Within the context of the global digital revolution, translation in professional settings cannot be understood without the Internet, as a communicative, documentary, and productivity tool (Cronin 2013; Jimenez-Crespo 2013). Similarly, translation training has been revolutionized by the wide range of possibilities afforded by the Internet. This paper reviews the impact of the Internet on translation e research within the framework of translation competence models (PACTE 2005; Göpferich 2009), as well as socio-constructivist approaches to translation education (Kiraly 2012; 2000). Its impact has been felt in two areas: (1) how translation is taught and (2) how the world of translation has been changed by the Internet. Related to the first area is the rapid increase in the number of online and hybrid programs offered and in the use of online teaching platforms in classroom-based contexts. Related to the second area, a wide range of new opportunities has arisen, such as: (1) those related to the Internet as a communicative platform, (2) those related to the use of the Internet during translation tasks, both in terms of cloud-based translation memory and human-aided machine translation, as well as the use of the Internet for ‘external support’ (Alves and Liparini 2009) to solve translation problems, and (3) the emergence of new translation modalities such as web localization, new textual genres, such as social networking sites or tweets, as well as new translation practices, such as online crowdsourcing and volunteer translation communities.