Subject index
A
- abstract
- Abstract Recipient Construction
34
- abstract transfer
91, 206
- abstractionist account
30, 34
- accusative
6, 19, 24, 93, 226, 247, 252–53
-
addressee
14, 18, 22, 219–20, 222–23, 226–27, 229, 240, 242, 265, 275
-
agent
3, 61, 93, 207, 219, 253
-
agent causes recipient to receive patient
70
-
agent-like argument
3, 46, 75, 93, 251, 264
-
agent-theme-goal constructeme
276
-
agent-theme-goal Construction
246, 252–55, 257–59, 276
-
agent-theme-goal transfer meaning
277
- alignment pattern
198, 268–69
- allostructional meaning
8, 80
- allostructions
8, 35, 36, 79–81, 246, 257, 259, 266, 269, 276
-
an +accusative
4, 16, 59, 63, 222
- animacy
41, 82, 85, 87–88, 199, 226, 271
- Animacy Constraint
34, 41, 234
- Animacy of agent (factor)
110, 199, 271
- Animacy of recipient (factor)
112, 273
- animacy of the third argument
44
- Animacy of theme (factor)
112, 271
- animate
-
addressee
223, 230–32, 235–36
-
recipient
33, 40, 44, 217, 220, 264, 275
-
theme
220, 223, 227, 229–31, 235–36, 275
-
an-POC
14, 18, 26–27, 39–40, 43, 209, 221, 223, 265, 271, 274–75
-
an-Prepositional Phrase
67, 240, 242
- applicative construction
249, 250, 251
- Argument Structure Construction
6–8, 29–30, 34, 49, 54–55, 259, 257
- argument structure pattern
24
-
ausleihen, verleihen, verkaufen dataset
273
B
- Bedeutung
47, 51, 53, 90–93, 225, 259–60, 267, 270
-
bekommen-, kriegen-, and erhalten-passive
73, 106
- benefactive
dativus commodi
- Benefactive Ditransitive
32
-
beneficiary
16, 17, 32, 42, 54, 58, 60, 62, 66, 215–16, 242, 247, 252, 276
- best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP)
162, 272
- Bezeichnung
15, 47–48, 51, 61, 63, 90–93, 259–60, 267, 270
C
- cancellability
209, 224, 229, 255, 276
; see also indefeasibility
- Caused Motion
20, 32, 38–39, 43, 76, 207, 216–17, 221, 246, 250, 274, 276
- Caused Motion Construction
6, 12, 30, 32–33, 35, 51, 70, 215, 266
- Caused Possession
20, 38–40, 43, 76, 207, 210, 212–13, 216, 217, 225, 246–48, 260, 274, 276
- Caused Possession Construction
51
- central sense
70, 211, 266
- change of location
38–40, 76, 245
- change of possession
38–39, 66, 216, 245
- code and inference
90, 246
; see also encoded meaning
- coercion
34, 50, 54–55, 252, 256, 262
- Cognitive Approach
266, 270
- cognitive entrenchment
44, 78, 269
- collectivity
110, 112, 135, 167, 202, 209, 227, 271
- collectivity of agent
271
- collectivity of recipient
271
- competing constructions
63, 222, 265
- complementary distribution
229
- complex
- complex -schicken/senden verbs
171
- complex verbs
10, 25, 71, 98, 108, 152, 208, 237–39, 272–73, 275
- conceptualisation of events
77
- Concreteness (factor)
206
- Concreteness of recipient (factor)
113
- Concreteness of theme (factor)
113, 206–7
- Conditional Inference Tree
11, 128, 199, 271–73
- confusion matrix
145, 272
- constituent order
14, 43, 62, 81, 83–88, 156, 171, 185, 198, 204, 218, 265, 269, 271, 273
; see also word order, order of the arguments
- constructeme
35, 81, 258, 259, 269, 276, 277, 269
- construction
29, 54, 55, 68, 252, 259, 268
- construction (definition)
49, 77, 78, 269, 274
- Construction Grammar
29, 54, 92, 265, 266
- constructional
- constructional inheritance
50
- constructional meaning
37, 46–48, 55, 207, 267
- constructional polysemy
34
- Constructional variant (factor)
110
- conventionalisation
47, 61, 256, 198, 267
- conventionalised
- implicature
211, 224, 245
- senses
90–92, 212–13, 218, 255, 257, 260, 268, 270, 274, 276
- core meaning
210, 216, 274
- corpus study
7, 44–45, 56, 237, 243, 255, 264, 276
- corpus-based approach
7, 12, 36, 45, 95, 109, 127, 207, 257, 266, 277
- vs. usage-based approach
212
- cross-linguistic perspective
5
D
- dative
- dative alternation
3, 6, 11–12, 36, 45, 57–60, 72, 75, 80, 84, 109, 198, 207, 265, 268
; see also ditransitive alternation
- dative case
7, 14, 19, 23–25, 57, 63, 226, 265, 277
- Dative Indirect Object Construction (DOIC)
3, 59
- dative Noun Phrase
17–18, 22, 33, 42, 63, 247, 264, 269
-
dativus iudicantis
41–42, 247
- default inference
56, 91, 198 ; see also preferred inference
- default valency of the verb
86
- Definiteness
- Definiteness (factor)
21, 37, 45, 82, 85, 87, 88
- Definiteness of recipient (factor)
123
- Definiteness of theme (factor)
123
- degree of conventionalisation
256
- degree of ditransitivity
98, 270
- degrees of abstraction
49, 270
- Denotational Class (factor)
91, 114, 206, 212–13, 271, 273, 276
- denotational role
61, 93, 225, 275
- denotative semantics
51, 56, 207, 259, 267
- difference with significative semantics51
- dependent variable
81
; see also outcome
-
destination
3, 17, 28, 33, 60–62, 66, 70, 219, 221, 227, 229, 250, 264
-
Deutsches ReferenzKorpus
96, 264
- diachrony
18, 50, 262, 268
- difference between significative and denotative semantics
51
- directional
- preposition
221, 223, 275
- Prepositional Phrase
13, 24, 52, 63, 219, 221, 240
- directionality
26, 30, 70, 137, 203, 215, 223, 227, 265
- discourse
83, 91, 267
- discourse accessibility
36, 45
- discourse-specific enrichment
56, 268
- distributional analysis
271
- ditransitive
- ditransitive alternation
8, 12, 37, 40, 70, 75, 92, 93–94, 198, 207, 216, 218–23, 237, 262, 268, 275–77
; see also dative alternation
- ditransitive (term)
24, 74–75, 269
- ditransitive construction
5, 6, 24, 30, 33, 35–36, 68, 70, 72, 75, 80, 98, 204, 209, 220, 225, 228, 251, 252, 266
- Ditransitive Construction
208
- Ditransitive Construction (term)
269
- ditransitive constructional meaning
44
- ditransitive verb
27, 75, 97, 100
- ditransitive-passive construction
71
- Ditransitivity Hierarchy
5, 10, 75, 77, 215
- divalent verbs
240, 252, 262
- DOC (Double Object Construction)
3, 6, 12, 30, 32–33, 38, 45, 57–58, 76, 84, 266, 268
- English DOC/POC alternation
198
- Double Object Construction in German
227
E
- encoded
- encoded Argument Structure Construction
274
- encoded feature of the dative
63
- encoded form-meaning pairing
246, 255
- encoded grammatical categories
8
- encoded meaning
11, 37, 47, 51, 53, 55–56, 61–62, 78, 81, 83, 90–94, 154, 212–13, 218, 220, 225, 244, 245–46, 255–58, 260, 267–68, 270, 272, 274–75
; see also code and inference
- encyclopaedic knowledge
37, 47, 49, 54–55, 91, 212, 267–68, 270
- English DOC/POC alternation
198
- excluded attestations
74, 103–6, 138, 149, 219, 271
-
experiencer
40–41, 43, 58
- external possessor
41–42, 58, 106, 247, 276
F
- factors
45–46, 86, 94, 109, 197, 223, 245, 255, 260, 268
- facultative complement
239, 275
- first object
36, 62, 84, 219, 251–52
- focus (factor)
35, 87–88, 204
; see also topic-focus structure
- form and meaning
8, 11, 12, 37, 246
- formally underspecified higher- level construction
80–81
- form-meaning pairing
48, 79, 81, 248, 257, 266, 274–76
- frequency
37, 78, 84, 153, 171, 257, 269
G
-
geben
18, 209
-
geben dataset
129, 156, 271–72
-
geben in POC
44, 209, 264
-
geben verbs
39, 40, 42–43, 216
- general meaning of ‘give’ verbs
211
- general transfer meaning
257
- general, underspecified construction
73
- Generalised Conversational Implicature
56, 91, 228, 277
- generative approach
12, 79, 88
- Gesetz der wachsenden Glieder
14
-
give verbs
5, 38, 71, 75–76, 211, 269
- givenness
205
- Givenness (factor)
14, 86–88, 88
- Givenness of recipient (factor)
124, 271, 273
- Givenness of theme (factor)
123, 199
-
goal
17, 62, 75, 253, 275
-
goal argument
62, 234, 246, 253, 276–77
-
goal-like or ground-like argument
61
- grammatical meaning
47, 267
- grammaticality judgement tasks
44
H
- Harmonic Alignment
45, 198, 199, 204, 207, 266, 271–73, 276
- HAVE-relation
38, 41–42, 65, 70, 211
- historical corpus data
262
- holistic meaning concept
49
- homing-in
91, 222, 226, 256, 259
- hybrid model
50–51, 56, 267
I
- implicature
50, 55, 207, 209, 220, 225, 227, 275
- implicature of animacy
223, 233
- implicature of recipienthood
223–24, 228–29, 233
- inanimate
-
theme
17, 26, 82, 220–21, 227, 229–31, 235–36
- indefeasibility
53, 209, 224, 270, 276
; see also cancellability
- indefinite theme
32, 82, 239
- independent variable
81
; see also predictor
- Indirect Object Construction (IOC) tendencies
256
- indirective alignment
6, 58–59, 268
- inference
8, 12, 37, 56, 78, 81, 90, 212, 218, 220, 224, 229, 234, 246, 255, 257–58, 267–68, 270, 274–75
; see also encoded meaning
- information structure
14, 35, 43, 85–87, 204, 246, 259
- instrumental meaning
47, 223
- integration of Construction Grammar and Valency Theory
48–49, 55, 259, 267, 269
- Integrative Approach
54, 90, 266, 277
- interaction of verb and construction
39, 44, 50, 54–55, 90
- intermediary level
53, 90–91, 94, 198, 257, 277
- intransitive verb
97, 100
- introspection
7, 22, 53, 156, 243, 268
- IOC
- IOC (Indirect Object Construction)
3, 6, 8, 13–19, 21–28, 39, 42, 60, 74, 82–83, 87, 198, 213, 221, 225, 227, 247–48, 260, 264, 268, 276
- IOC and POC
78, 81, 90, 93, 216, 218, 246, 251, 264, 273, 276
- IOC or POC
198, 252, 260, 277
- IOC, an-POC and zu-POC
222
- IOC/an-POC alternation
229
- IOC/POC alternation
4, 7, 10–11, 13, 15–16, 91, 116, 129, 207, 219, 246, 255–57, 269, 275, 277
- IOC/POC alternation with geben
129, 209
- IOC/zu-POC alternation
107, 151, 224, 275
J
- judger dative
dativus iudicantis
L
- language
- language use
15, 50, 56, 80, 92–93, 255, 267
- language-independent definition of ditransitive construction
75
- language-specific
8, 51, 215
- language-specific meaning
49, 91, 260, 267
- layered approach
11, 78, 90–92, 94, 217, 246, 248, 255, 277
- Length (factor)
14, 37, 45, 125, 271
- levels
- levels of perspectivation
88
- levels of schematicity
251
- lexical meaning
47, 48, 50, 267
- lexical paradigm
244, 245
- lexically-bound Argument Structure Construction
267
- linguistic knowledge
54, 268
- logistic regression analysis
11, 131, 140, 172, 185, 200, 271
M
- meaning
79, 81, 211
-
meaning and sense
8, 212, 267
- meaning levels
53, 67, 207, 251, 259
- meaning of the allostructions
80
- meaning of the general construction
80
- metaphorical extension
6, 32–33, 70, 266
- middle field
84, 86–88, 204
- monosemy
30, 53, 212, 218, 274
- monotransitive
- construction
208–9, 251, 259
- verb
6, 97, 100, 129, 237, 272
- morphosyntactic alternation
1
- motivating factors
199, 255
- multifactorial analysis
197
- multi-layered approach to meaning
258
N
- nominative
19, 24, 93, 226, 247, 252–53
- Nominative-Dative-Accusative
54, 84, 87–88
- noncomplex verb
16, 25, 71, 97, 208
- non-experiencer dative
41
- non-language-specific layers of meaning
260
- non-sentient destination
253
- non-spatial target
13, 265
- normal constituent order
81
- normal language use
8, 47, 56, 81, 90–91, 94, 198, 246, 255, 257, 267, 270, 274–75, 277
- Number of recipient (factor)
123, 206, 273
O
- obligatory complement
239, 275
- one-off realisations
108, 270
- ontological concept of transfer
259
- order of the arguments
63, 82
; see also word order, constituent order
- Order of theme vis-à-vis recipient (factor)
110
- outcome
81
; see also dependent variable
- overarching construction
8, 79, 81, 246, 251–52, 269
P
- P(ragmatically)-synonymous
35
- paradigmatic contrasts
245
- particle verb
16, 18, 39, 153
- Particularised Conversational Implicature
91, 228
-
path argument
33, 38, 40, 44, 210, 242
- patterns of ditransitivity
72
- person
13, 15, 25–26, 63, 112, 117, 123, 135, 144, 151–52, 167, 189, 211, 220, 223, 225, 229, 258, 265, 273
- Person of recipient (factor)
123, 206
- POC (Prepositional Object Construction)
3, 6, 8, 13–14, 17, 19, 21–22, 24–28, 38–39, 42, 45, 51, 57–58, 60, 74, 199, 213, 215, 222, 241, 249–50, 260, 264, 268, 276
- polysemous network
34, 70
- polysemy
30, 32, 53, 70, 93, 211–12, 218, 274
- links
32, 247, 258, 266, 31
- possession
40, 211–12, 221, 225, 274
- pragmatic enrichment
47–48, 229, 256, 259, 267, 274, 276
- pragmatics
37, 50, 55, 78, 90, 93, 211, 245–46, 255, 274, 276
- predicted probability
79, 94, 258, 268
- predictor variable (independent variable)
81
; see also significant factors
- predictor variables datasets
131, 135, 140, 144, 157, 172, 185
- predictor variables general analysis
207–8, 260, 270–73, 277
- preferences in language use
45
- preferred inference
91
; see also default inference
- preposition
3, 6, 14, 26, 28, 40, 44, 60–61, 205, 222, 250, 264
-
an
13, 17, 25–26, 40, 51–52, 58, 61, 216, 221, 223, 233, 264, 275
- prepositional
- prepositional dative construction
57
- Prepositional Indirect Object Construction (POIC)
3, 59
- Prepositional Object Construction (POC) tendencies
256
- prepositional paraphrase
3, 7, 17, 23, 67, 57, 76, 84, 258, 264, 277
- Prepositional Phrase
3, 14, 16–18, 22, 25, 33, 39, 269
- Prepositional Phrase meaning
44
- prepositions in, auf and nach
221
- Principle of No Synonymy
32, 35, 204
- Probabilistic Approach
7, 11, 44–45, 56, 94, 197, 266, 268
- projection
54, 55, 265, 268
- Projectionist Approach
38, 265
- Pronominality (factor)
14, 37, 45, 85, 88, 271
- Pronominality of recipient (factor)
126, 271, 273
- Pronominality of theme (factor)
126
- Propernounhood (factor)
14, 205, 273, 274
- Propernounhood of recipient (factor)
114, 271
- proportion IOC/POC
129, 215, 270
- propositional transfer
91
- prototype
45, 53, 72, 258, 268
- prototype semantics
52–53
- prototypical sense
70, 211, 215, 266, 274
- prototypical trivalent verbs
5
- psycholinguistic experiments
91, 263
Q
- qualitative differences in meaning
37, 80, 267
- query
102, 103, 97, 102, 104, 108
R
- random sample
97, 99–100, 102, 129, 137, 270
-
recipient
3, 5, 16–20, 22, 25, 32–33, 39, 42–44, 46, 58, 62, 66, 83, 93, 203, 207, 219, 228, 234, 242, 252
-
recipient or beneficiary
42
-
recipient or destination
107
- recipienthood inference
228–29
-
recipient-like argument
3, 46, 62, 75, 93, 129, 216, 219, 222, 247, 251, 264, 275
-
recipient-theme order
6, 16, 88, 130, 198, 269, 271–72
- Resultative Construction
48
- role of the preposition
233
- role of the verb
208, 257–58
S
- S(emantically)-synonymous35
- Satzbauplan
24, 27, 259, 265
- Satzmuster
48
- Satzmusterbedeutung
48, 267, 251, 277
- Satzmusterparadigma
48, 259
-
schicken
40, 42–44, 86, 137, 216, 218, 222, 245, 269
-
schicken/senden dataset
271
-
schicken/senden verbs
219, 273–74
- second object
36, 62, 84, 219, 252, 251
- semantic
- semantic class of the verb
20, 34, 46, 216
- semantic contribution of the construction
8
- semantic enrichment
239, 275
- semantic opposition
92, 244, 259
- semantic role
51, 93, 220, 225, 253, 275–76
- semantics
37, 78, 93, 267, 277
- semantics/pragmatics interface
8,
34, 37, 46, 51, 56, 78, 80, 90, 92–95, 208–9, 244, 246, 258, 267–68, 270, 275, 277
-
send verbs
5, 38, 70–71, 75, 76, 216, 269
- sense
- Sense (factor)
116, 154, 162–63, 206, 245, 260, 271–73, 276
- senses
24, 92, 218, 246, 260
- sentient recipient
220, 253, 254
- serialisation
16, 19, 84, 86
- significant factors
140, 157, 172, 185, 262, 266, 268, 271–73, 276
; see also predictor variable
- significative semantics
51, 56, 207, 258–59, 267
- difference with denotative semantics
51
- single-layered approach
37, 68, 80–81, 198, 258
- Source (factor)
126, 207, 271–73
- speaker
- speaker’s preferences
44, 94, 197–98
- specific readings
48, 91, 270
- statistical analysis
7, 103, 131, 271
- structural centre of the sentence
48
- structural parallelism
46
- stylistic differences
15, 56, 204
- subjects of a passive sentence
72
- successful transfer
33, 207, 213, 254, 266
- Swiss German
159, 207, 272
- Syncretism (factor)
205–6, 271, 273
- Syncretism of recipient (factor)
123, 274
- syntactic
- flexibility
14, 22, 42, 84, 203
- synthesis of Valency Theory and Construction Grammar
92
T
-
theme
3, 4, 6, 17, 40, 43, 46, 72, 83, 93, 198, 223, 253
-
theme Collocation (factor)
126
-
theme-like argument
3, 46, 62, 75, 93, 251, 264
-
theme-recipient order
6, 14, 16, 88, 130, 199, 204, 269, 271–72
- third argument
19, 39–40, 43, 62, 218, 252
- three layers of meaning, senses and readings
92
- three-place pattern
40, 252
- Three-Layer Approach
8, 56, 90–94, 198, 212–13, 270, 275, 277
-
to
-
to-dative Construction
266
- topicalisation
88, 122, 139, 204
- Topicalisation (factor)
82
- topic-focus structure
86, 88, 204
; see also focus
- transfer
4, 65
- Transfer Caused Motion Construction
6, 32, 35–36, 204, 266
- transfer meaning
255, 259, 276
- transfer of an entity to a recipient
247–49, 251
- Transfer of Possession
32, 36, 39, 76, 212, 243
- transfer verb
42, 56, 76, 91, 244
- transparency
14, 16, 205–6, 265, 274
- trivalent verb
4–5, 13, 15–16, 19, 20, 24, 50, 63–64, 75, 86, 98, 216, 252, 257, 265
Ü
- underspecification
62, 73, 90–91, 199, 215, 227, 246, 258, 259
- underspecified
- form
34, 36, 39, 79, 80, 93, 212, 217, 229, 244, 251–52, 255, 257–59, 274–77
- meaning
212, 218, 222, 226, 245, 274
- transfer meaning
245, 255, 259
- underlying construction
80
- uniform multiple meaning
38
- usage-based approach
37, 45, 54, 266
- vs. corpus- based approach
12
- utterance token meaning
91
- utterance type meaning
90
V
- valency
5, 7, 13, 15–16, 23, 34, 48–50, 75, 86, 208, 252, 256, 265
- Valency Approach
23, 90, 208, 265
- valency reduction
239–41, 275
- variables
11, 45, 81, 110, 133, 142
- various kinds of media
261
- verb
- Verb (factor)
159, 122, 206–8, 256, 272–73, 276
- verb class
38–39, 64, 68, 216, 243–44, 266, 269, 273
- verb dependent
208, 216, 256, 262
- verb meaning
7, 23, 37, 39–40, 43, 46–48, 54, 68, 162, 210, 216–17, 244, 267, 274, 276
- verb of communication
66, 262
- verb of transaction
20, 66, 87, 98
- verb root
43, 162, 208, 210, 216, 218, 242–43
- verb sense
55, 162, 245, 276
- verb valency
7, 23, 78, 208, 252
- Verb Sensitive Approach
38–39, 216, 266
-
verkaufen
18, 40, 42–43, 243
- Voice (factor)
74, 122, 206, 271
W
- word order
14, 16, 18, 21–22, 42–43, 138, 210, 262
; see also constituent order, order of the arguments
X
-
x cause y to have z
36, 80, 266
-
x causes y to move z
6, 33
-
x causes y to receive z
6, 31–32, 35, 247–248, 253
Z
-
zu +dative
4, 17, 22, 26, 39–40, 43, 51, 58–59, 61, 216, 221–22, 227, 233, 264, 275
-
zu-POC
14, 17, 18, 26, 40, 106, 151, 221, 223–24, 227, 229, 265, 271, 275