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12014936 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code SILV 15 Eb 15 9789027270504 06 10.1075/silv.15 13 2013050139 DG 002 02 01 SILV 02 1872-9592 Studies in Language Variation 15 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Advances in Sociophonetics</TitleText> 01 silv.15 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/silv.15 1 B01 Chiara Celata Celata, Chiara Chiara Celata Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa 2 B01 Silvia Calamai Calamai, Silvia Silvia Calamai Università degli Studi di Siena 01 eng 220 vi 214 LAN009000 v.2006 CFB 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.PHOT Phonetics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 06 01 Sociophonetics is a privileged domain for the investigation of language variation and change. By combining theoretical reflections and sophisticated techniques of analysis – both phonetic and statistical – it is possible to extrapolate the role of individual factors (socio-cultural, physiological, communicative-interactional, etc.) in the multidimensional space of speech variation.<br />This book investigates the fundamental relationship between speech variation and the social background of speakers from articulatory, acoustic, dialectological, and conversational perspectives, thus breaking new ground with respect to classical variationist and dialectological studies. Specialists from a broad range of disciplines – including phonetics, phonology, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and cognitive linguistics – will find innovative suggestions for multiple approaches to language variation. Although presuming some basic knowledge of experimental phonetics and sociolinguistics, the book is addressed to all readers with an interest in speech and language variation mechanisms in social interaction. 05 Chiara Celata and Silvia Calamai's book guides the reader through recent developments in sociophonetics. The book is important for those interested in learning the sources and functions of sociophonetic variation. In this exciting new book, the contributors show how the understanding of variation and sociolinguistics gives new perspectives on language variation. The book is also important for those interested in the cognitive representation of phonetic variation. Didier Demolin, Stendhal University, Grenoble and director of the SLD team of GIPSA-lab, Grenoble 05 Sociophonetics is a fairly recent development in the general field of language variation and change. The term primarily denotes a phonetically accountable approach to the interplay between individual and community manifested in the distribution of phonetic variants. As shown in these chapters, sociophonetic analysis often has an overtly cognitive focus, and works with consonantal variation more commonly and comfortably than earlier analysis in the LVC tradition. The volume consists of seven high quality contributions by both well known and less established scholars from a number of different language communities. Using a variety of modern laboratory phonetic procedures, the volume covers variation in French, German, Italian and several varieties of English. The research presented is innovatory, well written and well documented, and offers essential reading for students and researchers in this field. Lesley Milroy, University of Michigan 05 This is a most welcome collection of papers in the emerging field of sociophonetics. The research presented here offers methodological advances, critical insights into the roots of the field, and both theoretical innovation and empirical challenge. The collection will be of interest to a wide range of scholars within and beyond phonetics and sociolinguistics. Paul Foulkes, University of York 05 [A] welcome contribution to sociophonetic research. It is distinct from existing literature in the field on a number of levels, including its general focuses on consonants rather than vowels, on European languages rather than American Englishes, and on contributors' explorations into more abstract questions of phonology and cognition rather than on presentations of large sets of data. Christopher Strelluf, on Linguist List 26.1467, March 2015 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/silv.15.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027234957.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027234957.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/silv.15.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/silv.15.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/silv.15.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/silv.15.hb.png 10 01 JB code silv.15.00int 1 14 14 Article 1 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Introduction</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Sociophonetic perspectives on language variation</Subtitle> 1 A01 Chiara Celata Celata, Chiara Chiara Celata Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa 2 A01 Silvia Calamai Calamai, Silvia Silvia Calamai Università degli Studi di Siena 10 01 JB code silv.15.p1 Section header 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part I. Variation and sociolinguistics</TitleText> 10 01 JB code silv.15.01lab 17 28 12 Article 3 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">The sociophonetic orientation of the language learner</TitleText> <TitlePrefix>The </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">sociophonetic orientation of the language learner</TitleWithoutPrefix> 1 A01 William Labov Labov, William William Labov 01 This paper is an effort to define the phonetic target of the language learner: what are the data that the child focuses on in becoming a native speaker? A number of studies are reviewed to show that children reject the idiosyncratic features of their parents&#8217; phonetic system if they do not match the pattern of the larger speech community: &#160;in the acquisition of the Philadelphia and New York City dialects; &#160;the formation of a new dialect in Milton Keynes; the spread of the low back merger in eastern New England; the reduction of the future marker in Tok Pisin. The end result is a high degree of uniformity in both the categorical and variable aspects of language, where individual variation is reduced below the level of linguistic significance. 10 01 JB code silv.15.02lak 31 56 26 Article 4 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">French liaison and the lexical repository</TitleText> 1 A01 Bernard Laks Laks, Bernard Bernard Laks Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, Institut Universitaire de France 2 A01 Basilio Calderone Calderone, Basilio Basilio Calderone CLLE-ERSS, CNRS & Université de Toulouse – Le Mirail 3 A01 Chiara Celata Celata, Chiara Chiara Celata Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa 01 In this paper we propose a frequency analysis of French liaison that focuses on the liaison environments attested in the PFC database. The results of the analysis show the existence of a significant relationship (statistically interpreted as a power-law distribution) according to which a very restricted set of liaison environments has very high frequency of occurrence in the corpus and is substantially untouched by phonological and sociolinguistic variation, while a large &#8220;periphery&#8221; of infrequent uses appears to show significant aspects of style- and speaker-dependent variation. The study therefore demonstrates the importance of basing any variationist analysis on very large data sample, such as those provided by contemporary, well-reasoned linguistic corpora. 10 01 JB code silv.15.p2 Section header 5 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part II. Sources and functions of sociophonetic variation</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Case studies</Subtitle> 10 01 JB code silv.15.03stu 59 96 38 Article 6 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Derhoticisation in Scottish English</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A sociophonetic journey</Subtitle> 1 A01 Jane Stuart-Smith Stuart-Smith, Jane Jane Stuart-Smith English Language / Glasgow University Laboratory of Phonetics, University of Glasgow 2 A01 Eleanor Lawson Lawson, Eleanor Eleanor Lawson CASL Research Centre, Queen Margaret University Edinburgh 3 A01 James M. Scobbie Scobbie, James M. James M. Scobbie CASL Research Centre, Queen Margaret University Edinburgh 01 This paper presents the rewards of a sociophonetic journey by focusing on fine-grained variation in Scottish English coda /r/. We synthesize the results of some 15 years of research and provide a sociophonological account of variation and change in this feature. We summarize observations on coda /r/ in Scottish English across the twentieth century, which reveal a socially-constrained, long-term process of derhoticisation in working-class speech, alongside strengthening of /r/ in middle-class speakers. We then consider the linguistic and social factors involved, information from studies based on listener responses, the acoustics of derhoticisation, and insights gained from a socio-articulatory ultrasound corpus collected. These different views of coda /r/ force us to consider carefully the complex relationships between auditory, acoustic, and articulatory descriptions of (socially structured) speech. We conclude by discussing the implications of our results for mental representations of speech and social information for speaker-hearers in this community. 10 01 JB code silv.15.04tem 97 136 40 Article 7 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Where and what is (t, d)?</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A case study in taking a step back in order to advance sociophonetics</Subtitle> 1 A01 Rosalind Temple Temple, Rosalind Rosalind Temple 01 The variable deletion of /t,d/ in word-final clusters in English has garnered much attention from sociolinguists and, more recently, phonologists, most of whom model it as a binary variable phonological rule. This paper examines in detail some (t,d) clusters in York English and compares them with other word-final singleton and cluster consonants. In the light of the general literature on English, it explores an alternative view, that in at least one variety of British English &#8220;-t,d deletion&#8221; is in fact one of the common connected speech processes which apply at the boundaries between words. It thus underlines the importance for advances in sociophonetics of taking a step back to examine critically the basic units of analysis of variable rules. 10 01 JB code silv.15.05mar 137 168 32 Article 8 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">New parameters for the sociophonetic indexes</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Evidence from the Tuscan varieties of Italian</Subtitle> 1 A01 Giovanna Marotta Marotta, Giovanna Giovanna Marotta 01 A sociophonetic analysis of the main phonological processes occurring in Tuscan Italian is presented within a global proposal of a new, original set of parameters of variation. After a general discussion on the sociophonetic indexes and the illustration of phonological processes occurring in the local pronunciation of Italian, the parameters of the new model are metaphorically identified as properties of solids, i.e. shape, size, thickness and weight. In the last section of the paper, the sociophonetic parameters proposed are compared with the socially-marked variables proposed by Labov (2001), showing analogies and differences. The advantages derivable from the model proposed are finally discussed, with the explicit acknowledgement of the need for the inspection of the phonological system in sociophonetic analysis. 10 01 JB code silv.15.06sor 169 186 18 Article 9 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Sound archives and linguistic variation</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">The case of the Phlegraean diphtongs</Subtitle> 1 A01 Rosanna Sornicola Sornicola, Rosanna Rosanna Sornicola Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” 2 A01 Silvia Calamai Calamai, Silvia Silvia Calamai Università degli Studi di Siena 01 Sound archives are important resources for sociophonetic analysis: first, they contain relatively uncontrolled speech styles, not usually included in the speech databases used in sociophonetic research; second, they allow us to study in a historical perspective some phonetic phenomena that would otherwise be known only for their most recent or contemporary manifestations. Several complex phonetic phenomena such as Romance diphthongization may be better understood by means of sound archives of spontaneous speech. The paper describes the general principles underlying the building of ADICA (Archivio dei dialetti campani), an archive of spoken dialectal texts from the Phlegraean area. The main features of Phlegraean diphthongs are thus discussed with particular attention to their variability, their social distribution, together with their historical development. 10 01 JB code silv.15.p3 Section header 10 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part III. What is (and what is not) a sociophonetic change</TitleText> 10 01 JB code silv.15.07sim 189 204 16 Article 11 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Ejectives in English and German</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Linguistic, sociophonetic, interactional, epiphenomenal?</Subtitle> 1 A01 Adrian Simpson Simpson, Adrian Adrian Simpson 01 This paper describes the phonetic form, the distribution and the possible functions of ejectives in English and German, proposing that ejectives are on the increase in different varieties in English. The problems of teasing apart the different contributions of allophonic regularity, interactional function, sociophonetic variability and epiphenomenal inevitability in accounting for ejectives in English are discussed. Possible production mechanisms behind ejectives in both languages are explored and doubt is cast on previous epiphenomenal accounts which have ignored the importance of a pulmonic component in creating the necessary intra-oral pressure increase. This, in turn, raises questions about possible production mechanisms behind ejectives in languages in which they play a regular part in the phonological inventory. 10 01 JB code silv.15.09aind 205 208 4 Miscellaneous 12 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Author Index</TitleText> 10 01 JB code silv.15.08sind 209 214 6 Miscellaneous 13 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Subject Index</TitleText> 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20140612 2014 John Benjamins B.V. 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027234957 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 jbe-platform.com 09 WORLD 21 01 00 99.00 EUR R 01 00 83.00 GBP Z 01 gen 00 149.00 USD S 426014935 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code SILV 15 Hb 15 9789027234957 13 2013050139 BB 01 SILV 02 1872-9592 Studies in Language Variation 15 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Advances in Sociophonetics</TitleText> 01 silv.15 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/silv.15 1 B01 Chiara Celata Celata, Chiara Chiara Celata Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa 2 B01 Silvia Calamai Calamai, Silvia Silvia Calamai Università degli Studi di Siena 01 eng 220 vi 214 LAN009000 v.2006 CFB 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.PHOT Phonetics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 06 01 Sociophonetics is a privileged domain for the investigation of language variation and change. By combining theoretical reflections and sophisticated techniques of analysis – both phonetic and statistical – it is possible to extrapolate the role of individual factors (socio-cultural, physiological, communicative-interactional, etc.) in the multidimensional space of speech variation.<br />This book investigates the fundamental relationship between speech variation and the social background of speakers from articulatory, acoustic, dialectological, and conversational perspectives, thus breaking new ground with respect to classical variationist and dialectological studies. Specialists from a broad range of disciplines – including phonetics, phonology, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and cognitive linguistics – will find innovative suggestions for multiple approaches to language variation. Although presuming some basic knowledge of experimental phonetics and sociolinguistics, the book is addressed to all readers with an interest in speech and language variation mechanisms in social interaction. 05 Chiara Celata and Silvia Calamai's book guides the reader through recent developments in sociophonetics. The book is important for those interested in learning the sources and functions of sociophonetic variation. In this exciting new book, the contributors show how the understanding of variation and sociolinguistics gives new perspectives on language variation. The book is also important for those interested in the cognitive representation of phonetic variation. Didier Demolin, Stendhal University, Grenoble and director of the SLD team of GIPSA-lab, Grenoble 05 Sociophonetics is a fairly recent development in the general field of language variation and change. The term primarily denotes a phonetically accountable approach to the interplay between individual and community manifested in the distribution of phonetic variants. As shown in these chapters, sociophonetic analysis often has an overtly cognitive focus, and works with consonantal variation more commonly and comfortably than earlier analysis in the LVC tradition. The volume consists of seven high quality contributions by both well known and less established scholars from a number of different language communities. Using a variety of modern laboratory phonetic procedures, the volume covers variation in French, German, Italian and several varieties of English. The research presented is innovatory, well written and well documented, and offers essential reading for students and researchers in this field. Lesley Milroy, University of Michigan 05 This is a most welcome collection of papers in the emerging field of sociophonetics. The research presented here offers methodological advances, critical insights into the roots of the field, and both theoretical innovation and empirical challenge. The collection will be of interest to a wide range of scholars within and beyond phonetics and sociolinguistics. Paul Foulkes, University of York 05 [A] welcome contribution to sociophonetic research. It is distinct from existing literature in the field on a number of levels, including its general focuses on consonants rather than vowels, on European languages rather than American Englishes, and on contributors' explorations into more abstract questions of phonology and cognition rather than on presentations of large sets of data. Christopher Strelluf, on Linguist List 26.1467, March 2015 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/silv.15.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027234957.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027234957.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/silv.15.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/silv.15.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/silv.15.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/silv.15.hb.png 10 01 JB code silv.15.00int 1 14 14 Article 1 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Introduction</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Sociophonetic perspectives on language variation</Subtitle> 1 A01 Chiara Celata Celata, Chiara Chiara Celata Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa 2 A01 Silvia Calamai Calamai, Silvia Silvia Calamai Università degli Studi di Siena 10 01 JB code silv.15.p1 Section header 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part I. Variation and sociolinguistics</TitleText> 10 01 JB code silv.15.01lab 17 28 12 Article 3 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">The sociophonetic orientation of the language learner</TitleText> <TitlePrefix>The </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">sociophonetic orientation of the language learner</TitleWithoutPrefix> 1 A01 William Labov Labov, William William Labov 01 This paper is an effort to define the phonetic target of the language learner: what are the data that the child focuses on in becoming a native speaker? A number of studies are reviewed to show that children reject the idiosyncratic features of their parents&#8217; phonetic system if they do not match the pattern of the larger speech community: &#160;in the acquisition of the Philadelphia and New York City dialects; &#160;the formation of a new dialect in Milton Keynes; the spread of the low back merger in eastern New England; the reduction of the future marker in Tok Pisin. The end result is a high degree of uniformity in both the categorical and variable aspects of language, where individual variation is reduced below the level of linguistic significance. 10 01 JB code silv.15.02lak 31 56 26 Article 4 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">French liaison and the lexical repository</TitleText> 1 A01 Bernard Laks Laks, Bernard Bernard Laks Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, Institut Universitaire de France 2 A01 Basilio Calderone Calderone, Basilio Basilio Calderone CLLE-ERSS, CNRS & Université de Toulouse – Le Mirail 3 A01 Chiara Celata Celata, Chiara Chiara Celata Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa 01 In this paper we propose a frequency analysis of French liaison that focuses on the liaison environments attested in the PFC database. The results of the analysis show the existence of a significant relationship (statistically interpreted as a power-law distribution) according to which a very restricted set of liaison environments has very high frequency of occurrence in the corpus and is substantially untouched by phonological and sociolinguistic variation, while a large &#8220;periphery&#8221; of infrequent uses appears to show significant aspects of style- and speaker-dependent variation. The study therefore demonstrates the importance of basing any variationist analysis on very large data sample, such as those provided by contemporary, well-reasoned linguistic corpora. 10 01 JB code silv.15.p2 Section header 5 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part II. Sources and functions of sociophonetic variation</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Case studies</Subtitle> 10 01 JB code silv.15.03stu 59 96 38 Article 6 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Derhoticisation in Scottish English</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A sociophonetic journey</Subtitle> 1 A01 Jane Stuart-Smith Stuart-Smith, Jane Jane Stuart-Smith English Language / Glasgow University Laboratory of Phonetics, University of Glasgow 2 A01 Eleanor Lawson Lawson, Eleanor Eleanor Lawson CASL Research Centre, Queen Margaret University Edinburgh 3 A01 James M. Scobbie Scobbie, James M. James M. Scobbie CASL Research Centre, Queen Margaret University Edinburgh 01 This paper presents the rewards of a sociophonetic journey by focusing on fine-grained variation in Scottish English coda /r/. We synthesize the results of some 15 years of research and provide a sociophonological account of variation and change in this feature. We summarize observations on coda /r/ in Scottish English across the twentieth century, which reveal a socially-constrained, long-term process of derhoticisation in working-class speech, alongside strengthening of /r/ in middle-class speakers. We then consider the linguistic and social factors involved, information from studies based on listener responses, the acoustics of derhoticisation, and insights gained from a socio-articulatory ultrasound corpus collected. These different views of coda /r/ force us to consider carefully the complex relationships between auditory, acoustic, and articulatory descriptions of (socially structured) speech. We conclude by discussing the implications of our results for mental representations of speech and social information for speaker-hearers in this community. 10 01 JB code silv.15.04tem 97 136 40 Article 7 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Where and what is (t, d)?</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A case study in taking a step back in order to advance sociophonetics</Subtitle> 1 A01 Rosalind Temple Temple, Rosalind Rosalind Temple 01 The variable deletion of /t,d/ in word-final clusters in English has garnered much attention from sociolinguists and, more recently, phonologists, most of whom model it as a binary variable phonological rule. This paper examines in detail some (t,d) clusters in York English and compares them with other word-final singleton and cluster consonants. In the light of the general literature on English, it explores an alternative view, that in at least one variety of British English &#8220;-t,d deletion&#8221; is in fact one of the common connected speech processes which apply at the boundaries between words. It thus underlines the importance for advances in sociophonetics of taking a step back to examine critically the basic units of analysis of variable rules. 10 01 JB code silv.15.05mar 137 168 32 Article 8 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">New parameters for the sociophonetic indexes</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Evidence from the Tuscan varieties of Italian</Subtitle> 1 A01 Giovanna Marotta Marotta, Giovanna Giovanna Marotta 01 A sociophonetic analysis of the main phonological processes occurring in Tuscan Italian is presented within a global proposal of a new, original set of parameters of variation. After a general discussion on the sociophonetic indexes and the illustration of phonological processes occurring in the local pronunciation of Italian, the parameters of the new model are metaphorically identified as properties of solids, i.e. shape, size, thickness and weight. In the last section of the paper, the sociophonetic parameters proposed are compared with the socially-marked variables proposed by Labov (2001), showing analogies and differences. The advantages derivable from the model proposed are finally discussed, with the explicit acknowledgement of the need for the inspection of the phonological system in sociophonetic analysis. 10 01 JB code silv.15.06sor 169 186 18 Article 9 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Sound archives and linguistic variation</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">The case of the Phlegraean diphtongs</Subtitle> 1 A01 Rosanna Sornicola Sornicola, Rosanna Rosanna Sornicola Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” 2 A01 Silvia Calamai Calamai, Silvia Silvia Calamai Università degli Studi di Siena 01 Sound archives are important resources for sociophonetic analysis: first, they contain relatively uncontrolled speech styles, not usually included in the speech databases used in sociophonetic research; second, they allow us to study in a historical perspective some phonetic phenomena that would otherwise be known only for their most recent or contemporary manifestations. Several complex phonetic phenomena such as Romance diphthongization may be better understood by means of sound archives of spontaneous speech. The paper describes the general principles underlying the building of ADICA (Archivio dei dialetti campani), an archive of spoken dialectal texts from the Phlegraean area. The main features of Phlegraean diphthongs are thus discussed with particular attention to their variability, their social distribution, together with their historical development. 10 01 JB code silv.15.p3 Section header 10 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part III. What is (and what is not) a sociophonetic change</TitleText> 10 01 JB code silv.15.07sim 189 204 16 Article 11 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Ejectives in English and German</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Linguistic, sociophonetic, interactional, epiphenomenal?</Subtitle> 1 A01 Adrian Simpson Simpson, Adrian Adrian Simpson 01 This paper describes the phonetic form, the distribution and the possible functions of ejectives in English and German, proposing that ejectives are on the increase in different varieties in English. The problems of teasing apart the different contributions of allophonic regularity, interactional function, sociophonetic variability and epiphenomenal inevitability in accounting for ejectives in English are discussed. Possible production mechanisms behind ejectives in both languages are explored and doubt is cast on previous epiphenomenal accounts which have ignored the importance of a pulmonic component in creating the necessary intra-oral pressure increase. This, in turn, raises questions about possible production mechanisms behind ejectives in languages in which they play a regular part in the phonological inventory. 10 01 JB code silv.15.09aind 205 208 4 Miscellaneous 12 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Author Index</TitleText> 10 01 JB code silv.15.08sind 209 214 6 Miscellaneous 13 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Subject Index</TitleText> 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20140612 2014 John Benjamins B.V. 02 WORLD 08 540 gr 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 01 WORLD US CA MX 21 5 20 01 02 JB 1 00 99.00 EUR R 02 02 JB 1 00 104.94 EUR R 01 JB 10 bebc +44 1202 712 934 +44 1202 712 913 sales@bebc.co.uk 03 GB 21 20 02 02 JB 1 00 83.00 GBP Z 01 JB 2 John Benjamins North America +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 01 US CA MX 21 20 01 gen 02 JB 1 00 149.00 USD