Publications

Publication details [#61346]

Wiltschko, Martina and Xiaodong Yang. 2016. The confirmational marker ha in Northern Mandarin. Journal of Pragmatics 104 : 67–82.
Publication type
Article in journal
Publication language
English
Language as a subject
Place, Publisher
Elsevier

Annotation

This study centers on form, distribution and function of the sentence-final particle ha (哈) in Northern Mandarin. To grasp its function, ha is collated with two other Mandarin particles. It is demonstrated that ha's three divergent phonetic forms hold a dinstinct pragmatic function. Ha1 is employed to validate speaker's stance, ha2 to validate addressee's stance, and ha3 is a narrative marker. An inquiry shows that ha's two confirmational instances alter the illocutionary act of an utterance. It is also shown that the choice among particles with ostensibly similar function is defined by the force of the speaker's stance toward the suggestion as well as politeness contemplations.