This paper focuses on ethnolinguistic identity: how ethnolinguistic grouping is sustained by linguistic ideologies and how rigid categorization is toned down in everyday practice. Using an empirical study of the relations of sameness and distinction established with the Siwan group by non-members through their use—or non-use—of the Siwi language, this paper will demonstrate that, based on Siwi's acquired status as an icon of group identity, the language is employed as a resource for identity work by non-members to express their position vis-à-vis the Siwan group.