Publications

Publication details [#62602]

Xiaomei, Wang. 2017. Family language policy by Hakkas in Balik Pulau, Penang. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2017 (244) : 87–118.
Publication type
Article in journal
Publication language
English
Language as a subject
Place, Publisher
De Gruyter

Annotation

Family domain is pivotal for language maintenance. It is also a critical avenue for children’s language acquisition. In Spolsky’s language management theory, family is one of the crucial domains for language management. This inquiry centers on family language management in Hakka families in Balik Pulau, Penang, from three viewpoints: ideology, practice, and management. Structured-interviews were conducted in November 2012 with 14 Hakka families. It is displayed how they give great significance to Mandarin and almost drop Hakka in the family domain. However, they still hold strong Hakka identity and some parents have restarted to speak Hakka with their children consciously. Multilingual ability is a usual expectation from parents. With multilingual input in the family domain, most of the children become passive bilinguals or multilinguals. The regional prestige dialect Hokkien is part of the repertoire of these Hakka families. However, there are no deliberate attempts from the parents to teach Hokkien to their children. Conscious language management is only found for Mandarin and sometimes for English. This results from the parents’ language ideology that Mandarin is the most notanle language for Chinese Malaysians and English is an international language for their children’s future career. Findings from this inquiry add to the grasp of language maintenance and language shift in general.