This inquiry explored the role of language exposure in vocabulary acquisition in Irish, a threatened minority language in Ireland which is generally acquired with English in a bilingual context. Employing a bilingual Irish–English adaptation of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories, longitudinal parent report data were gathered from 34 children (19 girls and 15 boys) at 4-monthly intervals, resulting in 61 data points between the ages of 17–36 months. Language exposure estimates pointed out that while the caregivers ‘always’ spoke Irish to the children, both languages were employed in most households, with/among siblings and extended family. The children’s vocabulary pointed out that they were Irish-dominant in this age range, with more Irish words than English for all vocabulary categories. The assay also displayed no difference in Irish vocabulary scores between children who were ‘usually’ exposed to Irish compared to those with lower exposure rates to Irish. However, there was a significant effect for caregivers’ reported use of English on children’s English scores. The results are debated in terms of the language input required to preserve an endangered language and factors to take into account for establishing good estimates of language exposure in a minority language context.