Publications
Publication details [#61297]
Messerli, Thomas C. 2016. Extradiegetic and character laughter as markers of humorous intentions in the sitcom 2 Broke Girls. Journal of Pragmatics 95 : 79–92.
Publication type
Article in journal
Publication language
English
Keywords
Place, Publisher
Elsevier
Journal WWW
Annotation
This study examines data from one episode of the US sitcom 2 Broke Girls to show how telecinematic discourse opposes and plainly notifies intentions on various communication levels for humorous impact. The proposed examples demonstrate how the collective senders hint television viewers to observe extradiegetic laughter (the laugh track) and character laughter as markers of humour and humour support to deduce humorous and non-humorous intentions and absurdities on diverse communicative planes, communicative level 1 (CL1) between collective sender and viewers, and CL2 between characters. The data elucidate the heterogeneity of sitcom humour, which is categorised into humour constellations based on the communicative level on which the inanity is deduced. Subtypes of CL2-humour imply markers that show characters to be intentionally humorous, to miss their humourous efforts, or to feign to value humour by using fake laughter; CL1-humour alludes to humour which is marked merely extradiegetically and operates without any marked intent within the fictional world. Each of the constellations composes the viewers otherwise and asks them to laugh with or about sitcom characters, and this categorisation thus also singles out the viewers’ dynamic shifts between diverse participant roles.