Main methodological tendencies and scientific realizations in neurolinguistics, -the language-brain relations study-, are presented. The cerebral localization of linguistic processes is handled in historical perspective, from the founders in the aphasiological tradition to recent findings in the functional neuroimaging literature and neurophysiology techniques, along with important progress in clinical research. As for pragmatics' neural correlates, this rather recent research domain is fully incorporated as core area in the neuroscience of language (Bambini ed. 2010). As such, clues as to the localization and timing of pragmatic processes in the brain are issued.