“Using Water as Metaphor for Education” was an important way of expression by ancient Chinese thinkers. The ancient Chinese thought of “using water as metaphor for education” mainly includes using water as metaphor for human nature, learning, and teaching. It is an important methodology of ancient thinkers to “Using water as Metaphor for Education” to be good at talking about education from the observation of water, control of water, and enjoyment of water. It is found that river civilization, water worship and the unity of man and nature respectively constitute the material, cultural and ideological roots of the thought of “using water as metaphor for education”． A certain pedagogy and a certain culture have internal correlation, and the thought of “using water as metaphor for education” embodies distinct cultural character and national characteristics．