This inquiry explored which aspects of bilingualism relate to identification with first- and second-language cultures. Two hundred and nine bilinguals completed a questionnaire probing linguistic background and cultural affiliations. Regression assays pointed out that cultural identification was forecasted by age of language acquisition, language proficiency, foreign accentedness, and contexts of long-term language immersion and current language exposure. Follow-up assays disclosed that the language–culture relations were mediated by the age and way in which the second language was learnt. These findings are situated within a presented framework of bilingual cultural identity. By distinguishing features of bilingualism that are pertinent to cultural identity, this inquiry enhances our grasp of the relationship between language and culture.