Human beings perceive the world through symbolization, constructing culture with national characteristics. In this process, language, a symbol system, is not only a decoding tool for various symbols, but also a typical cultural symbol which is realized by metonymy and metaphor of some special words. The metonymic function of the words that are used in lyre-playing, chess, calligraphy and painting is originated from their cultural image. The metaphorical function is to form a cross-domain cognition, mapping the concepts of lyre-playing, chess, calligraphy and painting onto their features, forming the cultural derivation, regulating and constructing new cognitive concepts.