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204011186 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code SCL 68 Eb 15 9789027268891 06 10.1075/scl.68 13 2014047717 DG 002 02 01 SCL 02 1388-0373 Studies in Corpus Linguistics 68 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Corpus-based Studies of Lesser-described Languages</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">The CorpAfroAs corpus of spoken AfroAsiatic languages</Subtitle> 01 scl.68 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/scl.68 1 B01 Amina Mettouchi Mettouchi, Amina Amina Mettouchi EPHE (LLACAN), Paris 2 B01 Martine Vanhove Vanhove, Martine Martine Vanhove CNRS (LLACAN), Paris 3 B01 Dominique Caubet Caubet, Dominique Dominique Caubet INALCO (LaCNAD), Paris 01 eng 344 vi 338 LAN009000 v.2006 CFX 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.AFAS Afro-Asiatic languages 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.CORP Corpus linguistics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 06 01 This volume presents new findings based on the analysis of spoken corpora in thirteen different Afro-Asiatic languages – a unique endeavor in the domain of lesser-described languages. It will be of interest to corpus linguists, general linguists, typologists, and linguists specializing in Afro-Asiatic languages. In addition to the rarity of corpus studies based on endangered and lesser-described languages, the volume is remarkable due to its focus on the role of prosody in interaction with several other phenomena, including code-switching and borrowing. Phonology, syntax, and information structure are explored, and the issue of the elaboration of strategies for the typological comparison of corpora is addressed in several papers. The volume also contains a presentation of software development conducted within the scope of the CorpAfroAs project and based upon the widely used ELAN. The sound-indexed, and morphosyntactically-annotated corpora, with their OLAC metadata and several other deliverables can be accessed and searched at <a target="_blank" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.68.website">http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.68.website</a>. 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/scl.68.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027203762.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027203762.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/scl.68.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/scl.68.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/scl.68.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/scl.68.hb.png 10 01 JB code scl.68.00pre 1 9 9 Article 1 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Preface</TitleText> 1 A01 Amina Mettouchi Mettouchi, Amina Amina Mettouchi 2 A01 Martine Vanhove Vanhove, Martine Martine Vanhove 3 A01 Dominique Caubet Caubet, Dominique Dominique Caubet 10 01 JB code scl.68.p1 Section header 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part 1: Phonetics, phonology and prosody</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.01izr 13 41 29 Article 3 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Representation of speech in CorpAfroAs</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Transcriptional strategies and prosodic units</Subtitle> 1 A01 Shlomo Izre'el Izre'el, Shlomo Shlomo Izre'el Tel Aviv University and LLACAN, Paris 2 A01 Amina Mettouchi Mettouchi, Amina Amina Mettouchi 01 This paper surveys the transcriptional aspects of CorpAfroAs, a spoken corpus of Afroasiatic languages, with a focus on the representation of phonemes, morphemes, words, and longer units. We discuss the distinction between prosodic, phonological and morphosyntactic word, as well as that between intonation unit, paratone and period. Segmentation and transcription choices are analyzed and their outcome in terms of scientific breakthroughs is presented : the comparison between phonological and morphosyntactic word allows the systematic study of sandhi and other similar phenomena, and of the syntax/phonology interface. The segmentation into prosodic units allows the study of interfaces with syntax, information structure, and discourse. 10 01 JB code scl.68.02car 43 60 18 Article 4 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Tone and intonation</TitleText> 1 A01 Bernard Caron Caron, Bernard Bernard Caron Llacan (UMR 8135): Inalco, CNRS, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité 01 Most of the literature on intonation derives from pioneering studies on English intonation. These authors and their followers have identified the exponents of intonation as F0, rhythm (including length and pauses) and intensity. The difficulty when studying intonation in &#8216;tone languages&#8217; is that F0 is already mobilised by the lexicon and the morpho-syntax. The question is then: does pitch play a role in the intonation of tone languages, and how? Is this role comparable to that of pitch in non-tonal languages? This problem became crucial in the transcription and segmentation of the tonal languages represented in the CorpAfroas corpus of Afroasiatic languages, <i>viz</i>. Hausa and Zaar, two Chadic languages on the one hand, and Wolaytta, an Omotic language on the other hand. <br />The objectives of this study are (i) to identify the basic components of pitch that can be isolated from tone and attributed to intonation; (ii) to establish them as the elements that must be accounted for in the transcription of an oral corpus. These components are meant to be available for typological studies of the relationship between these elements as they are employed for marking of lexical and grammatical distinctions on the one hand, and intonation on the other hand. To address this problem, this study leans heavily on Zaar, a Chadic tone language spoken in the South of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Our hypothesis is that the role of pitch in Zaar intonation can be observed in the variation between post-lexical tones as they are perceived and transcribed by the native speaker and their acoustic realisation as represented by Praat and Prosogramme. These variations, i.e. the way intonation influences the realisation of post-lexical tones, fall under the following categories: (a) Declination; (b) Intonemes, which are divided into Initial intonemes (Step-down and Step-up) and Terminal intonemes (Fall, Rise, Level and High-Rise). These prosodic features (declination and intonemes) are illustrated in the first part of the paper. In the final part, an intonation pattern exemplifying the combination of these features is analysed. The examples quoted in the paper are extracted from the Zaar CorpAfroAs corpus. 10 01 JB code scl.68.p2 Section header 5 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part 2: Interfacing prosody, information structure and syntax</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.03car 63 115 53 Article 6 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">The intonation of topic and focus</TitleText> <TitlePrefix>The </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">intonation of topic and focus</TitleWithoutPrefix> <Subtitle textformat="02">Zaar (Nigeria), Tamasheq (Niger), Juba Arabic (South Sudan) and Tripoli Arabic (Libya)</Subtitle> 1 A01 Bernard Caron Caron, Bernard Bernard Caron LLACAN (UMR 8135), Inalco, CNRS, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité 2 A01 Cécile Lux Lux, Cécile Cécile Lux DDL-Lacito 3 A01 Stefano Manfredi Manfredi, Stefano Stefano Manfredi SeDyL (UMR 8202), Inalco, CNRS 4 A01 Christophe Pereira Pereira, Christophe Christophe Pereira LACNAD, INALCO 01 A follow-up of the CorpAfroAs project, this paper presents a typologically-oriented study of the intonation of Topic and Focus in four Afroasiatic languages (Zaar, Tamasheq, Juba Arabic and Tripoli Arabic), in relation to their phonological and information structures. The different prosodic systems represented in the study &#8212; i.e. the demarcative accent system of Berber, the lexical stress system of Tripoli Arabic; the pitch accent system of Juba Arabic; and the tone system of Zaar &#8212; give ground to the study of the correlation between these prosodic systems and their intonation structures; and more particularly, how declination, wich seems to be a universal of the intonation of declarative sentences, interacts with other sentence types, such as Yes/No-Questions, WH-Questions, Exclamations, etc. Likewise, the paper explores the correlation between the prosodic systems and the intonational exponents of Topic and Focus. The paper starts by setting up the concepts and typological frame used for the study. Then, it presents a case study of the four languages, examining their prosodic systems, and the prosodic exponents of topic and focus. Finally, the paper compares the four systems, drawing conclusions from a typoligical point of view. A general rule seems to emerge from the study: lack of a specific intonation pattern for a specific intonation structure is supplemented by morpho-syntactic marking. In other words, the more a structure relies on morpho-syntax, the less it relies on intonation. 10 01 JB code scl.68.04mal 117 169 53 Article 7 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Quotative constructions and prosody in some Afroasiatic languages</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Towards a typology</Subtitle> 1 A01 Il-Il Yatziv-Malibert Yatziv-Malibert, Il-Il Il-Il Yatziv-Malibert INALCO & LLACAN (Paris) 2 A01 Martine Vanhove Vanhove, Martine Martine Vanhove 01 This chapter investigates, in a crosslinguistic perspective, the relationship between prosodic contours and direct and indirect reported speech (i.e. without or with deictic shift) in four typologically and genetically different Afroasiatic languages of the CorpAfroAs pilot corpus: Beja (Cushitic), Zaar (Chadic), Juba Arabic (Arabic based pidgin) and Modern Hebrew (Semitic). The descriptive tools and analysis of Genetti (2011) for direct speech report in Dolakha Newar (Tibeto-Burman) are used as a starting point and adapted to the annotation system of CorpAfroAs. Each language section investigates the prosodic cues and contours of direct speech reports, in relation to their quotative frame and their right and left contexts. As contradictory claims (e.g. Coulmas 1986 ; Klewitz &#38; Couper-Kuhlen 1999 ; Jansen et al. 2001) have been made concerning the prosodic features of indirect reported speech, for example in English, the same prosodic features are also investigated for the three languages in our corpus which have indirect reported speech (Zaar, Juba Arabic and Hebrew). It is shown that speech reporting as a rhetorical strategy varies a lot from one language to another and is more frequent in the three unscripted languages of the sample. Even if speech reports show a wide range of prosodic behaviors, there are nonetheless clear tendencies that become apparent and which are related to various factors: speech report types, types of constituents of the quotative frame, genres, and typological features of the languages in question. A preliminary typology of the interface between prosody and speech reporting is proposed. 10 01 JB code scl.68.p3 Section header 8 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part 3: Cross-linguistic comparability</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.05vic 173 206 34 Article 9 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Glossing in Semitic languages</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A comparison of Moroccan Arabic and Modern Hebrew</Subtitle> 1 A01 Angeles Vicente Vicente, Angeles Angeles Vicente 2 A01 Il-Il Yatziv-Malibert Yatziv-Malibert, Il-Il Il-Il Yatziv-Malibert 3 A01 Alexandrine Barontini Barontini, Alexandrine Alexandrine Barontini INALCO (Paris) 01 Interlinear morphemic glosses facilitate the comprehension and analysis of any described language, even one that is unfamiliar to the reader. In Semitic studies, most publications do not include glosses, forcing readers to analyse the examples in order to understand them. This paper examines Moroccan Arabic and Modern Hebrew, and proposes the use of interlinear morphemic glosses within the typological grammatical tradition, for Semitic linguistics in general. 10 01 JB code scl.68.06cor 207 219 13 Article 10 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">From the Leipzig Glossing Rules to the GE and RX lines</TitleText> 1 A01 Bernard Comrie Comrie, Bernard Bernard Comrie Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and University of California Santa Barbara 01 The Leipzig Glossing Rules (http://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/resources/glossing-rules.php) were devised with a very specific purpose in mind, namely to standardize the notations used by linguists in order to present the morphological structure of example sentences in language structures unfamiliar to the reader. While they form a suitable basis for annotation in projects like CorpAfroAs, such projects have a higher level of requirements, in particular the need to be able to retrieve particular categories and structures from corpora in various languages. The article discusses with examples the extensions of the LGR that are needed for this purpose. 10 01 JB code scl.68.07met 221 255 35 Article 11 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Cross-linguistic comparability in CorpAfroAs</TitleText> 1 A01 Amina Mettouchi Mettouchi, Amina Amina Mettouchi LLCAN, Paris 2 A01 Graziano Savà Savà, Graziano Graziano Savà LLCAN CNRS 3 A01 Mauro Tosco Tosco, Mauro Mauro Tosco University of Turin 01 One of the aims of CorpAfroAs is to allow queries within and across the language samples composing the corpus. Through the study of phenomena represented in several languages of the corpus (directional morphemes, case, and gender) we show that CorpAfroAs indeed allows the retrieval of a body of data amenable to cross-linguistic comparison, within the Afroasiatic phylum and beyond. However, given the annotation scheme of the corpus, the retrieval of relevant data has to rely on information given in the accompanying grammatical sketches. 10 01 JB code scl.68.08fra 257 279 23 Article 12 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Functional domains and cross-linguistic comparability</TitleText> 1 A01 Zygmunt Frajzyngier Frajzyngier, Zygmunt Zygmunt Frajzyngier University of Colorado, Boulder, EPHE and CNRS-LLACAN 2 A01 Amina Mettouchi Mettouchi, Amina Amina Mettouchi 01 This paper investigates a strategy other than the one currently implemented in the CorpAfroAs project, allowing cross-linguistic comparison among multiple-language corpora. It involves comparing a database of functional domains and subdomains across languages. The underlying principle is that cross-linguistic comparison should be conducted on the basis of meanings/functions actually encoded in the grammatical systems of individual languages rather than on the basis of aprioristic categories. Such a study yields reliable information regarding the differences and similarities between grammatical systems. 10 01 JB code scl.68.p4 Section header 13 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part 4: Language contact</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.09man 283 308 26 Article 14 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Language contact, borrowing and codeswitching</TitleText> 1 A01 Stefano Manfredi Manfredi, Stefano Stefano Manfredi SeDyL (UMR 8202), Inalco, CNRS 2 A01 Marie-Claude Simeone-Senelle Simeone-Senelle, Marie-Claude Marie-Claude Simeone-Senelle LLACAN (UMR 8135), Inalco, CNRS, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité 3 A01 Mauro Tosco Tosco, Mauro Mauro Tosco Università di Torino 01 Within the larger rubric of language contact we will analyze in this chapter the two phenomena of lexical borrowing and codeswitching as represented in the languages of the CorpAfroAs database. After establishing a theoretical background concerning the difficult distinction between borrowing and codeswitching (&#167; 1), the study analyzes the semantic, phonological and morphological integration of lexical borrowings in different languages of the corpus (&#167; 2). The core of the paper (&#167; 3) focuses on the relation between morphosyntactic and prosodic constraints of codeswitching in CorpAfroAs. Finally, the study argues (&#167; 4) that, even though syntactic constituency admittedly tells us a great deal about the types of boundaries where speakers are likely to codeswitch, prosodic segmentation plays a pivotal role in the definition of codeswitching. Furthermore, we will show that variation in intonation contours provides a good litmus test for telling the two phenomena of borrowing and codeswitching apart. 10 01 JB code scl.68.p5 Section header 15 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part 5: Information technology</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.10cha 311 332 22 Article 16 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">ELAN-CorpA</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Lexicon-aided annotation in ELAN</Subtitle> 1 A01 Christian Chanard Chanard, Christian Christian Chanard CNRS LLACAN, UMR 8135 01 For a long time, Toolbox has been the most used software dedicated to text annotation in the community of field linguists, especially for African linguistics. However, its limitations, and the growing need to pair text and sound, have made it important to find another solution to text annotation. This paper, aimed at a readership of information technology specialists, is a presentation of the software development conducted within the CorpAfroAs project on the basis of the software ELAN, developed by the Max Planck Institute in Nijmegen. This development, whose result is the ELAN-CorpA software, involves the addition of an internal parser linked to a lexicon, for semi-automatic interlinearization purposes. 10 01 JB code scl.68.11li 333 334 2 Article 17 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Language index</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.12si 335 339 5 Article 18 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Subject index</TitleText> 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20150520 2015 John Benjamins B.V. 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027203762 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 jbe-platform.com 09 WORLD 21 01 00 99.00 EUR R 01 00 83.00 GBP Z 01 gen 00 149.00 USD S 321011185 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code SCL 68 Hb 15 9789027203762 13 2014046968 BB 01 SCL 02 1388-0373 Studies in Corpus Linguistics 68 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Corpus-based Studies of Lesser-described Languages</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">The CorpAfroAs corpus of spoken AfroAsiatic languages</Subtitle> 01 scl.68 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/scl.68 1 B01 Amina Mettouchi Mettouchi, Amina Amina Mettouchi EPHE (LLACAN), Paris 2 B01 Martine Vanhove Vanhove, Martine Martine Vanhove CNRS (LLACAN), Paris 3 B01 Dominique Caubet Caubet, Dominique Dominique Caubet INALCO (LaCNAD), Paris 01 eng 344 vi 338 LAN009000 v.2006 CFX 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.AFAS Afro-Asiatic languages 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.CORP Corpus linguistics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 06 01 This volume presents new findings based on the analysis of spoken corpora in thirteen different Afro-Asiatic languages – a unique endeavor in the domain of lesser-described languages. It will be of interest to corpus linguists, general linguists, typologists, and linguists specializing in Afro-Asiatic languages. In addition to the rarity of corpus studies based on endangered and lesser-described languages, the volume is remarkable due to its focus on the role of prosody in interaction with several other phenomena, including code-switching and borrowing. Phonology, syntax, and information structure are explored, and the issue of the elaboration of strategies for the typological comparison of corpora is addressed in several papers. The volume also contains a presentation of software development conducted within the scope of the CorpAfroAs project and based upon the widely used ELAN. The sound-indexed, and morphosyntactically-annotated corpora, with their OLAC metadata and several other deliverables can be accessed and searched at <a target="_blank" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.68.website">http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.68.website</a>. 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/scl.68.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027203762.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027203762.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/scl.68.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/scl.68.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/scl.68.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/scl.68.hb.png 10 01 JB code scl.68.00pre 1 9 9 Article 1 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Preface</TitleText> 1 A01 Amina Mettouchi Mettouchi, Amina Amina Mettouchi 2 A01 Martine Vanhove Vanhove, Martine Martine Vanhove 3 A01 Dominique Caubet Caubet, Dominique Dominique Caubet 10 01 JB code scl.68.p1 Section header 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part 1: Phonetics, phonology and prosody</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.01izr 13 41 29 Article 3 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Representation of speech in CorpAfroAs</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Transcriptional strategies and prosodic units</Subtitle> 1 A01 Shlomo Izre'el Izre'el, Shlomo Shlomo Izre'el Tel Aviv University and LLACAN, Paris 2 A01 Amina Mettouchi Mettouchi, Amina Amina Mettouchi 01 This paper surveys the transcriptional aspects of CorpAfroAs, a spoken corpus of Afroasiatic languages, with a focus on the representation of phonemes, morphemes, words, and longer units. We discuss the distinction between prosodic, phonological and morphosyntactic word, as well as that between intonation unit, paratone and period. Segmentation and transcription choices are analyzed and their outcome in terms of scientific breakthroughs is presented : the comparison between phonological and morphosyntactic word allows the systematic study of sandhi and other similar phenomena, and of the syntax/phonology interface. The segmentation into prosodic units allows the study of interfaces with syntax, information structure, and discourse. 10 01 JB code scl.68.02car 43 60 18 Article 4 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Tone and intonation</TitleText> 1 A01 Bernard Caron Caron, Bernard Bernard Caron Llacan (UMR 8135): Inalco, CNRS, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité 01 Most of the literature on intonation derives from pioneering studies on English intonation. These authors and their followers have identified the exponents of intonation as F0, rhythm (including length and pauses) and intensity. The difficulty when studying intonation in &#8216;tone languages&#8217; is that F0 is already mobilised by the lexicon and the morpho-syntax. The question is then: does pitch play a role in the intonation of tone languages, and how? Is this role comparable to that of pitch in non-tonal languages? This problem became crucial in the transcription and segmentation of the tonal languages represented in the CorpAfroas corpus of Afroasiatic languages, <i>viz</i>. Hausa and Zaar, two Chadic languages on the one hand, and Wolaytta, an Omotic language on the other hand. <br />The objectives of this study are (i) to identify the basic components of pitch that can be isolated from tone and attributed to intonation; (ii) to establish them as the elements that must be accounted for in the transcription of an oral corpus. These components are meant to be available for typological studies of the relationship between these elements as they are employed for marking of lexical and grammatical distinctions on the one hand, and intonation on the other hand. To address this problem, this study leans heavily on Zaar, a Chadic tone language spoken in the South of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Our hypothesis is that the role of pitch in Zaar intonation can be observed in the variation between post-lexical tones as they are perceived and transcribed by the native speaker and their acoustic realisation as represented by Praat and Prosogramme. These variations, i.e. the way intonation influences the realisation of post-lexical tones, fall under the following categories: (a) Declination; (b) Intonemes, which are divided into Initial intonemes (Step-down and Step-up) and Terminal intonemes (Fall, Rise, Level and High-Rise). These prosodic features (declination and intonemes) are illustrated in the first part of the paper. In the final part, an intonation pattern exemplifying the combination of these features is analysed. The examples quoted in the paper are extracted from the Zaar CorpAfroAs corpus. 10 01 JB code scl.68.p2 Section header 5 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part 2: Interfacing prosody, information structure and syntax</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.03car 63 115 53 Article 6 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">The intonation of topic and focus</TitleText> <TitlePrefix>The </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">intonation of topic and focus</TitleWithoutPrefix> <Subtitle textformat="02">Zaar (Nigeria), Tamasheq (Niger), Juba Arabic (South Sudan) and Tripoli Arabic (Libya)</Subtitle> 1 A01 Bernard Caron Caron, Bernard Bernard Caron LLACAN (UMR 8135), Inalco, CNRS, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité 2 A01 Cécile Lux Lux, Cécile Cécile Lux DDL-Lacito 3 A01 Stefano Manfredi Manfredi, Stefano Stefano Manfredi SeDyL (UMR 8202), Inalco, CNRS 4 A01 Christophe Pereira Pereira, Christophe Christophe Pereira LACNAD, INALCO 01 A follow-up of the CorpAfroAs project, this paper presents a typologically-oriented study of the intonation of Topic and Focus in four Afroasiatic languages (Zaar, Tamasheq, Juba Arabic and Tripoli Arabic), in relation to their phonological and information structures. The different prosodic systems represented in the study &#8212; i.e. the demarcative accent system of Berber, the lexical stress system of Tripoli Arabic; the pitch accent system of Juba Arabic; and the tone system of Zaar &#8212; give ground to the study of the correlation between these prosodic systems and their intonation structures; and more particularly, how declination, wich seems to be a universal of the intonation of declarative sentences, interacts with other sentence types, such as Yes/No-Questions, WH-Questions, Exclamations, etc. Likewise, the paper explores the correlation between the prosodic systems and the intonational exponents of Topic and Focus. The paper starts by setting up the concepts and typological frame used for the study. Then, it presents a case study of the four languages, examining their prosodic systems, and the prosodic exponents of topic and focus. Finally, the paper compares the four systems, drawing conclusions from a typoligical point of view. A general rule seems to emerge from the study: lack of a specific intonation pattern for a specific intonation structure is supplemented by morpho-syntactic marking. In other words, the more a structure relies on morpho-syntax, the less it relies on intonation. 10 01 JB code scl.68.04mal 117 169 53 Article 7 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Quotative constructions and prosody in some Afroasiatic languages</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Towards a typology</Subtitle> 1 A01 Il-Il Yatziv-Malibert Yatziv-Malibert, Il-Il Il-Il Yatziv-Malibert INALCO & LLACAN (Paris) 2 A01 Martine Vanhove Vanhove, Martine Martine Vanhove 01 This chapter investigates, in a crosslinguistic perspective, the relationship between prosodic contours and direct and indirect reported speech (i.e. without or with deictic shift) in four typologically and genetically different Afroasiatic languages of the CorpAfroAs pilot corpus: Beja (Cushitic), Zaar (Chadic), Juba Arabic (Arabic based pidgin) and Modern Hebrew (Semitic). The descriptive tools and analysis of Genetti (2011) for direct speech report in Dolakha Newar (Tibeto-Burman) are used as a starting point and adapted to the annotation system of CorpAfroAs. Each language section investigates the prosodic cues and contours of direct speech reports, in relation to their quotative frame and their right and left contexts. As contradictory claims (e.g. Coulmas 1986 ; Klewitz &#38; Couper-Kuhlen 1999 ; Jansen et al. 2001) have been made concerning the prosodic features of indirect reported speech, for example in English, the same prosodic features are also investigated for the three languages in our corpus which have indirect reported speech (Zaar, Juba Arabic and Hebrew). It is shown that speech reporting as a rhetorical strategy varies a lot from one language to another and is more frequent in the three unscripted languages of the sample. Even if speech reports show a wide range of prosodic behaviors, there are nonetheless clear tendencies that become apparent and which are related to various factors: speech report types, types of constituents of the quotative frame, genres, and typological features of the languages in question. A preliminary typology of the interface between prosody and speech reporting is proposed. 10 01 JB code scl.68.p3 Section header 8 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part 3: Cross-linguistic comparability</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.05vic 173 206 34 Article 9 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Glossing in Semitic languages</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A comparison of Moroccan Arabic and Modern Hebrew</Subtitle> 1 A01 Angeles Vicente Vicente, Angeles Angeles Vicente 2 A01 Il-Il Yatziv-Malibert Yatziv-Malibert, Il-Il Il-Il Yatziv-Malibert 3 A01 Alexandrine Barontini Barontini, Alexandrine Alexandrine Barontini INALCO (Paris) 01 Interlinear morphemic glosses facilitate the comprehension and analysis of any described language, even one that is unfamiliar to the reader. In Semitic studies, most publications do not include glosses, forcing readers to analyse the examples in order to understand them. This paper examines Moroccan Arabic and Modern Hebrew, and proposes the use of interlinear morphemic glosses within the typological grammatical tradition, for Semitic linguistics in general. 10 01 JB code scl.68.06cor 207 219 13 Article 10 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">From the Leipzig Glossing Rules to the GE and RX lines</TitleText> 1 A01 Bernard Comrie Comrie, Bernard Bernard Comrie Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and University of California Santa Barbara 01 The Leipzig Glossing Rules (http://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/resources/glossing-rules.php) were devised with a very specific purpose in mind, namely to standardize the notations used by linguists in order to present the morphological structure of example sentences in language structures unfamiliar to the reader. While they form a suitable basis for annotation in projects like CorpAfroAs, such projects have a higher level of requirements, in particular the need to be able to retrieve particular categories and structures from corpora in various languages. The article discusses with examples the extensions of the LGR that are needed for this purpose. 10 01 JB code scl.68.07met 221 255 35 Article 11 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Cross-linguistic comparability in CorpAfroAs</TitleText> 1 A01 Amina Mettouchi Mettouchi, Amina Amina Mettouchi LLCAN, Paris 2 A01 Graziano Savà Savà, Graziano Graziano Savà LLCAN CNRS 3 A01 Mauro Tosco Tosco, Mauro Mauro Tosco University of Turin 01 One of the aims of CorpAfroAs is to allow queries within and across the language samples composing the corpus. Through the study of phenomena represented in several languages of the corpus (directional morphemes, case, and gender) we show that CorpAfroAs indeed allows the retrieval of a body of data amenable to cross-linguistic comparison, within the Afroasiatic phylum and beyond. However, given the annotation scheme of the corpus, the retrieval of relevant data has to rely on information given in the accompanying grammatical sketches. 10 01 JB code scl.68.08fra 257 279 23 Article 12 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Functional domains and cross-linguistic comparability</TitleText> 1 A01 Zygmunt Frajzyngier Frajzyngier, Zygmunt Zygmunt Frajzyngier University of Colorado, Boulder, EPHE and CNRS-LLACAN 2 A01 Amina Mettouchi Mettouchi, Amina Amina Mettouchi 01 This paper investigates a strategy other than the one currently implemented in the CorpAfroAs project, allowing cross-linguistic comparison among multiple-language corpora. It involves comparing a database of functional domains and subdomains across languages. The underlying principle is that cross-linguistic comparison should be conducted on the basis of meanings/functions actually encoded in the grammatical systems of individual languages rather than on the basis of aprioristic categories. Such a study yields reliable information regarding the differences and similarities between grammatical systems. 10 01 JB code scl.68.p4 Section header 13 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part 4: Language contact</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.09man 283 308 26 Article 14 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Language contact, borrowing and codeswitching</TitleText> 1 A01 Stefano Manfredi Manfredi, Stefano Stefano Manfredi SeDyL (UMR 8202), Inalco, CNRS 2 A01 Marie-Claude Simeone-Senelle Simeone-Senelle, Marie-Claude Marie-Claude Simeone-Senelle LLACAN (UMR 8135), Inalco, CNRS, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité 3 A01 Mauro Tosco Tosco, Mauro Mauro Tosco Università di Torino 01 Within the larger rubric of language contact we will analyze in this chapter the two phenomena of lexical borrowing and codeswitching as represented in the languages of the CorpAfroAs database. After establishing a theoretical background concerning the difficult distinction between borrowing and codeswitching (&#167; 1), the study analyzes the semantic, phonological and morphological integration of lexical borrowings in different languages of the corpus (&#167; 2). The core of the paper (&#167; 3) focuses on the relation between morphosyntactic and prosodic constraints of codeswitching in CorpAfroAs. Finally, the study argues (&#167; 4) that, even though syntactic constituency admittedly tells us a great deal about the types of boundaries where speakers are likely to codeswitch, prosodic segmentation plays a pivotal role in the definition of codeswitching. Furthermore, we will show that variation in intonation contours provides a good litmus test for telling the two phenomena of borrowing and codeswitching apart. 10 01 JB code scl.68.p5 Section header 15 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part 5: Information technology</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.10cha 311 332 22 Article 16 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">ELAN-CorpA</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Lexicon-aided annotation in ELAN</Subtitle> 1 A01 Christian Chanard Chanard, Christian Christian Chanard CNRS LLACAN, UMR 8135 01 For a long time, Toolbox has been the most used software dedicated to text annotation in the community of field linguists, especially for African linguistics. However, its limitations, and the growing need to pair text and sound, have made it important to find another solution to text annotation. This paper, aimed at a readership of information technology specialists, is a presentation of the software development conducted within the CorpAfroAs project on the basis of the software ELAN, developed by the Max Planck Institute in Nijmegen. This development, whose result is the ELAN-CorpA software, involves the addition of an internal parser linked to a lexicon, for semi-automatic interlinearization purposes. 10 01 JB code scl.68.11li 333 334 2 Article 17 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Language index</TitleText> 10 01 JB code scl.68.12si 335 339 5 Article 18 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Subject index</TitleText> 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20150520 2015 John Benjamins B.V. 02 WORLD 08 685 gr 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 01 WORLD US CA MX 21 28 20 01 02 JB 1 00 99.00 EUR R 02 02 JB 1 00 104.94 EUR R 01 JB 10 bebc +44 1202 712 934 +44 1202 712 913 sales@bebc.co.uk 03 GB 21 20 02 02 JB 1 00 83.00 GBP Z 01 JB 2 John Benjamins North America +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 01 US CA MX 21 1 20 01 gen 02 JB 1 00 149.00 USD