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John Benjamins Publishing Company
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201608250406
ONIX title feed
eng
01
EUR
522015264
03
01
01
JB
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
JB code
Z 186 Eb
15
9789027269836
06
10.1075/z.186
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2014014850
DG
002
02
01
Interacting with Objects
Language, materiality, and social activity
01
z.186
01
https://benjamins.com
02
https://benjamins.com/catalog/z.186
1
B01
Maurice Nevile
Nevile, Maurice
Maurice
Nevile
University of Southern Denmark
2
B01
Pentti Haddington
Haddington, Pentti
Pentti
Haddington
University of Oulu
3
B01
Trine Heinemann
Heinemann, Trine
Trine
Heinemann
University of Southern Denmark
4
B01
Mirka Rauniomaa
Rauniomaa, Mirka
Mirka
Rauniomaa
University of Oulu
01
eng
401
vii
393
PSY031000
v.2006
JMJ
2
24
JB Subject Scheme
COMM.CGEN
Communication Studies
24
JB Subject Scheme
IS.GIS
Interaction Studies
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.COGN
Cognition and language
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.DISC
Discourse studies
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.PRAG
Pragmatics
24
JB Subject Scheme
PSY.INDROC
Industrial & organizational studies
06
01
Objects are essential for how, together, people create and experience social life and relate to the physical environment around them. <i>Interacting with Objects: Language, materiality, and social activity</i> presents studies which use video recordings of real-life settings to explore how objects feature in social interaction and activity. The studies consider many objects (e.g. paper documents, food, a camera, art, furniture, and even the human body), across various situations, such as shopping, visiting the doctor, interviews and meetings, surgery, and instruction in dance, craft, or cooking. Analyses reveal in precise detail how, as people interact, objects are seen, touched and handled, heard, created, transformed, planned, imagined, shared, discussed, or appreciated. With the companion collection <i>Multiactivity in Social Interaction: Beyond multitasking</i>, the book advances understanding of the complex organisation and accomplishment of social interaction, especially the significance of embodiment, materiality, participation and temporality. By focussing on objects in and for actual occasions of human action, <i>Interacting with Objects: Language, materiality, and social activity</i> will interest many researchers and practitioners in language and social interaction, communication and discourse, design, and also more widely within anthropology, sociology, psychology, and related disciplines.
05
[T]his book, examining specifically and in detail how objects feature in social actions, provides a substantial first step toward describing ‘the interactional ecology of objects’ (p. 17). As objects are an integral part of our everyday actions, the analysis and findings here will interest and impact research in various fields, especially discourse analysis and social action analysis.
Zeng Xiaorong, Jiangxi Agricultural University, P.R. China, in Discourse Studies, Vol. 18:2 (2016), pp. 226-228.
05
<i>Interacting with Objects</i> is a unique collection of empirical studies. It takes seriously that there is no such thing as an object simpliciter; there are only objects in, for and of activities. Through detailed analyses of video recordings of diverse interactions in which various objects are perceived and manipulated, the contributors beautifully demonstrate that features of an object are intrinsically lodged in the spatial and temporal unfolding of each distinct activity. Objects shape, and are shaped by, ongoing action. This is an insightful and important book, and provides the foundation for all future studies on the subject.
Aug Nishizaka, Chiba University
05
Objects are critical to the ways in which we produce and make sense of conduct. And yet, we can still paraphrase Bruno Latour over twenty years on to ask this question of most accounts of society: "where are the missing masses of objects?" This collection powerfully responds. It contains insightful and sophisticated analyses of how we use objects as interactional resources and, in so doing, how we constitute the sense and significance of those very same objects. As a result, it is a delight for everyone interested in the 'stuff' of social life.
Jon Hindmarsh, King's College London
05
Austin taught us that speaking is doing things with words. Nevile et al. now show us that talk does not occur in a material vacuum, but crucially involves using things for communicative purposes. With the methodological rigor of video-based multimodal interaction analysis, the authors illuminate how objects figure in structuring communicative encounters, how their use enhances participants’ opportunities for action and how objects are collaboratively produced. The rich universe of the fine grained coordination of verbal interaction, bodily conduct and manipulation of objects in social practice is deployed before the readers’ eyes in fascinating detail. This book will be indispensable for everybody who is interested in a comprehensive understanding of embodied communicative conduct in real world situations.
Arnulf Deppermann, Institute for the German Language, Mannheim
05
This book shows how the formulation of the concept of ‘objects’ provides an approach to studies which use an ethnomethodological and conversation analytic perspective: ‘objects’ are considered as ‘situated resources’ and as ‘practical accomplishments’. Empirical studies using data from video taped recordings of naturally occurring interaction are analyzed in detail to show how social interaction and ordinary actions can achieve this feat, for participants.
George Psathas, Boston University
05
From the sound made by the hoover to the knitting produced by needles, this exciting collection analyses how objects feature in everyday, educational and technical activities. While we might assume the qualities of an object to be constant and consistent, we learn from this book how these qualities are re-shaped from moment-to-moment. It brings the lived, intended and accomplished qualities of objects into the heart of current work in conversation analysis and ethnomethodology. At the same time it brings conversation analysis and ethnomethodology into the heart of research on objects and materiality.
Eric Laurier, University of Edinburgh
04
09
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vii
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Miscellaneous
1
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Acknowledgements
10
01
JB code
z.186.s1
Section header
2
01
Introduction
10
01
JB code
z.186.01int
3
26
24
Article
3
01
On the interactional ecology of objects
1
A01
Maurice Nevile
Nevile, Maurice
Maurice
Nevile
University of Southern Denmark
2
A01
Pentti Haddington
Haddington, Pentti
Pentti
Haddington
University of Oulu
3
A01
Trine Heinemann
Heinemann, Trine
Trine
Heinemann
University of Southern Denmark
4
A01
Mirka Rauniomaa
Rauniomaa, Mirka
Mirka
Rauniomaa
University of Oulu
01
The empirical studies of this book examine how objects feature in the momentto-moment conduct of social interaction and activity. The studies draw on naturally occurring data, video recordings of people interacting with one another as they engage with objects for a wide range of purposes, across many real-life settings, situations and occasions. Here in this introductory chapter we define ‘object’, and highlight how objects in the social world have been investigated across scholarly fields. We outline the dominant methodological and analytic influences for this collection, ethnomethodology (EM) and conversation analysis (CA), and emphasise the significance of embodiment and materiality. We describe the broad arrangement of the chapters around two overarching themes, ‘Objects as situated resources’ and ‘Objects as practical accomplishments’. Lastly, looking across the chapters we identify a number of possible alternative points of convergence which emerge when objects in and for social interaction are themselves treated as the principal focus of analysis.
10
01
JB code
z.186.s2
Section header
4
01
Part A. Objects as situated resources
10
01
JB code
s2.1
Section header
5
01
Organising and sequencing
10
01
JB code
z.186.02ric
31
56
26
Article
6
01
The order of ordering
The
order of ordering
Objects, requests and embodied conduct in a public bar
1
A01
Emma Richardson
Richardson, Emma
Emma
Richardson
Loughborough University
2
A01
Elizabeth Stokoe
Stokoe, Elizabeth
Elizabeth
Stokoe
Loughborough University
01
This chapter examines how, in video-recorded public house service encounters between customers and bartenders, different objects emerge and are constituted as essential resources in accomplishing the service encounter at the bar. The objects of interest are the cash till and the tables in the bar, as well as the bar environment itself. Using ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, we show how the bartenders and customers recruit and index these objects at particular junctions in the ordering sequence, and how they work collaboratively with spoken talk to progress the activity of ordering. This chapter aims to expand thinking on how embodied conduct may be analysed in conjunction with talk, and highlights the integral nature of objects to the progression of social life.
10
01
JB code
z.186.03mik
57
78
22
Article
7
01
Initiating activity shifts through use of appraisal forms as material objects during performance appraisal interviews
1
A01
Piia Mikkola
Mikkola, Piia
Piia
Mikkola
University of Vaasa
2
A01
Esa Lehtinen
Lehtinen, Esa
Esa
Lehtinen
University of Vaasa
01
This study shows how participants of performance appraisal interviews use appraisal forms as material objects in initiations of activity shifts. Participants negotiate their willingness to proceed from one interview item to another by gazing at, pointing toward and manipulating the forms. This study contributes to earlier studies of written documents as material objects in interaction, by showing, firstly, how written documents can be used in a step-by-step embodied negotiation; secondly, how orientation to material objects makes it possible for participants to conduct two activities at the same time; and thirdly, how the document’s role as the agenda of an encounter is consequential for the activity. The data of this study consist of six video-recorded appraisal interviews from a Finnish public organisation.
10
01
JB code
z.186.04bec
79
98
20
Article
8
01
“I’ll just see what you had before”
Making computer use relevant while patients present their problems
1
A01
Søren Beck Nielsen
Beck Nielsen, Søren
Søren
Beck Nielsen
University of Copenhagen
01
This chapter focuses on how doctors, during consultations, use computers as objects that serve diagnostic purposes. Specifically, the chapter investigates instances when doctors shift their attention towards their computers while patients present their problems. Such shifts momentarily change the focus of the doctor-patient interaction from patient-centred, in which patients typically describe their problems and/or answer questions from their own perspective, to computer-centred, where doctors seek answers about patients’ histories and general conditions as available in the digital records. I call this activity ‘historytaking side sequences’ because participants treat them as relevant departures from on-going interactional trajectories, which make a range of options such as diagnoses and informed decisions possible. The study sheds light on how computer use has become an integral part of face-to-face doctor-patient communication. More specifically, the study also shows that integrating the computer into the consultation requires doctors’ active efforts, both verbal and embodied, to indicate that the computer is a relevant object and its use is important for the medical business at hand.
10
01
JB code
s2.2
Section header
9
01
Participating and involving
10
01
JB code
z.186.05day
101
124
24
Article
10
01
Objects as tools for talk
1
A01
Dennis Day
Day, Dennis
Dennis
Day
University of Southern Denmark
2
A01
Johannes Wagner
Wagner, Johannes
Johannes
Wagner
University of Southern Denmark
01
This paper deals with the touching, grasping, moving and handling of relatively small physical objects within spates of talk-in-interaction. We are interested in the organisation of such actions and the distribution of the objects amongst interactants in their unfolding activities, specifically in relation to how nteractants, analogously, organise and distribute their turns at talk. Unlike previous work, we attend less to objects as referred-to objects or as components of topic development. Instead, our focus is on objects as transactional in the ways in which they support fundamental infrastructure of interaction, namely that turns at talk and objects are taken or possessed in some sense and this is signalled and collaboratively organised by participants.
10
01
JB code
z.186.06aal
125
144
20
Article
11
01
Photo sharing as a joint activity between an aphasic speaker and others
1
A01
Tarja Aaltonen
Aaltonen, Tarja
Tarja
Aaltonen
University of Tampere
2
A01
Ilkka Arminen
Arminen, Ilkka
Ilkka
Arminen
University of Helsinki
3
A01
Sanna Raudaskoski
Raudaskoski, Sanna
Sanna
Raudaskoski
University of Tampere
01
The chapter concerns the usages of a digital camera and digital photographs as augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) methods in interaction between aphasic and non-challenged speakers. It focuses on the way in which a universal tool (the ‘ubi-tech’ method) can contribute to the fluency of spontaneous everyday interactions. The video-recorded conversation is analysed with conversation analytical methods. We highlight the way in which sharing photographs on the display of a digital camera affects the organisation of social activity through bringing in additional semiotic resources that empower the person with aphasia. The digital camera and photos also assist in manifesting the epistemic status of a knowing participant who otherwise tends to be limited by communicative constraints.
10
01
JB code
z.186.07rau
145
168
24
Article
12
01
Organising the soundscape
Participants’ orientation to impending sound when turning on auditory objects in interaction
1
A01
Mirka Rauniomaa
Rauniomaa, Mirka
Mirka
Rauniomaa
University of Oulu
2
A01
Trine Heinemann
Heinemann, Trine
Trine
Heinemann
University of Southern Denmark
01
This chapter examines two auditory objects, i.e. devices that produce sounds when in use: audio entertainment systems and vacuum cleaners. Despite their apparent differences, both objects raise similar relevancies for how and when they are employed. The chapter demonstrates that participants treat the turning on of an auditory object as negotiable and requiring disengagement from other involvements, such as talk. Consequently, turning on an auditory object occurs typically at points where the participants have brought a previous interactional activity to a close collaboratively and where the possibility of turning on the auditory object has been explicated either verbally or physically
10
01
JB code
z.186.08haz
169
194
26
Article
13
01
Cultivating objects in interaction
Visual motifs as meaning making practices
1
A01
Spencer Hazel
Hazel, Spencer
Spencer
Hazel
Roskilde University
01
This chapter explores patterns of repeated orientations to physical objects in interactants’ visuo-spatial and haptic surround. A number of examples are presented from advice-giving activities in various institutional settings, where participants-in-interaction initially draw on material objects at hand while pursuing a particular line of explanation, and then return to these objects at later intervals. The analysis suggests that the objects are afforded representational properties through their being anchored to some referent in the talk, and that participants subsequently draw on these associations for describing, disambiguating or clarifying aspects of the relatively complex procedural frameworks discussed in the settings. This suggests that the temporal stability of material objects available to participants makes them an ideal resource to be developed as visual motifs.
10
01
JB code
z.186.s3
Section header
14
01
Part B. Objects as practical accomplishments
10
01
JB code
s3.1
Section header
15
01
Shaping and creating
10
01
JB code
z.186.09mon
199
226
28
Article
16
01
Cooking instructions and the shaping of things in the kitchen
1
A01
Lorenza Mondada
Mondada, Lorenza
Lorenza
Mondada
University of Basel
01
This chapter looks into the kitchen as a place where things are transformed into culinary preparations. On the basis of a video-recorded cooking course in which a group of trainees prepared a dinner under the supervision of a chef, I examine how objects are assembled, manipulated and transformed in a visibly embodied way. The chef instructs the trainees on how to prepare some ingredients and they organise their actions to follow these instructions. The analysis deals with the manipulation of ingredients at three key moments within this sequence of cooking instructions: the chef ’s instructions; questions following instructions; and instructed action leading to the final shaping of the ingredients. The first moment shows how objects have features that are taken for granted by experts; the second shows how participants work to identify the relevant aspects of the objects they manipulate; the third reveals the normative way in which objects are expected to be transformed.
10
01
JB code
z.186.10eks
227
248
22
Article
17
01
To follow the materials
The detection, diagnosis and correction of mistakes in craft education
1
A01
Anna Ekström
Ekström, Anna
Anna
Ekström
Linköping University
2
A01
Oskar Lindwall
Lindwall, Oskar
Oskar
Lindwall
University of Gothenburg
01
This chapter investigates the role and function of textile materials in relation to corrective sequences in craft education. The analyses explicate how problems are detected, how problems are diagnosed and how problems are corrected and solved. When students encounter problems related to their making of a textile object, there is a disruption in the progression of the activity. Disruptions in progressivity in the analysed setting are not heard in intervening talk, but seen in the ways the materials have turned out. Correspondingly, actions used to overcome these problems, whether conducted in talk or otherwise, are not done on talk but on actions and materials involved in the making of objects.
10
01
JB code
z.186.11kee
249
268
20
Article
18
01
Having a ball
Immaterial objects in dance instruction
1
A01
Leelo Keevallik
Keevallik, Leelo
Leelo
Keevallik
01
This chapter looks at how immaterial objects are manipulated into being for pedagogical purposes. Dance teachers employ objects to visualise subtle tactile and kinaesthetic experiences. The objects emerge in a situated manner within activity metaphors where alternative bodily activities are juxtaposed with the dance movement, taking for granted that these alternative activities are tacitly known or more basic. The objects have a temporally limited existence within activity metaphors that involve verbal explanations as well as embodied demonstrations of both the dance and the alternative activity. Furthermore, participants are shown to orient differently to mere object-implying gestures as opposed to fully-fledged whole-body enactments. In the latter, objects may be maintained collectively across time.
10
01
JB code
s3.2
Section header
19
01
Experiencing and identifying
10
01
JB code
z.186.12ste
271
294
24
Article
20
01
Establishing joint orientation towards commercial objects in a self-service store
How practices of categorisation matter
1
A01
Elwys De Stefani
De Stefani, Elwys
Elwys
De Stefani
KU Leuven
01
This chapter investigates how persons shopping together initiate orientation towards commercial objects that populate self-service stores. Drawing on the methods developed in conversation analysis, it discusses the actions that shoppers accomplish when introducing a ‘new’ object into their interaction. In the supermarket setting, objects are available resources: as customers navigate through the aisles of the store, they use (commercial) objects as landmarks, as resources allowing them to organise their overall shopping activity, to initiate buying decisions, to engage in topic talk, etc. This study furthermore discusses the multimodal resources that shoppers employ when establishing a joint focus of attention and analyses the categorisation work that they accomplish when orienting towards objects that are on sale.
10
01
JB code
z.186.13kre
295
318
24
Article
21
01
Artworks as touchable objects
Guiding perception in a museum tour for blind people
1
A01
Yaël Kreplak
Kreplak, Yaël
Yaël
Kreplak
ICAR Research Lab, ENS Lyon
2
A01
Chloé Mondémé
Mondémé, Chloé
Chloé
Mondémé
ICAR Research Lab / Centre Jacques Berque (CNRS-MAE)
01
In this chapter we contribute to the description of the interactional accomplishment of object use, by raising the following question “what kind of objects are artworks?”, and consequently, “what kind of interactional practices do they configure?”. By focusing on video-analysis of a guided tour for visually impaired persons (VIPs) allowed to touch artworks, we propose a praxeological analysis of situated procedures of artworks’ formulation and palpation, opening on a reflection on aesthetic touch – both about the way it is reflexively accomplished and the way tactile experience is collectively and sequentially organised in interaction.
10
01
JB code
z.186.14wei
319
338
20
Article
22
01
Incidental and essential objects in interaction
Paper documents in journalistic work
1
A01
Alexandra Weilenmann
Weilenmann, Alexandra
Alexandra
Weilenmann
University of Gothenburg
2
A01
Gustav Lymer
Lymer, Gustav
Gustav
Lymer
Uppsala University
01
A large body of work points to the special status of paper documents in the ecology of objects in the workplace. In this chapter, we revisit this work, focusing on the role of paper in the everyday work of journalists. We examine three quite different empirical examples where paper documents feature in interaction, supporting, in turn, the structuring of conversation, collaboration and inter-organisational interaction. Based on these examples we argue for a distinction between object-focused interactions and object-implicating interactions. In addition, and related to the dual nature of documents being both material objects and carriers of information, we identify an analytic dimension along which interactions with objects can be placed, that from incidental to essential.
10
01
JB code
z.186.15sak
339
356
18
Article
23
01
Envisioning the plan in interaction
Configuring pipes during a plumbers’ meeting
1
A01
Shinichiro Sakai
Sakai, Shinichiro
Shinichiro
Sakai
Seisen University
2
A01
Ron Korenaga
Korenaga, Ron
Ron
Korenaga
Rikkyo University
3
A01
Yoshifumi Mizukawa
Mizukawa, Yoshifumi
Yoshifumi
Mizukawa
Hokusei Gakuen University
4
A01
Motoko Igarashi
Igarashi, Motoko
Motoko
Igarashi
Hokkai-Gakuen University
01
The central focus of this chapter is the methods of practical reasoning that accomplish a mutual understanding of relevant objects during the organisation and operation of a plumbing design. To execute successfully the task of coordinating disparate actions in the work, participants must achieve a shared and collective vision of the particular objects under discussion. We emphasise that for objects to be used as interactional resources, they must first be made recognisable and intelligible as interactional accomplishments, though we also suggest that these two analytical issues are inseparable for members when developing a course of practical activity. Objects in our study include tangible artefacts that have physical materiality as well as not-yet-existing abstractions, the designs.
10
01
JB code
z.186.16kos
357
378
22
Article
24
01
Instructed objects
1
A01
Timothy Koschmann
Koschmann, Timothy
Timothy
Koschmann
Southern Illinois University
2
A01
Alan Zemel
Zemel, Alan
Alan
Zemel
University at Albany, SUNY
01
This chapter develops an ethnomethodologically-informed view regarding the sociality of objects, building upon Garfinkel’s various descriptions of object constitution. We examine a particular case of diagnostic reasoning produced in the course of carrying out a surgical procedure at a teaching hospital. Our interest is in the methods employed by the surgeons in resolving certain incongruities in the case as it presents itself. Through an occasioned process of inquiry, the case at hand comes to be seen in a new light. This revised clinical picture is the oriented object under consideration here and it is produced as a discovered matter. We describe it as an instructed object to emphasise that perception is a kind of action and can too be taught. For us, as for Garfinkel, instruction is a fundamental feature of how social order is created and shared understanding sustained. In the analysed example, the methods by which a new appreciation of the case is achieved are public and inspectable. Instructional settings are, in this way, ‘perspicuous sites’ for investigating how “a world of meant objects” is produced.
10
01
JB code
z.186.s4
Section header
25
01
Epilogue
10
01
JB code
z.186.17mat
381
388
8
Article
26
01
Trajectories of the object in interaction
1
A01
Ben Matthews
Matthews, Ben
Ben
Matthews
University of Queensland
10
01
JB code
z.186.18pi
389
390
2
Miscellaneous
27
01
Person index
10
01
JB code
z.186.19si
391
393
3
Miscellaneous
28
01
Subject index
02
JBENJAMINS
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
John Benjamins Publishing Company
Amsterdam/Philadelphia
NL
04
20140912
2014
John Benjamins B.V.
02
WORLD
13
15
9789027212139
01
JB
3
John Benjamins e-Platform
03
jbe-platform.com
09
WORLD
21
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99.00
EUR
R
01
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83.00
GBP
Z
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gen
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149.00
USD
S
96015263
03
01
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JB
John Benjamins Publishing Company
01
JB code
Z 186 Hb
15
9789027212139
13
2014014850
BB
01
Interacting with Objects
Language, materiality, and social activity
01
z.186
01
https://benjamins.com
02
https://benjamins.com/catalog/z.186
1
B01
Maurice Nevile
Nevile, Maurice
Maurice
Nevile
University of Southern Denmark
2
B01
Pentti Haddington
Haddington, Pentti
Pentti
Haddington
University of Oulu
3
B01
Trine Heinemann
Heinemann, Trine
Trine
Heinemann
University of Southern Denmark
4
B01
Mirka Rauniomaa
Rauniomaa, Mirka
Mirka
Rauniomaa
University of Oulu
01
eng
401
vii
393
PSY031000
v.2006
JMJ
2
24
JB Subject Scheme
COMM.CGEN
Communication Studies
24
JB Subject Scheme
IS.GIS
Interaction Studies
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.COGN
Cognition and language
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.DISC
Discourse studies
24
JB Subject Scheme
LIN.PRAG
Pragmatics
24
JB Subject Scheme
PSY.INDROC
Industrial & organizational studies
06
01
Objects are essential for how, together, people create and experience social life and relate to the physical environment around them. <i>Interacting with Objects: Language, materiality, and social activity</i> presents studies which use video recordings of real-life settings to explore how objects feature in social interaction and activity. The studies consider many objects (e.g. paper documents, food, a camera, art, furniture, and even the human body), across various situations, such as shopping, visiting the doctor, interviews and meetings, surgery, and instruction in dance, craft, or cooking. Analyses reveal in precise detail how, as people interact, objects are seen, touched and handled, heard, created, transformed, planned, imagined, shared, discussed, or appreciated. With the companion collection <i>Multiactivity in Social Interaction: Beyond multitasking</i>, the book advances understanding of the complex organisation and accomplishment of social interaction, especially the significance of embodiment, materiality, participation and temporality. By focussing on objects in and for actual occasions of human action, <i>Interacting with Objects: Language, materiality, and social activity</i> will interest many researchers and practitioners in language and social interaction, communication and discourse, design, and also more widely within anthropology, sociology, psychology, and related disciplines.
05
[T]his book, examining specifically and in detail how objects feature in social actions, provides a substantial first step toward describing ‘the interactional ecology of objects’ (p. 17). As objects are an integral part of our everyday actions, the analysis and findings here will interest and impact research in various fields, especially discourse analysis and social action analysis.
Zeng Xiaorong, Jiangxi Agricultural University, P.R. China, in Discourse Studies, Vol. 18:2 (2016), pp. 226-228.
05
<i>Interacting with Objects</i> is a unique collection of empirical studies. It takes seriously that there is no such thing as an object simpliciter; there are only objects in, for and of activities. Through detailed analyses of video recordings of diverse interactions in which various objects are perceived and manipulated, the contributors beautifully demonstrate that features of an object are intrinsically lodged in the spatial and temporal unfolding of each distinct activity. Objects shape, and are shaped by, ongoing action. This is an insightful and important book, and provides the foundation for all future studies on the subject.
Aug Nishizaka, Chiba University
05
Objects are critical to the ways in which we produce and make sense of conduct. And yet, we can still paraphrase Bruno Latour over twenty years on to ask this question of most accounts of society: "where are the missing masses of objects?" This collection powerfully responds. It contains insightful and sophisticated analyses of how we use objects as interactional resources and, in so doing, how we constitute the sense and significance of those very same objects. As a result, it is a delight for everyone interested in the 'stuff' of social life.
Jon Hindmarsh, King's College London
05
Austin taught us that speaking is doing things with words. Nevile et al. now show us that talk does not occur in a material vacuum, but crucially involves using things for communicative purposes. With the methodological rigor of video-based multimodal interaction analysis, the authors illuminate how objects figure in structuring communicative encounters, how their use enhances participants’ opportunities for action and how objects are collaboratively produced. The rich universe of the fine grained coordination of verbal interaction, bodily conduct and manipulation of objects in social practice is deployed before the readers’ eyes in fascinating detail. This book will be indispensable for everybody who is interested in a comprehensive understanding of embodied communicative conduct in real world situations.
Arnulf Deppermann, Institute for the German Language, Mannheim
05
This book shows how the formulation of the concept of ‘objects’ provides an approach to studies which use an ethnomethodological and conversation analytic perspective: ‘objects’ are considered as ‘situated resources’ and as ‘practical accomplishments’. Empirical studies using data from video taped recordings of naturally occurring interaction are analyzed in detail to show how social interaction and ordinary actions can achieve this feat, for participants.
George Psathas, Boston University
05
From the sound made by the hoover to the knitting produced by needles, this exciting collection analyses how objects feature in everyday, educational and technical activities. While we might assume the qualities of an object to be constant and consistent, we learn from this book how these qualities are re-shaped from moment-to-moment. It brings the lived, intended and accomplished qualities of objects into the heart of current work in conversation analysis and ethnomethodology. At the same time it brings conversation analysis and ethnomethodology into the heart of research on objects and materiality.
Eric Laurier, University of Edinburgh
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Miscellaneous
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Acknowledgements
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Introduction
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26
24
Article
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On the interactional ecology of objects
1
A01
Maurice Nevile
Nevile, Maurice
Maurice
Nevile
University of Southern Denmark
2
A01
Pentti Haddington
Haddington, Pentti
Pentti
Haddington
University of Oulu
3
A01
Trine Heinemann
Heinemann, Trine
Trine
Heinemann
University of Southern Denmark
4
A01
Mirka Rauniomaa
Rauniomaa, Mirka
Mirka
Rauniomaa
University of Oulu
01
The empirical studies of this book examine how objects feature in the momentto-moment conduct of social interaction and activity. The studies draw on naturally occurring data, video recordings of people interacting with one another as they engage with objects for a wide range of purposes, across many real-life settings, situations and occasions. Here in this introductory chapter we define ‘object’, and highlight how objects in the social world have been investigated across scholarly fields. We outline the dominant methodological and analytic influences for this collection, ethnomethodology (EM) and conversation analysis (CA), and emphasise the significance of embodiment and materiality. We describe the broad arrangement of the chapters around two overarching themes, ‘Objects as situated resources’ and ‘Objects as practical accomplishments’. Lastly, looking across the chapters we identify a number of possible alternative points of convergence which emerge when objects in and for social interaction are themselves treated as the principal focus of analysis.
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Part A. Objects as situated resources
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Organising and sequencing
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z.186.02ric
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56
26
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The order of ordering
The
order of ordering
Objects, requests and embodied conduct in a public bar
1
A01
Emma Richardson
Richardson, Emma
Emma
Richardson
Loughborough University
2
A01
Elizabeth Stokoe
Stokoe, Elizabeth
Elizabeth
Stokoe
Loughborough University
01
This chapter examines how, in video-recorded public house service encounters between customers and bartenders, different objects emerge and are constituted as essential resources in accomplishing the service encounter at the bar. The objects of interest are the cash till and the tables in the bar, as well as the bar environment itself. Using ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, we show how the bartenders and customers recruit and index these objects at particular junctions in the ordering sequence, and how they work collaboratively with spoken talk to progress the activity of ordering. This chapter aims to expand thinking on how embodied conduct may be analysed in conjunction with talk, and highlights the integral nature of objects to the progression of social life.
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z.186.03mik
57
78
22
Article
7
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Initiating activity shifts through use of appraisal forms as material objects during performance appraisal interviews
1
A01
Piia Mikkola
Mikkola, Piia
Piia
Mikkola
University of Vaasa
2
A01
Esa Lehtinen
Lehtinen, Esa
Esa
Lehtinen
University of Vaasa
01
This study shows how participants of performance appraisal interviews use appraisal forms as material objects in initiations of activity shifts. Participants negotiate their willingness to proceed from one interview item to another by gazing at, pointing toward and manipulating the forms. This study contributes to earlier studies of written documents as material objects in interaction, by showing, firstly, how written documents can be used in a step-by-step embodied negotiation; secondly, how orientation to material objects makes it possible for participants to conduct two activities at the same time; and thirdly, how the document’s role as the agenda of an encounter is consequential for the activity. The data of this study consist of six video-recorded appraisal interviews from a Finnish public organisation.
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z.186.04bec
79
98
20
Article
8
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“I’ll just see what you had before”
Making computer use relevant while patients present their problems
1
A01
Søren Beck Nielsen
Beck Nielsen, Søren
Søren
Beck Nielsen
University of Copenhagen
01
This chapter focuses on how doctors, during consultations, use computers as objects that serve diagnostic purposes. Specifically, the chapter investigates instances when doctors shift their attention towards their computers while patients present their problems. Such shifts momentarily change the focus of the doctor-patient interaction from patient-centred, in which patients typically describe their problems and/or answer questions from their own perspective, to computer-centred, where doctors seek answers about patients’ histories and general conditions as available in the digital records. I call this activity ‘historytaking side sequences’ because participants treat them as relevant departures from on-going interactional trajectories, which make a range of options such as diagnoses and informed decisions possible. The study sheds light on how computer use has become an integral part of face-to-face doctor-patient communication. More specifically, the study also shows that integrating the computer into the consultation requires doctors’ active efforts, both verbal and embodied, to indicate that the computer is a relevant object and its use is important for the medical business at hand.
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Participating and involving
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124
24
Article
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Objects as tools for talk
1
A01
Dennis Day
Day, Dennis
Dennis
Day
University of Southern Denmark
2
A01
Johannes Wagner
Wagner, Johannes
Johannes
Wagner
University of Southern Denmark
01
This paper deals with the touching, grasping, moving and handling of relatively small physical objects within spates of talk-in-interaction. We are interested in the organisation of such actions and the distribution of the objects amongst interactants in their unfolding activities, specifically in relation to how nteractants, analogously, organise and distribute their turns at talk. Unlike previous work, we attend less to objects as referred-to objects or as components of topic development. Instead, our focus is on objects as transactional in the ways in which they support fundamental infrastructure of interaction, namely that turns at talk and objects are taken or possessed in some sense and this is signalled and collaboratively organised by participants.
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125
144
20
Article
11
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Photo sharing as a joint activity between an aphasic speaker and others
1
A01
Tarja Aaltonen
Aaltonen, Tarja
Tarja
Aaltonen
University of Tampere
2
A01
Ilkka Arminen
Arminen, Ilkka
Ilkka
Arminen
University of Helsinki
3
A01
Sanna Raudaskoski
Raudaskoski, Sanna
Sanna
Raudaskoski
University of Tampere
01
The chapter concerns the usages of a digital camera and digital photographs as augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) methods in interaction between aphasic and non-challenged speakers. It focuses on the way in which a universal tool (the ‘ubi-tech’ method) can contribute to the fluency of spontaneous everyday interactions. The video-recorded conversation is analysed with conversation analytical methods. We highlight the way in which sharing photographs on the display of a digital camera affects the organisation of social activity through bringing in additional semiotic resources that empower the person with aphasia. The digital camera and photos also assist in manifesting the epistemic status of a knowing participant who otherwise tends to be limited by communicative constraints.
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168
24
Article
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Organising the soundscape
Participants’ orientation to impending sound when turning on auditory objects in interaction
1
A01
Mirka Rauniomaa
Rauniomaa, Mirka
Mirka
Rauniomaa
University of Oulu
2
A01
Trine Heinemann
Heinemann, Trine
Trine
Heinemann
University of Southern Denmark
01
This chapter examines two auditory objects, i.e. devices that produce sounds when in use: audio entertainment systems and vacuum cleaners. Despite their apparent differences, both objects raise similar relevancies for how and when they are employed. The chapter demonstrates that participants treat the turning on of an auditory object as negotiable and requiring disengagement from other involvements, such as talk. Consequently, turning on an auditory object occurs typically at points where the participants have brought a previous interactional activity to a close collaboratively and where the possibility of turning on the auditory object has been explicated either verbally or physically
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13
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Cultivating objects in interaction
Visual motifs as meaning making practices
1
A01
Spencer Hazel
Hazel, Spencer
Spencer
Hazel
Roskilde University
01
This chapter explores patterns of repeated orientations to physical objects in interactants’ visuo-spatial and haptic surround. A number of examples are presented from advice-giving activities in various institutional settings, where participants-in-interaction initially draw on material objects at hand while pursuing a particular line of explanation, and then return to these objects at later intervals. The analysis suggests that the objects are afforded representational properties through their being anchored to some referent in the talk, and that participants subsequently draw on these associations for describing, disambiguating or clarifying aspects of the relatively complex procedural frameworks discussed in the settings. This suggests that the temporal stability of material objects available to participants makes them an ideal resource to be developed as visual motifs.
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Part B. Objects as practical accomplishments
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Shaping and creating
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Cooking instructions and the shaping of things in the kitchen
1
A01
Lorenza Mondada
Mondada, Lorenza
Lorenza
Mondada
University of Basel
01
This chapter looks into the kitchen as a place where things are transformed into culinary preparations. On the basis of a video-recorded cooking course in which a group of trainees prepared a dinner under the supervision of a chef, I examine how objects are assembled, manipulated and transformed in a visibly embodied way. The chef instructs the trainees on how to prepare some ingredients and they organise their actions to follow these instructions. The analysis deals with the manipulation of ingredients at three key moments within this sequence of cooking instructions: the chef ’s instructions; questions following instructions; and instructed action leading to the final shaping of the ingredients. The first moment shows how objects have features that are taken for granted by experts; the second shows how participants work to identify the relevant aspects of the objects they manipulate; the third reveals the normative way in which objects are expected to be transformed.
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17
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To follow the materials
The detection, diagnosis and correction of mistakes in craft education
1
A01
Anna Ekström
Ekström, Anna
Anna
Ekström
Linköping University
2
A01
Oskar Lindwall
Lindwall, Oskar
Oskar
Lindwall
University of Gothenburg
01
This chapter investigates the role and function of textile materials in relation to corrective sequences in craft education. The analyses explicate how problems are detected, how problems are diagnosed and how problems are corrected and solved. When students encounter problems related to their making of a textile object, there is a disruption in the progression of the activity. Disruptions in progressivity in the analysed setting are not heard in intervening talk, but seen in the ways the materials have turned out. Correspondingly, actions used to overcome these problems, whether conducted in talk or otherwise, are not done on talk but on actions and materials involved in the making of objects.
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268
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18
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Having a ball
Immaterial objects in dance instruction
1
A01
Leelo Keevallik
Keevallik, Leelo
Leelo
Keevallik
01
This chapter looks at how immaterial objects are manipulated into being for pedagogical purposes. Dance teachers employ objects to visualise subtle tactile and kinaesthetic experiences. The objects emerge in a situated manner within activity metaphors where alternative bodily activities are juxtaposed with the dance movement, taking for granted that these alternative activities are tacitly known or more basic. The objects have a temporally limited existence within activity metaphors that involve verbal explanations as well as embodied demonstrations of both the dance and the alternative activity. Furthermore, participants are shown to orient differently to mere object-implying gestures as opposed to fully-fledged whole-body enactments. In the latter, objects may be maintained collectively across time.
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Experiencing and identifying
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Establishing joint orientation towards commercial objects in a self-service store
How practices of categorisation matter
1
A01
Elwys De Stefani
De Stefani, Elwys
Elwys
De Stefani
KU Leuven
01
This chapter investigates how persons shopping together initiate orientation towards commercial objects that populate self-service stores. Drawing on the methods developed in conversation analysis, it discusses the actions that shoppers accomplish when introducing a ‘new’ object into their interaction. In the supermarket setting, objects are available resources: as customers navigate through the aisles of the store, they use (commercial) objects as landmarks, as resources allowing them to organise their overall shopping activity, to initiate buying decisions, to engage in topic talk, etc. This study furthermore discusses the multimodal resources that shoppers employ when establishing a joint focus of attention and analyses the categorisation work that they accomplish when orienting towards objects that are on sale.
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295
318
24
Article
21
01
Artworks as touchable objects
Guiding perception in a museum tour for blind people
1
A01
Yaël Kreplak
Kreplak, Yaël
Yaël
Kreplak
ICAR Research Lab, ENS Lyon
2
A01
Chloé Mondémé
Mondémé, Chloé
Chloé
Mondémé
ICAR Research Lab / Centre Jacques Berque (CNRS-MAE)
01
In this chapter we contribute to the description of the interactional accomplishment of object use, by raising the following question “what kind of objects are artworks?”, and consequently, “what kind of interactional practices do they configure?”. By focusing on video-analysis of a guided tour for visually impaired persons (VIPs) allowed to touch artworks, we propose a praxeological analysis of situated procedures of artworks’ formulation and palpation, opening on a reflection on aesthetic touch – both about the way it is reflexively accomplished and the way tactile experience is collectively and sequentially organised in interaction.
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338
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22
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Incidental and essential objects in interaction
Paper documents in journalistic work
1
A01
Alexandra Weilenmann
Weilenmann, Alexandra
Alexandra
Weilenmann
University of Gothenburg
2
A01
Gustav Lymer
Lymer, Gustav
Gustav
Lymer
Uppsala University
01
A large body of work points to the special status of paper documents in the ecology of objects in the workplace. In this chapter, we revisit this work, focusing on the role of paper in the everyday work of journalists. We examine three quite different empirical examples where paper documents feature in interaction, supporting, in turn, the structuring of conversation, collaboration and inter-organisational interaction. Based on these examples we argue for a distinction between object-focused interactions and object-implicating interactions. In addition, and related to the dual nature of documents being both material objects and carriers of information, we identify an analytic dimension along which interactions with objects can be placed, that from incidental to essential.
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356
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Envisioning the plan in interaction
Configuring pipes during a plumbers’ meeting
1
A01
Shinichiro Sakai
Sakai, Shinichiro
Shinichiro
Sakai
Seisen University
2
A01
Ron Korenaga
Korenaga, Ron
Ron
Korenaga
Rikkyo University
3
A01
Yoshifumi Mizukawa
Mizukawa, Yoshifumi
Yoshifumi
Mizukawa
Hokusei Gakuen University
4
A01
Motoko Igarashi
Igarashi, Motoko
Motoko
Igarashi
Hokkai-Gakuen University
01
The central focus of this chapter is the methods of practical reasoning that accomplish a mutual understanding of relevant objects during the organisation and operation of a plumbing design. To execute successfully the task of coordinating disparate actions in the work, participants must achieve a shared and collective vision of the particular objects under discussion. We emphasise that for objects to be used as interactional resources, they must first be made recognisable and intelligible as interactional accomplishments, though we also suggest that these two analytical issues are inseparable for members when developing a course of practical activity. Objects in our study include tangible artefacts that have physical materiality as well as not-yet-existing abstractions, the designs.
10
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357
378
22
Article
24
01
Instructed objects
1
A01
Timothy Koschmann
Koschmann, Timothy
Timothy
Koschmann
Southern Illinois University
2
A01
Alan Zemel
Zemel, Alan
Alan
Zemel
University at Albany, SUNY
01
This chapter develops an ethnomethodologically-informed view regarding the sociality of objects, building upon Garfinkel’s various descriptions of object constitution. We examine a particular case of diagnostic reasoning produced in the course of carrying out a surgical procedure at a teaching hospital. Our interest is in the methods employed by the surgeons in resolving certain incongruities in the case as it presents itself. Through an occasioned process of inquiry, the case at hand comes to be seen in a new light. This revised clinical picture is the oriented object under consideration here and it is produced as a discovered matter. We describe it as an instructed object to emphasise that perception is a kind of action and can too be taught. For us, as for Garfinkel, instruction is a fundamental feature of how social order is created and shared understanding sustained. In the analysed example, the methods by which a new appreciation of the case is achieved are public and inspectable. Instructional settings are, in this way, ‘perspicuous sites’ for investigating how “a world of meant objects” is produced.
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Epilogue
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381
388
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Trajectories of the object in interaction
1
A01
Ben Matthews
Matthews, Ben
Ben
Matthews
University of Queensland
10
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390
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Miscellaneous
27
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Person index
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393
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Subject index
02
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