Kövecses's chapter examines the questions of whether emotion metaphors are unique to emotions and whether emotion metaphors are universal ("Metaphor and Emotion"). Based on detailed, cross-linguistic analyses, he claims that emotion metaphors primarily arise from the generic metaphor CAUSES ARE FORCES, and that certain specific source domains (e.g., OPPONENT, NATURAL FORCE, HEAT), apply to a wide range of target concepts other than emotion. Furthermore, even though many emotion metaphors are grounded in universal bodily experiences, there is significant cultural framing of these experiences that leads to variation in the kinds of source domains in emotion metaphors across different cultures. (Raymond Gibbs)