Heller, a representative of Eastern European Neo-Marxism, expresses her philosophical thoughts on history after the collapse of the grand narrative in her book A Philosophy of History in Fragments. In this book she makes extensive use of metaphor to express the historical choices of human beings in contingent situations in a "non-theoretical" way. She dispels metaphysical myths and rejects the view of history as homogeneous and rational. One of the aims of her philosophy of history is to create a microcosmic "cultural utopia" in the postmodern context, trying to achieve a coexistence of utopia and chance. In a sense, Heller's philosophy of history inherits the spirit of Marxist theory of history, showing concern for human destiny, resistance to alienation, and criticism of modern ideology, echoing the trend of the 20th century from the macro-to the micro-philosophy of history, and representing a possibility for Marxist philosophy in a new era. Heller's theoretical reflections help to further enrich our understanding of the Marxist view of history.