Lemko identity in Poland is challenged in various contexts, involving social, linguistic and political spheres. The members of this minority need to parley plural identities, both from an in-group viewpoint and in interactions with Poland's majority community. This article explores how the Lemkos engage in this, with diverging success rates, and ensuing tensions. Especially, a Lemko identity is investigated from the viewpoint of ideologies of language in order to outline the main themes which are manifest in this reappearing minority.