421026667
03
01
01
JB
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
JB code
RLLT 16 Eb
15
9789027261182
06
10.1075/rllt.16
13
2020007371
DG
002
02
01
RLLT
02
1574-552X
Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory
16
01
Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 16
Selected papers from the 47th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL), Newark, Delaware
01
rllt.16
01
https://benjamins.com
02
https://benjamins.com/catalog/rllt.16
1
B01
Irene Vogel
Vogel, Irene
Irene
Vogel
University of Delaware
01
eng
284
vi
278
LAN009000
v.2006
CF
2
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.ROM
Romance linguistics
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.THEOR
Theoretical linguistics
06
01
The chapters in this book represent the theme of “bridges” – bridging research approaches and directions across languages, methodologies and disciplines. Alongside descriptive and theoretical studies, the contributions present experimental studies addressing issues in syntax, phonetics-phonology and sociolinguistics. And alongside investigations of linguistic phenomena in standard Romance language varieties, other investigations address less well-known and studied, minority and endangered varieties (e.g., Quebec French, Brazilian Portuguese, Romanian, Galician, Catalan and Palenquero) from both synchronic and diachronic perspectives. Romance languages in contact with other languages and bilingualism, now also integral aspects of the field, are reflected in this volume as well, including less well-known cases of contemporary contact of Serbian with Romanian, and earlier contact of African languages with Spanish and Portuguese. This volume thus continues the decades long tradition of the Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages of embracing cutting-edge developments in the field.
04
09
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03
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6
6
Chapter
1
01
Introduction
1
A01
Irene Vogel
Vogel, Irene
Irene
Vogel
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.01ath
7
18
12
Chapter
2
01
Variability in French word-final schwa
Effects of focus and speaker
1
A01
Angeliki Athanasopoulou
Athanasopoulou, Angeliki
Angeliki
Athanasopoulou
University of Calgary
2
A01
Irene Vogel
Vogel, Irene
Irene
Vogel
University of Delaware
20
focus
20
Parisian French
20
prosodic boundary
20
variability
20
word-final schwa
01
The production of schwa in French is highly variable. Some of this variability is predictable based on sociolinguistic (e.g., dialects), phonological (e.g., segments, word position), and stylistic (e.g., reading) factors. We investigate the effect of prosodic structure on the production of word-final schwa in Parisian French, while controlling for the other factors. We also investigate variability in schwa production within and between speakers of the same variety. Our findings show that prosody does affect the production of schwa: the stronger the prosodic boundary, the more probable schwa production is. While this is true for all the speakers, we also found considerable variation in the rates of schwa production, despite our controlling for dialect and style.
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.02aut
19
36
18
Chapter
3
01
Agreement and pronouns
Implications for partial control
1
A01
Jean-Marc Authier
Authier, Jean-Marc
Jean-Marc
Authier
The Pennsylvania State University
2
A01
Lisa A. Reed
Reed, Lisa A.
Lisa A.
Reed
The Pennsylvania State University
20
agree
20
partial control
20
plurality
20
secondary predicates
20
semantic agreement
01
This chapter compares the workings of agreement mismatches involving the French pronoun <i>on</i> with those involving PRO in partial control (PC) environments in order to advance our understanding of the type of plurality that has been assumed to be associated with the latter. The theoretical framework used to effect this comparison is the two-step theory of Agree argued for by Arregi and Nevins (2012) and Smith (2017). The evidence uncovered suggests that whatever is assumed to induce the plurality of PC PRO (e.g. Landau’s (2016b) associative morpheme) leaves neither morphological nor semantic agreement footprints. We also show that, on the LF side, the type of plural set denoted by PC PRO appears to be immune to any sort of quantificational manipulation. We are thus left with an inference of plurality with no tangible grammatical correlates, which points in the direction of a process of pragmatic associative reference along the lines of Haug (2014).
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.03cab
37
48
12
Chapter
4
01
Person/Number exponents in imperative-enclitic contexts
1
A01
Teresa Cabré
Cabré, Teresa
Teresa
Cabré
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
2
A01
Maria Ohannesian
Ohannesian, Maria
Maria
Ohannesian
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
deixis
20
enclisis
20
markedness
20
P/N exponent
20
reflexive
01
The goal of this paper is to analyse the partial or total deletion of the Person/Number exponents in imperative-enclitic contexts in Catalan and Spanish. Both languages lose phonological material in a specific context, but Spanish deletes the right-edge segment from the verb whereas Barcelona Catalan loses the left-edge segment of the clitic. Our aim is to account for the contrasting solutions shown by these two neighbouring languages using the same constraints but ranked differently in the Optimality Theory framework. OT allows us to put together different types of grammatical requirements, including distinctness requirements, particularly a positional OCP constraint on Person/Number features, and faithfulness conditions, specifically the condition related with morpheme realization, all of which interact with alignment and markedness constraints.
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.04cha
49
64
16
Chapter
5
01
French causal <i>puisque</i>-clauses in the light of (not)-at-issueness
1
A01
Isabelle Charnavel
Charnavel, Isabelle
Isabelle
Charnavel
Harvard University
20
(not)-at-issueness
20
causal clauses
20
evidentiality
20
French
20
presupposition
20
projection
20
speech act
20
syntax/semantics
01
This paper examines the discourse status of French causal clauses introduced by <i>puisque</i> ‘since’. <i>Puisque</i>-clauses are associated with two implications: the relation expressed by <i>puisque</i> and the content of their clause. Several diagnostics show that neither implication is at-issue and that the two implications belong to two different types of projective content (cf. Tonhauser et al. 2013). This is due to syntactic and lexical reasons: the relation expressed by <i>puisque</i> is not at-issue because <i>puisque</i>-clauses modify high (evidential and speech act) phrases that are not at-issue; the content of the <i>puisque</i>-clause is not at-issue because <i>puisque</i> is lexically factive, i.e. selects true facts. <i>Puisque</i> thus exemplifies an unrecognized type of double presuppositional trigger.
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.05cue
65
76
12
Chapter
6
01
Geminates and vowel laxing in Quebec French
1
A01
Anaële Cuerrier
Cuerrier, Anaële
Anaële
Cuerrier
Concordia University
2
A01
Charles Reiss
Reiss, Charles
Charles
Reiss
Concordia University
20
French
20
geminate
20
laxing
20
phonology
20
Quebec French
20
syllable
20
vowel harmony
01
Laxing and harmony in Quebec French (QF) high vowels shows dialectal, register and perhaps even lexical variation. A recent proposal to handle some of the data (Poliquin 2006) contains a radical innovation to phonological theory concerning long-distance segment interactions. We question the necessity of such an account by pointing out that recognition of geminate sonorants in QF can explain some puzzling forms without recourse to new devices. Our account is supported by phonetic considerations, as well as by recognizing that the alternative both under and overgenerates lax vowels in surface forms.
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.06cyr
77
92
16
Chapter
7
01
Number as an adjunct in Romance
1
A01
Sonia M. L. Cyrino
Cyrino, Sonia M. L.
Sonia M. L.
Cyrino
University of Campinas
2
A01
M. Teresa Espinal
Espinal, M. Teresa
M. Teresa
Espinal
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
adjunct
20
determiner
20
nominalizer
20
pluralizer
20
Romance
01
In this paper, we argue that Spanish (and other Romance languages such as Catalan), contrary to what has been believed up to now, patterns with languages such as Brazilian Portuguese and French. We present several different arguments to support our proposal that in the Romance languages we investigate plural marking is specified and interpreted on functional categories, namely on Determiners. We propose that in these languages plural marking is a syntactic adjunct to D (i.e., a categorized <i>d</i> root) by default, and to a categorized <i>n</i> root in marked cases. Manifestations of (plural) Number on other constituents within the nominal domain are to be considered solely as the output of morphophonological agreement or concord.
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.07dab
93
108
16
Chapter
8
01
A sociophonetic investigation of Mexico City Spanish vowel reduction
A
sociophonetic investigation of Mexico City Spanish vowel reduction
1
A01
Meghan Frances Dabkowski
Dabkowski, Meghan Frances
Meghan Frances
Dabkowski
University of Delaware, Department of Languages, Literatures & Cultures
20
Mexican Spanish
20
phonetics
20
phonology
20
sociolinguistic variation
20
Spanish dialectology
01
This study is the first to use acoustic data to investigate linguistic and social factors conditioning phonetic vowel reduction in Mexico City Spanish. The acoustic analysis reveals that two complementary strategies are used for reduction: voice weakening and shortening. Voice weakening affects all vowels at relatively similar rates, and is favored by preceding voiceless consonants, following voiceless consonants, and following pauses, and is most frequent in post-tonic position. Shortening affects high vowels and /o/, and is favored by preceding and following voiceless consonants, and is most frequent in pre-tonic position and unstressed monosyllabic words. These results support an articulatory gestural overlap analysis, in which characteristics of articulatory timing and movement account for the variation.
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.08gul
109
132
24
Chapter
9
01
Computational quantitative syntax
The case of Universal 18
1
A01
Kristina Gulordava
Gulordava, Kristina
Kristina
Gulordava
University of Geneva
2
A01
Paola Merlo
Merlo, Paola
Paola
Merlo
University of Geneva
20
adjective-noun order
20
Ancient Greek
20
corpus counts
20
Latin
20
modelling
20
noun-numeral order
20
quantitative syntax
20
treebanks
20
Universal 18
01
Accounting for the constraints on the possible word orders of a sentence in a language and across the world languages is a core challenge for syntactic theory. In the spirit of computational quantitative syntax, in this paper we present quantitative evidence about Universal 18. We show that corpus data confirms a dispreference for the word order combination where adjectives precede but numerals follow the nouns (Adj-N and N-Num). We then investigate if this dispreference is better explained as a constraint expressed at the level of the dominant orders or at the level of individual structures. Corpus counts support the latter interpretation. Finally, we propose a formal model of how this bias against Adj-N-Num orders can be integrated in the grammar.
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01
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rllt.16.09guy
133
154
22
Chapter
10
01
Trajectories of change in Spanish and Portuguese in the Americas
1
A01
Gregory R. Guy
Guy, Gregory R.
Gregory R.
Guy
New York University
20
African influences
20
dialects
20
innovation
20
language change
20
language contact
01
This paper examines ways in which varieties of Spanish and Portuguese spoken in the Americas have diverged significantly from their peninsular sources, and from each other, in the half-millennium since colonization. Some of this divergence is a consequence of spontaneous innovations in the New World varieties (e.g., ‘zheismo’ and ‘sheismo’ in Platense Spanish; emergence of the new 1<sc>pl</sc> pronoun <i>a gente</i> in Brazilian Portuguese). Historically, a significant driver of change was language contact, with indigenous languages, and especially with African languages. A suite of linguistic characteristics shared by Caribbean Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese indicate that both varieties were affected by the irregular transmission of these languages to the African population transported to these locations in the time of slavery.
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.10isa
155
170
16
Chapter
11
01
Clause typing and Quebec French -<i>tu</i>
1
A01
Daniela Isac
Isac, Daniela
Daniela
Isac
Concordia University
2
A01
Justin Royer
Royer, Justin
Justin
Royer
McGill University
20
Addressee
20
epistemic commitment
20
Modality
20
Polarity
20
Quebec French
20
Speaker
20
tu
01
This paper focuses on the Quebec French particle -<i>tu</i>, which occurs in interrogatives, exclamatives and declaratives indicating surprise. We propose that -<i>tu</i> is the overt instantiation of a polarity (Pol) head that is neither negative nor positive and that -<i>tu</i> also carries an epistemic modality (Mod) feature that is keyed to an ignorant Speaker (S) and a knowledgeable Addressee (A).
10
01
JB code
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171
186
16
Chapter
12
01
The syntax of superlative phrases in Romance
The
syntax of superlative phrases in Romance
1
A01
Nicoletta Loccioni
Loccioni, Nicoletta
Nicoletta
Loccioni
UCLA
20
adnominal modification
20
definiteness
20
degree phrases
20
DP structure
20
French
20
Italian
20
superlatives
01
In this paper, prenominal and postnominal superlatives in Romance are argued not to differ as a result of NP-movement (or lack thereof) to cross the adjective, but to result from two different derivations. In prenominal superlatives, the adjective is attracted to a high scope position in the DP-area of numerals where it can’t be bypassed by the NP. In postnominal superlatives, the superlative starts out as a predicate (a maximalizing relative clause over degrees) and it ends up postnominal (as any other relative clause in Romance).
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.12mar
187
202
16
Chapter
13
01
On recomplementation, high adverbs and V-movement in Spanish
1
A01
Gabriel Martínez Vera
Martínez Vera, Gabriel
Gabriel
Martínez Vera
University of Connecticut
20
adverbs
20
complementizer
20
left periphery
20
phases
20
Spanish
01
I address the structure of the Spanish left periphery regarding recomplementation, i.e., double-complementizer constructions. I establish a contrast between Latin American Spanish (LAS) and European Spanish (ES): while there is an overt low complementizer <i>que</i> in ES, there is a null low complementizer in LAS – this is a novel empirical observation. The latter is different from the construction where low <i>que</i> is absent in ES: the null low complementizer in LAS patterns with the overt low complementizer in ES with respect to the phenomena discussed in this paper. I further tie this difference to the height of V-movement and adverb placement in LAS and ES. I then propose a phase-based account of the contrast.
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.13pet
203
218
16
Chapter
14
01
Articles in an article-less language
Romanian-Serbian code-switching
1
A01
Vanessa Petroj
Petroj, Vanessa
Vanessa
Petroj
University of Connecticut
20
code-switching
20
DP/NP parameter setting
20
Free Morpheme Constraint
20
Functional Head Constraint
20
PF Disjunction Theorem
20
Romanian
20
Serbian
20
syntax
01
I will explore the interaction between Romanian and Serbian elements within the Traditional Noun Phrase (TNP) that participate in code-switching, including Romanian definite articles (D), Romanian and Serbian adjectives (A), and Serbian nouns (N), focusing on the definite article affixation. Following Bošković (2008, 2012), I assume Serbian to be an NP language (lacking definite articles) and Romanian a DP language (having definite articles), leading to semantic and syntactic consequences for the rest of the structure. Finally, I argue against CS-specific constraints such as Free Morpheme Constraint (Poplack 1980), Functional Head Constraint (Belazi, Rubin, & Toribio 1994), and PF Disjunction Theorem (MacSwan 1999), and in support of Bandi-Rao and den Dikken (2014) reformulated PF Disjunction Theorem.
10
01
JB code
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219
240
22
Chapter
15
01
Split auxiliary selection with affected subjects in Old Majorcan Catalan
1
A01
Sebastià Salvà i Puig
Salvà i Puig, Sebastià
Sebastià
Salvà i Puig
Centre de Lingüística Teòrica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
affected subject
20
Majorcan Catalan
20
nanosyntactic lexicalization
20
Northern Catalan
20
person-driven auxiliary selection
20
possessive/interest relationship
20
split auxiliary selection
20
subject of result construction
20
unaccusativity
20
undergoer
01
We aim to shed light on the split auxiliary selection found in Old Majorcan Catalan, in constructions where, instead of <i>haver</i> (‘have’), <i>esser</i> (‘be’) is used as the auxiliary verb for compound tenses, although just with persons 1 & 2; not only with unaccusative verbs, but also with transitive and unergative verbs. We claim that, in fact, these constructions have affected or undergoer subjects, derived from a lower position: at least, [Spec, ProcessP]. Hence, this system for auxiliary selection is mixed: both person-driven and event-driven. The Majorcan data provide evidence in favour of Ramchand’s (2008; 2018) decomposition of the <i>v</i>P, and for a nanosyntactic lexicalization of the auxiliaries: <i>haver</i> lexicalizes a chunk such as [Aux, <i>i</i>*], while <i>esser</i> lexicalizes only [Aux], in case a Person<sub>[+participant]</sub> head intervenes.
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.15sch
241
258
18
Chapter
16
01
Palenque (Colombia)
African language survivals and their identification
1
A01
Armin Schwegler
Schwegler, Armin
Armin
Schwegler
University of California, Irvine
20
Africanisms
20
language and identity
20
Palenque
20
Palenquero
01
This article examines the revitalization of African language survivals in the former maroon community of Palenque, Colombia. During much of the 20th century, lexical Africanisms in everyday Palenquero creole were scant. Ritual language (<i>Lumbalú</i>) and the speech of a few elderly Palenqueros still contained isolated Africanisms, but these had become archaic, nearing extinction. <br />Profound sociolinguistic changes in Palenque in the 1980-90s introduced sentiments of <i>negritud</i> (‘black awareness’) and appreciation for “all things African”, <i>lexicalia</i> included. Thus, younger Palenqueros – with the help of some <i>Lengua</i> teachers – developed lists of Afro-Palenquero archaisms, rescuing them from oblivion. Various mechanisms spread these <i>lexicalia “africana”</i> to the wider speech community, where they are embraced as an index of their maroon and Afro-Colombian identity.
10
01
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259
274
16
Chapter
17
01
Inflected infinitives in Galician
1
A01
Michelle Sheehan
Sheehan, Michelle
Michelle
Sheehan
Anglia Ruskin University
2
A01
Jeffrey Blokzijl
Blokzijl, Jeffrey
Jeffrey
Blokzijl
Leiden University
3
A01
M. Carmen Parafita Couto
Parafita Couto, M. Carmen
M. Carmen
Parafita Couto
Leiden University
20
control
20
finiteness
20
Galician
20
gender
20
inflected infinitives
01
This study uses an audio-questionnaire, supplemented by spoken corpus data, to probe the acceptability of Galician inflected infinitives in different syntactic contexts. Our results reveal that inflected infinitives in Galician are acceptable in a different range of contexts than in closely related Portuguese, and also in a broader range of contexts than previously reported for this language. Intra-speaker variation appears to correlate most strongly with L1 (Spanish/Galician) and gender, with a trend for men and L1 Spanish speakers to be more accepting of the inflected infinitive.
10
01
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275
278
4
Miscellaneous
18
01
Index
02
JBENJAMINS
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
John Benjamins Publishing Company
Amsterdam/Philadelphia
NL
04
20200821
2020
John Benjamins B.V.
02
WORLD
13
15
9789027205551
01
JB
3
John Benjamins e-Platform
03
jbe-platform.com
09
WORLD
21
01
00
110.00
EUR
R
01
00
92.00
GBP
Z
01
gen
00
165.00
USD
S
893026666
03
01
01
JB
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
JB code
RLLT 16 Hb
15
9789027205551
13
2020007370
BB
01
RLLT
02
1574-552X
Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory
16
01
Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 16
Selected papers from the 47th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL), Newark, Delaware
01
rllt.16
01
https://benjamins.com
02
https://benjamins.com/catalog/rllt.16
1
B01
Irene Vogel
Vogel, Irene
Irene
Vogel
University of Delaware
01
eng
284
vi
278
LAN009000
v.2006
CF
2
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.ROM
Romance linguistics
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.THEOR
Theoretical linguistics
06
01
The chapters in this book represent the theme of “bridges” – bridging research approaches and directions across languages, methodologies and disciplines. Alongside descriptive and theoretical studies, the contributions present experimental studies addressing issues in syntax, phonetics-phonology and sociolinguistics. And alongside investigations of linguistic phenomena in standard Romance language varieties, other investigations address less well-known and studied, minority and endangered varieties (e.g., Quebec French, Brazilian Portuguese, Romanian, Galician, Catalan and Palenquero) from both synchronic and diachronic perspectives. Romance languages in contact with other languages and bilingualism, now also integral aspects of the field, are reflected in this volume as well, including less well-known cases of contemporary contact of Serbian with Romanian, and earlier contact of African languages with Spanish and Portuguese. This volume thus continues the decades long tradition of the Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages of embracing cutting-edge developments in the field.
04
09
01
https://benjamins.com/covers/475/rllt.16.png
04
03
01
https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027205551.jpg
04
03
01
https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027205551.tif
06
09
01
https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/rllt.16.hb.png
07
09
01
https://benjamins.com/covers/125/rllt.16.png
25
09
01
https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/rllt.16.hb.png
27
09
01
https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/rllt.16.hb.png
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.int
1
6
6
Chapter
1
01
Introduction
1
A01
Irene Vogel
Vogel, Irene
Irene
Vogel
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.01ath
7
18
12
Chapter
2
01
Variability in French word-final schwa
Effects of focus and speaker
1
A01
Angeliki Athanasopoulou
Athanasopoulou, Angeliki
Angeliki
Athanasopoulou
University of Calgary
2
A01
Irene Vogel
Vogel, Irene
Irene
Vogel
University of Delaware
20
focus
20
Parisian French
20
prosodic boundary
20
variability
20
word-final schwa
01
The production of schwa in French is highly variable. Some of this variability is predictable based on sociolinguistic (e.g., dialects), phonological (e.g., segments, word position), and stylistic (e.g., reading) factors. We investigate the effect of prosodic structure on the production of word-final schwa in Parisian French, while controlling for the other factors. We also investigate variability in schwa production within and between speakers of the same variety. Our findings show that prosody does affect the production of schwa: the stronger the prosodic boundary, the more probable schwa production is. While this is true for all the speakers, we also found considerable variation in the rates of schwa production, despite our controlling for dialect and style.
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.02aut
19
36
18
Chapter
3
01
Agreement and pronouns
Implications for partial control
1
A01
Jean-Marc Authier
Authier, Jean-Marc
Jean-Marc
Authier
The Pennsylvania State University
2
A01
Lisa A. Reed
Reed, Lisa A.
Lisa A.
Reed
The Pennsylvania State University
20
agree
20
partial control
20
plurality
20
secondary predicates
20
semantic agreement
01
This chapter compares the workings of agreement mismatches involving the French pronoun <i>on</i> with those involving PRO in partial control (PC) environments in order to advance our understanding of the type of plurality that has been assumed to be associated with the latter. The theoretical framework used to effect this comparison is the two-step theory of Agree argued for by Arregi and Nevins (2012) and Smith (2017). The evidence uncovered suggests that whatever is assumed to induce the plurality of PC PRO (e.g. Landau’s (2016b) associative morpheme) leaves neither morphological nor semantic agreement footprints. We also show that, on the LF side, the type of plural set denoted by PC PRO appears to be immune to any sort of quantificational manipulation. We are thus left with an inference of plurality with no tangible grammatical correlates, which points in the direction of a process of pragmatic associative reference along the lines of Haug (2014).
10
01
JB code
rllt.16.03cab
37
48
12
Chapter
4
01
Person/Number exponents in imperative-enclitic contexts
1
A01
Teresa Cabré
Cabré, Teresa
Teresa
Cabré
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
2
A01
Maria Ohannesian
Ohannesian, Maria
Maria
Ohannesian
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
deixis
20
enclisis
20
markedness
20
P/N exponent
20
reflexive
01
The goal of this paper is to analyse the partial or total deletion of the Person/Number exponents in imperative-enclitic contexts in Catalan and Spanish. Both languages lose phonological material in a specific context, but Spanish deletes the right-edge segment from the verb whereas Barcelona Catalan loses the left-edge segment of the clitic. Our aim is to account for the contrasting solutions shown by these two neighbouring languages using the same constraints but ranked differently in the Optimality Theory framework. OT allows us to put together different types of grammatical requirements, including distinctness requirements, particularly a positional OCP constraint on Person/Number features, and faithfulness conditions, specifically the condition related with morpheme realization, all of which interact with alignment and markedness constraints.
10
01
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49
64
16
Chapter
5
01
French causal <i>puisque</i>-clauses in the light of (not)-at-issueness
1
A01
Isabelle Charnavel
Charnavel, Isabelle
Isabelle
Charnavel
Harvard University
20
(not)-at-issueness
20
causal clauses
20
evidentiality
20
French
20
presupposition
20
projection
20
speech act
20
syntax/semantics
01
This paper examines the discourse status of French causal clauses introduced by <i>puisque</i> ‘since’. <i>Puisque</i>-clauses are associated with two implications: the relation expressed by <i>puisque</i> and the content of their clause. Several diagnostics show that neither implication is at-issue and that the two implications belong to two different types of projective content (cf. Tonhauser et al. 2013). This is due to syntactic and lexical reasons: the relation expressed by <i>puisque</i> is not at-issue because <i>puisque</i>-clauses modify high (evidential and speech act) phrases that are not at-issue; the content of the <i>puisque</i>-clause is not at-issue because <i>puisque</i> is lexically factive, i.e. selects true facts. <i>Puisque</i> thus exemplifies an unrecognized type of double presuppositional trigger.
10
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65
76
12
Chapter
6
01
Geminates and vowel laxing in Quebec French
1
A01
Anaële Cuerrier
Cuerrier, Anaële
Anaële
Cuerrier
Concordia University
2
A01
Charles Reiss
Reiss, Charles
Charles
Reiss
Concordia University
20
French
20
geminate
20
laxing
20
phonology
20
Quebec French
20
syllable
20
vowel harmony
01
Laxing and harmony in Quebec French (QF) high vowels shows dialectal, register and perhaps even lexical variation. A recent proposal to handle some of the data (Poliquin 2006) contains a radical innovation to phonological theory concerning long-distance segment interactions. We question the necessity of such an account by pointing out that recognition of geminate sonorants in QF can explain some puzzling forms without recourse to new devices. Our account is supported by phonetic considerations, as well as by recognizing that the alternative both under and overgenerates lax vowels in surface forms.
10
01
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92
16
Chapter
7
01
Number as an adjunct in Romance
1
A01
Sonia M. L. Cyrino
Cyrino, Sonia M. L.
Sonia M. L.
Cyrino
University of Campinas
2
A01
M. Teresa Espinal
Espinal, M. Teresa
M. Teresa
Espinal
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
adjunct
20
determiner
20
nominalizer
20
pluralizer
20
Romance
01
In this paper, we argue that Spanish (and other Romance languages such as Catalan), contrary to what has been believed up to now, patterns with languages such as Brazilian Portuguese and French. We present several different arguments to support our proposal that in the Romance languages we investigate plural marking is specified and interpreted on functional categories, namely on Determiners. We propose that in these languages plural marking is a syntactic adjunct to D (i.e., a categorized <i>d</i> root) by default, and to a categorized <i>n</i> root in marked cases. Manifestations of (plural) Number on other constituents within the nominal domain are to be considered solely as the output of morphophonological agreement or concord.
10
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108
16
Chapter
8
01
A sociophonetic investigation of Mexico City Spanish vowel reduction
A
sociophonetic investigation of Mexico City Spanish vowel reduction
1
A01
Meghan Frances Dabkowski
Dabkowski, Meghan Frances
Meghan Frances
Dabkowski
University of Delaware, Department of Languages, Literatures & Cultures
20
Mexican Spanish
20
phonetics
20
phonology
20
sociolinguistic variation
20
Spanish dialectology
01
This study is the first to use acoustic data to investigate linguistic and social factors conditioning phonetic vowel reduction in Mexico City Spanish. The acoustic analysis reveals that two complementary strategies are used for reduction: voice weakening and shortening. Voice weakening affects all vowels at relatively similar rates, and is favored by preceding voiceless consonants, following voiceless consonants, and following pauses, and is most frequent in post-tonic position. Shortening affects high vowels and /o/, and is favored by preceding and following voiceless consonants, and is most frequent in pre-tonic position and unstressed monosyllabic words. These results support an articulatory gestural overlap analysis, in which characteristics of articulatory timing and movement account for the variation.
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01
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132
24
Chapter
9
01
Computational quantitative syntax
The case of Universal 18
1
A01
Kristina Gulordava
Gulordava, Kristina
Kristina
Gulordava
University of Geneva
2
A01
Paola Merlo
Merlo, Paola
Paola
Merlo
University of Geneva
20
adjective-noun order
20
Ancient Greek
20
corpus counts
20
Latin
20
modelling
20
noun-numeral order
20
quantitative syntax
20
treebanks
20
Universal 18
01
Accounting for the constraints on the possible word orders of a sentence in a language and across the world languages is a core challenge for syntactic theory. In the spirit of computational quantitative syntax, in this paper we present quantitative evidence about Universal 18. We show that corpus data confirms a dispreference for the word order combination where adjectives precede but numerals follow the nouns (Adj-N and N-Num). We then investigate if this dispreference is better explained as a constraint expressed at the level of the dominant orders or at the level of individual structures. Corpus counts support the latter interpretation. Finally, we propose a formal model of how this bias against Adj-N-Num orders can be integrated in the grammar.
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154
22
Chapter
10
01
Trajectories of change in Spanish and Portuguese in the Americas
1
A01
Gregory R. Guy
Guy, Gregory R.
Gregory R.
Guy
New York University
20
African influences
20
dialects
20
innovation
20
language change
20
language contact
01
This paper examines ways in which varieties of Spanish and Portuguese spoken in the Americas have diverged significantly from their peninsular sources, and from each other, in the half-millennium since colonization. Some of this divergence is a consequence of spontaneous innovations in the New World varieties (e.g., ‘zheismo’ and ‘sheismo’ in Platense Spanish; emergence of the new 1<sc>pl</sc> pronoun <i>a gente</i> in Brazilian Portuguese). Historically, a significant driver of change was language contact, with indigenous languages, and especially with African languages. A suite of linguistic characteristics shared by Caribbean Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese indicate that both varieties were affected by the irregular transmission of these languages to the African population transported to these locations in the time of slavery.
10
01
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155
170
16
Chapter
11
01
Clause typing and Quebec French -<i>tu</i>
1
A01
Daniela Isac
Isac, Daniela
Daniela
Isac
Concordia University
2
A01
Justin Royer
Royer, Justin
Justin
Royer
McGill University
20
Addressee
20
epistemic commitment
20
Modality
20
Polarity
20
Quebec French
20
Speaker
20
tu
01
This paper focuses on the Quebec French particle -<i>tu</i>, which occurs in interrogatives, exclamatives and declaratives indicating surprise. We propose that -<i>tu</i> is the overt instantiation of a polarity (Pol) head that is neither negative nor positive and that -<i>tu</i> also carries an epistemic modality (Mod) feature that is keyed to an ignorant Speaker (S) and a knowledgeable Addressee (A).
10
01
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186
16
Chapter
12
01
The syntax of superlative phrases in Romance
The
syntax of superlative phrases in Romance
1
A01
Nicoletta Loccioni
Loccioni, Nicoletta
Nicoletta
Loccioni
UCLA
20
adnominal modification
20
definiteness
20
degree phrases
20
DP structure
20
French
20
Italian
20
superlatives
01
In this paper, prenominal and postnominal superlatives in Romance are argued not to differ as a result of NP-movement (or lack thereof) to cross the adjective, but to result from two different derivations. In prenominal superlatives, the adjective is attracted to a high scope position in the DP-area of numerals where it can’t be bypassed by the NP. In postnominal superlatives, the superlative starts out as a predicate (a maximalizing relative clause over degrees) and it ends up postnominal (as any other relative clause in Romance).
10
01
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187
202
16
Chapter
13
01
On recomplementation, high adverbs and V-movement in Spanish
1
A01
Gabriel Martínez Vera
Martínez Vera, Gabriel
Gabriel
Martínez Vera
University of Connecticut
20
adverbs
20
complementizer
20
left periphery
20
phases
20
Spanish
01
I address the structure of the Spanish left periphery regarding recomplementation, i.e., double-complementizer constructions. I establish a contrast between Latin American Spanish (LAS) and European Spanish (ES): while there is an overt low complementizer <i>que</i> in ES, there is a null low complementizer in LAS – this is a novel empirical observation. The latter is different from the construction where low <i>que</i> is absent in ES: the null low complementizer in LAS patterns with the overt low complementizer in ES with respect to the phenomena discussed in this paper. I further tie this difference to the height of V-movement and adverb placement in LAS and ES. I then propose a phase-based account of the contrast.
10
01
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203
218
16
Chapter
14
01
Articles in an article-less language
Romanian-Serbian code-switching
1
A01
Vanessa Petroj
Petroj, Vanessa
Vanessa
Petroj
University of Connecticut
20
code-switching
20
DP/NP parameter setting
20
Free Morpheme Constraint
20
Functional Head Constraint
20
PF Disjunction Theorem
20
Romanian
20
Serbian
20
syntax
01
I will explore the interaction between Romanian and Serbian elements within the Traditional Noun Phrase (TNP) that participate in code-switching, including Romanian definite articles (D), Romanian and Serbian adjectives (A), and Serbian nouns (N), focusing on the definite article affixation. Following Bošković (2008, 2012), I assume Serbian to be an NP language (lacking definite articles) and Romanian a DP language (having definite articles), leading to semantic and syntactic consequences for the rest of the structure. Finally, I argue against CS-specific constraints such as Free Morpheme Constraint (Poplack 1980), Functional Head Constraint (Belazi, Rubin, & Toribio 1994), and PF Disjunction Theorem (MacSwan 1999), and in support of Bandi-Rao and den Dikken (2014) reformulated PF Disjunction Theorem.
10
01
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219
240
22
Chapter
15
01
Split auxiliary selection with affected subjects in Old Majorcan Catalan
1
A01
Sebastià Salvà i Puig
Salvà i Puig, Sebastià
Sebastià
Salvà i Puig
Centre de Lingüística Teòrica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
20
affected subject
20
Majorcan Catalan
20
nanosyntactic lexicalization
20
Northern Catalan
20
person-driven auxiliary selection
20
possessive/interest relationship
20
split auxiliary selection
20
subject of result construction
20
unaccusativity
20
undergoer
01
We aim to shed light on the split auxiliary selection found in Old Majorcan Catalan, in constructions where, instead of <i>haver</i> (‘have’), <i>esser</i> (‘be’) is used as the auxiliary verb for compound tenses, although just with persons 1 & 2; not only with unaccusative verbs, but also with transitive and unergative verbs. We claim that, in fact, these constructions have affected or undergoer subjects, derived from a lower position: at least, [Spec, ProcessP]. Hence, this system for auxiliary selection is mixed: both person-driven and event-driven. The Majorcan data provide evidence in favour of Ramchand’s (2008; 2018) decomposition of the <i>v</i>P, and for a nanosyntactic lexicalization of the auxiliaries: <i>haver</i> lexicalizes a chunk such as [Aux, <i>i</i>*], while <i>esser</i> lexicalizes only [Aux], in case a Person<sub>[+participant]</sub> head intervenes.
10
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258
18
Chapter
16
01
Palenque (Colombia)
African language survivals and their identification
1
A01
Armin Schwegler
Schwegler, Armin
Armin
Schwegler
University of California, Irvine
20
Africanisms
20
language and identity
20
Palenque
20
Palenquero
01
This article examines the revitalization of African language survivals in the former maroon community of Palenque, Colombia. During much of the 20th century, lexical Africanisms in everyday Palenquero creole were scant. Ritual language (<i>Lumbalú</i>) and the speech of a few elderly Palenqueros still contained isolated Africanisms, but these had become archaic, nearing extinction. <br />Profound sociolinguistic changes in Palenque in the 1980-90s introduced sentiments of <i>negritud</i> (‘black awareness’) and appreciation for “all things African”, <i>lexicalia</i> included. Thus, younger Palenqueros – with the help of some <i>Lengua</i> teachers – developed lists of Afro-Palenquero archaisms, rescuing them from oblivion. Various mechanisms spread these <i>lexicalia “africana”</i> to the wider speech community, where they are embraced as an index of their maroon and Afro-Colombian identity.
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274
16
Chapter
17
01
Inflected infinitives in Galician
1
A01
Michelle Sheehan
Sheehan, Michelle
Michelle
Sheehan
Anglia Ruskin University
2
A01
Jeffrey Blokzijl
Blokzijl, Jeffrey
Jeffrey
Blokzijl
Leiden University
3
A01
M. Carmen Parafita Couto
Parafita Couto, M. Carmen
M. Carmen
Parafita Couto
Leiden University
20
control
20
finiteness
20
Galician
20
gender
20
inflected infinitives
01
This study uses an audio-questionnaire, supplemented by spoken corpus data, to probe the acceptability of Galician inflected infinitives in different syntactic contexts. Our results reveal that inflected infinitives in Galician are acceptable in a different range of contexts than in closely related Portuguese, and also in a broader range of contexts than previously reported for this language. Intra-speaker variation appears to correlate most strongly with L1 (Spanish/Galician) and gender, with a trend for men and L1 Spanish speakers to be more accepting of the inflected infinitive.
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4
Miscellaneous
18
01
Index
02
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