826027475 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code VEAW G68 Eb 15 9789027252876 06 10.1075/veaw.g68 13 2023001680 DG 002 02 01 VEAW 02 0172-7362 Varieties of English Around the World G68 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">New Englishes, New Methods</TitleText> 01 veaw.g68 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/veaw.g68 1 B01 Guyanne Wilson Wilson, Guyanne Guyanne Wilson University College London 2 B01 Michael Westphal Westphal, Michael Michael Westphal Kiel University 01 eng 284 viii 276 LAN009000 v.2006 CFK 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.ENG English linguistics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.GERM Germanic linguistics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 06 01 There is an ever-growing body of work on New Englishes, and the time has come to take stock of how research on varieties of English is carried out. The contributions in this volume critically explore the gamut of familiar and unfamiliar methods applied in data collection and analysis in order to improve upon old methods and develop new methods for the study of English around the world. The authors present novel approaches to the use of the International Corpus of English, critical insights into phonological analyses of New Englishes, applications of linguistic dialectology in territories in which New Englishes are used, improvements on attitudinal research, and an array of mixed-methods approaches. The contributions in this volume also include a range of Englishes, considered not only in situ but also in online and diaspora settings, and thus question received understandings of what counts as New Englishes. 05 New Englishes, new methods, new people: Early-career scholars define the challenges for research on World Englishes in the 21st century. This is a volume of original contributions that make stimulating<br />reading. Christian Mair, University of Freiburg 05 <i>New Englishes, New Methods</i> marks a coming of age of the study of global English varieties. The collection applies an exciting range of state-of-the-art techniques—perceptual dialectology, conversation and discourse analysis, acoustic analysis, ethnography—to global contexts, and showcases the exceptional potential of New Englishes for advancing novel methods in linguistics. Devyani Sharma, Queen Mary University of London 05 The volume is highly recommended to anyone suffering from a bout of research fatigue and looking for an inspiring antidote. Claudia Lange, TU Dresden, in English World-Wide 45:1 (2024). 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/veaw.g68.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027213686.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027213686.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/veaw.g68.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/veaw.g68.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/veaw.g68.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/veaw.g68.hb.png 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.ack vii viii 2 Miscellaneous 1 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Acknowledgements</TitleText> 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.01wil 1 14 14 Chapter 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">New Englishes new methods</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">An introduction</Subtitle> 1 A01 Guyanne Wilson Wilson, Guyanne Guyanne Wilson University College London 2 A01 Michael Westphal Westphal, Michael Michael Westphal University College London 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.p1 Section header 3 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part I. Corpora</TitleText> 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.02boh 16 41 26 Chapter 4 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Verbal past inflection in Nigerian English</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A case for sociolinguistic compound vision</Subtitle> 1 A01 Axel Bohmann Bohmann, Axel Axel Bohmann University of Freiburg 2 A01 Adesoji Babalola Babalola, Adesoji Adesoji Babalola Obafemi Awolowo University 20 International Corpus of English 20 mixed-effects regression 20 morphology 20 Nigerian English 20 past inflection 20 sociolinguistics 01 We analyze variation in Nigerian English verbal past inflection on the basis of 2,989 verbs with past-time reference. Observations were extracted from the spontaneous conversations category of the International Corpus of English Nigeria and from two sets of sociolinguistic interviews. In contrast to the previous literature, our analysis shows rich systematicity in the constraints governing verbal past inflection, but also significant differences between the data sets. The latter concern both the overall frequency of past inflection and the number and strength of linguistic conditioning variables. At the level of method, we argue for ‘sociolinguistic compound vision,’ i.e. an active effort to include diverse data sets in order to avoid homogenizing accounts of New Englishes. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.03sha 42 64 23 Chapter 5 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Functions of code-switching in online registers of Pakistani English</TitleText> 1 A01 Muhammad Shakir Shakir, Muhammad Muhammad Shakir University of Münster 20 code-switching 20 computer-mediated communication 20 corpus linguistics 20 New Englishes 20 online registers 20 Pakistani English 01 This chapter analyzes online registers of Pakistani English to identify (socio)linguistic functions for code-switching to indigenous languages. Predominantly English texts containing code-switching instances to Urdu and other Pakistani languages were selected. A corpus of about 1.2 million words was used in this study. 1811 instances of code-switching were identified and divided into seven functions of code-switching: addressee specification, emphatic, free, lexical, message qualification, quotation, and tags. The findings show that tags or discourse level items (discourse particles, idiomatic expressions, religious expressions, honorifics) are the most common functions of code-switching. The use of multilingual resources exhibits how language in Pakistan is appropriated by online writers to convey local identities and fulfil specific communicative needs. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.04neu 65 83 19 Chapter 6 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">New Englishes and Conversation Analysis</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Turn-taking as a factor in explaining syntactic variation</Subtitle> 1 A01 Theresa Neumaier Neumaier, Theresa Theresa Neumaier TU Dortmund University 20 Asian Corpus of English 20 Caribbean Englishes 20 Conversation Analysis 20 interaction 20 International Corpus of English 20 New Englishes 20 Southeast Asian Englishes 20 syntax 20 topicalization 20 turn-holding 20 turn-taking 01 This study assesses the potential of using conversation analytic methodology to investigate syntactic variation in New Englishes. It analyses transcripts and audio files of face-to-face interactions between speakers of Caribbean and Southeast Asian Englishes and illustrates how syntax provides essential clues allowing interactants to project upcoming places of speaker change. Current speakers might adapt their turns underway to avoid transition to a next speaker, but speaker groups differ when it comes to which syntactic constructions they prefer in this context. As these interactional preferences seem to correlate with linguistic preferences (such as a high frequency of topicalization), the present study suggests that they constitute a case of emergent grammar, and hence should be considered a factor in investigating syntactic variation. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.05wes 84 106 23 Chapter 7 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Creole and power</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A Critical Discourse Analysis of legal cross‑examinations in ICE Jamaica and ICE Trinidad and Tobago</Subtitle> 1 A01 Michael Westphal Westphal, Michael Michael Westphal University of Münster 2 A01 Guyanne Wilson Wilson, Guyanne Guyanne Wilson University College London 20 Creole 20 Critical Discourse Analysis 20 International Corpus of English 20 Jamaica 20 language and law 20 language and power 20 legal cross-examinations 20 New Englishes 20 Trinidad 01 The paper presents a Critical Discourse Analysis of Jamaican and Trinidadian legal-cross examinations, using data from the International Corpus of English. Although English is the dominant language of the courtroom, the analysis shows that Creole is used by both attorneys and witnesses. In contrast to previous associations of Creole with powerlessness and Standard English with power, attorneys make use of both varieties to exert their authority in the courtroom. Hence, the value of specific linguistic resources and who can use them for which purpose depends on the speakers’ social and institutional positionality. On a methodological level, the paper demonstrates that the International Corpus of English provides valuable data for critical qualitative analyses of language variation in New Englishes. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.p2 Section header 8 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part II. Phonetics and phonology</TitleText> 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.06oye 108 131 24 Chapter 9 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Question intonation patterns in Nigerian English</TitleText> 1 A01 Folajimi Oyebola Oyebola, Folajimi Folajimi Oyebola University of Bremen 2 A01 Warsa Melles Melles, Warsa Warsa Melles TU Dortmund University 20 intonation patterns 20 New Englishes 20 Nigerian English 20 question forms 20 tones and break indices 01 This study investigates the intonation patterns in wh-questions and yes/no-questions used by educated Nigerian speakers of English. It examines the possible influence of gender, ethnicity, and question type on the prosodic marking of questions. Audio recordings taken from the Nigerian component of the International Corpus of English were annotated in Praat using the tones and breaks indices transcription convention. The results show that there are similar intonation patterns among Nigerian speakers. Both wh-questions and yes/no-questions tend to start with a level tone; while wh-questions end mostly with a falling tone, yes/no-questions end either with a falling or a rising tone. The results demonstrate that whereas gender has no significant effect, both ethnicity and question type significantly influence intonation patterns. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.07fuc 132 155 24 Chapter 10 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Analysing the speech rhythm of New Englishes</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A guide to researchers and a case study on Pakistani, Philippine, Nigerian, and British English</Subtitle> 1 A01 Robert Fuchs Fuchs, Robert Robert Fuchs University of Hamburg 20 British English 20 Nigerian English 20 Pakistani English 20 Philippine English 20 phonetics 20 prosody 20 Speech rhythm 01 Most New Englishes are classified as syllable-timed and many L1 varieties of English as stress-timed. However, much empirical work on varieties of English and other languages has shown that a categorical distinction between discrete rhythm classes is not commensurate with the empirical evidence. Moreover, the comparability of published research is hampered by a lack of methodological standardization. This chapter provides a step-by-step guide for researchers and charts new avenues for future enquiries, illustrated with a case study comparing Pakistani, Nigerian, Philippine, and British English. Results indicate that the first three can be described as more syllable-timed than British English, but also that a binary classification of syllable- vs. stress-timed does not fully do justice to the results. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.p3 Section header 11 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part III. Language attitudes</TitleText> 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.08ugw 158 177 20 Chapter 12 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Acceptability Judgement Tasks in New Englishes research</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Focus on acrolectal Nigerian English</Subtitle> 1 A01 Kingsley Oluchi Ugwuanyi Ugwuanyi, Kingsley Oluchi Kingsley Oluchi Ugwuanyi University of Nigeria 20 acceptability 20 Acceptability Judgement Tasks 20 language attitudes 20 New Englishes 20 Nigerian English 01 Acceptability Judgement Tasks have been utilized in many areas of linguistics for a long time, and they are particularly useful in New Englishes contexts in measuring which local forms of English are acceptable to users. In light of this, this chapter examines the acceptability of Nigerian English (NigE) features using Acceptability Judgement Tasks. This study’s overarching goal is to show how NigE speakers’ acceptability ratings of and acceptability discourse about features of NigE index their orientations towards this variety and its characteristic features. The discussion of this analysis shows that it is beneficial to analyze the data emerging from Acceptability Judgement Tasks in both quantitative and qualitative ways. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.09reg 178 200 23 Chapter 13 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Mixed methods in the mapping of accent perceptions in Indian varieties of English</TitleText> 1 A01 Giuliana Regnoli Regnoli, Giuliana Giuliana Regnoli University of Regensburg 20 Indian Englishes 20 language attitudes 20 mixed methods 20 New Englishes 20 perceptual dialectology 01 This paper discusses the benefits of a mixed-methods approach designed for the investigation of language attitudes towards accent variation in Indian English. The study was carried out in a transient community of Indian university students in Heidelberg, Germany in 2018. Methods from language attitude research were combined with those from perceptual dialectology with the aim of eliciting both overt and covert attitudes. The paper critically assesses the current methods used in language attitude research in New Englishes, which often neglect the mapping of perceptual landscapes and mostly rely on Verbal Guise Tests and direct questions. The results show that a mixed-methods approach helps to depict the perceptual heterogeneity of language users in New Englishes contexts. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.10sch 201 220 20 Chapter 14 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Mapping perceptions in New Englishes</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A case study from St Kitts</Subtitle> 1 A01 Mirjam Schmalz Schmalz, Mirjam Mirjam Schmalz University of Zürich 20 ArcGIS 20 Caribbean 20 draw-a-map task 20 language attitudes 20 mapping 20 New Englishes 20 perceptual dialectology 20 St Kitts 20 World Englishes 01 This chapter presents a case study illustrating the validity of employing a mixed-methods approach based on a draw-a-map task and semi-structured sociolinguistic interviews in language attitude research of a New Englishes context. This is illustrated by the analysis of two data sets. First, 49 participants drew perceptual maps of St Kitts and Nevis. The analysis of these maps shows that the participants exhibit complex perceptual landscapes, including areas with varying degrees of fine-grained subdivisions. In addition, interview data from sociolinguistic interviews allows for triangulation of the data and furthermore provides additional information. Thus, this chapter shows how a mixed-methods approach, including map-drawing tasks, can enrich the toolbox of research in New Englishes. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.p4 Section header 15 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part IV. Ethnography</TitleText> 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.11neu 222 242 21 Chapter 16 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Understanding, collecting, and presenting data in New Englishes research</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Insights from ethnographic fieldwork in an Old Order Mennonite community</Subtitle> 1 A01 Miriam Neuhausen Neuhausen, Miriam Miriam Neuhausen University of Freiburg 20 data presentation 20 ethnographic fieldwork 20 language contact 20 New Englishes communities 20 Old Order Mennonites 20 Pennsylvania German 20 Pennsylvania German English 20 researcher positionality 20 the sociolinguistic interview 01 Against the background of my fieldwork in an isolated Old Order Mennonite community averse to secular norms and values, I suggest ethnographic fieldwork is key to understanding, collecting, and presenting New Englishes data. Before entering the field, researchers must begin to question principles that work in Western urban societies but may play out differently in lesser-studied communities. An understanding of the sociolinguistic realities in the community under investigation paves the way for the discovery of new social variables, access to speakers, and the accomplishment of meaningful research. I illustrate these benefits mainly in reference to the Labovian sociolinguistic interview. Finally, the paper argues that researchers need to ensure that their representation of the community is in line with the community’s interests. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.12hey 243 262 20 Chapter 17 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Complicating the field</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">World Englishes and digital ethnography</Subtitle> 1 A01 Theresa Heyd Heyd, Theresa Theresa Heyd University of Greifswald 20 computer-mediated communication 20 digital ethnography 20 fieldwork 20 research ethics 01 In this contribution, I explore the growing role of digital communication for the study of World Englishes and specifically the potential of digital ethnography as a methodological framework. I outline basic principles and traditions of digital ethnography and point out continuities between the importance of traditional, on-the-ground fieldwork for World Englishes, and consequences of more complex and fuzzy notions of the digital field. I give a closer examination of applications of digital ethnography by pointing to three case studies in different global settings. Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion of the research ethics gap in digital ethnography and initial suggestions for ethical grounding of digital ethnography approaches in World Englishes. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.13wil 263 274 12 Chapter 18 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Conclusion</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">New Englishes, new methods, new directions</Subtitle> 1 A01 Guyanne Wilson Wilson, Guyanne Guyanne Wilson University College London 2 A01 Michael Westphal Westphal, Michael Michael Westphal University of Münster 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.index 275 276 2 Miscellaneous 19 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Index</TitleText> 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20230414 2023 John Benjamins B.V. 02 WORLD 13 15 9789027213686 01 JB 3 John Benjamins e-Platform 03 jbe-platform.com 09 WORLD 21 01 00 99.00 EUR R 01 00 83.00 GBP Z 01 gen 00 149.00 USD S 15027474 03 01 01 JB John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 JB code VEAW G68 Hb 15 9789027213686 13 2023001679 BB 01 VEAW 02 0172-7362 Varieties of English Around the World G68 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">New Englishes, New Methods</TitleText> 01 veaw.g68 01 https://benjamins.com 02 https://benjamins.com/catalog/veaw.g68 1 B01 Guyanne Wilson Wilson, Guyanne Guyanne Wilson University College London 2 B01 Michael Westphal Westphal, Michael Michael Westphal Kiel University 01 eng 284 viii 276 LAN009000 v.2006 CFK 2 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.ENG English linguistics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.GERM Germanic linguistics 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.SOCIO Sociolinguistics and Dialectology 24 JB Subject Scheme LIN.THEOR Theoretical linguistics 06 01 There is an ever-growing body of work on New Englishes, and the time has come to take stock of how research on varieties of English is carried out. The contributions in this volume critically explore the gamut of familiar and unfamiliar methods applied in data collection and analysis in order to improve upon old methods and develop new methods for the study of English around the world. The authors present novel approaches to the use of the International Corpus of English, critical insights into phonological analyses of New Englishes, applications of linguistic dialectology in territories in which New Englishes are used, improvements on attitudinal research, and an array of mixed-methods approaches. The contributions in this volume also include a range of Englishes, considered not only in situ but also in online and diaspora settings, and thus question received understandings of what counts as New Englishes. 05 New Englishes, new methods, new people: Early-career scholars define the challenges for research on World Englishes in the 21st century. This is a volume of original contributions that make stimulating<br />reading. Christian Mair, University of Freiburg 05 <i>New Englishes, New Methods</i> marks a coming of age of the study of global English varieties. The collection applies an exciting range of state-of-the-art techniques—perceptual dialectology, conversation and discourse analysis, acoustic analysis, ethnography—to global contexts, and showcases the exceptional potential of New Englishes for advancing novel methods in linguistics. Devyani Sharma, Queen Mary University of London 05 The volume is highly recommended to anyone suffering from a bout of research fatigue and looking for an inspiring antidote. Claudia Lange, TU Dresden, in English World-Wide 45:1 (2024). 04 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475/veaw.g68.png 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_jpg/9789027213686.jpg 04 03 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/475_tif/9789027213686.tif 06 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_front/veaw.g68.hb.png 07 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/125/veaw.g68.png 25 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/1200_back/veaw.g68.hb.png 27 09 01 https://benjamins.com/covers/3d_web/veaw.g68.hb.png 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.ack vii viii 2 Miscellaneous 1 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Acknowledgements</TitleText> 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.01wil 1 14 14 Chapter 2 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">New Englishes new methods</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">An introduction</Subtitle> 1 A01 Guyanne Wilson Wilson, Guyanne Guyanne Wilson University College London 2 A01 Michael Westphal Westphal, Michael Michael Westphal University College London 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.p1 Section header 3 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part I. Corpora</TitleText> 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.02boh 16 41 26 Chapter 4 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Verbal past inflection in Nigerian English</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A case for sociolinguistic compound vision</Subtitle> 1 A01 Axel Bohmann Bohmann, Axel Axel Bohmann University of Freiburg 2 A01 Adesoji Babalola Babalola, Adesoji Adesoji Babalola Obafemi Awolowo University 20 International Corpus of English 20 mixed-effects regression 20 morphology 20 Nigerian English 20 past inflection 20 sociolinguistics 01 We analyze variation in Nigerian English verbal past inflection on the basis of 2,989 verbs with past-time reference. Observations were extracted from the spontaneous conversations category of the International Corpus of English Nigeria and from two sets of sociolinguistic interviews. In contrast to the previous literature, our analysis shows rich systematicity in the constraints governing verbal past inflection, but also significant differences between the data sets. The latter concern both the overall frequency of past inflection and the number and strength of linguistic conditioning variables. At the level of method, we argue for ‘sociolinguistic compound vision,’ i.e. an active effort to include diverse data sets in order to avoid homogenizing accounts of New Englishes. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.03sha 42 64 23 Chapter 5 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Functions of code-switching in online registers of Pakistani English</TitleText> 1 A01 Muhammad Shakir Shakir, Muhammad Muhammad Shakir University of Münster 20 code-switching 20 computer-mediated communication 20 corpus linguistics 20 New Englishes 20 online registers 20 Pakistani English 01 This chapter analyzes online registers of Pakistani English to identify (socio)linguistic functions for code-switching to indigenous languages. Predominantly English texts containing code-switching instances to Urdu and other Pakistani languages were selected. A corpus of about 1.2 million words was used in this study. 1811 instances of code-switching were identified and divided into seven functions of code-switching: addressee specification, emphatic, free, lexical, message qualification, quotation, and tags. The findings show that tags or discourse level items (discourse particles, idiomatic expressions, religious expressions, honorifics) are the most common functions of code-switching. The use of multilingual resources exhibits how language in Pakistan is appropriated by online writers to convey local identities and fulfil specific communicative needs. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.04neu 65 83 19 Chapter 6 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">New Englishes and Conversation Analysis</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Turn-taking as a factor in explaining syntactic variation</Subtitle> 1 A01 Theresa Neumaier Neumaier, Theresa Theresa Neumaier TU Dortmund University 20 Asian Corpus of English 20 Caribbean Englishes 20 Conversation Analysis 20 interaction 20 International Corpus of English 20 New Englishes 20 Southeast Asian Englishes 20 syntax 20 topicalization 20 turn-holding 20 turn-taking 01 This study assesses the potential of using conversation analytic methodology to investigate syntactic variation in New Englishes. It analyses transcripts and audio files of face-to-face interactions between speakers of Caribbean and Southeast Asian Englishes and illustrates how syntax provides essential clues allowing interactants to project upcoming places of speaker change. Current speakers might adapt their turns underway to avoid transition to a next speaker, but speaker groups differ when it comes to which syntactic constructions they prefer in this context. As these interactional preferences seem to correlate with linguistic preferences (such as a high frequency of topicalization), the present study suggests that they constitute a case of emergent grammar, and hence should be considered a factor in investigating syntactic variation. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.05wes 84 106 23 Chapter 7 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Creole and power</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A Critical Discourse Analysis of legal cross‑examinations in ICE Jamaica and ICE Trinidad and Tobago</Subtitle> 1 A01 Michael Westphal Westphal, Michael Michael Westphal University of Münster 2 A01 Guyanne Wilson Wilson, Guyanne Guyanne Wilson University College London 20 Creole 20 Critical Discourse Analysis 20 International Corpus of English 20 Jamaica 20 language and law 20 language and power 20 legal cross-examinations 20 New Englishes 20 Trinidad 01 The paper presents a Critical Discourse Analysis of Jamaican and Trinidadian legal-cross examinations, using data from the International Corpus of English. Although English is the dominant language of the courtroom, the analysis shows that Creole is used by both attorneys and witnesses. In contrast to previous associations of Creole with powerlessness and Standard English with power, attorneys make use of both varieties to exert their authority in the courtroom. Hence, the value of specific linguistic resources and who can use them for which purpose depends on the speakers’ social and institutional positionality. On a methodological level, the paper demonstrates that the International Corpus of English provides valuable data for critical qualitative analyses of language variation in New Englishes. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.p2 Section header 8 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part II. Phonetics and phonology</TitleText> 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.06oye 108 131 24 Chapter 9 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Question intonation patterns in Nigerian English</TitleText> 1 A01 Folajimi Oyebola Oyebola, Folajimi Folajimi Oyebola University of Bremen 2 A01 Warsa Melles Melles, Warsa Warsa Melles TU Dortmund University 20 intonation patterns 20 New Englishes 20 Nigerian English 20 question forms 20 tones and break indices 01 This study investigates the intonation patterns in wh-questions and yes/no-questions used by educated Nigerian speakers of English. It examines the possible influence of gender, ethnicity, and question type on the prosodic marking of questions. Audio recordings taken from the Nigerian component of the International Corpus of English were annotated in Praat using the tones and breaks indices transcription convention. The results show that there are similar intonation patterns among Nigerian speakers. Both wh-questions and yes/no-questions tend to start with a level tone; while wh-questions end mostly with a falling tone, yes/no-questions end either with a falling or a rising tone. The results demonstrate that whereas gender has no significant effect, both ethnicity and question type significantly influence intonation patterns. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.07fuc 132 155 24 Chapter 10 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Analysing the speech rhythm of New Englishes</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A guide to researchers and a case study on Pakistani, Philippine, Nigerian, and British English</Subtitle> 1 A01 Robert Fuchs Fuchs, Robert Robert Fuchs University of Hamburg 20 British English 20 Nigerian English 20 Pakistani English 20 Philippine English 20 phonetics 20 prosody 20 Speech rhythm 01 Most New Englishes are classified as syllable-timed and many L1 varieties of English as stress-timed. However, much empirical work on varieties of English and other languages has shown that a categorical distinction between discrete rhythm classes is not commensurate with the empirical evidence. Moreover, the comparability of published research is hampered by a lack of methodological standardization. This chapter provides a step-by-step guide for researchers and charts new avenues for future enquiries, illustrated with a case study comparing Pakistani, Nigerian, Philippine, and British English. Results indicate that the first three can be described as more syllable-timed than British English, but also that a binary classification of syllable- vs. stress-timed does not fully do justice to the results. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.p3 Section header 11 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part III. Language attitudes</TitleText> 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.08ugw 158 177 20 Chapter 12 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Acceptability Judgement Tasks in New Englishes research</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Focus on acrolectal Nigerian English</Subtitle> 1 A01 Kingsley Oluchi Ugwuanyi Ugwuanyi, Kingsley Oluchi Kingsley Oluchi Ugwuanyi University of Nigeria 20 acceptability 20 Acceptability Judgement Tasks 20 language attitudes 20 New Englishes 20 Nigerian English 01 Acceptability Judgement Tasks have been utilized in many areas of linguistics for a long time, and they are particularly useful in New Englishes contexts in measuring which local forms of English are acceptable to users. In light of this, this chapter examines the acceptability of Nigerian English (NigE) features using Acceptability Judgement Tasks. This study’s overarching goal is to show how NigE speakers’ acceptability ratings of and acceptability discourse about features of NigE index their orientations towards this variety and its characteristic features. The discussion of this analysis shows that it is beneficial to analyze the data emerging from Acceptability Judgement Tasks in both quantitative and qualitative ways. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.09reg 178 200 23 Chapter 13 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Mixed methods in the mapping of accent perceptions in Indian varieties of English</TitleText> 1 A01 Giuliana Regnoli Regnoli, Giuliana Giuliana Regnoli University of Regensburg 20 Indian Englishes 20 language attitudes 20 mixed methods 20 New Englishes 20 perceptual dialectology 01 This paper discusses the benefits of a mixed-methods approach designed for the investigation of language attitudes towards accent variation in Indian English. The study was carried out in a transient community of Indian university students in Heidelberg, Germany in 2018. Methods from language attitude research were combined with those from perceptual dialectology with the aim of eliciting both overt and covert attitudes. The paper critically assesses the current methods used in language attitude research in New Englishes, which often neglect the mapping of perceptual landscapes and mostly rely on Verbal Guise Tests and direct questions. The results show that a mixed-methods approach helps to depict the perceptual heterogeneity of language users in New Englishes contexts. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.10sch 201 220 20 Chapter 14 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Mapping perceptions in New Englishes</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">A case study from St Kitts</Subtitle> 1 A01 Mirjam Schmalz Schmalz, Mirjam Mirjam Schmalz University of Zürich 20 ArcGIS 20 Caribbean 20 draw-a-map task 20 language attitudes 20 mapping 20 New Englishes 20 perceptual dialectology 20 St Kitts 20 World Englishes 01 This chapter presents a case study illustrating the validity of employing a mixed-methods approach based on a draw-a-map task and semi-structured sociolinguistic interviews in language attitude research of a New Englishes context. This is illustrated by the analysis of two data sets. First, 49 participants drew perceptual maps of St Kitts and Nevis. The analysis of these maps shows that the participants exhibit complex perceptual landscapes, including areas with varying degrees of fine-grained subdivisions. In addition, interview data from sociolinguistic interviews allows for triangulation of the data and furthermore provides additional information. Thus, this chapter shows how a mixed-methods approach, including map-drawing tasks, can enrich the toolbox of research in New Englishes. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.p4 Section header 15 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Part IV. Ethnography</TitleText> 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.11neu 222 242 21 Chapter 16 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Understanding, collecting, and presenting data in New Englishes research</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">Insights from ethnographic fieldwork in an Old Order Mennonite community</Subtitle> 1 A01 Miriam Neuhausen Neuhausen, Miriam Miriam Neuhausen University of Freiburg 20 data presentation 20 ethnographic fieldwork 20 language contact 20 New Englishes communities 20 Old Order Mennonites 20 Pennsylvania German 20 Pennsylvania German English 20 researcher positionality 20 the sociolinguistic interview 01 Against the background of my fieldwork in an isolated Old Order Mennonite community averse to secular norms and values, I suggest ethnographic fieldwork is key to understanding, collecting, and presenting New Englishes data. Before entering the field, researchers must begin to question principles that work in Western urban societies but may play out differently in lesser-studied communities. An understanding of the sociolinguistic realities in the community under investigation paves the way for the discovery of new social variables, access to speakers, and the accomplishment of meaningful research. I illustrate these benefits mainly in reference to the Labovian sociolinguistic interview. Finally, the paper argues that researchers need to ensure that their representation of the community is in line with the community’s interests. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.12hey 243 262 20 Chapter 17 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Complicating the field</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">World Englishes and digital ethnography</Subtitle> 1 A01 Theresa Heyd Heyd, Theresa Theresa Heyd University of Greifswald 20 computer-mediated communication 20 digital ethnography 20 fieldwork 20 research ethics 01 In this contribution, I explore the growing role of digital communication for the study of World Englishes and specifically the potential of digital ethnography as a methodological framework. I outline basic principles and traditions of digital ethnography and point out continuities between the importance of traditional, on-the-ground fieldwork for World Englishes, and consequences of more complex and fuzzy notions of the digital field. I give a closer examination of applications of digital ethnography by pointing to three case studies in different global settings. Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion of the research ethics gap in digital ethnography and initial suggestions for ethical grounding of digital ethnography approaches in World Englishes. 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.13wil 263 274 12 Chapter 18 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Conclusion</TitleText> <Subtitle textformat="02">New Englishes, new methods, new directions</Subtitle> 1 A01 Guyanne Wilson Wilson, Guyanne Guyanne Wilson University College London 2 A01 Michael Westphal Westphal, Michael Michael Westphal University of Münster 10 01 JB code veaw.g68.index 275 276 2 Miscellaneous 19 <TitleType>01</TitleType> <TitleText textformat="02">Index</TitleText> 02 JBENJAMINS John Benjamins Publishing Company 01 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia NL 04 20230414 2023 John Benjamins B.V. 02 WORLD 08 645 gr 01 JB 1 John Benjamins Publishing Company +31 20 6304747 +31 20 6739773 bookorder@benjamins.nl 01 https://benjamins.com 01 WORLD US CA MX 21 46 01 02 JB 1 00 99.00 EUR R 02 02 JB 1 00 104.94 EUR R 01 JB 10 bebc +44 1202 712 934 +44 1202 712 913 sales@bebc.co.uk 03 GB 21 02 02 JB 1 00 83.00 GBP Z 01 JB 2 John Benjamins North America +1 800 562-5666 +1 703 661-1501 benjamins@presswarehouse.com 01 https://benjamins.com 01 US CA MX 21 2 01 gen 02 JB 1 00 149.00 USD