759
03
01
01
JB code
JB
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
JB code
SiHoLS 45 Hb
15
9789027245281
06
10.1075/sihols.45
13
87000897
00
BB
01
245
mm
02
164
mm
08
825
gr
10
01
JB code
SiHoLS
02
0304-0720
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45.00
01
02
Studies in the History of the Language Sciences
Studies in the History of the Language Sciences
01
01
The
Foundations of Grammar
An introduction to medieval Arabic grammatical theory
The Foundations of Grammar: An introduction to medieval Arabic grammatical theory
1
A01
01
JB code
1017
Jonathan Owens
Owens, Jonathan
Jonathan
Owens
University of Bayreuth
07
https://benjamins.com/catalog/persons/1017
01
eng
11
383
03
03
xii
03
00
371
03
01
19
492/.75/09
03
1988
PJ6075
04
Arabic language--Grammar--Theory, etc.--History.
10
LAN009000
12
CF
24
JB code
LIN.AFAS
Afro-Asiatic languages
24
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LIN.HOL
History of linguistics
24
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LIN.MED
Medieval linguistics
24
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LIN.SYNTAX
Syntax
01
06
02
00
In this volume the English translation is presented of the treatise on linguistic explanation by the 10th-century Arab grammarian az-Zaggagi. He worked in a period in which the influence of Greek logic and philosophy made itself felt in almost all Arabo-Islamic disciplines.
03
00
The Arabic grammatical tradition is one of the great traditions in the history of linguistics, yet it is also one that is comparatively unknown to modern western linguistics. The purpose of the present book is to provide an introduction to this grammatical tradition not merely by summarizing it, but by putting it into a perspective that will make it accessible to any linguist trained in the western tradition. The reader should not by put off by the word ‘medieval’: Arabic grammatical theory shares a number of fundamental similarities with modern linguistic theory. Indeed, one might argue that one reason Arabic theory has gone unappreciated for so long is that nothing like it existed in the West at the time of its ‘discovery’ by Europeans in the 19th century, when the European orientalist tradition was formed, and that it it only with the development of a Saussurean and Bloomfieldian structural tradition that a better perspective has become possible.
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10.1075/sihols.45.01sym
x
Miscellaneous
1
01
04
Symbols and conventions
Symbols and conventions
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.02pre
06
10.1075/sihols.45.02pre
xi
Miscellaneous
2
01
04
Preface
Preface
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.03int
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10.1075/sihols.45.03int
1
Chapter
3
01
04
1. Introduction
1. Introduction
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.04wha
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10.1075/sihols.45.04wha
1
Subsection
4
01
04
1.1 What the work does and does not do
1.1 What the work does and does not do
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.05who
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10.1075/sihols.45.05who
6
Subsection
5
01
04
1.2 Who were the Arabic grammarians?
1.2 Who were the Arabic grammarians?
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.06ara
06
10.1075/sihols.45.06ara
15
Subsection
6
01
04
1.3 Arabic grammatical work
1.3 Arabic grammatical work
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.07the
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10.1075/sihols.45.07the
19
Subsection
7
01
04
1.4 The data
1.4 The data
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.08the
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10.1075/sihols.45.08the
21
Subsection
8
01
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1.5 The descriptive technique
1.5 The descriptive technique
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.09wes
06
10.1075/sihols.45.09wes
23
Subsection
9
01
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1.6 Western linguistic principles
1.6 Western linguistic principles
01
eng
01
01
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10.1075/sihols.45.10lan
25
Subsection
10
01
04
1.7 Language diversity and language change
1.7 Language diversity and language change
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.11org
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10.1075/sihols.45.11org
28
Subsection
11
01
04
1.8 Organization of grammars
1.8 Organization of grammars
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.12str
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10.1075/sihols.45.12str
31
Chapter
12
01
04
2. Structure, function, class and dependency
2. Structure, function, class and dependency
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.13str
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10.1075/sihols.45.13str
31
Subsection
13
01
04
2.1 Structure and function
2.1 Structure and function
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.14ter
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10.1075/sihols.45.14ter
36
Subsection
14
01
04
2.2 Terms for sentence, kalam and jumla
2.2 Terms for sentence, kalâm and jumla
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.15gov
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10.1075/sihols.45.15gov
38
Subsection
15
01
04
2.3 Governance/dependency, cAmal
2.3 Governance/dependency,
cAmal
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.16six
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10.1075/sihols.45.16six
57
Subsection
16
01
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2.4 Six explanations for case form
2.4 Six explanations for case form
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.17the
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10.1075/sihols.45.17the
66
Subsection
17
01
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2.5 The function of inflection
2.5 The function of inflection
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.18uni
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10.1075/sihols.45.18uni
68
Subsection
18
01
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2.6 Uninflected words
2.6 Uninflected words
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.19cla
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10.1075/sihols.45.19cla
68
Subsection
19
01
04
2.7 Class
2.7 Class
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.20non
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10.1075/sihols.45.20non
74
Subsection
20
01
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2.8 Non-dependency relations and dependency
2.8 Non-dependency relations and dependency
01
eng
01
01
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10.1075/sihols.45.21con
75
Subsection
21
01
04
2.9 Constituency in Arabic theory
2.9 Constituency in Arabic theory
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.22com
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10.1075/sihols.45.22com
82
Subsection
22
01
04
2.10 Complementary distribution
2.10 Complementary distribution
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.23mor
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10.1075/sihols.45.23mor
84
Subsection
23
01
04
2.11 Morphological structure in Arabic theory
2.11 Morphological structure in Arabic theory
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.24the
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10.1075/sihols.45.24the
85
Subsection
24
01
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2.12 The structural nature of Arabic theory
2.12 The structural nature of Arabic theory
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.25mor
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10.1075/sihols.45.25mor
89
Chapter
25
01
04
3. Morphology
3. Morphology
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.26the
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10.1075/sihols.45.26the
89
Subsection
26
01
04
3.1 The linguistic sign: Kalam, Kalima, and Lafh
3.1 The linguistic sign: Kalâm, Kalima, and Lafḍh
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.27thr
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10.1075/sihols.45.27thr
94
Subsection
27
01
04
3.2 Three preliminary remarks
3.2 Three preliminary remarks
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.28tas
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10.1075/sihols.45.28tas
98
Subsection
28
01
04
3.3 Tasrif
3.3 Taṣrîf
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.29ish
06
10.1075/sihols.45.29ish
106
Subsection
29
01
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3.4 'Ishtiqaq "Derivation"
3.4 'Ishtiqâq “Derivation”
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.30mor
06
10.1075/sihols.45.30mor
109
Subsection
30
01
04
3.5 Morphemes and added sounds
3.5 Morphemes and added sounds
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.31the
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10.1075/sihols.45.31the
118
Subsection
31
01
04
3.6 The Tasrif of a root
3.6 The Taṣrîf of a root
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.32ara
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10.1075/sihols.45.32ara
120
Subsection
32
01
04
3.7 Arabic morphemic theory
3.7 Arabic morphemic theory
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.33mor
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10.1075/sihols.45.33mor
122
Subsection
33
01
04
3.8 Morphology as a generative system
3.8 Morphology as a generative system
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.34com
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10.1075/sihols.45.34com
123
Subsection
34
01
04
3.9 Compounding (tarkib)
3.9 Compounding (tarkîb)
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
35
01
04
3.10 Summary
3.10 Summary
01
eng
01
01
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10.1075/sihols.45.36wor
125
Chapter
36
01
04
4. Word classes
4. Word classes
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.37pho
06
10.1075/sihols.45.37pho
125
Subsection
37
01
04
4.1 Phonological
4.1 Phonological
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.38mor
06
10.1075/sihols.45.38mor
126
Subsection
38
01
04
4.2 Morphological
4.2 Morphological
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.39syn
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10.1075/sihols.45.39syn
126
Subsection
39
01
04
4.3 Syntactic
4.3 Syntactic
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.40sem
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10.1075/sihols.45.40sem
127
Subsection
40
01
04
4.4 Semantic
4.4 Semantic
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.41pro
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128
Subsection
41
01
04
4.5 Problems in the criteria
4.5 Problems in the criteria
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.42sub
06
10.1075/sihols.45.42sub
130
Subsection
42
01
04
4.6 Sub-classes
4.6 Sub-classes
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.43the
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10.1075/sihols.45.43the
131
Subsection
43
01
04
4.7 The circumstance (harf)
4.7 The circumstance (ḍharf)
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.44the
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10.1075/sihols.45.44the
136
Subsection
44
01
04
4.8 The active participle
4.8 The active participle
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.45the
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10.1075/sihols.45.45the
142
Subsection
45
01
04
4.9 The `verb' of exclamation
4.9 The ‘verb’ of exclamation
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.46the
06
10.1075/sihols.45.46the
148
Chapter
46
01
04
5. The `noun phrase`
5. The ‘noun phrase‘
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.47wha
06
10.1075/sihols.45.47wha
148
Subsection
47
01
04
5.1 What is a noun phrase and what does it do?
5.1 What is a noun phrase and what does it do?
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.48the
06
10.1075/sihols.45.48the
149
Subsection
48
01
04
5.2 The noun phrase components in Arabic theory
5.2 The noun phrase components in Arabic theory
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.49nou
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152
Subsection
49
01
04
5.3 Noun-noun relations
5.3 Noun-noun relations
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.50the
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158
Subsection
50
01
04
5.4 The noun phrase as a unit
5.4 The noun phrase as a unit
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.51sum
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166
Subsection
51
01
04
5.5 Summary
5.5 Summary
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.52tra
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167
Chapter
52
01
04
6. Transitivity
6. Transitivity
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.53typ
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167
Subsection
53
01
04
6.1 Types of objects
6.1 Types of objects
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.54mor
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10.1075/sihols.45.54mor
172
Subsection
54
01
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6.2 More objects
6.2 More objects
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
55
01
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6.3 Optionality
6.3 Optionality
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
56
01
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6.4 Causative
6.4 Causative
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
57
01
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6.5 Voice and verb derivation
6.5 Voice and verb derivation
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.58the
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180
Subsection
58
01
04
6.6 The passive
6.6 The passive
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.59ell
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186
Chapter
59
01
04
7. Ellipsis
7. Ellipsis
01
eng
01
01
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186
Subsection
60
01
04
7.1 Contextual
7.1 Contextual
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
61
01
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7.2 Structural
7.2 Structural
01
eng
01
01
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189
Subsection
62
01
04
7.3 Non-deletion
7.3 Non-deletion
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.63ibn
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190
Subsection
63
01
04
7.4 Ibn Hisham's summary
7.4 Ibn Hishâm's summary
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.64ext
06
10.1075/sihols.45.64ext
191
Subsection
64
01
04
7.5 Extension of function ('ittisac)
7.5 Extension of function ('ittisâc
)
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.65the
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10.1075/sihols.45.65the
192
Subsection
65
01
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7.6 The status of deletion
7.6 The status of deletion
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.66kuf
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Subsection
66
01
04
7.7 Kufan-Basran arguments
7.7 Kufan-Basran arguments
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.67not
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10.1075/sihols.45.67not
194
Subsection
67
01
04
7.8 Not all implicit relations are due to deletion
7.8 Not all implicit relations are due to deletion
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.68com
06
10.1075/sihols.45.68com
195
Subsection
68
01
04
7.9 Comparison with deletions in transformational grammar
7.9 Comparison with deletions in transformational grammar
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.69mar
06
10.1075/sihols.45.69mar
199
Chapter
69
01
04
8. Markedness in Arabic theory
8. Markedness in Arabic theory
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.70wha
06
10.1075/sihols.45.70wha
199
Subsection
70
01
04
8.1 What is markedness?
8.1 What is markedness?
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.71ana
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201
Subsection
71
01
04
8.2 An aside for terminology
8.2 An aside for terminology
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.72mar
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10.1075/sihols.45.72mar
202
Subsection
72
01
04
8.3 Markedness in Arabic theory
8.3 Markedness in Arabic theory
01
04
Sibawaih
Sîbawaih
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.73exa
06
10.1075/sihols.45.73exa
203
Subsection
73
01
04
8.4 Examples from later grammarians
8.4 Examples from later grammarians
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.74two
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10.1075/sihols.45.74two
205
Subsection
74
01
04
8.5 Two interpretations of Anbari's markedness schema
8.5 Two interpretations of Anbârî's markedness schema
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.75anb
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206
Subsection
75
01
04
8.6 Anbari's schema exemplified
8.6 Anbârî's schema exemplified
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.76seq
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215
Subsection
76
01
04
8.7 Sequence
8.7 Sequence
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.77the
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10.1075/sihols.45.77the
218
Subsection
77
01
04
8.8 The 'Asl-Farc distinction as one of markedness
8.8 The 'Aṣl-Farc
distinction as one of markedness
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.78com
06
10.1075/sihols.45.78com
220
Subsection
78
01
04
8.9 Comparison with transformational-generative grammar
8.9 Comparison with transformational-generative grammar
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.79syn
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10.1075/sihols.45.79syn
227
Chapter
79
01
04
9. Syntax, semantics and pragmatics
9. Syntax, semantics and pragmatics
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.80sem
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10.1075/sihols.45.80sem
228
Subsection
80
01
04
9.1 Semantic observations
9.1 Semantic observations
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.81syn
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10.1075/sihols.45.81syn
231
Subsection
81
01
04
9.2 Syntax and semantics
9.2 Syntax and semantics
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.82ase
06
10.1075/sihols.45.82ase
243
Subsection
82
01
04
9.3 A separate semantic level?
9.3 A separate semantic level?
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.83ara
06
10.1075/sihols.45.83ara
245
Subsection
83
01
04
9.4 Arabic grammar and transformational theory
9.4 Arabic grammar and transformational theory
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.84jur
06
10.1075/sihols.45.84jur
248
Subsection
84
01
04
9.5 Jurjani, language and communication
9.5 Jurjânî, language and communication
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.85jur
06
10.1075/sihols.45.85jur
250
Subsection
85
01
04
9.6 Jurjani and the Arabic linguistic tradition
9.6 Jurjânî and the Arabic linguistic tradition
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.86wor
06
10.1075/sihols.45.86wor
251
Subsection
86
01
04
9.7 Word order
9.7 Word order
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.87epi
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263
Subsection
87
01
04
9.8 Epilogue
9.8 Epilogue
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.88not
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265
Miscellaneous
88
01
04
Notes
Notes
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.89app
06
10.1075/sihols.45.89app
313
Miscellaneous
89
01
04
Appendix I List of Arabic linguists whose works are cited
Appendix I List of Arabic linguists whose works are cited
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.90app
06
10.1075/sihols.45.90app
315
Miscellaneous
90
01
04
Appendix II Brief summary of grammatical constructions
Appendix II Brief summary of grammatical constructions
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eng
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Miscellaneous
91
01
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Appendix III Original Arabic quotes
Appendix III Original Arabic quotes
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eng
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Miscellaneous
92
01
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Bibliography
Bibliography
01
eng
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sihols.45.93ind
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10.1075/sihols.45.93ind
359
Miscellaneous
93
01
04
Index of names
Index of names
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eng
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01
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10.1075/sihols.45.94sub
363
Miscellaneous
94
01
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Subject index
Subject index
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eng
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01
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sihols.45.95ind
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10.1075/sihols.45.95ind
369
Miscellaneous
95
01
04
Index of Arabic grammatical terms
Index of Arabic grammatical terms
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eng
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The
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In this volume the English translation is presented of the treatise on linguistic explanation by the 10th-century Arab grammarian az-Zaggagi. He worked in a period in which the influence of Greek logic and philosophy made itself felt in almost all Arabo-Islamic disciplines.
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The Arabic grammatical tradition is one of the great traditions in the history of linguistics, yet it is also one that is comparatively unknown to modern western linguistics. The purpose of the present book is to provide an introduction to this grammatical tradition not merely by summarizing it, but by putting it into a perspective that will make it accessible to any linguist trained in the western tradition. The reader should not by put off by the word ‘medieval’: Arabic grammatical theory shares a number of fundamental similarities with modern linguistic theory. Indeed, one might argue that one reason Arabic theory has gone unappreciated for so long is that nothing like it existed in the West at the time of its ‘discovery’ by Europeans in the 19th century, when the European orientalist tradition was formed, and that it it only with the development of a Saussurean and Bloomfieldian structural tradition that a better perspective has become possible.
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Miscellaneous
1
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Symbols and conventions
Symbols and conventions
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eng
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10.1075/sihols.45.02pre
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Miscellaneous
2
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Preface
Preface
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eng
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Chapter
3
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1. Introduction
1. Introduction
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eng
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Subsection
4
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1.1 What the work does and does not do
1.1 What the work does and does not do
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eng
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10.1075/sihols.45.05who
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Subsection
5
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1.2 Who were the Arabic grammarians?
1.2 Who were the Arabic grammarians?
01
eng
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sihols.45.06ara
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10.1075/sihols.45.06ara
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Subsection
6
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1.3 Arabic grammatical work
1.3 Arabic grammatical work
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eng
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Subsection
7
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1.4 The data
1.4 The data
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eng
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Subsection
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1.5 The descriptive technique
1.5 The descriptive technique
01
eng
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Subsection
9
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1.6 Western linguistic principles
1.6 Western linguistic principles
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eng
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Subsection
10
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1.7 Language diversity and language change
1.7 Language diversity and language change
01
eng
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Subsection
11
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1.8 Organization of grammars
1.8 Organization of grammars
01
eng
01
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Chapter
12
01
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2. Structure, function, class and dependency
2. Structure, function, class and dependency
01
eng
01
01
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31
Subsection
13
01
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2.1 Structure and function
2.1 Structure and function
01
eng
01
01
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10.1075/sihols.45.14ter
36
Subsection
14
01
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2.2 Terms for sentence, kalam and jumla
2.2 Terms for sentence, kalâm and jumla
01
eng
01
01
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10.1075/sihols.45.15gov
38
Subsection
15
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2.3 Governance/dependency, cAmal
2.3 Governance/dependency,
cAmal
01
eng
01
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Subsection
16
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2.4 Six explanations for case form
2.4 Six explanations for case form
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eng
01
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Subsection
17
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2.5 The function of inflection
2.5 The function of inflection
01
eng
01
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Subsection
18
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2.6 Uninflected words
2.6 Uninflected words
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
19
01
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2.7 Class
2.7 Class
01
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Subsection
20
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2.8 Non-dependency relations and dependency
2.8 Non-dependency relations and dependency
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
21
01
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2.9 Constituency in Arabic theory
2.9 Constituency in Arabic theory
01
eng
01
01
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82
Subsection
22
01
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2.10 Complementary distribution
2.10 Complementary distribution
01
eng
01
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Subsection
23
01
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2.11 Morphological structure in Arabic theory
2.11 Morphological structure in Arabic theory
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
24
01
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2.12 The structural nature of Arabic theory
2.12 The structural nature of Arabic theory
01
eng
01
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Chapter
25
01
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3. Morphology
3. Morphology
01
eng
01
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89
Subsection
26
01
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3.1 The linguistic sign: Kalam, Kalima, and Lafh
3.1 The linguistic sign: Kalâm, Kalima, and Lafḍh
01
eng
01
01
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94
Subsection
27
01
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3.2 Three preliminary remarks
3.2 Three preliminary remarks
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
28
01
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3.3 Tasrif
3.3 Taṣrîf
01
eng
01
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Subsection
29
01
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3.4 'Ishtiqaq "Derivation"
3.4 'Ishtiqâq “Derivation”
01
eng
01
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Subsection
30
01
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3.5 Morphemes and added sounds
3.5 Morphemes and added sounds
01
eng
01
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Subsection
31
01
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3.6 The Tasrif of a root
3.6 The Taṣrîf of a root
01
eng
01
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Subsection
32
01
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3.7 Arabic morphemic theory
3.7 Arabic morphemic theory
01
eng
01
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Subsection
33
01
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3.8 Morphology as a generative system
3.8 Morphology as a generative system
01
eng
01
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Subsection
34
01
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3.9 Compounding (tarkib)
3.9 Compounding (tarkîb)
01
eng
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Subsection
35
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3.10 Summary
3.10 Summary
01
eng
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Chapter
36
01
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4. Word classes
4. Word classes
01
eng
01
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Subsection
37
01
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4.1 Phonological
4.1 Phonological
01
eng
01
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Subsection
38
01
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4.2 Morphological
4.2 Morphological
01
eng
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Subsection
39
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4.3 Syntactic
4.3 Syntactic
01
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Subsection
40
01
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4.4 Semantic
4.4 Semantic
01
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01
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Subsection
41
01
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4.5 Problems in the criteria
4.5 Problems in the criteria
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
42
01
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4.6 Sub-classes
4.6 Sub-classes
01
eng
01
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Subsection
43
01
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4.7 The circumstance (harf)
4.7 The circumstance (ḍharf)
01
eng
01
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Subsection
44
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4.8 The active participle
4.8 The active participle
01
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Subsection
45
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4.9 The `verb' of exclamation
4.9 The ‘verb’ of exclamation
01
eng
01
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Chapter
46
01
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5. The `noun phrase`
5. The ‘noun phrase‘
01
eng
01
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Subsection
47
01
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5.1 What is a noun phrase and what does it do?
5.1 What is a noun phrase and what does it do?
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
48
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5.2 The noun phrase components in Arabic theory
5.2 The noun phrase components in Arabic theory
01
eng
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Subsection
49
01
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5.3 Noun-noun relations
5.3 Noun-noun relations
01
eng
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Subsection
50
01
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5.4 The noun phrase as a unit
5.4 The noun phrase as a unit
01
eng
01
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Subsection
51
01
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5.5 Summary
5.5 Summary
01
eng
01
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Chapter
52
01
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6. Transitivity
6. Transitivity
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
53
01
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6.1 Types of objects
6.1 Types of objects
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
54
01
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6.2 More objects
6.2 More objects
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
55
01
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6.3 Optionality
6.3 Optionality
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
56
01
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6.4 Causative
6.4 Causative
01
eng
01
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Subsection
57
01
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6.5 Voice and verb derivation
6.5 Voice and verb derivation
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
58
01
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6.6 The passive
6.6 The passive
01
eng
01
01
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Chapter
59
01
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7. Ellipsis
7. Ellipsis
01
eng
01
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Subsection
60
01
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7.1 Contextual
7.1 Contextual
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
61
01
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7.2 Structural
7.2 Structural
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
62
01
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7.3 Non-deletion
7.3 Non-deletion
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
63
01
04
7.4 Ibn Hisham's summary
7.4 Ibn Hishâm's summary
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.64ext
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191
Subsection
64
01
04
7.5 Extension of function ('ittisac)
7.5 Extension of function ('ittisâc
)
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
65
01
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7.6 The status of deletion
7.6 The status of deletion
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
66
01
04
7.7 Kufan-Basran arguments
7.7 Kufan-Basran arguments
01
eng
01
01
JB code
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194
Subsection
67
01
04
7.8 Not all implicit relations are due to deletion
7.8 Not all implicit relations are due to deletion
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.68com
06
10.1075/sihols.45.68com
195
Subsection
68
01
04
7.9 Comparison with deletions in transformational grammar
7.9 Comparison with deletions in transformational grammar
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.69mar
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199
Chapter
69
01
04
8. Markedness in Arabic theory
8. Markedness in Arabic theory
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.70wha
06
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199
Subsection
70
01
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8.1 What is markedness?
8.1 What is markedness?
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.71ana
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201
Subsection
71
01
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8.2 An aside for terminology
8.2 An aside for terminology
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.72mar
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202
Subsection
72
01
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8.3 Markedness in Arabic theory
8.3 Markedness in Arabic theory
01
04
Sibawaih
Sîbawaih
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.73exa
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203
Subsection
73
01
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8.4 Examples from later grammarians
8.4 Examples from later grammarians
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.74two
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Subsection
74
01
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8.5 Two interpretations of Anbari's markedness schema
8.5 Two interpretations of Anbârî's markedness schema
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.75anb
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206
Subsection
75
01
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8.6 Anbari's schema exemplified
8.6 Anbârî's schema exemplified
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.76seq
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215
Subsection
76
01
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8.7 Sequence
8.7 Sequence
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.77the
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218
Subsection
77
01
04
8.8 The 'Asl-Farc distinction as one of markedness
8.8 The 'Aṣl-Farc
distinction as one of markedness
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.78com
06
10.1075/sihols.45.78com
220
Subsection
78
01
04
8.9 Comparison with transformational-generative grammar
8.9 Comparison with transformational-generative grammar
01
eng
01
01
JB code
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Chapter
79
01
04
9. Syntax, semantics and pragmatics
9. Syntax, semantics and pragmatics
01
eng
01
01
JB code
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10.1075/sihols.45.80sem
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Subsection
80
01
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9.1 Semantic observations
9.1 Semantic observations
01
eng
01
01
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Subsection
81
01
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9.2 Syntax and semantics
9.2 Syntax and semantics
01
eng
01
01
JB code
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10.1075/sihols.45.82ase
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Subsection
82
01
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9.3 A separate semantic level?
9.3 A separate semantic level?
01
eng
01
01
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10.1075/sihols.45.83ara
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Subsection
83
01
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9.4 Arabic grammar and transformational theory
9.4 Arabic grammar and transformational theory
01
eng
01
01
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06
10.1075/sihols.45.84jur
248
Subsection
84
01
04
9.5 Jurjani, language and communication
9.5 Jurjânî, language and communication
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.85jur
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10.1075/sihols.45.85jur
250
Subsection
85
01
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9.6 Jurjani and the Arabic linguistic tradition
9.6 Jurjânî and the Arabic linguistic tradition
01
eng
01
01
JB code
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10.1075/sihols.45.86wor
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Subsection
86
01
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9.7 Word order
9.7 Word order
01
eng
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01
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Subsection
87
01
04
9.8 Epilogue
9.8 Epilogue
01
eng
01
01
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Miscellaneous
88
01
04
Notes
Notes
01
eng
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01
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10.1075/sihols.45.89app
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Miscellaneous
89
01
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Appendix I List of Arabic linguists whose works are cited
Appendix I List of Arabic linguists whose works are cited
01
eng
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01
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sihols.45.90app
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10.1075/sihols.45.90app
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Miscellaneous
90
01
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Appendix II Brief summary of grammatical constructions
Appendix II Brief summary of grammatical constructions
01
eng
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01
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10.1075/sihols.45.91app
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Miscellaneous
91
01
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Appendix III Original Arabic quotes
Appendix III Original Arabic quotes
01
eng
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01
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10.1075/sihols.45.92bib
345
Miscellaneous
92
01
04
Bibliography
Bibliography
01
eng
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.93ind
06
10.1075/sihols.45.93ind
359
Miscellaneous
93
01
04
Index of names
Index of names
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.94sub
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10.1075/sihols.45.94sub
363
Miscellaneous
94
01
04
Subject index
Subject index
01
eng
01
01
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sihols.45.95ind
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10.1075/sihols.45.95ind
369
Miscellaneous
95
01
04
Index of Arabic grammatical terms
Index of Arabic grammatical terms
01
eng
01
JB code
JBENJAMINS
John Benjamins Publishing Company
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JB
John Benjamins Publishing Company
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https://benjamins.com
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John Benjamins Publishing Company
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John Benjamins e-Platform
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John Benjamins Publishing Company
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SiHoLS 45 GE
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9789027278630
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10.1075/sihols.45
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EA
E133
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JB code
SiHoLS
02
JB code
0304-0720
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45.00
01
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Studies in the History of the Language Sciences
Studies in the History of the Language Sciences
01
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The
Foundations of Grammar
The Foundations of Grammar
1
A01
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JB code
1017
Jonathan Owens
Owens, Jonathan
Jonathan
Owens
University of Bayreuth
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eng
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383
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xii
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371
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24
JB code
LIN.AFAS
Afro-Asiatic languages
24
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LIN.HOL
History of linguistics
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LIN.MED
Medieval linguistics
24
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LIN.SYNTAX
Syntax
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LAN009000
12
CF
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06
02
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In this volume the English translation is presented of the treatise on linguistic explanation by the 10th-century Arab grammarian az-Zaggagi. He worked in a period in which the influence of Greek logic and philosophy made itself felt in almost all Arabo-Islamic disciplines.
03
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The Arabic grammatical tradition is one of the great traditions in the history of linguistics, yet it is also one that is comparatively unknown to modern western linguistics. The purpose of the present book is to provide an introduction to this grammatical tradition not merely by summarizing it, but by putting it into a perspective that will make it accessible to any linguist trained in the western tradition. The reader should not by put off by the word ‘medieval’: Arabic grammatical theory shares a number of fundamental similarities with modern linguistic theory. Indeed, one might argue that one reason Arabic theory has gone unappreciated for so long is that nothing like it existed in the West at the time of its ‘discovery’ by Europeans in the 19th century, when the European orientalist tradition was formed, and that it it only with the development of a Saussurean and Bloomfieldian structural tradition that a better perspective has become possible.
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sihols.45.01sym
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10.1075/sihols.45.01sym
x
Miscellaneous
1
01
04
Symbols and conventions
Symbols and conventions
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.02pre
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10.1075/sihols.45.02pre
xi
Miscellaneous
2
01
04
Preface
Preface
01
01
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sihols.45.03int
06
10.1075/sihols.45.03int
1
Chapter
3
01
04
1. Introduction
1. Introduction
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.04wha
06
10.1075/sihols.45.04wha
1
Subsection
4
01
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1.1 What the work does and does not do
1.1 What the work does and does not do
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.05who
06
10.1075/sihols.45.05who
6
Subsection
5
01
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1.2 Who were the Arabic grammarians?
1.2 Who were the Arabic grammarians?
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.06ara
06
10.1075/sihols.45.06ara
15
Subsection
6
01
04
1.3 Arabic grammatical work
1.3 Arabic grammatical work
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.07the
06
10.1075/sihols.45.07the
19
Subsection
7
01
04
1.4 The data
1.4 The data
01
01
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sihols.45.08the
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10.1075/sihols.45.08the
21
Subsection
8
01
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1.5 The descriptive technique
1.5 The descriptive technique
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.09wes
06
10.1075/sihols.45.09wes
23
Subsection
9
01
04
1.6 Western linguistic principles
1.6 Western linguistic principles
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.10lan
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10.1075/sihols.45.10lan
25
Subsection
10
01
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1.7 Language diversity and language change
1.7 Language diversity and language change
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.11org
06
10.1075/sihols.45.11org
28
Subsection
11
01
04
1.8 Organization of grammars
1.8 Organization of grammars
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.12str
06
10.1075/sihols.45.12str
31
Chapter
12
01
04
2. Structure, function, class and dependency
2. Structure, function, class and dependency
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.13str
06
10.1075/sihols.45.13str
31
Subsection
13
01
04
2.1 Structure and function
2.1 Structure and function
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.14ter
06
10.1075/sihols.45.14ter
36
Subsection
14
01
04
2.2 Terms for sentence, kalam and jumla
2.2 Terms for sentence, kalâm and jumla
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.15gov
06
10.1075/sihols.45.15gov
38
Subsection
15
01
04
2.3 Governance/dependency, cAmal
2.3 Governance/dependency,
cAmal
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.16six
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10.1075/sihols.45.16six
57
Subsection
16
01
04
2.4 Six explanations for case form
2.4 Six explanations for case form
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.17the
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10.1075/sihols.45.17the
66
Subsection
17
01
04
2.5 The function of inflection
2.5 The function of inflection
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.18uni
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10.1075/sihols.45.18uni
68
Subsection
18
01
04
2.6 Uninflected words
2.6 Uninflected words
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.19cla
06
10.1075/sihols.45.19cla
68
Subsection
19
01
04
2.7 Class
2.7 Class
01
01
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sihols.45.20non
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10.1075/sihols.45.20non
74
Subsection
20
01
04
2.8 Non-dependency relations and dependency
2.8 Non-dependency relations and dependency
01
01
JB code
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10.1075/sihols.45.21con
75
Subsection
21
01
04
2.9 Constituency in Arabic theory
2.9 Constituency in Arabic theory
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.22com
06
10.1075/sihols.45.22com
82
Subsection
22
01
04
2.10 Complementary distribution
2.10 Complementary distribution
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.23mor
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10.1075/sihols.45.23mor
84
Subsection
23
01
04
2.11 Morphological structure in Arabic theory
2.11 Morphological structure in Arabic theory
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.24the
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10.1075/sihols.45.24the
85
Subsection
24
01
04
2.12 The structural nature of Arabic theory
2.12 The structural nature of Arabic theory
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.25mor
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10.1075/sihols.45.25mor
89
Chapter
25
01
04
3. Morphology
3. Morphology
01
01
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sihols.45.26the
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10.1075/sihols.45.26the
89
Subsection
26
01
04
3.1 The linguistic sign: Kalam, Kalima, and Lafh
3.1 The linguistic sign: Kalâm, Kalima, and Lafḍh
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.27thr
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10.1075/sihols.45.27thr
94
Subsection
27
01
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3.2 Three preliminary remarks
3.2 Three preliminary remarks
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.28tas
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10.1075/sihols.45.28tas
98
Subsection
28
01
04
3.3 Tasrif
3.3 Taṣrîf
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.29ish
06
10.1075/sihols.45.29ish
106
Subsection
29
01
04
3.4 'Ishtiqaq "Derivation"
3.4 'Ishtiqâq “Derivation”
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.30mor
06
10.1075/sihols.45.30mor
109
Subsection
30
01
04
3.5 Morphemes and added sounds
3.5 Morphemes and added sounds
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.31the
06
10.1075/sihols.45.31the
118
Subsection
31
01
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3.6 The Tasrif of a root
3.6 The Taṣrîf of a root
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.32ara
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10.1075/sihols.45.32ara
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Subsection
32
01
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3.7 Arabic morphemic theory
3.7 Arabic morphemic theory
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.33mor
06
10.1075/sihols.45.33mor
122
Subsection
33
01
04
3.8 Morphology as a generative system
3.8 Morphology as a generative system
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.34com
06
10.1075/sihols.45.34com
123
Subsection
34
01
04
3.9 Compounding (tarkib)
3.9 Compounding (tarkîb)
01
01
JB code
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Subsection
35
01
04
3.10 Summary
3.10 Summary
01
01
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10.1075/sihols.45.36wor
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Chapter
36
01
04
4. Word classes
4. Word classes
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.37pho
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10.1075/sihols.45.37pho
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Subsection
37
01
04
4.1 Phonological
4.1 Phonological
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.38mor
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10.1075/sihols.45.38mor
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Subsection
38
01
04
4.2 Morphological
4.2 Morphological
01
01
JB code
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10.1075/sihols.45.39syn
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Subsection
39
01
04
4.3 Syntactic
4.3 Syntactic
01
01
JB code
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Subsection
40
01
04
4.4 Semantic
4.4 Semantic
01
01
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sihols.45.41pro
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Subsection
41
01
04
4.5 Problems in the criteria
4.5 Problems in the criteria
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.42sub
06
10.1075/sihols.45.42sub
130
Subsection
42
01
04
4.6 Sub-classes
4.6 Sub-classes
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.43the
06
10.1075/sihols.45.43the
131
Subsection
43
01
04
4.7 The circumstance (harf)
4.7 The circumstance (ḍharf)
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.44the
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10.1075/sihols.45.44the
136
Subsection
44
01
04
4.8 The active participle
4.8 The active participle
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.45the
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10.1075/sihols.45.45the
142
Subsection
45
01
04
4.9 The `verb' of exclamation
4.9 The ‘verb’ of exclamation
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.46the
06
10.1075/sihols.45.46the
148
Chapter
46
01
04
5. The `noun phrase`
5. The ‘noun phrase‘
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.47wha
06
10.1075/sihols.45.47wha
148
Subsection
47
01
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5.1 What is a noun phrase and what does it do?
5.1 What is a noun phrase and what does it do?
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.48the
06
10.1075/sihols.45.48the
149
Subsection
48
01
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5.2 The noun phrase components in Arabic theory
5.2 The noun phrase components in Arabic theory
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.49nou
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10.1075/sihols.45.49nou
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Subsection
49
01
04
5.3 Noun-noun relations
5.3 Noun-noun relations
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.50the
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10.1075/sihols.45.50the
158
Subsection
50
01
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5.4 The noun phrase as a unit
5.4 The noun phrase as a unit
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.51sum
06
10.1075/sihols.45.51sum
166
Subsection
51
01
04
5.5 Summary
5.5 Summary
01
01
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sihols.45.52tra
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Chapter
52
01
04
6. Transitivity
6. Transitivity
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.53typ
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10.1075/sihols.45.53typ
167
Subsection
53
01
04
6.1 Types of objects
6.1 Types of objects
01
01
JB code
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10.1075/sihols.45.54mor
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Subsection
54
01
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6.2 More objects
6.2 More objects
01
01
JB code
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10.1075/sihols.45.55opt
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Subsection
55
01
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6.3 Optionality
6.3 Optionality
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.56cau
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Subsection
56
01
04
6.4 Causative
6.4 Causative
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.57voi
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10.1075/sihols.45.57voi
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Subsection
57
01
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6.5 Voice and verb derivation
6.5 Voice and verb derivation
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.58the
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10.1075/sihols.45.58the
180
Subsection
58
01
04
6.6 The passive
6.6 The passive
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.59ell
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10.1075/sihols.45.59ell
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Chapter
59
01
04
7. Ellipsis
7. Ellipsis
01
01
JB code
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10.1075/sihols.45.60con
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Subsection
60
01
04
7.1 Contextual
7.1 Contextual
01
01
JB code
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10.1075/sihols.45.61str
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Subsection
61
01
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7.2 Structural
7.2 Structural
01
01
JB code
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10.1075/sihols.45.62non
189
Subsection
62
01
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7.3 Non-deletion
7.3 Non-deletion
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.63ibn
06
10.1075/sihols.45.63ibn
190
Subsection
63
01
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7.4 Ibn Hisham's summary
7.4 Ibn Hishâm's summary
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.64ext
06
10.1075/sihols.45.64ext
191
Subsection
64
01
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7.5 Extension of function ('ittisac)
7.5 Extension of function ('ittisâc
)
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.65the
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10.1075/sihols.45.65the
192
Subsection
65
01
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7.6 The status of deletion
7.6 The status of deletion
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.66kuf
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10.1075/sihols.45.66kuf
193
Subsection
66
01
04
7.7 Kufan-Basran arguments
7.7 Kufan-Basran arguments
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.67not
06
10.1075/sihols.45.67not
194
Subsection
67
01
04
7.8 Not all implicit relations are due to deletion
7.8 Not all implicit relations are due to deletion
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.68com
06
10.1075/sihols.45.68com
195
Subsection
68
01
04
7.9 Comparison with deletions in transformational grammar
7.9 Comparison with deletions in transformational grammar
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.69mar
06
10.1075/sihols.45.69mar
199
Chapter
69
01
04
8. Markedness in Arabic theory
8. Markedness in Arabic theory
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.70wha
06
10.1075/sihols.45.70wha
199
Subsection
70
01
04
8.1 What is markedness?
8.1 What is markedness?
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.71ana
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10.1075/sihols.45.71ana
201
Subsection
71
01
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8.2 An aside for terminology
8.2 An aside for terminology
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.72mar
06
10.1075/sihols.45.72mar
202
Subsection
72
01
04
8.3 Markedness in Arabic theory
8.3 Markedness in Arabic theory
01
04
Sibawaih
Sîbawaih
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.73exa
06
10.1075/sihols.45.73exa
203
Subsection
73
01
04
8.4 Examples from later grammarians
8.4 Examples from later grammarians
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.74two
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10.1075/sihols.45.74two
205
Subsection
74
01
04
8.5 Two interpretations of Anbari's markedness schema
8.5 Two interpretations of Anbârî's markedness schema
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.75anb
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10.1075/sihols.45.75anb
206
Subsection
75
01
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8.6 Anbari's schema exemplified
8.6 Anbârî's schema exemplified
01
01
JB code
sihols.45.76seq
06
10.1075/sihols.45.76seq
215
Subsection
76
01
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8.7 Sequence
8.7 Sequence
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8.8 The 'Asl-Farc distinction as one of markedness
8.8 The 'Aṣl-Farc
distinction as one of markedness
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8.9 Comparison with transformational-generative grammar
8.9 Comparison with transformational-generative grammar
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Chapter
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9. Syntax, semantics and pragmatics
9. Syntax, semantics and pragmatics
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9.1 Semantic observations
9.1 Semantic observations
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9.2 Syntax and semantics
9.2 Syntax and semantics
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9.3 A separate semantic level?
9.3 A separate semantic level?
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9.4 Arabic grammar and transformational theory
9.4 Arabic grammar and transformational theory
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9.5 Jurjani, language and communication
9.5 Jurjânî, language and communication
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9.6 Jurjani and the Arabic linguistic tradition
9.6 Jurjânî and the Arabic linguistic tradition
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9.7 Word order
9.7 Word order
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9.8 Epilogue
9.8 Epilogue
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Notes
Notes
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Appendix I List of Arabic linguists whose works are cited
Appendix I List of Arabic linguists whose works are cited
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Appendix II Brief summary of grammatical constructions
Appendix II Brief summary of grammatical constructions
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Miscellaneous
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Appendix III Original Arabic quotes
Appendix III Original Arabic quotes
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Bibliography
Bibliography
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Miscellaneous
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Index of names
Index of names
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Miscellaneous
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Subject index
Subject index
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Miscellaneous
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Index of Arabic grammatical terms
Index of Arabic grammatical terms
01
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