474007018 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code SCL 31 Hb 15 9789027223050 06 10.1075/scl.31 13 2008006978 00 BB 01 245 mm 02 164 mm 08 690 gr 10 01 JB code SCL 02 1388-0373 02 31.00 01 02 Studies in Corpus Linguistics Studies in Corpus Linguistics 01 01 Corpora and Discourse The challenges of different settings Corpora and Discourse: The challenges of different settings 1 B01 01 JB code 339095801 Annelie Ädel Ädel, Annelie Annelie Ädel University of Michigan, USA 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/339095801 2 B01 01 JB code 830095802 Randi Reppen Reppen, Randi Randi Reppen Northern Arizona University, USA 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/830095802 01 eng 11 304 03 03 vi 03 00 295 03 01 22 401/.410285 03 2008 P302.3 04 Discourse analysis--Data processing. 04 Corpora (Linguistics) 10 LAN009000 12 CFG 24 JB code LIN.CORP Corpus linguistics 24 JB code LIN.DISC Discourse studies 24 JB code LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 01 06 03 00 This book brings together contributions from a diverse collection of scholars who explore different ways of combining corpus linguistics and discourse analysis, studying discourse at the prosodic, lexical, and textual levels. Both spoken and written discourse are investigated in a variety of settings, including academia, the workplace, news, and entertainment. Not only does the volume offer a rich sample of English-language discourse from around the world­, including international, learner, and non-standard varieties of English, ­but it also covers a range of topics and methods. This book will be of particular interest to researchers and students specializing in discourse studies, English linguistics, and corpus linguistics. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/scl.31.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027223050.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027223050.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/scl.31.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/scl.31.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/scl.31.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/scl.31.hb.png 01 01 JB code scl.31.01ade 06 10.1075/scl.31.01ade 1 6 6 Article 1 01 04 1. The challenges of different settings: An overview 1. The challenges of different settings: An overview 1 A01 01 JB code 11095916 Annelie Ädel Ädel, Annelie Annelie Ädel 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/11095916 2 A01 01 JB code 187095917 Randi Reppen Reppen, Randi Randi Reppen 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/187095917 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.02sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.02sec 7 7 1 Section header 2 01 04 Section I. Exploring discourse in academic settings Section I. Exploring discourse in academic settings 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.03wal 06 10.1075/scl.31.03wal 9 29 21 Article 3 01 04 2. 'post-colonialism, multi-culturalism, structuralism, feminism, post-modernism and so on and so forth': A comparative analysis of vague category markers in academic discourse 2. '…post-colonialism, multi-culturalism, structuralism, feminism, post-modernism and so on and so forth': A comparative analysis of vague category markers in academic discourse 1 A01 01 JB code 554095918 Steve Walsh Walsh, Steve Steve Walsh Newcastle University, UK 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/554095918 2 A01 01 JB code 651095919 Anne O'Keeffe O'Keeffe, Anne Anne O'Keeffe Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick, Ireland 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/651095919 3 A01 01 JB code 849095920 Michael McCarthy McCarthy, Michael Michael McCarthy University of Nottingham, UK 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/849095920 01 eng 03 00

The use of vague language is one of themost common features of everyday spoken English. Speakers regularly use vague expressions to project shared knowledge (e.g., pens, books, and that sort of thing) as well as to make approximations (e.g. around sevenish; he’s sort of tall). Research shows that many of the most common single word items in a core vocabulary form part of vague language fixed expressions (e.g. thing in that kind of thing). This chapter will address the use of vague language in a new corpus of academic English, the Limerick-Belfast Corpus of Academic Spoken English (LIBEL CASE). The LIBEL corpus consists of one million words of spoken data collected in two universities on the island of Ireland, one in the Republic of Ireland and one in Northern Ireland. Analysis of the LIBEL corpus identified forms and functions of vague language in an academic context and these findings are compared with two corpora of everyday spoken language from the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom, the Limerick Corpus of Irish English (LCIE) and the Cambridge and Nottingham Corpus of Discourse in English (CANCODE). Cross-corpora comparison allowed us to look at how forms and frequencies of certain vague language expressions vary across casual and formal/institutional contexts. Within the academic data we build onWalsh’s work (see for example Walsh 2002, 2006) to show how vague language use is relative to mode of discourse at any given stage of classroom interaction. We suggest that these qualitative differences are a valuable means of understanding the complex relationship between language and learning.

01 01 JB code scl.31.04bon 06 10.1075/scl.31.04bon 31 55 25 Article 4 01 04 3. Emphatics in academic discourse: Integrating corpus and discourse tools in the study of cross-disciplinary variation 3. Emphatics in academic discourse: Integrating corpus and discourse tools in the study of cross-disciplinary variation 1 A01 01 JB code 176095921 Marina Bondi Bondi, Marina Marina Bondi University ofModena and Reggio Emilia, Italy 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/176095921 01 eng 03 00

The role played by mitigation in academic discourse has been widely debated in the literature, but little attention has been paid to emphatics, expressions used to intensify the degree of certainty of an utterance and to increase its illocutionary force. Focusing on the use of adverbs in journal articles and on their evaluative orientations/parameters, the chapter looks at how their frequencies, meanings and uses vary across two “soft” disciplines: history and economics. The study combines a corpus and a discourse perspective, and shows that emphatics signal “engagement” as well as “stance”, by positioning research in the context of disciplinary debate, highlighting the significance of the data or the conclusions produced, negotiating convergent or conflicting positions with the reader.

01 01 JB code scl.31.05san 06 10.1075/scl.31.05san 57 92 36 Article 5 01 04 4. Interaction, identity and culture in academic writing: The case of German, British and American academics in the humanities 4. Interaction, identity and culture in academic writing: The case of German, British and American academics in the humanities 1 A01 01 JB code 486095922 Tamsin Sanderson Sanderson, Tamsin Tamsin Sanderson University of Freiburg, Germany 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/486095922 01 eng 03 00

This chapter aims to illustrate one way in which corpus-linguistic methods and specialised corpora can be combined in work on academic discourse. It reports selected findings from a study of social interaction in research articles written by German, British and US-American humanities academics, based on the 1-million-word SCEGADcorpus.While the main interest of the project was in possible cultural differences in academic discourse, statistical analysis was used to examine the influence also of linguistic background, discipline, author age, status and gender on the construction of identity and the encoding of social relations in academic writing. The findings reveal significant cultural differences, but also demonstrate the influence of variables such as discipline, gender and academic status on author-reader interaction and identity construction in scholarly texts.

01 01 JB code scl.31.06sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.06sec 93 93 1 Section header 6 01 04 Section II. Exploring discourse in workplace settings Section II. Exploring discourse in workplace settings 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.07vau 06 10.1075/scl.31.07vau 95 115 21 Article 7 01 04 5. 'Got a date or something?': A corpus analysis of the role of humour and laughter in the workplace meetings of English language teachers 5. 'Got a date or something?': A corpus analysis of the role of humour and laughter in the workplace meetings of English language teachers 1 A01 01 JB code 456095923 Elaine Vaughan Vaughan, Elaine Elaine Vaughan Mary Immaculate College, Ireland 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/456095923 01 eng 03 00

This chapter brings instances of humour and laughter into relief using a corpus of authentic institutional interaction of English language teachers in school staff meetings. Humour is used within the meetings as a means of showing mutual support and creating solidarity. The corpus also contains a large proportion of subversive humour, or humour which is directed against the institution, individuals in the group, the group itself and the students. Identifying humour in the data is not a simple case of finding instances of laughter or assuming that it signifies either the intention of the speaker to elicit laughter, or to be humorous.However, wherever humour is manifested, laughter frequently occurs. The methodological issue of identifying and transcribing humour is discussed.

01 01 JB code scl.31.08flo 06 10.1075/scl.31.08flo 117 131 15 Article 8 01 04 6. Determining discourse-based moves in professional reports 6. Determining discourse-based moves in professional reports 1 A01 01 JB code 60095924 Lynne Flowerdew Flowerdew, Lynne Lynne Flowerdew Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/60095924 01 eng 03 00

This chapter reports on a study which combines corpus-based and genrebased approaches to the analysis of a 225,000-word corpus of 60 environmental recommendation-based reports. I first describe the discourse-based coding system, which draws on the concept of genre move structure analysis, accounting for three different, but inter-related levels of text: (i) macrostructure; (ii) genre structure, and (iii) textual patterning, i.e. elements of the Problem-Solution pattern. I then describe the keyword analysis for the corpus as a whole and the key-key word analysis for each individual report. These keyword analyses provide internal linguistic evidence for classifying the reports as Problem-Solution based. An analysis of selected words (problem / problems and impact / impacts) reveals that their collocational behavior and involvement in certain causative phrases are related to specific discourse-based move structures.

01 01 JB code scl.31.09che 06 10.1075/scl.31.09che 135 153 19 Article 9 01 04 7. // --> ONE country two SYStems //: The discourse intonation patterns of word associations 7. // --> ONE country two SYStems //: The discourse intonation patterns of word associations 1 A01 01 JB code 303095925 Winnie Cheng Cheng, Winnie Winnie Cheng The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/303095925 2 A01 01 JB code 501095926 Martin Warren Warren, Martin Martin Warren The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/501095926 01 eng 03 00

This study examines the relationship between the phraseological characteristics of language and the communicative role of discourse intonation (Brazil 1997). The findings are based on one of the four sub-corpora of the one-million-word Hong Kong Corpus of Spoken English (HKCSE), which has been prosodically transcribed. A number of studies have looked at word associations, but this is the first corpus-based study of speakers’ discourse intonation choices for these patterns. The intonational features, viz. tone unit boundaries and prominences, of the ten most frequent 3- and 4-lexically-rich word associations and the ten most frequent grammatically-rich word associations in the sub-corpus of public discourse, which forms 25% of the HKCSE, were examined to determine the extent to which this patterning also reveals patterns of discourse intonation. The findings suggest that discourse intonation patterns do exist in terms of tone unit boundaries and the distribution of prominence. However, while discourse intonation patterns are discernible, speakers may, and indeed do, deviate from them in order to alter their discourse-specific communicative role.

01 01 JB code scl.31.10sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.10sec 155 155 1 Section header 10 01 04 Section III. Exploring discourse in news and entertainment Section III. Exploring discourse in news and entertainment 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.11gar 06 10.1075/scl.31.11gar 157 187 31 Article 11 01 04 8. Who's speaking?: Evidentiality in US newspapers during the 2004 presidential campaign 8. Who's speaking?: Evidentiality in US newspapers during the 2004 presidential campaign 1 A01 01 JB code 895095927 Gregory Garretson Garretson, Gregory Gregory Garretson Boston University and University of Michigan, USA 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/895095927 2 A01 01 JB code 41095928 Annelie Ädel Ädel, Annelie Annelie Ädel 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/41095928 01 eng 03 00

We examine a corpus of texts drawn from 11 US newspapers and related to the 2004 US presidential election, focusing on hearsay evidentiality, the reporting of what one has heard from others. Motivated by the general question of whether bias exists in news reporting, we analyze the sources to whom statements in the corpus are attributed, in order to determine who gets to speak through the press, and whether there is balance between the two sides in this election. We also examine the ways in which speech is reported, asking questions about the use of direct vs. indirect speech, the explicitness of source identification, and the effects that the choice of reporting word can have on the portrayal of a source. Although we find slight evidence of an apparent preference for one candidate or the other in certain papers, overall we find no statistically significant differences that could be construed as bias.

01 01 JB code scl.31.12qua 06 10.1075/scl.31.12qua 189 210 22 Article 12 01 04 9. Television dialogue and natural conversation: Linguistic similarities and functional differences 9. Television dialogue and natural conversation: Linguistic similarities and functional differences 1 A01 01 JB code 257095929 Paulo Quaglio Quaglio, Paulo Paulo Quaglio State University of New York at Cortland, USA 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/257095929 01 eng 03 00

Motivated by ESL (English as a Second Language) concerns, this study compares the language of a U.S. situation comedy, Friends, with natural conversation. A corpus of transcripts of the television show and the American conversation subcorpus of the Longman Grammar Corpus are used for analysis. This data-driven investigation combines multidimensional (MD) methodology (Biber 1988) with a frequency-based analysis of a large number of linguistic features associated with the typical characteristics of face-to-face conversation. The results of the MD analysis indicate that Friends shares the core linguistic characteristics of face-to-face conversation, thus constituting a fairly accurate representation of natural conversation for ESL purposes. However, a closer look at the linguistic features revealed interesting functional differences between the two corpora. These differences pointed to distinct functional patterns (e.g., vagueness, emotional language) suggested by the association of linguistic features sharing similar discourse functions.

01 01 JB code scl.31.13bee 06 10.1075/scl.31.13bee 211 240 30 Article 13 01 04 10. A corpus approach to discursive construction of hip-hop identity 10. A corpus approach to discursive construction of hip-hop identity 1 A01 01 JB code 306095930 Kristy Beers Fägersten Beers Fägersten, Kristy Kristy Beers Fägersten Universität des Saarlandes, Germany 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/306095930 01 eng 03 00

This chapter is an analysis of a 100,000-word corpus consisting of message-board postings on hip-hop websites. A discourse analysis of this corpus reveals three strategies employed by the posters to identify themselves as members of the hip-hop community in the otherwise anonymous setting of the internet: (1) defined openings and closings, (2) repeated use of slang and taboo terms, and (3) performance of verbal art. Each strategy is characterized by the codification of non-standard grammar and pronunciations characteristic of speech, as well as by the use of non-standard orthography. The purpose of the discourse is shown to be a performance of identity, whereby language is used and recognized as the discursive construction of one’s hip-hop identity.

01 01 JB code scl.31.14sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.14sec 241 241 1 Section header 14 01 04 Section IV. Exploring discourse through specific linguistic features Section IV. Exploring discourse through specific linguistic features 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.15joh 06 10.1075/scl.31.15joh 243 265 23 Article 15 01 04 11. The use of the it-cleft construction in 19th-century English 11. The use of the it-cleft construction in 19th-century English 1 A01 01 JB code 94095931 Christine Johansson Johansson, Christine Christine Johansson Uppsala University, Sweden 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/94095931 01 eng 03 00

This chapter offers a new description of the use of the it-cleft construction in nineteenth-century English. The data for the present study are primarily from historical corpora (a corpus of nineteenth-century English, CONCE, and the Helsinki Corpus of English Texts), but findings from modern corpora and studies of cleft constructions in present-day English (e.g. Collins 1991) are also presented. The results show that it-clefts become more frequent in the 19th century and particularly in speech-related texts, such as trials. This is contrary to both earlier and later periods of English, where it-clefts are more common in written English. The chapter discusses how the structure of the it-cleft and its thematic organisation may have contributed to its increased frequency in 19th-century English. An in-depth analysis of the forms and functions of it-clefts in trials, the genre that most closely represents spoken English of the period, is provided.

01 01 JB code scl.31.16cra 06 10.1075/scl.31.16cra 267 287 21 Article 16 01 04 12. Place and time adverbials in native and non-native English student writing 12. Place and time adverbials in native and non-native English student writing 1 A01 01 JB code 422095932 William J. Crawford Crawford, William J. William J. Crawford Northern Arizona University, USA 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/422095932 01 eng 03 00

This chapter builds on previous research that has established the spoken nature of learner writing by providing quantitative and qualitative accounts of time and place adverbs of student writing in comparison to published academic English writing and native English conversation. The chapter shows that the frequency differences among learner groups are not nearly as great as the frequency differences between student writing and conversation. The qualitative analyses point to some L1-L2 differences, particularly with respect to here. The other most pronounced differences were not found as L1-L2 differences but instead showed evidence of divergence due to language background.

01 01 JB code scl.31.17aut 06 10.1075/scl.31.17aut 289 289 1 Miscellaneous 17 01 04 Author index Author index 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.18cor 06 10.1075/scl.31.18cor 291 291 1 Miscellaneous 18 01 04 Corpus and tools index Corpus and tools index 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.19sub 06 10.1075/scl.31.19sub 293 295 3 Miscellaneous 19 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/scl.31 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20080626 C 2008 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2008 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD WORLD US CA MX 09 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 21 23 24 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 105.00 EUR 02 00 Unqualified price 02 88.00 01 Z 0 GBP GB US CA MX 01 01 JB 2 John Benjamins Publishing Company +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 21 23 24 01 00 Unqualified price 02 JB 1 02 158.00 USD
478007412 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code SCL 31 Eb 15 9789027290458 06 10.1075/scl.31 00 EA E107 10 01 JB code SCL 02 1388-0373 02 31.00 01 02 Studies in Corpus Linguistics Studies in Corpus Linguistics 11 01 JB code jbe-all 01 02 Full EBA collection (ca. 4,200 titles) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-all 01 02 Complete backlist (3,208 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Complete backlist (1967–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-scl 01 02 Studies in Corpus Linguistics (vols. 1–66, 1998–2015) 05 02 SCL (vols. 1–66, 1998–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-linguistics 01 02 Subject collection: Linguistics (2,773 titles, 1967–2015) 05 02 Linguistics (1967–2015) 11 01 JB code jbe-2015-pragmatics 01 02 Subject collection: Pragmatics (804 titles, 1978–2015) 05 02 Pragmatics (1978–2015) 01 01 Corpora and Discourse The challenges of different settings Corpora and Discourse: The challenges of different settings 1 B01 01 JB code 339095801 Annelie Ädel Ädel, Annelie Annelie Ädel University of Michigan, USA 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/339095801 2 B01 01 JB code 830095802 Randi Reppen Reppen, Randi Randi Reppen Northern Arizona University, USA 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/830095802 01 eng 11 304 03 03 vi 03 00 295 03 01 22 401/.410285 03 2008 P302.3 04 Discourse analysis--Data processing. 04 Corpora (Linguistics) 10 LAN009000 12 CFG 24 JB code LIN.CORP Corpus linguistics 24 JB code LIN.DISC Discourse studies 24 JB code LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 01 06 03 00 This book brings together contributions from a diverse collection of scholars who explore different ways of combining corpus linguistics and discourse analysis, studying discourse at the prosodic, lexical, and textual levels. Both spoken and written discourse are investigated in a variety of settings, including academia, the workplace, news, and entertainment. Not only does the volume offer a rich sample of English-language discourse from around the world­, including international, learner, and non-standard varieties of English, ­but it also covers a range of topics and methods. This book will be of particular interest to researchers and students specializing in discourse studies, English linguistics, and corpus linguistics. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/scl.31.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027223050.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027223050.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/scl.31.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/scl.31.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/scl.31.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/scl.31.hb.png 01 01 JB code scl.31.01ade 06 10.1075/scl.31.01ade 1 6 6 Article 1 01 04 1. The challenges of different settings: An overview 1. The challenges of different settings: An overview 1 A01 01 JB code 11095916 Annelie Ädel Ädel, Annelie Annelie Ädel 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/11095916 2 A01 01 JB code 187095917 Randi Reppen Reppen, Randi Randi Reppen 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/187095917 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.02sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.02sec 7 7 1 Section header 2 01 04 Section I. Exploring discourse in academic settings Section I. Exploring discourse in academic settings 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.03wal 06 10.1075/scl.31.03wal 9 29 21 Article 3 01 04 2. 'post-colonialism, multi-culturalism, structuralism, feminism, post-modernism and so on and so forth': A comparative analysis of vague category markers in academic discourse 2. '…post-colonialism, multi-culturalism, structuralism, feminism, post-modernism and so on and so forth': A comparative analysis of vague category markers in academic discourse 1 A01 01 JB code 554095918 Steve Walsh Walsh, Steve Steve Walsh Newcastle University, UK 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/554095918 2 A01 01 JB code 651095919 Anne O'Keeffe O'Keeffe, Anne Anne O'Keeffe Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick, Ireland 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/651095919 3 A01 01 JB code 849095920 Michael McCarthy McCarthy, Michael Michael McCarthy University of Nottingham, UK 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/849095920 01 eng 03 00

The use of vague language is one of themost common features of everyday spoken English. Speakers regularly use vague expressions to project shared knowledge (e.g., pens, books, and that sort of thing) as well as to make approximations (e.g. around sevenish; he’s sort of tall). Research shows that many of the most common single word items in a core vocabulary form part of vague language fixed expressions (e.g. thing in that kind of thing). This chapter will address the use of vague language in a new corpus of academic English, the Limerick-Belfast Corpus of Academic Spoken English (LIBEL CASE). The LIBEL corpus consists of one million words of spoken data collected in two universities on the island of Ireland, one in the Republic of Ireland and one in Northern Ireland. Analysis of the LIBEL corpus identified forms and functions of vague language in an academic context and these findings are compared with two corpora of everyday spoken language from the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom, the Limerick Corpus of Irish English (LCIE) and the Cambridge and Nottingham Corpus of Discourse in English (CANCODE). Cross-corpora comparison allowed us to look at how forms and frequencies of certain vague language expressions vary across casual and formal/institutional contexts. Within the academic data we build onWalsh’s work (see for example Walsh 2002, 2006) to show how vague language use is relative to mode of discourse at any given stage of classroom interaction. We suggest that these qualitative differences are a valuable means of understanding the complex relationship between language and learning.

01 01 JB code scl.31.04bon 06 10.1075/scl.31.04bon 31 55 25 Article 4 01 04 3. Emphatics in academic discourse: Integrating corpus and discourse tools in the study of cross-disciplinary variation 3. Emphatics in academic discourse: Integrating corpus and discourse tools in the study of cross-disciplinary variation 1 A01 01 JB code 176095921 Marina Bondi Bondi, Marina Marina Bondi University ofModena and Reggio Emilia, Italy 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/176095921 01 eng 03 00

The role played by mitigation in academic discourse has been widely debated in the literature, but little attention has been paid to emphatics, expressions used to intensify the degree of certainty of an utterance and to increase its illocutionary force. Focusing on the use of adverbs in journal articles and on their evaluative orientations/parameters, the chapter looks at how their frequencies, meanings and uses vary across two “soft” disciplines: history and economics. The study combines a corpus and a discourse perspective, and shows that emphatics signal “engagement” as well as “stance”, by positioning research in the context of disciplinary debate, highlighting the significance of the data or the conclusions produced, negotiating convergent or conflicting positions with the reader.

01 01 JB code scl.31.05san 06 10.1075/scl.31.05san 57 92 36 Article 5 01 04 4. Interaction, identity and culture in academic writing: The case of German, British and American academics in the humanities 4. Interaction, identity and culture in academic writing: The case of German, British and American academics in the humanities 1 A01 01 JB code 486095922 Tamsin Sanderson Sanderson, Tamsin Tamsin Sanderson University of Freiburg, Germany 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/486095922 01 eng 03 00

This chapter aims to illustrate one way in which corpus-linguistic methods and specialised corpora can be combined in work on academic discourse. It reports selected findings from a study of social interaction in research articles written by German, British and US-American humanities academics, based on the 1-million-word SCEGADcorpus.While the main interest of the project was in possible cultural differences in academic discourse, statistical analysis was used to examine the influence also of linguistic background, discipline, author age, status and gender on the construction of identity and the encoding of social relations in academic writing. The findings reveal significant cultural differences, but also demonstrate the influence of variables such as discipline, gender and academic status on author-reader interaction and identity construction in scholarly texts.

01 01 JB code scl.31.06sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.06sec 93 93 1 Section header 6 01 04 Section II. Exploring discourse in workplace settings Section II. Exploring discourse in workplace settings 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.07vau 06 10.1075/scl.31.07vau 95 115 21 Article 7 01 04 5. 'Got a date or something?': A corpus analysis of the role of humour and laughter in the workplace meetings of English language teachers 5. 'Got a date or something?': A corpus analysis of the role of humour and laughter in the workplace meetings of English language teachers 1 A01 01 JB code 456095923 Elaine Vaughan Vaughan, Elaine Elaine Vaughan Mary Immaculate College, Ireland 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/456095923 01 eng 03 00

This chapter brings instances of humour and laughter into relief using a corpus of authentic institutional interaction of English language teachers in school staff meetings. Humour is used within the meetings as a means of showing mutual support and creating solidarity. The corpus also contains a large proportion of subversive humour, or humour which is directed against the institution, individuals in the group, the group itself and the students. Identifying humour in the data is not a simple case of finding instances of laughter or assuming that it signifies either the intention of the speaker to elicit laughter, or to be humorous.However, wherever humour is manifested, laughter frequently occurs. The methodological issue of identifying and transcribing humour is discussed.

01 01 JB code scl.31.08flo 06 10.1075/scl.31.08flo 117 131 15 Article 8 01 04 6. Determining discourse-based moves in professional reports 6. Determining discourse-based moves in professional reports 1 A01 01 JB code 60095924 Lynne Flowerdew Flowerdew, Lynne Lynne Flowerdew Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/60095924 01 eng 03 00

This chapter reports on a study which combines corpus-based and genrebased approaches to the analysis of a 225,000-word corpus of 60 environmental recommendation-based reports. I first describe the discourse-based coding system, which draws on the concept of genre move structure analysis, accounting for three different, but inter-related levels of text: (i) macrostructure; (ii) genre structure, and (iii) textual patterning, i.e. elements of the Problem-Solution pattern. I then describe the keyword analysis for the corpus as a whole and the key-key word analysis for each individual report. These keyword analyses provide internal linguistic evidence for classifying the reports as Problem-Solution based. An analysis of selected words (problem / problems and impact / impacts) reveals that their collocational behavior and involvement in certain causative phrases are related to specific discourse-based move structures.

01 01 JB code scl.31.09che 06 10.1075/scl.31.09che 135 153 19 Article 9 01 04 7. // --> ONE country two SYStems //: The discourse intonation patterns of word associations 7. // --> ONE country two SYStems //: The discourse intonation patterns of word associations 1 A01 01 JB code 303095925 Winnie Cheng Cheng, Winnie Winnie Cheng The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/303095925 2 A01 01 JB code 501095926 Martin Warren Warren, Martin Martin Warren The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/501095926 01 eng 03 00

This study examines the relationship between the phraseological characteristics of language and the communicative role of discourse intonation (Brazil 1997). The findings are based on one of the four sub-corpora of the one-million-word Hong Kong Corpus of Spoken English (HKCSE), which has been prosodically transcribed. A number of studies have looked at word associations, but this is the first corpus-based study of speakers’ discourse intonation choices for these patterns. The intonational features, viz. tone unit boundaries and prominences, of the ten most frequent 3- and 4-lexically-rich word associations and the ten most frequent grammatically-rich word associations in the sub-corpus of public discourse, which forms 25% of the HKCSE, were examined to determine the extent to which this patterning also reveals patterns of discourse intonation. The findings suggest that discourse intonation patterns do exist in terms of tone unit boundaries and the distribution of prominence. However, while discourse intonation patterns are discernible, speakers may, and indeed do, deviate from them in order to alter their discourse-specific communicative role.

01 01 JB code scl.31.10sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.10sec 155 155 1 Section header 10 01 04 Section III. Exploring discourse in news and entertainment Section III. Exploring discourse in news and entertainment 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.11gar 06 10.1075/scl.31.11gar 157 187 31 Article 11 01 04 8. Who's speaking?: Evidentiality in US newspapers during the 2004 presidential campaign 8. Who's speaking?: Evidentiality in US newspapers during the 2004 presidential campaign 1 A01 01 JB code 895095927 Gregory Garretson Garretson, Gregory Gregory Garretson Boston University and University of Michigan, USA 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/895095927 2 A01 01 JB code 41095928 Annelie Ädel Ädel, Annelie Annelie Ädel 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/41095928 01 eng 03 00

We examine a corpus of texts drawn from 11 US newspapers and related to the 2004 US presidential election, focusing on hearsay evidentiality, the reporting of what one has heard from others. Motivated by the general question of whether bias exists in news reporting, we analyze the sources to whom statements in the corpus are attributed, in order to determine who gets to speak through the press, and whether there is balance between the two sides in this election. We also examine the ways in which speech is reported, asking questions about the use of direct vs. indirect speech, the explicitness of source identification, and the effects that the choice of reporting word can have on the portrayal of a source. Although we find slight evidence of an apparent preference for one candidate or the other in certain papers, overall we find no statistically significant differences that could be construed as bias.

01 01 JB code scl.31.12qua 06 10.1075/scl.31.12qua 189 210 22 Article 12 01 04 9. Television dialogue and natural conversation: Linguistic similarities and functional differences 9. Television dialogue and natural conversation: Linguistic similarities and functional differences 1 A01 01 JB code 257095929 Paulo Quaglio Quaglio, Paulo Paulo Quaglio State University of New York at Cortland, USA 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/257095929 01 eng 03 00

Motivated by ESL (English as a Second Language) concerns, this study compares the language of a U.S. situation comedy, Friends, with natural conversation. A corpus of transcripts of the television show and the American conversation subcorpus of the Longman Grammar Corpus are used for analysis. This data-driven investigation combines multidimensional (MD) methodology (Biber 1988) with a frequency-based analysis of a large number of linguistic features associated with the typical characteristics of face-to-face conversation. The results of the MD analysis indicate that Friends shares the core linguistic characteristics of face-to-face conversation, thus constituting a fairly accurate representation of natural conversation for ESL purposes. However, a closer look at the linguistic features revealed interesting functional differences between the two corpora. These differences pointed to distinct functional patterns (e.g., vagueness, emotional language) suggested by the association of linguistic features sharing similar discourse functions.

01 01 JB code scl.31.13bee 06 10.1075/scl.31.13bee 211 240 30 Article 13 01 04 10. A corpus approach to discursive construction of hip-hop identity 10. A corpus approach to discursive construction of hip-hop identity 1 A01 01 JB code 306095930 Kristy Beers Fägersten Beers Fägersten, Kristy Kristy Beers Fägersten Universität des Saarlandes, Germany 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/306095930 01 eng 03 00

This chapter is an analysis of a 100,000-word corpus consisting of message-board postings on hip-hop websites. A discourse analysis of this corpus reveals three strategies employed by the posters to identify themselves as members of the hip-hop community in the otherwise anonymous setting of the internet: (1) defined openings and closings, (2) repeated use of slang and taboo terms, and (3) performance of verbal art. Each strategy is characterized by the codification of non-standard grammar and pronunciations characteristic of speech, as well as by the use of non-standard orthography. The purpose of the discourse is shown to be a performance of identity, whereby language is used and recognized as the discursive construction of one’s hip-hop identity.

01 01 JB code scl.31.14sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.14sec 241 241 1 Section header 14 01 04 Section IV. Exploring discourse through specific linguistic features Section IV. Exploring discourse through specific linguistic features 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.15joh 06 10.1075/scl.31.15joh 243 265 23 Article 15 01 04 11. The use of the it-cleft construction in 19th-century English 11. The use of the it-cleft construction in 19th-century English 1 A01 01 JB code 94095931 Christine Johansson Johansson, Christine Christine Johansson Uppsala University, Sweden 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/94095931 01 eng 03 00

This chapter offers a new description of the use of the it-cleft construction in nineteenth-century English. The data for the present study are primarily from historical corpora (a corpus of nineteenth-century English, CONCE, and the Helsinki Corpus of English Texts), but findings from modern corpora and studies of cleft constructions in present-day English (e.g. Collins 1991) are also presented. The results show that it-clefts become more frequent in the 19th century and particularly in speech-related texts, such as trials. This is contrary to both earlier and later periods of English, where it-clefts are more common in written English. The chapter discusses how the structure of the it-cleft and its thematic organisation may have contributed to its increased frequency in 19th-century English. An in-depth analysis of the forms and functions of it-clefts in trials, the genre that most closely represents spoken English of the period, is provided.

01 01 JB code scl.31.16cra 06 10.1075/scl.31.16cra 267 287 21 Article 16 01 04 12. Place and time adverbials in native and non-native English student writing 12. Place and time adverbials in native and non-native English student writing 1 A01 01 JB code 422095932 William J. Crawford Crawford, William J. William J. Crawford Northern Arizona University, USA 07 https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/422095932 01 eng 03 00

This chapter builds on previous research that has established the spoken nature of learner writing by providing quantitative and qualitative accounts of time and place adverbs of student writing in comparison to published academic English writing and native English conversation. The chapter shows that the frequency differences among learner groups are not nearly as great as the frequency differences between student writing and conversation. The qualitative analyses point to some L1-L2 differences, particularly with respect to here. The other most pronounced differences were not found as L1-L2 differences but instead showed evidence of divergence due to language background.

01 01 JB code scl.31.17aut 06 10.1075/scl.31.17aut 289 289 1 Miscellaneous 17 01 04 Author index Author index 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.18cor 06 10.1075/scl.31.18cor 291 291 1 Miscellaneous 18 01 04 Corpus and tools index Corpus and tools index 01 eng 01 01 JB code scl.31.19sub 06 10.1075/scl.31.19sub 293 295 3 Miscellaneous 19 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 eng
01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/scl.31 Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20080626 C 2008 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2008 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027223050 WORLD 09 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 https://jbe-platform.com 29 https://jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027290458 21 01 00 Unqualified price 02 105.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 02 88.00 GBP GB 01 00 Unqualified price 02 158.00 USD
711013886 03 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code SCL 31 GE 15 9789027290458 06 10.1075/scl.31 00 EA E133 10 01 JB code SCL 02 JB code 1388-0373 02 31.00 01 02 Studies in Corpus Linguistics Studies in Corpus Linguistics 01 01 Corpora and Discourse Corpora and Discourse 1 B01 01 JB code 339095801 Annelie Ädel Ädel, Annelie Annelie Ädel University of Michigan, USA 2 B01 01 JB code 830095802 Randi Reppen Reppen, Randi Randi Reppen Northern Arizona University, USA 01 eng 11 304 03 03 vi 03 00 295 03 24 JB code LIN.CORP Corpus linguistics 24 JB code LIN.DISC Discourse studies 24 JB code LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 10 LAN009000 12 CFG 01 06 03 00 This book brings together contributions from a diverse collection of scholars who explore different ways of combining corpus linguistics and discourse analysis, studying discourse at the prosodic, lexical, and textual levels. Both spoken and written discourse are investigated in a variety of settings, including academia, the workplace, news, and entertainment. Not only does the volume offer a rich sample of English-language discourse from around the world­, including international, learner, and non-standard varieties of English, ­but it also covers a range of topics and methods. This book will be of particular interest to researchers and students specializing in discourse studies, English linguistics, and corpus linguistics. 01 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/scl.31.png 01 01 D502 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027223050.jpg 01 01 D504 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027223050.tif 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/scl.31.hb.png 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/scl.31.png 02 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/scl.31.hb.png 03 00 03 01 01 D503 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/scl.31.hb.png 01 01 JB code scl.31.01ade 06 10.1075/scl.31.01ade 1 6 6 Article 1 01 04 1. The challenges of different settings: An overview 1. The challenges of different settings: An overview 1 A01 01 JB code 11095916 Annelie Ädel Ädel, Annelie Annelie Ädel 2 A01 01 JB code 187095917 Randi Reppen Reppen, Randi Randi Reppen 01 01 JB code scl.31.02sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.02sec 7 7 1 Section header 2 01 04 Section I. Exploring discourse in academic settings Section I. Exploring discourse in academic settings 01 01 JB code scl.31.03wal 06 10.1075/scl.31.03wal 9 29 21 Article 3 01 04 2. 'post-colonialism, multi-culturalism, structuralism, feminism, post-modernism and so on and so forth': A comparative analysis of vague category markers in academic discourse 2. '…post-colonialism, multi-culturalism, structuralism, feminism, post-modernism and so on and so forth': A comparative analysis of vague category markers in academic discourse 1 A01 01 JB code 554095918 Steve Walsh Walsh, Steve Steve Walsh Newcastle University, UK 2 A01 01 JB code 651095919 Anne O'Keeffe O'Keeffe, Anne Anne O'Keeffe Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick, Ireland 3 A01 01 JB code 849095920 Michael McCarthy McCarthy, Michael Michael McCarthy University of Nottingham, UK 01 01 JB code scl.31.04bon 06 10.1075/scl.31.04bon 31 55 25 Article 4 01 04 3. Emphatics in academic discourse: Integrating corpus and discourse tools in the study of cross-disciplinary variation 3. Emphatics in academic discourse: Integrating corpus and discourse tools in the study of cross-disciplinary variation 1 A01 01 JB code 176095921 Marina Bondi Bondi, Marina Marina Bondi University ofModena and Reggio Emilia, Italy 01 01 JB code scl.31.05san 06 10.1075/scl.31.05san 57 92 36 Article 5 01 04 4. Interaction, identity and culture in academic writing: The case of German, British and American academics in the humanities 4. Interaction, identity and culture in academic writing: The case of German, British and American academics in the humanities 1 A01 01 JB code 486095922 Tamsin Sanderson Sanderson, Tamsin Tamsin Sanderson University of Freiburg, Germany 01 01 JB code scl.31.06sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.06sec 93 93 1 Section header 6 01 04 Section II. Exploring discourse in workplace settings Section II. Exploring discourse in workplace settings 01 01 JB code scl.31.07vau 06 10.1075/scl.31.07vau 95 115 21 Article 7 01 04 5. 'Got a date or something?': A corpus analysis of the role of humour and laughter in the workplace meetings of English language teachers 5. 'Got a date or something?': A corpus analysis of the role of humour and laughter in the workplace meetings of English language teachers 1 A01 01 JB code 456095923 Elaine Vaughan Vaughan, Elaine Elaine Vaughan Mary Immaculate College, Ireland 01 01 JB code scl.31.08flo 06 10.1075/scl.31.08flo 117 131 15 Article 8 01 04 6. Determining discourse-based moves in professional reports 6. Determining discourse-based moves in professional reports 1 A01 01 JB code 60095924 Lynne Flowerdew Flowerdew, Lynne Lynne Flowerdew Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 01 01 JB code scl.31.09che 06 10.1075/scl.31.09che 135 153 19 Article 9 01 04 7. // --> ONE country two SYStems //: The discourse intonation patterns of word associations 7. // --> ONE country two SYStems //: The discourse intonation patterns of word associations 1 A01 01 JB code 303095925 Winnie Cheng Cheng, Winnie Winnie Cheng The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 2 A01 01 JB code 501095926 Martin Warren Warren, Martin Martin Warren The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 01 01 JB code scl.31.10sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.10sec 155 155 1 Section header 10 01 04 Section III. Exploring discourse in news and entertainment Section III. Exploring discourse in news and entertainment 01 01 JB code scl.31.11gar 06 10.1075/scl.31.11gar 157 187 31 Article 11 01 04 8. Who's speaking?: Evidentiality in US newspapers during the 2004 presidential campaign 8. Who's speaking?: Evidentiality in US newspapers during the 2004 presidential campaign 1 A01 01 JB code 895095927 Gregory Garretson Garretson, Gregory Gregory Garretson Boston University and University of Michigan, USA 2 A01 01 JB code 41095928 Annelie Ädel Ädel, Annelie Annelie Ädel 01 01 JB code scl.31.12qua 06 10.1075/scl.31.12qua 189 210 22 Article 12 01 04 9. Television dialogue and natural conversation: Linguistic similarities and functional differences 9. Television dialogue and natural conversation: Linguistic similarities and functional differences 1 A01 01 JB code 257095929 Paulo Quaglio Quaglio, Paulo Paulo Quaglio State University of New York at Cortland, USA 01 01 JB code scl.31.13bee 06 10.1075/scl.31.13bee 211 240 30 Article 13 01 04 10. A corpus approach to discursive construction of hip-hop identity 10. A corpus approach to discursive construction of hip-hop identity 1 A01 01 JB code 306095930 Kristy Beers Fägersten Beers Fägersten, Kristy Kristy Beers Fägersten Universität des Saarlandes, Germany 01 01 JB code scl.31.14sec 06 10.1075/scl.31.14sec 241 241 1 Section header 14 01 04 Section IV. Exploring discourse through specific linguistic features Section IV. Exploring discourse through specific linguistic features 01 01 JB code scl.31.15joh 06 10.1075/scl.31.15joh 243 265 23 Article 15 01 04 11. The use of the it-cleft construction in 19th-century English 11. The use of the it-cleft construction in 19th-century English 1 A01 01 JB code 94095931 Christine Johansson Johansson, Christine Christine Johansson Uppsala University, Sweden 01 01 JB code scl.31.16cra 06 10.1075/scl.31.16cra 267 287 21 Article 16 01 04 12. Place and time adverbials in native and non-native English student writing 12. Place and time adverbials in native and non-native English student writing 1 A01 01 JB code 422095932 William J. Crawford Crawford, William J. William J. Crawford Northern Arizona University, USA 01 01 JB code scl.31.17aut 06 10.1075/scl.31.17aut 289 289 1 Miscellaneous 17 01 04 Author index Author index 01 01 JB code scl.31.18cor 06 10.1075/scl.31.18cor 291 291 1 Miscellaneous 18 01 04 Corpus and tools index Corpus and tools index 01 01 JB code scl.31.19sub 06 10.1075/scl.31.19sub 293 295 3 Miscellaneous 19 01 04 Subject index Subject index 01 JB code JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 01 JB code JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 https://benjamins.com Amsterdam NL 00 John Benjamins Publishing Company Marketing Department / Karin Plijnaar, Pieter Lamers onix@benjamins.nl 04 01 00 20080626 C 2008 John Benjamins Publishing Company D 2008 John Benjamins Publishing Company 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027223050 WORLD 03 01 JB 17 Google 03 https://play.google.com/store/books 21 01 00 Unqualified price 00 105.00 EUR 01 00 Unqualified price 00 88.00 GBP 01 00 Unqualified price 00 158.00 USD