Publications
Publication details [#58727]
Hazen, Kirk. 2014. A new role for an ancient variable in Appalachia: Paradigm leveling and standardization in West Virginia. Language Variation and Change 26 (1) : 77–102.
Publication type
Article in journal
Publication language
English
Keywords
Language as a subject
Place, Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Journal WWW
Annotation
In many rural English-speaking communities, like the U.S. Appalachian region, linguistic processes like paradigm leveling collide with social processes of standardization. A quantitative sociolinguistic study evaluated the status of past be amid native Appalachian speakers in the light of economic and educational advances over the 20th century. The findings point out that leveled was decreased sharply, with the youngest speakers showing more standardized patterns. Still the level of was contraction (e.g., We's there last night) grew, providing native Appalachians a reduced variant to oppose the social urge towards a completely standardized system.