W. expresses the belief that there is a universal mental language and that speaking is translating from that language to a specific natural language. A list of thirteen 'fundamental concepts' is proposed: I, you, someone, something, world, this, want, don't want, think of, say, imagine, be part of, become. Other concepts are said to be analyzable in terms of semantic primitives. After a number of examples W. claims that even illocutionary forces can be represented in terms of semantic primitives.