List of figures
Figure 1.1
A broad categorisation of offer types
4
Figure 1.2
World Englishes paradigm
22
Figure 2.1
Kinship relations in postcolonial collectivist cultures
51
Figure 3.1
Overall use of preparatory acts between Ghana and Cameroon (Situation 1)
78
Figure 3.2
Head act realisation structures (Situation 1)
91
Figure 3.3
Overall occurrences of supportive acts (Situation 1)
105
Figure 3.4
Distribution of offer utterance realisation strategies (Situation 1)
109
Figure 3.5
Distribution of offer refusal utterance strategies (Situation 1)
121
Figure 3.6
Use of kinship terms between Ghana and Cameroon (Situation 1)
127
Figure 4.1
Overall occurrences of supportive acts (Situation 2)
165
Figure 4.2
Distribution of offer utterance realisation strategies (Situation 2)
170
Figure 4.3
Distribution of offer refusal realisation strategies (Situation 2)
177
Figure 4.4
Pairs of kinship asymmetrical relationships
185
Figure 5.1
Overall use of preparatory acts between Ghana and Cameroon (Situation 3)
203
Figure 5.2
Overall occurrences of supportive acts (Situation 3)
218
Figure 5.3
Distribution of offer utterance realisation strategies (Situation 3)
222
Figure 5.4
Distribution of offer refusal realisation strategies (Situation 3)
234
Figure 5.5
Use of kinship terms between Ghana and Cameroon (Situation 3)
239
Figure 5.6
Fear of strangers
247
Figure 6.1
Language identity layers in postcolonial societies
258
Figure 7.1
Preparatoy acts between Ghana and Cameroon
279
Figure 7.2
Supportive acts between Ghana and Cameroon
280
Figure 7.3
Use of address forms between Ghana and Cameroon
281