This study examines perceived ethnolinguistic vitality and language attitudes among Jewish and Arab high school students in Israel. The Jewish majority appears to accentuate the differences, notwithstanding significant intragroup differences according to the choice of an additional language, and Arab language attitudes towards their own language represent a more complex relationship network, besides the impact of the status dimension of the vitality construct. Some of the findings are discussed in terms of Tajfel's social identity theory.