This study addresses a gap in the literature on executive function advantages among bilingual speakers by investigating a group of elderly, long-term, immersed bilinguals. The participants are native Dutch speakers who emigrated to Australia as adults and have spent many years in that country. They are compared on a range of cognitive and linguistic measures to native Dutch and native English control groups. It is argued that, due to the massive differences in the bilingual experience, group analyses may fall short of capturing the full picture. A more qualitative approach is favored, which takes into account as detailed as possible a picture of bilingual development, daily language habits and, in particular, code-switching habits .