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84007391 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code SLCS 99 Eb 15 9789027290304 06 10.1075/slcs.99 13 2007052230 DG 002 02 01 SLCS 02 0165-7763 Studies in Language Companion Series 99 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Essays on Nominal Determination</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">From morphology to discourse management</Subtitle> 01 slcs.99 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.99 1 B01 Henrik Høeg Müller Høeg Müller, Henrik Henrik Høeg Müller Copenhagen Business School 2 B01 Alex Klinge Klinge, Alex Alex Klinge Copenhagen Business School 01 eng 392 xviii 369 LAN009000 v.2006 CFK 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.DISC Discourse studies 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.SEMAN Semantics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 06 01 This volume brings together scholars of diverse theoretical persuasions who all share an interest in capturing the role that nominal determination and reference assignment play in the complicated interplay between thought, language and communication. The articles can be divided roughly into five main areas of concern: the conceptual level of determination; the emergence and function of articles; their semantic contribution to nominal interpretation; the morphology and syntax of determiners; and the interplay and contrasts between articles, demonstratives and possessives. Thus, linguistic and philosophical issues in the subject field of nominal determination are addressed at all interface levels between morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. This volume shows that different theoretical frameworks may be brought fruitfully together in the effort to formulate new analyses of well-known problems, but also to raise new questions and point to new areas which may prove interesting topics for future research both in functional and formal paradigms. 05 This book is satisfying in that it offers a focused treatment of the very basic and important linguistic feature of nominal determination, which encompasses definite and indefinite articles, possessives, demonstratives, quantifiers,numerals, adjectives, nouns and their phrasal projections, and discourse management, as pointed out in the introduction...if you are interested in topics like definite and indefinite articles,generic plurals, and linguistic number, you are bound to find something in this volume that rewards you for whatever time you invest in it. Karen Steffen Chung, National Taiwan University, on Linguist List 22.400, 2011 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/slcs.99.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027231109.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027231109.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/slcs.99.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/slcs.99.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/slcs.99.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/slcs.99.hb.png 10 01 JB code slcs.99.01lis vii viii 2 Miscellaneous 1 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Contributors</TitleText> 10 01 JB code slcs.99.02the ix 1 Miscellaneous 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">The editors</TitleText> <TitlePrefix>The </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">editors</TitleWithoutPrefix> 10 01 JB code slcs.99.02hoe xi xviii 8 Miscellaneous 3 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Introduction</TitleText> 1 A01 Henrik Høeg Müller Høeg Müller, Henrik Henrik Høeg Müller 2 A01 Alex Klinge Klinge, Alex Alex Klinge 01 This is a volume which brings together scholars of diverse theoretical persuasions who all share an interest in capturing the role that determination plays in nominals. There is a long tradition of exploring the role of determination in reference assignment and the interplay of determination with quantification. One of the primary functions of determination is to guide reference assignment, and in this way determination plays a central role in providing a link between thought, language, communication, and the world. The diversity of theoretical persuasions represented reflects the observation that different theoretical frameworks may be brought fruitfully together by a shared interest in research questions. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.03har 1 25 25 Article 4 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Determiners and definiteness: Functional semantics and structural differentiation</TitleText> 1 A01 Peter Harder Harder, Peter Peter Harder University of Copenhagen 01 Both functional and formal approaches frequently suggest that structural and semantic categories ultimately match up (possibly even universally). They arrive at this result, however, via different descriptive strategies: most functionbased approaches set up structures primarily based on semantic/functional description, subsequently looking for distributional confirmation. Formal descriptions, on the other hand, primarily focus on distributional patterns, but often aim to show that these correspond to semantic distinctions. In contrast, I try to show that the determiner category comprises heterogeneous elements whose shared function must be understood as a result of a function-based structural pattern imposed top-down (partially arbitrary, partially motivated), which carves out a specific slot in the complex noun phrase for the basic ‘grounding’ choice between definite and indefinite reference. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.04her 27 43 17 Article 5 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Articles, definite and indefinite</TitleText> 1 A01 Michael Herslund Herslund, Michael Michael Herslund Copenhagen Business School 01 In the Indo-European languages where a definite article exists, it is historically derived from a demonstrative pronoun. The hypothesis of this paper is that the origin of the definite article is the creation of noun phrase structure by the subordination of a noun to a demonstrative pronoun. This process is described for the Romance languages and Danish. In languages where an indefinite article exists, it is historically derived from the numeral ‘one’. This origin of the indefinite article points out two possible directions for its further evolution: it can continue as a quantifier or it can become a classifier. The quantifier road is illustrated by the plural of the indefinite article in Old French and Spanish, the classifier use by the two indefinite articles of Modern French. Definite and indefinite articles thus have different functions and values: definite articles are pronominal heads, indefinite articles are quantifiers or classifiers. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.05sta 45 63 19 Article 6 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Typological correlations in nominal determination in Romance</TitleText> 1 A01 Elisabeth Stark Stark, Elisabeth Elisabeth Stark University of Zurich 01 This paper discusses divergences and significant typological correlations found in the family of Romance languages, specifically French, Italian and Spanish. It proposes to reinterpret the complex system of indefinite nominal determination in two central Romance languages, viz. French and Italian, which both feature an indefinite article and a partitive article, as a device of nominal classification in a broad sense, marking the conceptually important distinction between a single, contoured referent and a non-contoured substance. It is argued that this classification system arose when nominal declension in Latin, which differentiated these two referentially highly relevant cognitive concepts via overt gender and number affixes, was partially or completely lost. In contrast to modern central Romance languages, which require obligatory (indefinite) determination in almost every argument position, modern peripheral Romance languages like Romanian or Spanish, possessing a simpler and more flexible system of determination, developed a system of differential object marking in order to unambiguously indicate contoured and highly individualized referents in direct object position. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.06wil 65 78 14 Article 7 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">A stranger in the house: The French article <i>de</i></TitleText> <TitlePrefix>A </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">stranger in the house: The French article <i>de</i></TitleWithoutPrefix> 1 A01 Marc Wilmet Wilmet, Marc Marc Wilmet Université Libre de Bruxelles 01 The present contribution argues in favour of the recognition of an article de in French which occurs either alone or with another article. The approach adopted calls for an historical recapitulation, i.e. “where does the article come from?”, a theoretical investigation, i.e. “what is an article?”, and the identification of an inventory, i.e. “what qualifies as an article?”. Finally, a table is provided which summarizes the articles in terms of three pairs of oppositions, viz. part vs. whole, mass vs. count, continuous vs. discontinuous. The article de is definable as a partitive article, sometimes mass or count, continuous or discontinuous (where the form is <i>de</i>), sometimes continuous mass (where the form is <i>du</i>, <i>de la</i>), sometimes discontinuous mass or count (where the form is <i>des</i>), sometimes continuous mass and count (where the form is <i>d’un</i>, <i>d’une</i>). 10 01 JB code slcs.99.07kor 79 99 21 Article 8 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Determination in endocentric and exocentric languages: With evidence primarily from Danish and Italian</TitleText> 1 A01 Iørn Korzen Korzen, Iørn Iørn Korzen Copenhagen Business School 01 In this paper it is argued that there is a correlation between lexico-semantic specificity and a tendency towards textual “promotion” of nouns (and, also, of verbs). Textually promoted nouns serve as “instantiators” of nominal “occurrences”, i.e. first, second or third order entities, and in order for a noun to instantiate an entity in a text, a coding of the feature [± identifiable to the hearer] is needed (possibly along with other features as well). In other words: generally, the noun must appear with a determiner. In fact, there is a general tendency for Romance nouns (which are lexically more specific than Germanic ones) to appear with a determiner, whereas Germanic nouns much more often appear undetermined and, possibly, incorporated in verbal or prepositional structures. The mentioned correlation hypothesis is substantiated with evidence mainly from Danish and Italian. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.08zam 101 130 30 Article 9 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Bare predicate nominals in Romance languages</TitleText> 1 A01 Roberto Zamparelli Zamparelli, Roberto Roberto Zamparelli Università di Trento 01 This paper offers an analysis for the possible absence of determiners in singular predicate nominals that refer to <i>professions, roles </i>and certain relations (e.g.<i>dottore, capo-mafia, figlio di Luigi </i>in Italian). Building on the theory of noun phrases in Heycock and Zamparelli (2005), it argues that while singular count nouns are normally licensed by the presence of a determiner, nouns that form bare predicates have an impoverished set of features (in particular, no set value for gender), and can be licensed by entering in an agreement relation with the subject of the predication. Semantically, the article distinguishes three subclasses of bare predicates, and argues that role / profession nouns ambiguously refer either to sets of individuals or to the activities which can identify these individuals. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.09leo 131 162 32 Article 10 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Definiteness effect and the role of the coda in existential constructions</TitleText> 1 A01 Manuel Leonetti Leonetti, Manuel Manuel Leonetti Universidad de Alcalá 01 The Definiteness Effect (DE) in existential contexts appears as a robust constraint in some languages (Spanish) while it seems to be absent in others (Italian, Catalan). However, a closer inspection of Italian and Catalan data shows that the DE has some presence in those languages as well, when the coda of the existential is explicit and occurs inside the VP. This paper investigates the effects produced by the coda on definiteness, and connects such effects to other constraints on the licensing of postverbal subjects, all ultimately tied to nformation structure. I suggest that a classbetween definiteness and Focus structure is at the origin of the DE, when definite expressions resist insertion into pure thetic or Broad Focus sentences. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.10hoe 163 188 26 Article 11 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Determination of N2 modifiers in Spanish nominal syntagmatic compounds</TitleText> 1 A01 Henrik Høeg Müller Høeg Müller, Henrik Henrik Høeg Müller Copenhagen Business School 01 To many informants the semantic difference between the following two types of nominal syntagmatic compounds (NSCs) in Spanish seems almost undetectable or maybe even non-existent.<br />a. <i>Crisis de la energía </i>(energy crisis), <i>crisis del petróleo </i>(oil crisis), <i>puesta del sol</i><br />(sun set)<br />[internal structure: N1prep. def.N2]<br />b. <i>Fuente de energía </i>(energy source), <i>pozo de petróleo </i>(oil well) <i>día de sol </i>(day<br />of sun)<br />[internal structure: N1 prep. ØN2]<br />However, I will claim that the two structure types are far from being synonymous. A fundamental assumption in the article is that conceptualisation of basic entity types as either heterogeneous, delimited and internally structured (bounded) or homogeneous, amorphous and without delimitation or internal structure (unbounded) interacts with the grammatical determiner system in attributing interpretational values to NSCs. The point of departure is that the definite article attributes to N2 either a referential reading or a prototype reading, while the zero determiner brings about an interpretation as either a mass or a concept. In the last part of the article it is argued that the semantic effects of the N2 configuration are essentially different from genericity. Nominals in existential or generic expressions denote, or are sometimes even said to <i>refer to</i>, a class or type of objects, whereas N2 gives access to characteristic properties of the entity type. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.11lon 189 211 23 Article 12 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Reference to individuals, person, and the variety of mapping parameters</TitleText> 1 A01 Giuseppe Longobardi Longobardi, Giuseppe Giuseppe Longobardi Università di Trieste 01 The paper addresses two related questions: whether the principle that nominal arguments must be projections of D, apparently holding in many Romance languages, holds in English and in other languages as well; and why such a principle should exist at all. The answer empirically suggested to the first question is that the principle does hold in English, contrary to Chierchia (1998) and supporting the N-movement approach to the nominal Romance-Germanic parametrization proposed by Longobardi (1996), but that certain other languages, specifically Japanese, are likely to exhibit nominal arguments without D, as expected in Chierchia’s (1998) framework. Following the restrictive approach to phrase structure proposed by Chomsky (1995, ch 4.), the second question will be addressed by identifying D with the Person head and by arguing that the latter feature is crucial to allow type-shifting from property- to individual-denotation. Under a minimalist theory of parameter formats, it will be argued that all the three possible polymorphic realizations of the feature Person admitted by such a theory are crosslinguistically instantiated, precisely by Japanese, English, and Italian. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.12ber 213 232 20 Article 13 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">English <i>th</i>- forms</TitleText> 1 A01 Judy B. Bernstein Bernstein, Judy B. Judy B. Bernstein William Paterson University 01 This paper develops the idea that English words like <i>the</i>, <i>they</i>, <i>this</i>, and existential<i>there </i>share an initial <i>th- </i>morpheme, which is identified as a 3rd person marker unspecified for number and gender. Also developed is the proposal that person is a property of D (head of the functional projection “Determiner Phrase”). Not adopted is the idea that definiteness or deixis is inherently encoded in D, although the proposal is compatible with an approach that takes these features to be derivationally associated with D. The proposed analysis therefore departs from that of Lyons (1999), who argues that the features person and definiteness are conflated and simultaneously associated with D. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.13kli 233 263 31 Article 14 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Stating the case for <i>&#254;</i>- root and <i>hw</i>- root determiners</TitleText> 1 A01 Alex Klinge Klinge, Alex Alex Klinge Copenhagen Business School 01 In this article I will show that the existence of coherent classes of determiners based on pan-Germanic <i>þ</i>- and <i>hw</i>- roots, such as English ‘this’ and ‘which’ and German ‘diese’ and ‘welche’, make it necessary to reanalyse the syntactic classes and paradigmatic contrasts in the functional domain of Germanic DPs. It will be argued that the two þ- and hw- morphemes contain procedural semantics which encodes two contrasting ways that a referent may be identified for an index in a propositional form. I will focus on English and German, but reference will also be made to Danish.<br />As a first step it will be argued that there is no coherent syntactic class of articles. Then I will draw on etymological and comparative data, and on morphological and distributional facts to show that the two morphemes have been remarkably resilient across Germanic languages for more than a thousand years. Finally, I will anchor their resilience in their semantic and pragmatic raison d’être. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.14fuk 265 286 22 Article 15 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">On certain differences between noun phrases and clauses</TitleText> 1 A01 Naoki Fukui Fukui, Naoki Naoki Fukui Sophia University 2 A01 Mihoko Zushi Zushi, Mihoko Mihoko Zushi Kanagawa University 01 Along with the noted similarities that have prompted much important study in the development of the theory of phrase structure and movement, nouns and verbs (and their projections) exhibit remarkable differences. These differences have often been neglected or otherwise discredited in favor of the similarities that have been a target for novel proposals regarding the internal structures of noun phrases and clauses. This paper tries to pin down the locus of the differences, and identifies the fundamental difference between noun phrases and clauses as the fact that noun phrases (nominal expressions) have a singlelayered internal structure having a single phase and are completed (or “closed”) in terms of licensing of internal elements, whereas clauses have a double-layered internal structure with two internal phases one of which (<i>v</i>P) is not completed (or “open”) in the sense that outside probes (namely, C and C-T) play a role in determining the inner workings of <i>v</i>P. The paper argues in a preliminary form that from this fundamental difference (which itself seems to be rooted in considerations of the C-I interface, i.e., clauses are propositions while nominal expressions are typically arguments), various syntactic differences between the two classes of categories, particularly those with respect to A-movement and A’-movement, naturally follow. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.15dam 287 308 22 Article 16 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Determination, nominalisation and conceptual processing</TitleText> 1 A01 Helle Dam Jensen Dam Jensen, Helle Helle Dam Jensen Aarhus School of Business 01 The purpose of this article is to account for the interpretive process initiated by nominalisations in Spanish. I shall start from the assumption that both morphological nominalisations and syntactic nominalisations, in which a determiner merges with either an infinitive phrase or a complementizer phrase, generate a complex interpretive process due to a clash between an interpretation in terms of ‘entity’, on the one hand, and an interpretation as ‘situation’, on the other. I shall substantiate this claim by analysing nominalised infinitive phrases, nominalised complementizer phrases and morphological nominalisations. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.16kle 309 336 28 Article 17 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">The semantics and pragmatics of the possessive determiner</TitleText> <TitlePrefix>The </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">semantics and pragmatics of the possessive determiner</TitleWithoutPrefix> 1 A01 Georges Kleiber Kleiber, Georges Georges Kleiber Université Marc Bloch 01 “This article deals with the semantics and pragmatics of the possessive adjective in French. As a point of departure we do not base this article, as it is traditionally done, on the general semantic category of ‘possession’, but instead we take our point of departure in the competition of the possessive determiner and the definite article in the context of associative anaphors. This article shows firstly, that the possessive adjective requires an <i>a priori </i>dependant asymmetry between the two entities E1 and E2 which are implied by a possessive description, secondly, that this asymmetry is satisfied either by the ontological status of the entities involved; by the semantico-lexical relation between the Ns of the entities involved which indicate an <i>a priori </i>subordination; or by a discursive relation between two specific groups or classes of referents established by the linguistic or situational context.” 10 01 JB code slcs.99.17fre 337 364 28 Article 18 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Reference, determiners and descriptive content</TitleText> 1 A01 Thorstein Fretheim Fretheim, Thorstein Thorstein Fretheim Norwegian University of Science and Technology 2 A01 Nana Aba Appiah Amfo Amfo, Nana Aba Appiah Nana Aba Appiah Amfo University of Ghana 01 This paper starts out arguing that Gundel et al.’s claim that whatever a demonstrative can do, a definite article can do equally well is in need of revision. Then, against the tenor of Gundel et al.’s Givenness Hierarchy model, we postulate a univocal lexical meaning for determiners and corresponding pronouns in Norwegian, but we also show that what appears to be a conflation of definite article and distal demonstrative determiner in certain syntactic environments in Norwegian is two distinct linguistic phenomena in spoken Norwegian, and finally we argue that segmentally identical determiners and pronouns in the Niger-Congo language Akan are semantically distinct lexemes. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.19ind 365 369 5 Miscellaneous 19 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Index</TitleText> 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20080709 2008 John Benjamins 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027231109 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 jbe-platform.com 09 WORLD 21 01 00 110.00 EUR R 01 00 92.00 GBP Z 01 gen 00 165.00 USD S 19006129 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code SLCS 99 Hb 15 9789027231109 13 2007052230 BB 01 SLCS 02 0165-7763 Studies in Language Companion Series 99 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Essays on Nominal Determination</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">From morphology to discourse management</Subtitle> 01 slcs.99 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.99 1 B01 Henrik Høeg Müller Høeg Müller, Henrik Henrik Høeg Müller Copenhagen Business School 2 B01 Alex Klinge Klinge, Alex Alex Klinge Copenhagen Business School 01 eng 392 xviii 369 LAN009000 v.2006 CFK 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.DISC Discourse studies 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.PRAG Pragmatics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.SEMAN Semantics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 06 01 This volume brings together scholars of diverse theoretical persuasions who all share an interest in capturing the role that nominal determination and reference assignment play in the complicated interplay between thought, language and communication. The articles can be divided roughly into five main areas of concern: the conceptual level of determination; the emergence and function of articles; their semantic contribution to nominal interpretation; the morphology and syntax of determiners; and the interplay and contrasts between articles, demonstratives and possessives. Thus, linguistic and philosophical issues in the subject field of nominal determination are addressed at all interface levels between morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. This volume shows that different theoretical frameworks may be brought fruitfully together in the effort to formulate new analyses of well-known problems, but also to raise new questions and point to new areas which may prove interesting topics for future research both in functional and formal paradigms. 05 This book is satisfying in that it offers a focused treatment of the very basic and important linguistic feature of nominal determination, which encompasses definite and indefinite articles, possessives, demonstratives, quantifiers,numerals, adjectives, nouns and their phrasal projections, and discourse management, as pointed out in the introduction...if you are interested in topics like definite and indefinite articles,generic plurals, and linguistic number, you are bound to find something in this volume that rewards you for whatever time you invest in it. Karen Steffen Chung, National Taiwan University, on Linguist List 22.400, 2011 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/slcs.99.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027231109.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027231109.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/slcs.99.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/slcs.99.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/slcs.99.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/slcs.99.hb.png 10 01 JB code slcs.99.01lis vii viii 2 Miscellaneous 1 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Contributors</TitleText> 10 01 JB code slcs.99.02the ix 1 Miscellaneous 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">The editors</TitleText> <TitlePrefix>The </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">editors</TitleWithoutPrefix> 10 01 JB code slcs.99.02hoe xi xviii 8 Miscellaneous 3 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Introduction</TitleText> 1 A01 Henrik Høeg Müller Høeg Müller, Henrik Henrik Høeg Müller 2 A01 Alex Klinge Klinge, Alex Alex Klinge 01 This is a volume which brings together scholars of diverse theoretical persuasions who all share an interest in capturing the role that determination plays in nominals. There is a long tradition of exploring the role of determination in reference assignment and the interplay of determination with quantification. One of the primary functions of determination is to guide reference assignment, and in this way determination plays a central role in providing a link between thought, language, communication, and the world. The diversity of theoretical persuasions represented reflects the observation that different theoretical frameworks may be brought fruitfully together by a shared interest in research questions. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.03har 1 25 25 Article 4 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Determiners and definiteness: Functional semantics and structural differentiation</TitleText> 1 A01 Peter Harder Harder, Peter Peter Harder University of Copenhagen 01 Both functional and formal approaches frequently suggest that structural and semantic categories ultimately match up (possibly even universally). They arrive at this result, however, via different descriptive strategies: most functionbased approaches set up structures primarily based on semantic/functional description, subsequently looking for distributional confirmation. Formal descriptions, on the other hand, primarily focus on distributional patterns, but often aim to show that these correspond to semantic distinctions. In contrast, I try to show that the determiner category comprises heterogeneous elements whose shared function must be understood as a result of a function-based structural pattern imposed top-down (partially arbitrary, partially motivated), which carves out a specific slot in the complex noun phrase for the basic ‘grounding’ choice between definite and indefinite reference. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.04her 27 43 17 Article 5 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Articles, definite and indefinite</TitleText> 1 A01 Michael Herslund Herslund, Michael Michael Herslund Copenhagen Business School 01 In the Indo-European languages where a definite article exists, it is historically derived from a demonstrative pronoun. The hypothesis of this paper is that the origin of the definite article is the creation of noun phrase structure by the subordination of a noun to a demonstrative pronoun. This process is described for the Romance languages and Danish. In languages where an indefinite article exists, it is historically derived from the numeral ‘one’. This origin of the indefinite article points out two possible directions for its further evolution: it can continue as a quantifier or it can become a classifier. The quantifier road is illustrated by the plural of the indefinite article in Old French and Spanish, the classifier use by the two indefinite articles of Modern French. Definite and indefinite articles thus have different functions and values: definite articles are pronominal heads, indefinite articles are quantifiers or classifiers. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.05sta 45 63 19 Article 6 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Typological correlations in nominal determination in Romance</TitleText> 1 A01 Elisabeth Stark Stark, Elisabeth Elisabeth Stark University of Zurich 01 This paper discusses divergences and significant typological correlations found in the family of Romance languages, specifically French, Italian and Spanish. It proposes to reinterpret the complex system of indefinite nominal determination in two central Romance languages, viz. French and Italian, which both feature an indefinite article and a partitive article, as a device of nominal classification in a broad sense, marking the conceptually important distinction between a single, contoured referent and a non-contoured substance. It is argued that this classification system arose when nominal declension in Latin, which differentiated these two referentially highly relevant cognitive concepts via overt gender and number affixes, was partially or completely lost. In contrast to modern central Romance languages, which require obligatory (indefinite) determination in almost every argument position, modern peripheral Romance languages like Romanian or Spanish, possessing a simpler and more flexible system of determination, developed a system of differential object marking in order to unambiguously indicate contoured and highly individualized referents in direct object position. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.06wil 65 78 14 Article 7 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">A stranger in the house: The French article <i>de</i></TitleText> <TitlePrefix>A </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">stranger in the house: The French article <i>de</i></TitleWithoutPrefix> 1 A01 Marc Wilmet Wilmet, Marc Marc Wilmet Université Libre de Bruxelles 01 The present contribution argues in favour of the recognition of an article de in French which occurs either alone or with another article. The approach adopted calls for an historical recapitulation, i.e. “where does the article come from?”, a theoretical investigation, i.e. “what is an article?”, and the identification of an inventory, i.e. “what qualifies as an article?”. Finally, a table is provided which summarizes the articles in terms of three pairs of oppositions, viz. part vs. whole, mass vs. count, continuous vs. discontinuous. The article de is definable as a partitive article, sometimes mass or count, continuous or discontinuous (where the form is <i>de</i>), sometimes continuous mass (where the form is <i>du</i>, <i>de la</i>), sometimes discontinuous mass or count (where the form is <i>des</i>), sometimes continuous mass and count (where the form is <i>d’un</i>, <i>d’une</i>). 10 01 JB code slcs.99.07kor 79 99 21 Article 8 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Determination in endocentric and exocentric languages: With evidence primarily from Danish and Italian</TitleText> 1 A01 Iørn Korzen Korzen, Iørn Iørn Korzen Copenhagen Business School 01 In this paper it is argued that there is a correlation between lexico-semantic specificity and a tendency towards textual “promotion” of nouns (and, also, of verbs). Textually promoted nouns serve as “instantiators” of nominal “occurrences”, i.e. first, second or third order entities, and in order for a noun to instantiate an entity in a text, a coding of the feature [± identifiable to the hearer] is needed (possibly along with other features as well). In other words: generally, the noun must appear with a determiner. In fact, there is a general tendency for Romance nouns (which are lexically more specific than Germanic ones) to appear with a determiner, whereas Germanic nouns much more often appear undetermined and, possibly, incorporated in verbal or prepositional structures. The mentioned correlation hypothesis is substantiated with evidence mainly from Danish and Italian. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.08zam 101 130 30 Article 9 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Bare predicate nominals in Romance languages</TitleText> 1 A01 Roberto Zamparelli Zamparelli, Roberto Roberto Zamparelli Università di Trento 01 This paper offers an analysis for the possible absence of determiners in singular predicate nominals that refer to <i>professions, roles </i>and certain relations (e.g.<i>dottore, capo-mafia, figlio di Luigi </i>in Italian). Building on the theory of noun phrases in Heycock and Zamparelli (2005), it argues that while singular count nouns are normally licensed by the presence of a determiner, nouns that form bare predicates have an impoverished set of features (in particular, no set value for gender), and can be licensed by entering in an agreement relation with the subject of the predication. Semantically, the article distinguishes three subclasses of bare predicates, and argues that role / profession nouns ambiguously refer either to sets of individuals or to the activities which can identify these individuals. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.09leo 131 162 32 Article 10 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Definiteness effect and the role of the coda in existential constructions</TitleText> 1 A01 Manuel Leonetti Leonetti, Manuel Manuel Leonetti Universidad de Alcalá 01 The Definiteness Effect (DE) in existential contexts appears as a robust constraint in some languages (Spanish) while it seems to be absent in others (Italian, Catalan). However, a closer inspection of Italian and Catalan data shows that the DE has some presence in those languages as well, when the coda of the existential is explicit and occurs inside the VP. This paper investigates the effects produced by the coda on definiteness, and connects such effects to other constraints on the licensing of postverbal subjects, all ultimately tied to nformation structure. I suggest that a classbetween definiteness and Focus structure is at the origin of the DE, when definite expressions resist insertion into pure thetic or Broad Focus sentences. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.10hoe 163 188 26 Article 11 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Determination of N2 modifiers in Spanish nominal syntagmatic compounds</TitleText> 1 A01 Henrik Høeg Müller Høeg Müller, Henrik Henrik Høeg Müller Copenhagen Business School 01 To many informants the semantic difference between the following two types of nominal syntagmatic compounds (NSCs) in Spanish seems almost undetectable or maybe even non-existent.<br />a. <i>Crisis de la energía </i>(energy crisis), <i>crisis del petróleo </i>(oil crisis), <i>puesta del sol</i><br />(sun set)<br />[internal structure: N1prep. def.N2]<br />b. <i>Fuente de energía </i>(energy source), <i>pozo de petróleo </i>(oil well) <i>día de sol </i>(day<br />of sun)<br />[internal structure: N1 prep. ØN2]<br />However, I will claim that the two structure types are far from being synonymous. A fundamental assumption in the article is that conceptualisation of basic entity types as either heterogeneous, delimited and internally structured (bounded) or homogeneous, amorphous and without delimitation or internal structure (unbounded) interacts with the grammatical determiner system in attributing interpretational values to NSCs. The point of departure is that the definite article attributes to N2 either a referential reading or a prototype reading, while the zero determiner brings about an interpretation as either a mass or a concept. In the last part of the article it is argued that the semantic effects of the N2 configuration are essentially different from genericity. Nominals in existential or generic expressions denote, or are sometimes even said to <i>refer to</i>, a class or type of objects, whereas N2 gives access to characteristic properties of the entity type. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.11lon 189 211 23 Article 12 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Reference to individuals, person, and the variety of mapping parameters</TitleText> 1 A01 Giuseppe Longobardi Longobardi, Giuseppe Giuseppe Longobardi Università di Trieste 01 The paper addresses two related questions: whether the principle that nominal arguments must be projections of D, apparently holding in many Romance languages, holds in English and in other languages as well; and why such a principle should exist at all. The answer empirically suggested to the first question is that the principle does hold in English, contrary to Chierchia (1998) and supporting the N-movement approach to the nominal Romance-Germanic parametrization proposed by Longobardi (1996), but that certain other languages, specifically Japanese, are likely to exhibit nominal arguments without D, as expected in Chierchia’s (1998) framework. Following the restrictive approach to phrase structure proposed by Chomsky (1995, ch 4.), the second question will be addressed by identifying D with the Person head and by arguing that the latter feature is crucial to allow type-shifting from property- to individual-denotation. Under a minimalist theory of parameter formats, it will be argued that all the three possible polymorphic realizations of the feature Person admitted by such a theory are crosslinguistically instantiated, precisely by Japanese, English, and Italian. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.12ber 213 232 20 Article 13 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">English <i>th</i>- forms</TitleText> 1 A01 Judy B. Bernstein Bernstein, Judy B. Judy B. Bernstein William Paterson University 01 This paper develops the idea that English words like <i>the</i>, <i>they</i>, <i>this</i>, and existential<i>there </i>share an initial <i>th- </i>morpheme, which is identified as a 3rd person marker unspecified for number and gender. Also developed is the proposal that person is a property of D (head of the functional projection “Determiner Phrase”). Not adopted is the idea that definiteness or deixis is inherently encoded in D, although the proposal is compatible with an approach that takes these features to be derivationally associated with D. The proposed analysis therefore departs from that of Lyons (1999), who argues that the features person and definiteness are conflated and simultaneously associated with D. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.13kli 233 263 31 Article 14 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Stating the case for <i>&#254;</i>- root and <i>hw</i>- root determiners</TitleText> 1 A01 Alex Klinge Klinge, Alex Alex Klinge Copenhagen Business School 01 In this article I will show that the existence of coherent classes of determiners based on pan-Germanic <i>þ</i>- and <i>hw</i>- roots, such as English ‘this’ and ‘which’ and German ‘diese’ and ‘welche’, make it necessary to reanalyse the syntactic classes and paradigmatic contrasts in the functional domain of Germanic DPs. It will be argued that the two þ- and hw- morphemes contain procedural semantics which encodes two contrasting ways that a referent may be identified for an index in a propositional form. I will focus on English and German, but reference will also be made to Danish.<br />As a first step it will be argued that there is no coherent syntactic class of articles. Then I will draw on etymological and comparative data, and on morphological and distributional facts to show that the two morphemes have been remarkably resilient across Germanic languages for more than a thousand years. Finally, I will anchor their resilience in their semantic and pragmatic raison d’être. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.14fuk 265 286 22 Article 15 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">On certain differences between noun phrases and clauses</TitleText> 1 A01 Naoki Fukui Fukui, Naoki Naoki Fukui Sophia University 2 A01 Mihoko Zushi Zushi, Mihoko Mihoko Zushi Kanagawa University 01 Along with the noted similarities that have prompted much important study in the development of the theory of phrase structure and movement, nouns and verbs (and their projections) exhibit remarkable differences. These differences have often been neglected or otherwise discredited in favor of the similarities that have been a target for novel proposals regarding the internal structures of noun phrases and clauses. This paper tries to pin down the locus of the differences, and identifies the fundamental difference between noun phrases and clauses as the fact that noun phrases (nominal expressions) have a singlelayered internal structure having a single phase and are completed (or “closed”) in terms of licensing of internal elements, whereas clauses have a double-layered internal structure with two internal phases one of which (<i>v</i>P) is not completed (or “open”) in the sense that outside probes (namely, C and C-T) play a role in determining the inner workings of <i>v</i>P. The paper argues in a preliminary form that from this fundamental difference (which itself seems to be rooted in considerations of the C-I interface, i.e., clauses are propositions while nominal expressions are typically arguments), various syntactic differences between the two classes of categories, particularly those with respect to A-movement and A’-movement, naturally follow. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.15dam 287 308 22 Article 16 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Determination, nominalisation and conceptual processing</TitleText> 1 A01 Helle Dam Jensen Dam Jensen, Helle Helle Dam Jensen Aarhus School of Business 01 The purpose of this article is to account for the interpretive process initiated by nominalisations in Spanish. I shall start from the assumption that both morphological nominalisations and syntactic nominalisations, in which a determiner merges with either an infinitive phrase or a complementizer phrase, generate a complex interpretive process due to a clash between an interpretation in terms of ‘entity’, on the one hand, and an interpretation as ‘situation’, on the other. I shall substantiate this claim by analysing nominalised infinitive phrases, nominalised complementizer phrases and morphological nominalisations. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.16kle 309 336 28 Article 17 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">The semantics and pragmatics of the possessive determiner</TitleText> <TitlePrefix>The </TitlePrefix> <TitleWithoutPrefix textformat="02">semantics and pragmatics of the possessive determiner</TitleWithoutPrefix> 1 A01 Georges Kleiber Kleiber, Georges Georges Kleiber Université Marc Bloch 01 “This article deals with the semantics and pragmatics of the possessive adjective in French. As a point of departure we do not base this article, as it is traditionally done, on the general semantic category of ‘possession’, but instead we take our point of departure in the competition of the possessive determiner and the definite article in the context of associative anaphors. This article shows firstly, that the possessive adjective requires an <i>a priori </i>dependant asymmetry between the two entities E1 and E2 which are implied by a possessive description, secondly, that this asymmetry is satisfied either by the ontological status of the entities involved; by the semantico-lexical relation between the Ns of the entities involved which indicate an <i>a priori </i>subordination; or by a discursive relation between two specific groups or classes of referents established by the linguistic or situational context.” 10 01 JB code slcs.99.17fre 337 364 28 Article 18 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Reference, determiners and descriptive content</TitleText> 1 A01 Thorstein Fretheim Fretheim, Thorstein Thorstein Fretheim Norwegian University of Science and Technology 2 A01 Nana Aba Appiah Amfo Amfo, Nana Aba Appiah Nana Aba Appiah Amfo University of Ghana 01 This paper starts out arguing that Gundel et al.’s claim that whatever a demonstrative can do, a definite article can do equally well is in need of revision. Then, against the tenor of Gundel et al.’s Givenness Hierarchy model, we postulate a univocal lexical meaning for determiners and corresponding pronouns in Norwegian, but we also show that what appears to be a conflation of definite article and distal demonstrative determiner in certain syntactic environments in Norwegian is two distinct linguistic phenomena in spoken Norwegian, and finally we argue that segmentally identical determiners and pronouns in the Niger-Congo language Akan are semantically distinct lexemes. 10 01 JB code slcs.99.19ind 365 369 5 Miscellaneous 19 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Index</TitleText> 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20080709 2008 John Benjamins 02 WORLD 01 245 mm 02 164 mm 08 835 gr 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 01 WORLD US CA MX 21 23 16 01 02 JB 1 00 110.00 EUR R 02 02 JB 1 00 116.60 EUR R 01 JB 10 bebc +44 1202 712 934 +44 1202 712 913 sales@bebc.co.uk 03 GB 21 16 02 02 JB 1 00 92.00 GBP Z 01 JB 2 John Benjamins North America +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 01 US CA MX 21 16 01 gen 02 JB 1 00 165.00 USD