Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University | Nur-Mubarak Egyptian University of Islamic Culture
Abstract
The study of mental verbs is relevant at the present stage of development of linguistic science, since there is still no clear classification of these lexical units in the Kazakh language. The purpose of this study was formed — the representation of the lexical-semantic categories of verbs associated with the processes of perception, cognition and affectivity, using frame model. To implement the tasks set in the study, the methods of frame, semantic, contextual and structural analysis, dictionary and thesaurus approaches used in combination were used. The article examined the main lexico-semantic categories of verbs expressing actions with mental meanings, focused on the formation of frame structures and substructures, evaluated the linguistic capabilities of the three main lexico-semantic categories (perception, cognition, affectivity), formed semantic links between functional-semantic fields each individual group representing different aspects of mental activity. Attention was focused on the fact that the processes of semantic changes are determined by the worldview of the people, their spiritual and cultural experience, and the discursive nature of the language. An idea was formed about the system of mental verbs, representing all types of knowledge, on the basis of the corpus of the Kazakh language and artistic material. This study showed that the Kazakh language is characterised by a high degree of figurativeness, metaphorisation and anthropomorphisation, determined the semantic boundaries of the main groups of mental verbs, so it can be used in the future to form frame models in the field of Kazakh phraseology, linguoculturology, cognitive and communicative linguistics.
The need to study mental verbs is caused by the lack of a clear classification of this category of lexical units (LU) in different linguistic paradigms, including the Kazakh language. According to Cruse (1986), the basic lexical units of a sentence have two prominent characteristics, which are being at least one semantic constituent and being at least one word. Modern linguistic science demonstrates an ambiguous definition of lexico-semantic groups and subgroups, which are determined by the psychological, emotional, cognitive, and perceptual functions of the language (Degtiarova et al., 2023). Mental verbs reflect mental activity associated with auditory and visual perception; therefore, their lexico-semantic fields are wide (Etemi & Uzunboylu, 2020). To determine their boundaries, it is necessary to take into account the contextual use, functionality, and polysemanticity of LU on the example of each national language separately. Frame networks are based on the semantics of frames (which refers to the meaning content and structure within those frames) and are created to solve lexicographic problems; the material for research is LU and their conceptual structure. According to Czulo, Ziem, and Torrent (2020), frames created on the basis of lexical meanings, as a rule, do not reflect the pragmatic properties of structures, for example, the illocutionary interaction in communication.
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