pre self-identification 80, 82, 87–88

• preamble stage 43–44

• précis 104, 113–114

• predicate 61, 66, 75–76, 81, 84

• pre-Headlines 120, 123–124

• procedural genre 19–20, 29–53
  • in English 30, 44, 53

• processes 13–14, 32, 44, 96

• prosody 224–225, 232, 234–235

• prospect 104, 113–114

• protagonists, folktales 193–194, 198, 200, 202–204, 209

• provisions 58

• provoke 199–200

• pseudo-effective structure 143–145, 147, 163

• questions 64–65

• range as participant 13, 155–156

• ranged structures 144, 147

• readers 49–50, 52

• reading culture, Japan 170

• records 58

• register of texts 141–142, 216

• register variables 6, 11, 15, 21, 42, 121, 174, 216

• relational clause 36, 96, 98, 111

• relational process 14, 32, 34–35, 44, 145–146, 156–157, 205

• relativisation 104, 106, 108, 110–114

• respect in Japanese culture 15–17, 79–80

• respectful form 68–69

• return to altered rest statement in folktales 194, 209–210

• rheme 38

• rhetoric, war 137, 155, 158, 163

• rhetorical question 104

• Sano, Motoki 1–27, 30, 93–119

• sasshi 72, 81, 83, 87

• satellites 120, 122–124, 127–130, 132

• Sato, Katsuyuki 169–189

• sayers 97

• Seki, Keigo 198

• self-identification 83

• self-introduction 82–83, 87

• semiosis 23

• senser 14, 97

• sequent events in nursery tales 193, 196, 201, 210

• SFL, see Systemic Functional Linguistics

• situation 101

• situational justification 84, 87

• social distance 42, 79–80, 83

• social status and tenor 49–50, 53, 70, 75, 89

• socialising through storytelling 191, 193, 201, 209–210

• solicitude as sub-element 85, 87

• sonkei - respectful 63

• sonkeigo - respectful form 65

• soto - outside 57

• spatial location 15

• speech functions 63–65, 69, 77

• standpoint 106, 111–114

• statement 64–65

• steps stage of text 46–48

• story genre family 7–8, 191

• sub-elements within texts 72–73

• sub-Headlines 120, 123–124, 128–129

• subject 61, 77, 81

• suggestion 105, 113–114

• Sydney School 6–7, 9–10, 30

• syntagmatic 3

• system network 9, 16, 143

• Systemic Functional Linguistics 1, 4, 6, 10–11, 20, 31–32
  • analysis of nihonjinron texts 214–215
  • analytic framework for persuasive texts 94–102
  • model of language 216

• Tann, Ken 14, 18, 22, 213–240

• taxonomic elaboration 217

• taxonomic relations 223, 231

• teineigo - formal 62, 65

• tenor 4–6, 15, 42–43, 48–49, 52, 67, 70, 74–75, 79, 121, 141, 174
  • in analysis of nihonjinron 216–217

• tenor relationships 20, 83, 89

• tense in Japanese 84

• Teruya, Kazuhiro 13, 32, 35, 39, 61, 93, 220
  • classification of experiences 96–97
  • and domain 35–36
  • and hierarchy 51
  • and processes 13, 33–34

• text as a concept 11

• textual metafunction 32, 114, 220, 226

• theme 37–38, 220–221

• theme patterns, recurring 37–38, 47

• theme patterns, zig-zag 37–39

• ‘thick description’, see emic as concept

• Thomson, Elizabeth A 1–27, 30, 37, 59, 191–211

• Thomson, Elizabeth A and Sano, Motoki 58

• Thomson, Elizabeth A, Fukui, Nagisa and White, Peter RR 123–124, 158

• Thomson, nee Mulvihill 10

• title as sub-element 72, 78, 87

• Todo, Akiyasu 178

• token 96

• Toolan, Michael J 191

• Tosu, Norimitsu 10, 194

• Tran, Van Thi Hong and Thomson, Elizabeth A 158

• transformation, female characters in folktales 203–204

• transitive constellations 143
  • effective 143
  • middle 143
  • pseudo-effective 143

• transitivity 13, 20, 32–33, 93–98, 107–109, 112, 137–139, 142, 146–148
  • components 13

• transitivity analysis 138, 142–143, 148–149, 155, 158, 194, 202–209

• transitivity and appraisal, relationship 164

• transitivity patterns 163–164

• translation 230

• uchi - inside 57

• usuality 9–10

• valediction as sub-element 86–87

• value 96

• Ventola, Eija 9, 227, 232

• verbal clause 98

• verbal process 14, 32, 205

• verbiage 97

• voice system 143

• Volosinov, Valentin 138

• wabun 171–174

• wago 63, 173

• wartime press 139, 164

• wartime propaganda 137, 144, 147, 155, 164

• wartime reporting, Japanese 21, 137–165

• Washitake, Masamichi 20, 119–136
  • ABCDE model 122, 124–125, 127, 130

• Western people, representation in nihonjinron 219, 221–224, 226, 228, 233

• White, Peter RR 122, 146

• women, construal in folktales 202–210
  • classification of characters 203

• word families 180

• word order 172–173

• workplace discourse 57–90

• World War II 21, 137, 139, 163, 234

• writers and readers, relationship 53, 74, 89, 104, 106, 109

• Yamato 171–172, 174, 176, 179–180, 186
  • text types 174–175

• Yomiuri newspaper 99, 101, 117, 120, 140

• yoroshiku 74–75