Previous code-switching literature argues that no switch takes place between a pronoun and a verb, while Determiner Phrases (DPs) do code-switch. This paper uses code-switching acceptability judgment data elicited from three groups of English–Spanish bilinguals (2L1 children, L2 English children and L2 English adults) to test: (i) van Gelderen & MacSwan’s (2008) PF disjunction theorem intended to account for the DP/pronoun divide; and (ii) an agreement version of the analogical criterion (Liceras et al. 2008) which is based on Pesetsky & Torrego’s (2001) double-feature valuation mechanism intended to account for the different status of third person versus first and second person pronominal subjects. We show that the PF disjunction theorem is clearly rooted in the mind of the bilingual and that the Spanish dominant bilinguals can ‘relax’ its requirements to value person agreement features as predicted by the double-feature valuation mechanism.
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Liceras, Juana M., Raquel Fernández Fuertes, Susana Perales, Rocío Pérez-Tattam, and Kenton Todd Spradlin. 2008. “Gender and Gender Agreement in Bilingual Native and Non-native Grammars: A View from Child and Adult Functional-lexical Mixings.” Lingua 118: 827-851.
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Valdés Kroff, Jorge, Paola Dussias, Chip Gerfen, Rosa Guzzardo Tamargo, Jason Gullifer, and Donna Coffman. 2011. “Using Experimental Methods to Investigate Spanish-English Code-switching: Eye-tracking as a Window into On-line Comprehension.” Paper presented at the LSRL 41, Ottawa, Canada, May 2011.
van Gelderen, Elly, and Jeff MacSwan. 2008. “Interface Conditions and Code-switching: Pronouns, Lexical DPs, and Checking Theory.” Lingua 118: 765-776.
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2018. Can agreement be suppressed in second-language acquisition? Data from the Palenquero–Spanish interface. Second Language Research 34:3 ► pp. 309 ff.
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